Black KJ, Kim S, Yang NY, Greene DJ. Course of tic disorders over the lifespan.
CURRENT DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS REPORTS 2021;
8:121-132. [PMID:
34178575 PMCID:
PMC8223879 DOI:
10.1007/s40474-021-00231-3]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
To summarize and update information on the course of tic disorders from childhood through later life.
RECENT FINDINGS
Tics tend to improve substantially over the first year after they appear. However, contrary to widespread opinion, tics usually last longer than one year, though usually at minimal severity. Tics often wane to clinical insignificance over the teen years, possibly resurging occasionally over the lifespan. However, in an important minority of patients, tics remain clinically relevant throughout life. Tics rarely first come to clinical attention later in adulthood, but new reports describe additional such cases.
SUMMARY
Recent publications have shown tics to persist past a few months more often than previously thought, though often at minimal severity, and recurrence after an asymptomatic period is common. The safety and efficacy of behavior therapy for tics, together with prospective indicators of early prognosis, make feasible the possibility of bettering the lifetime course of tic disorders with early intervention.
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