1
|
Gao Z, Xiu M, Liu J, Wu F, Zhang X. Smoking, Symptoms Improvement, and Total Antioxidant Capacity in Patients with Drug-naive First-episode Schizophrenia: A Prospective Cohort Study. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:1733-1741. [PMID: 37859307 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x22666231019105328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been hypothesized that smoking is associated with the severity of negative symptoms. Until now, no studies have investigated whether the impact of smoking on negative symptoms is dependent on antioxidants. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of smoking on therapeutic response and total antioxidants capacity (TAOC) in antipsychotic-naïve first-episode (ANFE) patients. METHODS The severity of the patient's symptoms was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). A total of 237 ANFE patients were recruited and treated with risperidone (oral tablets, 4-6 mg/day twice a day) for 12 weeks. PANSS was assessed at baseline and a 12-week follow-up. Plasma TAOC levels were also assayed at baseline and week 12. RESULTS Relative to nonsmokers with ANFE SZ, smokers had higher PANSS negative subscores. There was no significant difference in TAOC changes after 12 weeks of treatment with risperidone between smokers and non-smokers. However, we found greater improvement in negative symptoms in smokers compared to non-smokers. Further analysis in smokers with SZ demonstrated that improvements in negative symptoms were not associated with changes in TAOC. CONCLUSION Our study suggested that smoking affected the severity of baseline negative symptoms and further contributed to their reduction after risperidone treatment. However, improvement in negative symptoms was not dependent on the changes in TAOC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Gao
- The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder, Wenzhou, China
| | - Meihong Xiu
- Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahong Liu
- The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fengchun Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang K, Xiu M, Su X, Wu F, Zhang X. Association between Changes in Total Antioxidant Levels and Clinical Symptom Improvement in Patients with Antipsychotic-Naïve First-Episode Schizophrenia after 3 Months of Risperidone Monotherapy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040646. [PMID: 35453331 PMCID: PMC9029332 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is associated with aberrant redox regulation in the early stages of brain development. There is growing evidence that the antioxidant defense system is closely associated with the therapeutic response to antipsychotics in SCZ patients. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of risperidone monotherapy on total antioxidant status (TAS) and the relationship between symptom improvement and changes in TAS in patients with antipsychotic-naïve first-episode (ANFE) SCZ. Clinical symptoms were evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Two hundred and forty-six ANFE patients were treated with risperidone for 3 months. PANSS and TAS levels were assessed at baseline and at a 3-month follow-up. Relative to healthy controls, ANFE patients had higher TAS levels, which increased even further during the treatment. Moreover, baseline TAS levels were a predictor of symptom reduction after risperidone treatment. In addition, there was a significant association between increased TAS levels and the decreased cognitive factor. Our findings suggest that antioxidant protection is possibly associated with clinical improvement in ANFE patients after risperidone treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keqiang Wang
- Hebei Province Veterans Hospital, Baoding 071000, China; (K.W.); (X.S.)
| | - Meihong Xiu
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Peking University, Beijing 100096, China;
| | - Xiuru Su
- Hebei Province Veterans Hospital, Baoding 071000, China; (K.W.); (X.S.)
| | - Fengchun Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510370, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510370, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou 510370, China
- Correspondence: (F.W.); (X.Z.); Tel.: +86-135-8038-0071 (F.W.); +86-10-64879520 (X.Z.)
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510370, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence: (F.W.); (X.Z.); Tel.: +86-135-8038-0071 (F.W.); +86-10-64879520 (X.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ansariniaki M, Behnam B, Keyghobady S, Izadisabet F, Mirmohammadkhani M, Abdollahi M, Soleimani M. The effects of aromatherapy with clove essential oil on memory function of patients during electroconvulsive therapy: A randomized controlled trial. Eur J Integr Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2022.102121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
4
|
Atagun Mİ, Atay OC, Balaban OD, Ipekcioglu D, Alpugan B, Yalcin S, Senat A, Karamustafalioglu N, Ilnem MC, Erel O. Serum nitric oxide levels are depleted in depressed patients treated with electroconvulsive therapy. Indian J Psychiatry 2021; 63:456-461. [PMID: 34789933 PMCID: PMC8522622 DOI: 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_1441_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitric oxide (NO) is an endogenous substance which has several endocrine functions and may act as neurotransmitter in the brain. High levels of NO may provoke nitrosative stress. AIM It was aimed to examine serum levels of NO in patients with depressive episodes who were treated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in this study. METHODS The design was a case-control, follow-up study. Patients with depressive episodes (n = 23) and a healthy control group (n = 21) were enrolled. Three serum samples were obtained from the patient group (before ECT, after first and seventh sessions). NO, nitrite, and nitrate levels were examined. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Differences between groups were examined with t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test. Longitudinal data were evaluated with Panel Regression Analysis and Kruskal-Wallis Test. RESULTS Serum levels of NO and nitrite decreased significantly after the seventh session of ECT administration compared to the baseline and first session. Nitrate levels did not differ between the assessments. CONCLUSIONS Reduction of the serum NO and nitrite levels might be a contributing factor for hypertension during the sessions. These findings are reflect the circulating NO levels. Further studies may dissect NO physiology in the brain in mental disorders and potential external effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murat İlhan Atagun
- Department of Psychiatry, Izmir Bakircay University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ozge Canbek Atay
- Department of Psychiatry, Istanbul Bakirkoy Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozlem D Balaban
- Department of Psychiatry, Istanbul Bakirkoy Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Derya Ipekcioglu
- Department of Psychiatry, Istanbul Bakirkoy Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Baris Alpugan
- Department of Psychiatry, Istanbul Bakirkoy Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Suat Yalcin
- Department of Psychiatry, Istanbul Bakirkoy Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Almila Senat
- Department of Biochemistry, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Karamustafalioglu
- Department of Psychiatry, Istanbul Bakirkoy Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet C Ilnem
- Department of Psychiatry, Istanbul Bakirkoy Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozcan Erel
- Department of Biochemistry, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Maffioletti E, Carvalho Silva R, Bortolomasi M, Baune BT, Gennarelli M, Minelli A. Molecular Biomarkers of Electroconvulsive Therapy Effects and Clinical Response: Understanding the Present to Shape the Future. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11091120. [PMID: 34573142 PMCID: PMC8471796 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11091120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) represents an effective intervention for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). One priority of this research field is the clarification of ECT response mechanisms and the identification of biomarkers predicting its outcomes. We propose an overview of the molecular studies on ECT, concerning its course and outcome prediction, including also animal studies on electroconvulsive seizures (ECS), an experimental analogue of ECT. Most of these investigations underlie biological systems related to major depressive disorder (MDD), such as the neurotrophic and inflammatory/immune ones, indicating effects of ECT on these processes. Studies about neurotrophins, like the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), have shown evidence concerning ECT neurotrophic effects. The inflammatory/immune system has also been studied, suggesting an acute stress reaction following an ECT session. However, at the end of the treatment, ECT produces a reduction in inflammatory-associated biomarkers such as cortisol, TNF-alpha and interleukin 6. Other biological systems, including the monoaminergic and the endocrine, have been sparsely investigated. Despite some promising results, limitations exist. Most of the studies are concentrated on one or few markers and many studies are relatively old, with small sample sizes and methodological biases. Expression studies on gene transcripts and microRNAs are rare and genetic studies are sparse. To date, no conclusive evidence regarding ECT molecular markers has been reached; however, the future may be just around the corner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Maffioletti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy; (E.M.); (R.C.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Rosana Carvalho Silva
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy; (E.M.); (R.C.S.); (M.G.)
| | | | - Bernhard T. Baune
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany;
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Massimo Gennarelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy; (E.M.); (R.C.S.); (M.G.)
- Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Minelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy; (E.M.); (R.C.S.); (M.G.)
- Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-030-3717255; Fax: +39-030-3701157
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kocamer Şahin Ş, Demir B, Elboğa G, Altındağ A, Elmalı E. The Effects of Maintenance Electroconvulsive Therapy on Hospitalization Rates. J Nerv Ment Dis 2021; 209:155-158. [PMID: 33273396 DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000001278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT This study aimed to study the effect of maintenance electroconvulsive therapy (mECT) on hospitalization rates in patients who had been readmitted after acute courses of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), and determine the most frequently used treatment schedules in mECT. Patients who had undergone mECT treatment for the last 5 years were retrospectively reviewed. Seventy patients were included in the study. The control group of 70 patients was selected from patients who received only acute ECT. Of the patients in the mECT group, 55.8% (39) were female, and 41.4% (29) were diagnosed with major depressive disorder. The mean number of patients hospitalized who received mECT after acute ECT was 0.55 ± 0.87, whereas it was 1.13 ± 1.31 in patients who received only pharmacotherapy after ECT in a covariant analysis adjusted for age and diagnosis. The most commonly used initial treatment protocol of mECT was weekly × 4, biweekly × 2, and monthly × 6. mECT is more effective in reducing hospitalization after acute ECT treatments than using psychotropic drugs alone for maintenance therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Şengül Kocamer Şahin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Aytuluk HG, Simsek T, Yilmaz M, Turan AZ, Saracoglu KT. Can Propofol Lead to an Increase in Seizure Threshold Over the Course of Electroconvulsive Therapy? CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE 2019; 17:523-530. [PMID: 31671490 PMCID: PMC6852674 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2019.17.4.523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the effects of 2 different dose regimens of propofol (low dose: < 1 mg/kg, high dose: ≥ 1 mg/kg) on the duration of the seizures, the required energy for the seizures, and the seizure threshold over the course of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Methods The electronic medical records of 165 patients receiving 971 sessions of ECT were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were evaluated in two groups according to the according to propofol doses that they had received for ECT. Group LP (n = 91): patients who received low dose propofol (< 1 mg/kg). Group HP (n = 74): patients who received high dose propofol (≥1 mg/kg). Results The required energy for seizures in Group HP were significantly higher than the Group LP in the 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, and 9th sessions (p < 0.05). The duration of seizures in the Group HP were significantly lower than the Group LP in the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 5th, 7th, and 8th sessions (p < 0.05). Higher electrical stimulus was needed to acquire a minimum length of seizure (> 25 sn) during the course of ECT in higher propofol doses. Although there was an increase in the seizure threshold over the course of ECT in both groups, this increase was found to be much more pronounced in the high-dose propofol group according to the low-dose propofol group. Longer duration of seizures was observed in the low-dose propofol group. Conclusion Higher doses of propofol in induction of anesthesia can lead to a more progressive rise in seizure threshold than lower doses of propofol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hande Gurbuz Aytuluk
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, University of Health Sciences Derince Training and Research Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Tahsin Simsek
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, University of Health Sciences Derince Training and Research Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Yilmaz
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, University of Health Sciences Derince Training and Research Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Ayse Zeynep Turan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, University of Health Sciences Derince Training and Research Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Kemal Tolga Saracoglu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, University of Health Sciences Derince Training and Research Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
The Impact of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Oxidative Stress in Subjects With Medication-Resistant Depression. J ECT 2018; 34:127-131. [PMID: 29166316 DOI: 10.1097/yct.0000000000000467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recent studies have shown that oxidative stress is involved in the neurobiology of depression. We investigated the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on a novel oxidative stress marker, thiol-disulfide homeostasis, in subjects with medication-resistant major depression (MRD). METHODS Twenty-six subjects with MRD underwent 15 rTMS sessions. Sociodemographic and baseline and post-rTMS Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) data were collected. Serum levels of native thiol, total thiol, and disulfide and their pairwise ratios were measured in baseline and post-rTMS blood samples. RESULTS Serum levels of native and total thiol were significantly decreased after rTMS treatment (P < 0.05). Serum levels of thiol-disulfide and their ratios did not significantly differ (P > 0.05) between rTMS treatment responders (>50% reduction in MADRS score, n = 11) and rTMS treatment nonresponders (n = 15). The percentage MADRS score changes did not correlate with the changes in the levels of serum thiol-disulfide from baseline to post-rTMS treatment in any subject (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that rTMS treatment was effective in subjects with MRD and was associated with changes in serum thiol levels regardless of improvement in depression severity. Thus, the results did not support a possible therapeutic relationship between rTMS and thiol-disulfide homeostasis in subjects with MRD.
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW ECT remains an important, yet underutilized, treatment for schizophrenia. Recent research shows that medication-resistant patients with schizophrenia, including those resistant to clozapine, respond well to ECT augmentation. The purpose of this article is to review recent studies of the use of ECT in the treatment of schizophrenia. RECENT FINDINGS We performed an electronic database search for articles on ECT and schizophrenia, published in 2017. The main themes of these articles are: epidemiological data on ECT use from various countries; retrospective studies, prospective studies and meta-analyses focusing on efficacy and cognitive side-effects of ECT in schizophrenia; ECT technical parameters and potential biomarkers. SUMMARY There is growing evidence to support the use of ECT for augmentation of antipsychotic response in the treatment of schizophrenia. Cognitive side-effects are generally mild and transient. In fact, many studies show improvement in cognition, possibly related to the improvement in symptoms. There is wide variation among countries in the use of ECT for the treatment of schizophrenia. There are also variations in the choice of ECT electrode placement, parameters and schedules. These technical differences are likely minor and should not interfere with the treatment being offered to patients. Further, long-term studies are needed to optimize ECT treatment parameters, to examine the effect of maintenance ECT and to investigate neuroimaging/biomarkers to understand the mechanism of action and identify potential response predictors to ECT.
Collapse
|
10
|
Kalelioglu T, Genc A, Karamustafalioglu N. Electroconvulsive Therapy and Oxidative Stress: Comment on the Article of Şenyurt et al. (Clin Psychophacol Neurosci 2017;15:40-46). CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE 2017; 15:298-299. [PMID: 28783944 PMCID: PMC5565078 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2017.15.3.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tevfik Kalelioglu
- Department of Psychiatry, Bakırköy Mental Health Research and Teaching Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Genc
- Department of Psychiatry, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Research and Teaching Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Karamustafalioglu
- Department of Psychiatry, Bakırköy Mental Health Research and Teaching Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|