1
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Bong AHL, Robitaille M, Lin S, McCart-Reed A, Milevskiy M, Angers S, Roberts-Thomson SJ, Monteith GR. TMCO1 is upregulated in breast cancer and regulates the response to pro-apoptotic agents in breast cancer cells. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:421. [PMID: 39353922 PMCID: PMC11445413 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02183-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2024] [Revised: 09/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The release of Ca2+ ions from endoplasmic reticulum calcium stores is a key event in a variety of cellular processes, including gene transcription, migration and proliferation. This release of Ca2+ often occurs through inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptors and the activity of these channels and the levels of stored Ca2+ in the endoplasmic reticulum are important regulators of cell death in cancer cells. A recently identified Ca2+ channel of the endoplasmic reticulum is transmembrane and coiled-coil domains 1 (TMCO1). In this study, we link the overexpression of TMCO1 with prognosis in node-positive basal breast cancer patients. We also identify interacting proteins of TMCO1, which include endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteins involved in Ca2+ regulation and proteins directly involved in nucleocytoplasmic transport. Interacting proteins included nuclear transport proteins and TMCO1 was shown to have both nuclear and endoplasmic reticulum localisation in MDA-MB-231 basal breast cancer cells. These studies also define a role for TMCO1 in the regulation of breast cancer cells in their sensitivity to BCL-2/MCL-1 inhibitors, analogous to the role of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptors in the regulation of cell death pathways activated by these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice H L Bong
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Mélanie Robitaille
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Sichun Lin
- Donelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Amy McCart-Reed
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Michael Milevskiy
- ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Stéphane Angers
- Donelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A2, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | | | - Gregory R Monteith
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia.
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Song R, Lee D, Jung S, Lee S, Kang H, Han J, Woo J, Lee E. Unveiling the Clinical Path of Microinvasive Breast Cancer: A Comparative Study With Tis-T1 Breast Cancer. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e70297. [PMID: 39382213 PMCID: PMC11462587 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.70297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 08/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/22/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The prognosis of microinvasive breast cancer (MIBC) is controversial, with a high reported rate of local recurrence (LR). This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics, treatments, and prognosis of patients with MIBC compared to those with carcinoma in situ (CIS) or early invasive cancer. METHODS Patients who diagnosed with CIS or stage I breast cancer were retrospectively enrolled. Using the Kaplan-Meier method, local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), systemic recurrence-free survival (SRFS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were compared according to T stage. The prognostic factors associated with LRFS were identified using the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS According to T stage, 517 (21.6%), 200 (8.4%), 207 (8.7%), 363 (15.2%), and 1101 (46.1%) patients had Tis, T1mi, T1a, T1b, and T1c tumors, respectively. The proportion of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive tumors was significantly higher in patients with MIBC (p < 0.0001). The administered adjuvant treatments also showed differences according to T stage (p < 0.0001). During the 73-month median follow-up period, patients with MIBC showed significantly worse LRFS than those with T1a or T1c tumors (p = 0.002). There was no significant difference in SRFS and CSS. In the Cox regression analysis, tumor multiplicity (p = 0.017), Ki-67 (p = 0.025), cancer subtype (p = 0.034), adjuvant endocrine therapy (p = 0.003), and adjuvant radiation therapy (p < 0.0001) were significant prognostic factors associated with LRFS. CONCLUSION The risk of LR was higher in patients with MIBC than in those with small invasive breast cancer. Therefore, if indicated, adjuvant endocrine and radiation therapies should be administered to prevent undertreatment in patients with MIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Song
- Department of SurgeryKonyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Dong‐Eun Lee
- Biostatistics Collaboration Team, Research Core CenterResearch Institute of National Cancer CenterGoyangRepublic of Korea
| | - So‐Youn Jung
- Department of Surgery, Center of Breast CancerNational Cancer CenterGoyangRepublic of Korea
| | - Seeyoun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Center of Breast CancerNational Cancer CenterGoyangRepublic of Korea
| | - Han‐Sung Kang
- Department of Surgery, Center of Breast CancerNational Cancer CenterGoyangRepublic of Korea
| | - Jai Hong Han
- Department of Surgery, Center of Breast CancerNational Cancer CenterGoyangRepublic of Korea
| | - Jaeyeon Woo
- Department of Surgery, Center of Breast CancerNational Cancer CenterGoyangRepublic of Korea
| | - Eun‐Gyeong Lee
- Department of Surgery, Center of Breast CancerNational Cancer CenterGoyangRepublic of Korea
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3
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Takeda M, Ito H, Kitahata K, Sato S, Nishide A, Gamo K, Managi S, Tezuka T, Yoshizawa A, Kim M. α-Parvin Expression in Breast Cancer Tissues: Correlation with Clinical Parameters and Prognostic Significance. Cells 2024; 13:1572. [PMID: 39329755 PMCID: PMC11430769 DOI: 10.3390/cells13181572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Stromal cells play a critical role in the tumor microenvironment of breast cancer (BC), as they are recruited by tumor cells and regulate the metastatic spread. Though high expression of α-parvin, a member of the parvin family of actin-binding proteins, is reported to be associated with a poor prognosis and metastasis in several cancers, its role in carcinogenesis has not been thoroughly explored. Therefore, we aimed to examine the expression of α-parvin in BC patients by compartmentalizing and quantifying tissues to determine whether α-parvin can be a potential therapeutic target. We performed immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of α-parvin in BC tissues, and the IHC scores were calculated in the overall tissue, stroma, and epithelium using image analysis software. The expression of α-parvin was significantly higher in BC tissues (p = 0.0002) and BC stroma (p < 0.0001) than in normal tissues. Furthermore, all α-parvin scores were significantly positively correlated with the proliferation marker Ki67. The overall and stroma scores are associated with the tumor, (lymph) node, and metastasis (TNM) classification, stage, and grade. These results suggest that high expression of α-parvin in stroma is associated with BCs and might be a new predictive marker for diagnosing BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midori Takeda
- Laboratory of Integrative Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi 606-8501, Kyoto, Japan; (M.T.)
- Urban Institute & Department of Civil Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka-shi 819-0395, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ito
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi 606-8507, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kitahata
- Laboratory of Integrative Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi 606-8501, Kyoto, Japan; (M.T.)
| | - Sota Sato
- Laboratory of Integrative Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi 606-8501, Kyoto, Japan; (M.T.)
| | - Akira Nishide
- Laboratory of Integrative Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi 606-8501, Kyoto, Japan; (M.T.)
| | - Kanae Gamo
- FIMECS, Inc., 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa-shi 251-0012, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Managi
- Urban Institute & Department of Civil Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka-shi 819-0395, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tohru Tezuka
- Laboratory of Integrative Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi 606-8501, Kyoto, Japan; (M.T.)
| | - Akihiko Yoshizawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara-shi 634-8521, Nara, Japan
| | - Minsoo Kim
- Laboratory of Integrative Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi 606-8501, Kyoto, Japan; (M.T.)
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4
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Koon Sun Pat M, Manraj M, Manraj S. Breast cancer survival analysis in the Republic of Mauritius by age, stage at diagnosis and molecular subtype: A retrospective cohort study. Int J Cancer 2024. [PMID: 39243396 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.35172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is by far the leading cancer both in terms of incidence and mortality in the Republic of Mauritius, a Small Island Developing State (SIDS). However, few studies assessed its survival by age, stage at diagnosis and molecular subtype. We identified 1399 breast cancer cases newly diagnosed between 2017 and 2020 at the Central Health Laboratory, Victoria Hospital. Cancers were categorized into five molecular subtypes: (1) luminal A, (2) luminal B Her2 negative, (3) luminal B Her2 positive, (4) Her2 enriched and (5) Triple negative. The net 1 and 3-year survival were estimated for different age groups, staging at time of diagnosis and molecular subtype. We also estimated the excess hazards using a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. While early stage at diagnosis (stage 1 [44.4%] and stage 2 [20.1%]) were most common compared to late presentation (Stage 3 [25.4%] and stage 4 [10.1%]), luminal B Her2 negative (36.7%) was the most frequent molecular subtype. The net 1- and 3-year breast cancer survival rates were 93.9% (92.3-95.4) and 83.4% (80.4-86.4), respectively. Breast cancer three-year survival rates were poorest among the youngest patients (<50 years), 77.1% (70.7-83.5), those diagnosed with stage 4 (28.5% [17.1-39.9]) and cancer with a triple negative molecular subtype (71.3% [63.3-79.3]). Emphasis on a national breast cancer screening programme, down staging breast cancer at diagnosis and systematic molecular subtyping of all breast tissues could be pivotal in improving breast cancer survival outcomes in the Republic of Mauritius.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Koon Sun Pat
- Community Physician, Ministry of Health and Wellness, Port Louis, Mauritius
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Mauritius, Reduit, Mauritius
| | - Meera Manraj
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Mauritius, Reduit, Mauritius
| | - Shyam Manraj
- Central Health Laboratory, Victoria Hospital, Candos, Mauritius
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5
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Banday SZ, Ayub M, Rasool MT, Ahmed SZ, Banday AZ, Naveed S, Guru FR, Mir MH, Akhter S, Bhat MH, Yaseen SB, Afroz F, Bhat GM, Lone MM, Aziz SA. Receptor subtype and outcome of breast cancer - Single-center experience from North India. J Cancer Res Ther 2024; 20:1486-1493. [PMID: 39412912 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_56_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2024]
Abstract
AIMS/OBJECTIVES In resource-limited settings, data regarding the impact of molecular/receptor subtypes on breast cancer (BC) are sparse. In this single-center retrospective study from north India, we analyze the outcomes of various molecular subtypes of BC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Females with biopsy-proven BC who were treated at our State Cancer Institute from 2014-2018 were included. Data regarding clinicopathological parameters and follow-up details were evaluated. For data analysis, cancers were categorized into 4 subtypes: HR+HER2-, HR+HER2+, HR-HER2+, and HR-HER2-. RESULTS Among 944 patients included, HR+HER2- (49.1%) and HR+HER2+ (13.1%) were the most and least common subtypes, respectively. The receptor subtype significantly impacted overall survival (OS). HR+HER2- cancers had the best outcomes while HR-HER2- cancers fared worst (3-yr OS of 94.3% and 69.1%, respectively). On subgroup analysis, the molecular subtype continued to significantly impact OS in patients with tumor grades II and III, disease stages II and III, and age groups of <40 and 40-60 years, respectively (HR-HER2- cancers had the lowest cumulative survival in each subgroup). In patients with metastatic BC, all molecular subtypes except HR+HER2- had a dismal prognosis. CONCLUSIONS Overall and across various subgroups, patients with triple-negative BC had the poorest outcomes. Ensuring optimal treatment utilization including affordable access to personalized tailored therapy is the need of the hour to improve long-term outcomes in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saquib Z Banday
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Cancer Institute (SCI), Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Maniza Ayub
- Department of Pathology, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Malik T Rasool
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Cancer Institute (SCI), Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sheikh Z Ahmed
- Department of Surgical Oncology, State Cancer Institute (SCI), Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Aaqib Z Banday
- Department of Pediatrics, Government Medical College (GMC), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Shah Naveed
- Department of Surgical Oncology, State Cancer Institute (SCI), Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Faisal R Guru
- Department of Medical Oncology (Pediatrics), State Cancer Institute (SCI), Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Mohmad H Mir
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Cancer Institute (SCI), Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Shareefa Akhter
- Department of Pathology, Government Medical College (GMC), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Mudasir H Bhat
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Syed B Yaseen
- Department of Pathology, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Fir Afroz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Cancer Institute (SCI), Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Gull M Bhat
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Cancer Institute (SCI), Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Mohammad M Lone
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Cancer Institute (SCI), Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Shiekh A Aziz
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Cancer Institute (SCI), Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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6
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Roberts A, Hallet J, Nguyen L, Coburn N, Wright FC, Gandhi S, Jerzak K, Eisen A, Look Hong NJ. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for triple-negative and Her2 +ve breast cancer: striving for the standard of care. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024; 206:227-244. [PMID: 38676808 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-024-07282-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for triple-negative (TN) and Her2-positive (HER2) breast cancers is supported by international guidelines as it can decrease extent of surgery, provide prognostic information, and allow response-driven adjuvant therapies. Our goal was to describe practice patterns for patients with TN and HER2-positive breast cancer and identify the factors associated with the receipt of NAC versus surgery as initial treatment. METHODS A retrospective population-based cohort study of adult women diagnosed with stage I-III TN or HER2-positive breast cancer (2012-2020) in Ontario was completed using linked administrative datasets. The primary outcome was NAC as first treatment. The association between NAC and patient, tumor, and practice-related factors was examined using multivariable logistic regression models. RESULTS Of 14,653 patients included, 23.9% (n = 3500) underwent NAC as first treatment. Patients who underwent NAC were more likely to be younger and have larger tumors, node-positive disease, and stage 3 disease. Of patients who underwent surgery first, 8.8% were seen by a medical oncologist prior to surgery. On multivariable analysis, increasing tumor size (T2 vs T1/T0: 2.75 (2.31-3.28)) and node-positive (N1 vs N0: OR 3.54 (2.92-4.30)) disease were both associated increased odds of receiving NAC. CONCLUSION A considerable proportion of patients with TN and HER2-positive breast cancer do not receive NAC as first treatment. Of those, most were not assessed by both a surgeon and medical oncologist prior to initiating therapy. This points toward potential gaps in multidisciplinary assessment and disparities in receipt of guideline-concordant care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Roberts
- Department of Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave, T2-063, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada.
| | - Julie Hallet
- Department of Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave, T2-063, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | | | - Natalie Coburn
- Department of Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave, T2-063, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
- ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Frances C Wright
- Department of Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave, T2-063, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Sonal Gandhi
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave, T2-063, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Katarzyna Jerzak
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave, T2-063, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrea Eisen
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave, T2-063, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nicole J Look Hong
- Department of Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave, T2-063, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
- ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Liu S, Amgad M, More D, Rathore MA, Salgado R, Cooper LAD. A panoptic segmentation dataset and deep-learning approach for explainable scoring of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. NPJ Breast Cancer 2024; 10:52. [PMID: 38942745 PMCID: PMC11213912 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-024-00663-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) have strong prognostic and predictive value in breast cancer, but their visual assessment is subjective. To improve reproducibility, the International Immuno-oncology Working Group recently released recommendations for the computational assessment of TILs that build on visual scoring guidelines. However, existing resources do not adequately address these recommendations due to the lack of annotation datasets that enable joint, panoptic segmentation of tissue regions and cells. Moreover, existing deep-learning methods focus entirely on either tissue segmentation or cell nuclei detection, which complicates the process of TILs assessment by necessitating the use of multiple models and reconciling inconsistent predictions. We introduce PanopTILs, a region and cell-level annotation dataset containing 814,886 nuclei from 151 patients, openly accessible at: sites.google.com/view/panoptils . Using PanopTILs we developed MuTILs, a neural network optimized for assessing TILs in accordance with clinical recommendations. MuTILs is a concept bottleneck model designed to be interpretable and to encourage sensible predictions at multiple resolutions. Using a rigorous internal-external cross-validation procedure, MuTILs achieves an AUROC of 0.93 for lymphocyte detection and a DICE coefficient of 0.81 for tumor-associated stroma segmentation. Our computational score closely matched visual scores from 2 pathologists (Spearman R = 0.58-0.61, p < 0.001). Moreover, computational TILs scores had a higher prognostic value than visual scores, independent of TNM stage and patient age. In conclusion, we introduce a comprehensive open data resource and a modeling approach for detailed mapping of the breast tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangke Liu
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mohamed Amgad
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Deeptej More
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Roberto Salgado
- Department of Pathology, GZA-ZNA Ziekenhuizen, Antwerp, Belgium
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lee A D Cooper
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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8
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Oey O, Wijaya W, Redfern A. Eribulin in breast cancer: Current insights and therapeutic perspectives. World J Exp Med 2024; 14:92558. [PMID: 38948420 PMCID: PMC11212747 DOI: 10.5493/wjem.v14.i2.92558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Eribulin is a non-taxane synthetic analogue approved in many countries as third-line treatment for the treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer. In addition to its mitotic property, eribulin has non-mitotic properties including but not limited to, its ability to induce phenotypic reversal of epithelial to mesenchymal transition, vascular remodelling, reduction in immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment. Since approval, there has been a surge in studies investigating the application of eribulin as an earlier-line treatment and also in combination with other agents such as immunotherapy and targeted therapy across all breast cancer sub-types, including hormone receptor positive, HER2 positive and triple negative breast cancer, many demonstrating promising activity. This review will focus on the application of eribulin in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer across all subtypes including its role as an earlier-line agent, its toxicity profile, and potential future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Oey
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands 6009, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands 6009, WA, Australia
| | - Wynne Wijaya
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sleman 55281, Indonesia
| | - Andrew Redfern
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch 6150, WA, Australia
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9
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Lindgren H, Ademi D, Godina C, Tryggvadottir H, Isaksson K, Jernström H. Potential interplay between tumor size and vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms in breast cancer prognosis: a prospective cohort study. Cancer Causes Control 2024; 35:907-919. [PMID: 38351438 PMCID: PMC11130020 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-023-01845-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitamin D has some anticancer properties that may decrease breast cancer risk and improve prognosis. The aim was to investigate associations between four previously studied VDR SNPs (Taq1, Tru91, Bsm1, and Fok1) and prognosis in different groups of breast cancer patients. METHODS VDR genotyping of 1,017 breast cancer patients included 2002-2012 in Lund, Sweden, was performed using Oncoarray. Follow-up was until June 30, 2019. Clinical data and patient information were collected from medical records and questionnaires. Cox regression was used for survival analyses. RESULTS Genotype frequencies were as follows: Fok1 (AA 15.7%, AG 49.1%, GG 35.1%), Bsm1 (CC 37.2%, CT 46.1%, TT 16.7%), Tru91 (CC 77.8%, CT 20.7%, TT 1.5%), and Taq1 (AA 37.2%, AG 46.2%, GG 16.6%). During follow-up there were 195 breast cancer events. The homozygous variants of Taq1 and Bsm1 were associated with reduced risk of breast cancer events (adjusted HR = 0.59, 95% CI 0.38-0.92 for Taq1 and adjusted HR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.40-0.94 for Bsm1). The G allele of the Fok1 was associated with increased risk of breast cancer events in small tumors (pT1, adjusted HR = 1.83, 95% CI 1.04-3.23) but not in large tumors (pT2/3/4, adjusted HR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.41-1.59) with a borderline interaction (Pinteraction = 0.058). No interactions between VDR genotypes and adjuvant treatments regarding breast cancer prognosis were detected. CONCLUSION VDR genotypes were associated with breast cancer prognosis and the association might be modified by tumor size. Further research is needed to confirm the findings and elucidate their potential clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hampus Lindgren
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Barngatan 4, SE 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - David Ademi
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Barngatan 4, SE 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christopher Godina
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Barngatan 4, SE 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Helga Tryggvadottir
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Barngatan 4, SE 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karolin Isaksson
- Division of Surgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Lund University, SE 221 85, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, Kristianstad Hospital, J A Hedlunds väg 5, SE 291 33, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Helena Jernström
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Barngatan 4, SE 221 85, Lund, Sweden.
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10
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Abdul Rahman H, Zaim SNN, Suhaimei US, Jamain AA. Prognostic Factors Associated with Breast Cancer-Specific Survival from 1995 to 2022: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 1,386,663 Cases from 30 Countries. Diseases 2024; 12:111. [PMID: 38920543 PMCID: PMC11203054 DOI: 10.3390/diseases12060111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the fifth-ranked cancer globally. Despite early diagnosis and advances in treatment, breast cancer mortality is increasing. This meta-analysis aims to examine all possible prognostic factors that improve/deteriorate breast cancer-specific survival. MEDLINE, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Ovid, and Google Scholar were systematically searched until September 16, 2023. The retrieved studies from 1995 to 2022 accumulated 1,386,663 cases from 30 countries. A total of 13 out of 22 prognostic factors were significantly associated with breast cancer-specific survival. A random-effects model provided a pooled estimate of the top five poorest prognostic factors, including Stage 4 (HR = 12.12; 95% CI: 5.70, 25.76), followed by Stage 3 (HR = 3.42, 95% CI: 2.51, 4.67), a comorbidity index ≥ 3 (HR = 3.29; 95% CI: 4.52, 7.35), the poor differentiation of cancer cell histology (HR = 2.43; 95% CI: 1.79, 3.30), and undifferentiated cancer cell histology (HR = 2.24; 95% CI: 1.66, 3.01). Other survival-reducing factors include positive nodes, age, race, HER2-receptor positivity, and overweight/obesity. The top five best prognostic factors include different types of mastectomies and breast-conserving therapies (HR = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.70), medullary histology (HR = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.53, 0.72), higher education (HR = 0.72; 95% CI: 0.68, 0.77), and a positive estrogen receptor status (HR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.65, 0.94). Heterogeneity was observed in most studies. Data from developing countries are still scarce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanif Abdul Rahman
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Tungku Link Road, Gadong BE1410, Brunei; (S.N.N.Z.); (U.S.S.); (A.A.J.)
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11
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Athwal H, Kochiyanil A, Bhat V, Allan AL, Parsyan A. Centrosomes and associated proteins in pathogenesis and treatment of breast cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1370565. [PMID: 38606093 PMCID: PMC11007099 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1370565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy among women worldwide. Despite significant advances in treatment, it remains one of the leading causes of female mortality. The inability to effectively treat advanced and/or treatment-resistant breast cancer demonstrates the need to develop novel treatment strategies and targeted therapies. Centrosomes and their associated proteins have been shown to play key roles in the pathogenesis of breast cancer and thus represent promising targets for drug and biomarker development. Centrosomes are fundamental cellular structures in the mammalian cell that are responsible for error-free execution of cell division. Centrosome amplification and aberrant expression of its associated proteins such as Polo-like kinases (PLKs), Aurora kinases (AURKs) and Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) have been observed in various cancers, including breast cancer. These aberrations in breast cancer are thought to cause improper chromosomal segregation during mitosis, leading to chromosomal instability and uncontrolled cell division, allowing cancer cells to acquire new genetic changes that result in evasion of cell death and the promotion of tumor formation. Various chemical compounds developed against PLKs and AURKs have shown meaningful antitumorigenic effects in breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism of action of these inhibitors is likely related to exacerbation of numerical genomic instability, such as aneuploidy or polyploidy. Furthermore, growing evidence demonstrates enhanced antitumorigenic effects when inhibitors specific to centrosome-associated proteins are used in combination with either radiation or chemotherapy drugs in breast cancer. This review focuses on the current knowledge regarding the roles of centrosome and centrosome-associated proteins in breast cancer pathogenesis and their utility as novel targets for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harjot Athwal
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Arpitha Kochiyanil
- Faculty of Science, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Vasudeva Bhat
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Alison L. Allan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Armen Parsyan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, St. Joseph’s Health Care London and London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada
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12
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Hoshi N, Uemura T, Tachibana K, Abe S, Murakami-Nishimagi Y, Okano M, Noda M, Saito K, Kono K, Ohtake T, Waguri S. Endosomal protein expression of γ1-adaptin is associated with tumor growth activity and relapse-free survival in breast cancer. Breast Cancer 2024; 31:305-316. [PMID: 38265632 PMCID: PMC10902087 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-023-01539-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND γ1-Adaptin is a subunit of adaptor protein complex-1 (AP-1), which regulates intracellular transport between the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and endosomes. Since expression levels of AP-1 subunits have been reported to be associated with cell proliferation and cancer malignancy, we investigated the relationships between the immunohistochemical expression of γ1-adaptin and both clinicopathological factors and relapse-free survival (RFS) in breast cancer tissue. MATERIALS AND METHODS SK-BR-3 cell line depleted of γ1-adaptin was used for cell proliferation, migration, and invasion assay. Intracellular localization of γ1-adaptin was examined with immunohistochemistry (IHC) using an antibody against γ1-adaptin, and with double immunohistofluorescence (IHF) microscopy using markers for the TGN and endosome. γ1-Adaptin intensities in IHC samples from 199 primary breast cancer patients were quantified and assessed in relation to clinicopathological factors and RFS. RESULTS Cell growth, migration, and invasion of SK-BR-3 cells were significantly suppressed by the depletion of γ1-adaptin. Although the staining patterns in the cancer tissues varied among cases by IHC, double IHF demonstrated that γ1-adaptin was mainly localized in EEA1-positive endosomes, but not in the TGN. γ1-Adaptin intensity was significantly higher in the tumor regions than in non-tumor regions. It was also higher in patients with Ki-67 (high), ER (-), PgR (-), and HER2 (+). Among subtypes of breast cancer, γ1-adaptin intensity was higher in HER2 than in luminal A or luminal B. The results of the survival analysis indicated that high γ1-adaptin intensity was significantly associated with worse RFS, and this association was also observed in group with ER (+), PgR (+), HER2 (-), Ki-67 (high), or luminal B. In addition, the Cox proportional hazards model showed that high γ1-adaptin intensity was an independent prognostic factor. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the endosomal expression of γ1-adaptin is positively correlated with breast cancer malignancy and could be a novel prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Hoshi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Takefumi Uemura
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kazunoshin Tachibana
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Sadahiko Abe
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yuko Murakami-Nishimagi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Maiko Okano
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Masaru Noda
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Katsuharu Saito
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Koji Kono
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tohru Ohtake
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Satoshi Waguri
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.
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13
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Ngô TM, Lê ÁN, Đinh DPH. The Impact of Chemotherapy on Cardiovascular Mortality across Breast Cancer Subtypes. Curr Oncol 2024; 31:649-659. [PMID: 38392041 PMCID: PMC10887634 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31020047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is associated with cardiovascular mortality as an adverse effect of chemotherapy. Considering the variances across breast cancer subtypes, this study aims to investigate the cardiovascular mortality patterns in each subtype. METHODS This retrospective study used the SEER database of chemotherapy-receiving breast cancer patients (diagnosed in 2013-2020). The study population was categorized by cancer subtype, stage, patient age, and cause of death (COD). The percentage of cardiovascular CODs, odds ratio (ORs), 5-year cumulative crude probability of death, and standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) of each group were analyzed. RESULTS Among 23,263 nonsurviving breast cancer patients, 5.8% died from cardiovascular disease, whereas the HER2+/HR+ and HER2+/HR- subtypes exhibited the highest ORs of cardiovascular death and percentages of cardiovascular CODs, at 8.21% and 6.55%, respectively. The cardiovascular SMR increased with advancing stages and decreasing patient age. The HER2+/HR- subtype had the highest cardiovascular SMR, at 0.83 (p < 0.05), followed by TNBC, at 0.78 (p < 0.05). The 5-year cumulative probability of cardiovascular CODs also showed the highest risk in the HER2+/HR- subtype (1.02 ± 0.11%) and the TNBC subtype (0.95 ± 0.07%). CONCLUSION Breast cancer patients on chemotherapy face an elevated cardiovascular mortality risk, especially with aggressive subtypes (HER2-enriched, TNBC), advanced age, or HER2+/HR+ cancer receiving long-term treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toàn Minh Ngô
- Gyula Petrányi Doctoral School of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Medical Imaging Clinic, Clinical Centre, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ánh Ngọc Lê
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.N.L.)
| | - Dương Phạm Hoàng Đinh
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.N.L.)
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14
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Berkel C. Estrogen receptor- and progesterone receptor-positive breast tumors have higher mRNA levels of NR3C1 and ZBTB16, with implications in prognosis for luminal A subtype. Hum Cell 2024; 37:376-379. [PMID: 37999919 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-01014-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Caglar Berkel
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey.
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15
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Topa J, Żaczek AJ, Markiewicz A. Isolation of Viable Epithelial and Mesenchymal Circulating Tumor Cells from Breast Cancer Patients. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2752:43-52. [PMID: 38194026 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3621-3_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) may exhibit more aggressive features than epithelial CTCs and are more frequently observed during disease progression. Therefore, detection and characterization of both epithelial and mesenchymal CTCs in cancer patients are urgently needed to allow for a better understanding of the metastatic process and more effective treatment. Here we describe a method for detection and isolation of viable epithelial and mesenchymal CTCs from peripheral blood of breast cancer patients. The method is based on density gradient centrifugation, multiplex immunofluorescent staining, and negative anti-CD45 selection. Cells obtained after the procedure are suitable for genomic or transcriptomic profiling, and they can also be isolated by micromanipulation for single-cell analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Topa
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna J Żaczek
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Markiewicz
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
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16
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Hassanzadeh Makoui M, Mobini M, Fekri S, Geranpayeh L, Moradi Tabriz H, Madjd Z, Kalantari E, Hosseini M, Hosseini M, Golsaz-Shirazi F, Jeddi-Tehrani M, Zarnani AH, Amiri MM, Shokri F. Clinico-Pathological and Prognostic Significance of a Combination of Tumor Biomarkers in Iranian Patients With Breast Cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2024; 24:e9-e19.e9. [PMID: 37863762 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2023.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. It is a multifaceted malignancy with different histopathological and biological features. Molecular biomarkers play an essential role in accurate diagnosis, classification, prognosis, prediction of treatment response, and cancer surveillance. This study investigated the clinico-pathological and prognostic significance of HER3 and ROR1 in breast cancer samples. METHODS Tissue microarrays (TMA) were constructed using tissue blocks of 444 Iranian breast cancer patients diagnosed with breast cancer. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were assessed after 5 years follow-up. TMA slides were stained with monoclonal antibodies against ROR1, HER3, ER, PR, Ki67, P53, HER2 and CK5/6 using IHC and correlation between the investigated tumor markers and the clinico-pathological parameters of patients were analyzed. RESULTS Our results showed a significant correlation between ROR1 and ER, PR, HER3, and CK5/6 expression. Additionally, there was a significant correlation between HER3 and ER, PR, HER2, and Ki67 expression. Ki67 was also correlated with HER2 and P53 expression. HER3 expression was significantly correlated with tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, perineural invasion, and multifocal tumors. Furthermore, ROR1 expression was significantly associated with tumor metastasis, lympho-vascular invasion, and perineural invasion. While HER2-HER3 coexpression was significantly associated with poor OS, HER3-ROR1 coexpression was associated with lymph node invasion, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis. CONCLUSION ROR1 and HER3 displayed significant association with different clinic-pathological features and in addition to the other tumor biomarkers could be considered as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Hassanzadeh Makoui
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mobini
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shiva Fekri
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Lobat Geranpayeh
- Department of Surgery, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Madjd
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Kalantari
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Hosseini
- Department of Pathology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Hosseini
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Forough Golsaz-Shirazi
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Jeddi-Tehrani
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, The Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir-Hassan Zarnani
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Amiri
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fazel Shokri
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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17
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Dunlop HM, Williams LJ, Hall PS, Barber M, Dodds C, Figueroa JD. Evaluation of the association of area-level socioeconomic deprivation and breast cancer recurrence by oestrogen receptor subtypes in Scotland. Breast Cancer Res 2023; 25:106. [PMID: 37784154 PMCID: PMC10546786 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-023-01704-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women from socioeconomically deprived areas have lower breast cancer (BC) incidence rates for screen-detected oestrogen receptor (ER) + tumours and higher mortality for select tumour subtypes. We aimed to determine if ipsilateral breast cancer recurrence (IBR) differs by Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD) quintile and tumour subtype in Scotland. METHODS Patient data for primary invasive BC diagnosed in 2007-2008 in Scotland was analysed. Manual case-note review for 3495 patients from 10 years post-diagnosis was used. To determine the probability of IBR while accounting for the competing risk of death from any cause, cumulative incidence functions stratified by ER subtype and surgery were plotted. Multivariable Cox Proportional Hazards models were used to estimate the association of SIMD accounting for other predictors of IBR. RESULTS Among 2819 ER + tumours, 423 patients had a recurrence and 438 died. SIMD was related to death (p = 0.018) with the most deprived more likely to have died in the 10-year period (17.7% vs. 12.9%). We found no significant differences by SIMD in prognostic tumour characteristics (grade, TNM stage, treatment, screen-detection) or risk of IBR. Among 676 patients diagnosed with ER- tumours, 105 died and 185 had a recurrence. We found no significant differences in prognostic tumour characteristics by SIMD except screen detection with the most deprived more likely than the least to have their tumours detected from screening (46.9% vs. 28%, p = 0.03). Among patients with ER- tumours, 50% had mastectomy and the most deprived had increased 5-year IBR risk compared to the least deprived (HR 3.03 [1.41-6.53]). CONCLUSIONS IBR is not a major contributor to mortality differences by SIMD for the majority of BC patients in our study. The lack of inequities in IBR are likely due to standardised treatment protocols and access to healthcare. The association with socioeconomic deprivation and recurrence for ER- tumours requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley M Dunlop
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Linda J Williams
- Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit, The Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UX, UK
| | - Peter S Hall
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Matthew Barber
- Edinburgh Breast Unit, NHS Lothian, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Jonine D Figueroa
- Centre for Global Health, The Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK.
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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18
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Gupta SRR, Ta TM, Khan M, Singh A, Singh IK, Peethambaran B. Identification and validation of a small molecule targeting ROR1 for the treatment of triple negative breast cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1243763. [PMID: 37779899 PMCID: PMC10534069 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1243763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, with roughly 10-15% of new cases classified as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Traditional chemotherapies are often toxic to normal cells. Therefore, it is important to discover new anticancer compounds that target TNBC while causing minimal damage to normal cells. Receptor tyrosine kinase-like Orphan Receptor 1 (ROR1) is an oncofetal protein overexpressed in numerous human malignancies, including TNBC. This study investigated potential small molecules targeting ROR1. Methodology: Using AutoDock Vina and Glide, we screened 70,000 chemicals for our investigation. We obtained 10 representative compounds via consensus voting, deleting structural alerts, and clustering. After manual assessment, compounds 2 and 4 were chosen for MD simulation and cell viability experiment. Compound 4 showed promising results in the viability assay, which led us to move further with the apoptosis assay and immunoblotting. Results: Compound 4 (CID1261330) had docking scores of -6.635 and -10.8. It fits into the pocket and shows interactions with GLU64, ASP174, and PHE93. Its RMSD fluctuates around 0.20 nm and forms two stable H-bonds indicating compound 4 stability. It inhibits cell proliferation in MDA-MB-231, HCC1937, and HCC1395 cell lines, with IC50 values of approximately 2 μM to 10 μM, respectively. Compound 4 did not kill non-malignant epithelial breast cells MCF-10A (IC50 > 27 μM). These results were confirmed by the significant number of apoptotic cells in MDA-MB-231 cells (47.6%) but not in MCF-10A cells (7.3%). Immunoblot analysis provided additional support in the same direction. Discussion: These findings collectively suggest that compound 4 has the potential to effectively eliminate TNBC cells while causing minimal harm to normal breast cells. The promising outcomes of this study lay the groundwork for further testing of compound 4 in other malignancies characterized by ROR1 upregulation, serving as a proof-of-concept for its broader applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shradheya R. R. Gupta
- Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Tram M. Ta
- Department of Biology, Saint Joseph’s University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Maryam Khan
- Department of Biology, Saint Joseph’s University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Archana Singh
- Department of Botany, Hans Raj College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Indrakant K. Singh
- Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
- Delhi School of Public Health, Institute of Eminence, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Bela Peethambaran
- Department of Biology, Saint Joseph’s University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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19
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Doha ZO, Wang X, Calistri NL, Eng J, Daniel CJ, Ternes L, Kim EN, Pelz C, Munks M, Betts C, Kwon S, Bucher E, Li X, Waugh T, Tatarova Z, Blumberg D, Ko A, Kirchberger N, Pietenpol JA, Sanders ME, Langer EM, Dai MS, Mills G, Chin K, Chang YH, Coussens LM, Gray JW, Heiser LM, Sears RC. MYC Deregulation and PTEN Loss Model Tumor and Stromal Heterogeneity of Aggressive Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5665. [PMID: 37704631 PMCID: PMC10499828 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40841-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients have a poor prognosis and few treatment options. Mouse models of TNBC are important for development of new therapies, however, few mouse models represent the complexity of TNBC. Here, we develop a female TNBC murine model by mimicking two common TNBC mutations with high co-occurrence: amplification of the oncogene MYC and deletion of the tumor suppressor PTEN. This Myc;Ptenfl model develops heterogeneous triple-negative mammary tumors that display histological and molecular features commonly found in human TNBC. Our research involves deep molecular and spatial analyses on Myc;Ptenfl tumors including bulk and single-cell RNA-sequencing, and multiplex tissue-imaging. Through comparison with human TNBC, we demonstrate that this genetic mouse model develops mammary tumors with differential survival and therapeutic responses that closely resemble the inter- and intra-tumoral and microenvironmental heterogeneity of human TNBC, providing a pre-clinical tool for assessing the spectrum of patient TNBC biology and drug response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zinab O Doha
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of medical laboratory technology, Taibah University, Al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Nicholas L Calistri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jennifer Eng
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Colin J Daniel
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Luke Ternes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Eun Na Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Carl Pelz
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Michael Munks
- Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Courtney Betts
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Sunjong Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Elmar Bucher
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Xi Li
- Division of Oncologic Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Trent Waugh
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Zuzana Tatarova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Dylan Blumberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Aaron Ko
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Nell Kirchberger
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jennifer A Pietenpol
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Melinda E Sanders
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ellen M Langer
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Mu-Shui Dai
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Gordon Mills
- Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Oncologic Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Koei Chin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Young Hwan Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Lisa M Coussens
- Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Joe W Gray
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Laura M Heiser
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Rosalie C Sears
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
- Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
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20
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Lefebvre C, Pellizzari S, Bhat V, Jurcic K, Litchfield DW, Allan AL. Involvement of the AKT Pathway in Resistance to Erlotinib and Cabozantinib in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2406. [PMID: 37760847 PMCID: PMC10525382 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) presents a significant challenge in therapeutic target development for cancers such as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), where conventional therapies are ineffective at combatting systemic disease. Due to increased expression, the receptor tyrosine kinases EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) and c-Met are potential targets for treatment. However, targeted anti-EGFR and anti-c-Met therapies have faced mixed results in clinical trials due to acquired resistance. We hypothesize that adaptive responses in regulatory kinase networks within the EGFR and c-Met signaling axes contribute to the development of acquired erlotinib and cabozantinib resistance. To test this, we developed two separate models for cabozantinib and erlotinib resistance using the MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cell lines, respectively. We observed that erlotinib- or cabozantinib-resistant cell lines demonstrate enhanced cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and activation of EGFR or c-Met downstream signaling (respectively). Using a SILAC (Stable Isotope Labeling of Amino acids in Cell Culture)-labeled quantitative mass spectrometry proteomics approach, we assessed the effects of erlotinib or cabozantinib resistance on the phosphoproteome, proteome, and kinome. Using this integrated proteomics approach, we identified several potential kinase mediators of cabozantinib resistance and confirmed the contribution of AKT1 to erlotinib resistance in TNBC-resistant cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory Lefebvre
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada; (C.L.); (S.P.); (V.B.)
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Sierra Pellizzari
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada; (C.L.); (S.P.); (V.B.)
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Vasudeva Bhat
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada; (C.L.); (S.P.); (V.B.)
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Kristina Jurcic
- Department of Biochemistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; (K.J.); (D.W.L.)
| | - David W. Litchfield
- Department of Biochemistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; (K.J.); (D.W.L.)
- Department of Oncology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Alison L. Allan
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada; (C.L.); (S.P.); (V.B.)
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
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21
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Gross-Erne M, Zimmerli L, Bassetti S, Li Q, Feller A, Mingrone W. A long-term retrospective observational study at a medium-sized medical oncology service in Switzerland: comparison of overall survival with a national cohort and adherence to treatment guidelines. Swiss Med Wkly 2023; 153:40091. [PMID: 37459836 DOI: 10.57187/smw.2023.40091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS There is a lack of national and international publicly available long-term survival outcome data from individual healthcare providers in medical oncology. In this study, the overall survival at a medium-sized medical oncology service at Olten Cantonal Hospital was evaluated and compared as a local benchmark report with national data from the Swiss Cancer Registries. Furthermore, adherence to treatment guidelines was investigated as an additional quality indicator. METHODS The 1- and 5-year overall survival of all patients with breast cancer, testicular cancer, colon cancer, non-small-cell lung cancer, Hodgkin lymphoma, and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in Switzerland from 2008 to 2017 with at least one outpatient visit at the in-house medical oncology service at Olten Cantonal Hospital was analysed and compared with the specific overall population-based outcome data provided by the National Agency for Cancer Registration (NACR), which were set as a national benchmark. Until 2020, no data from the Canton of Solothurn, to which Olten belongs, were reported to the NACR. Further, adherence to internationally recognized clinical guidelines for stage-specific treatment was assessed. RESULTS Until September 8, 2020, data on 842 patients with a median follow-up period of 70 months were collected and analysed. The 1- and 5-year overall survival for colon and non-small cell cancer, Hodgkin lymphoma, and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and the 5-year overall survival for testicular cancer in the Olten cohort did not significantly differ from the NACR data. The 1-year overall survival for testicular cancer was not comparable statistically. The 5-year overall survival for breast cancer (unadjusted for stage) was significantly higher in the NACR collective (84.5%) than in the Olten collective (79.7%) but not for the individual breast cancer stages. The Olten collective included approximately 2.5 times as many patients with stage 4 breast cancer (17.5%) as the NACR collective (6.9%). Approximately 92.4% of the patients in the curative setting and 85.8% of the patients in the palliative setting received first-line treatment according to guidelines. CONCLUSIONS The statistically comparable local 1- and 5-year overall survival of the analysed malignancies, with adjustment for stage for the 5-year overall survival for breast cancer, is in line with the national benchmark. Adherence to treatment guidelines is high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam Gross-Erne
- Division of Medical Oncology, Kantonsspital Olten, Olten, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Zimmerli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kantonsspital Olten, Olten, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Bassetti
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Qiyu Li
- SAKK Coordinating Center, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anita Feller
- Foundation National Institute for Cancer Epidemiology and Registration (NICER), Zurich, Switzerland
- National Agency for Cancer Registration (NACR) operated by NICER, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Walter Mingrone
- Division of Medical Oncology, Kantonsspital Olten, Olten, Switzerland
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22
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Kadi MS, Alhebshi AH, Shabkah AA, Alzahrani WA, Enani GN, Samkari AA, Iskanderani O, Saleem AM, Farsi AH, Trabulsi NH. Histopathological Patterns and Outcomes of Triple-Positive Versus Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Cancer Center. Cureus 2023; 15:e42389. [PMID: 37621828 PMCID: PMC10446888 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background One of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in females under 45 years old is breast cancer (BC). The definition of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the lack of expression of estrogen receptors (ERs) as well as progesterone receptors (PRs) and Erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (HER2) gene amplification. Triple-positive breast cancer (TPBC), on the other hand, is defined as tumors expressing a high level of ER, PR, and HER2 receptors. This study aims to assess the phenotypes of TNBC and TPBC by comparing their individual clinical behavior patterns and prognosis throughout the course of the disease in a tertiary cancer center in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Methods Our study is a retrospective study using electronic medical records (EMRs) to identify all female patients diagnosed with BC using the International Classification of Diseases-10 (ICD-10) codes (between C50 and C50.9). About 1209 cases with primary BC female patients were recognized based on histopathology reports. Further subclassification into TPBC and TNBC was performed. Statistical analysis was performed using Rv3.6.2 (R Studio, version 3.5.2, Boston, MA, USA). The descriptive data were presented as means and standard deviations (SD). Survival curves were approximated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The comparison between survival curves between both groups was achieved using the log-rank test. The multivariate model was constructed based on the identified predictors using univariate analysis. Results Univariate analysis of overall survival (OS) showed that mortality was higher in TNBC compared to TPBC (HR = 2.82, P-value <0.05). However, in a multivariate analysis, molecular subtypes did not show a significant effect on OS with a P-value of 0.94. We found that age at diagnosis has been associated with a 4% increase in mortality risk with a yearly rise in age. Conclusion In this limited retrospective cohort study, we found that TNBC may not be associated with a higher risk of death than TPBC. However, other factors, including age at diagnosis, surgical intervention, and lymphovascular invasion (LVI), have been observed to increase the risk of mortality. On the other hand, patients with TNBC were found to have a worse prognosis in terms of local recurrence. This information cannot be generalized to all patients with BC given the limitations of this study. Further, larger cohorts are needed to explore biological and treatment-related outcomes in patients with TNBC and TPBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai S Kadi
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | | | - Alaa A Shabkah
- Department of Surgery, International Medical Center, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Walaa A Alzahrani
- Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Ghada N Enani
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Ali A Samkari
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Omar Iskanderani
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Abdulaziz M Saleem
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Ali H Farsi
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Nora H Trabulsi
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
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23
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Zdanowski A, Sartor H, Feldt M, Skarping I. Mammographic density in relation to breast cancer recurrence and survival in women receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1177310. [PMID: 37388229 PMCID: PMC10304818 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1177310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The association between mammographic density (MD) and breast cancer (BC) recurrence and survival remains unclear. Patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) are in a vulnerable situation with the tumor within the breast during treatment. This study evaluated the association between MD and recurrence/survival in BC patients treated with NACT. Methods Patients with BC treated with NACT in Sweden (2005-2016) were retrospectively included (N=302). Associations between MD (Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) 5th Edition) and recurrence-free/BC-specific survival at follow-up (Q1 2022) were addressed. Hazard ratios (HRs) for recurrence/BC-specific survival (BI-RADS a/b/c vs. d) were estimated using Cox regression analysis and adjusted for age, estrogen receptor status, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status, axillary lymph node status, tumor size, and complete pathological response. Results A total of 86 recurrences and 64 deaths were recorded. The adjusted models showed that patients with BI-RADS d vs. BI-RADS a/b/c had an increased risk of recurrence (HR 1.96 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.98-3.92)) and an increased risk of BC-specific death (HR 2.94 (95% CI 1.43-6.06)). Conclusion These findings raise questions regarding personalized follow-up for BC patients with extremely dense breasts (BI-RADS d) pre-NACT. More extensive studies are required to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hanna Sartor
- Department of Translational Medicine, Diagnostic Radiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund/Malmö, Sweden
| | - Maria Feldt
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ida Skarping
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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24
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Zhong Y, Li F, Zhang S, Yang Z, Ren X, Cao X, Xu Y, Guo D, Zhou Y, Mao F, Shen S, Sun Q. Syndecan-1 as an immunogene in Triple-negative breast cancer: regulation tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte in the tumor microenviroment and EMT by TGFb1/Smad pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:76. [PMID: 37069585 PMCID: PMC10111802 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02917-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors are the most studied forms of immunotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The Cancer Genome Map (TCGA) and METABRIC project provide large-scale cancer samples that can be used for comprehensive and reliable immunity-related gene research. METHODS We analyzed data from TCGA and METABRIC and established an immunity-related gene prognosis model for breast cancer. The SDC1 expression in tumor and cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) was then observed in 282 TNBC patients by immunohistochemistry. The effects of SDC1 on MDA-MB-231 proliferation, migration and invasion were evaluated. Qualitative real-time PCR and western blotting were performed to identify mRNA and protein expression, respectively. RESULTS SDC1, as a key immunity-related gene, was significantly correlated with survival in the TCGA and METABRIC databases, while SDC1 was found to be highly expressed in TNBC in the METABRIC database. In the TNBC cohort, patients with high SDC1 expression in tumor cells and low expression in CAFs had significantly lower disease-free survival (DFS) and fewer tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). The downregulation of SDC1 decreased the proliferation of MDA-MB-231, while promoting the migration of MDA-MB-231 cells by reducing the gene expression of E-cadherin and TGFb1 and activating p-Smad2 and p-Smad3 expression. CONCLUSION SDC1 is a key immunity-related gene that is highly expressed TNBC patients. Patients with high SDC1 expression in tumors and low expression in CAFs had poor prognoses and low TILs. Our findings also suggest that SDC1 regulates the migration of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells through a TGFb1-Smad and E-cadherin-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhong
- Department of Breast Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Fangyuan Li
- Medical Research Central, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
- Clinical Biobank, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Sumei Zhang
- Medical Research Central, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
- Clinical Biobank, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zhenli Yang
- Cell Resource Center, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, No. 5 Dongdansantiao, Dongcheng, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xinyu Ren
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xi Cao
- Department of Breast Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yali Xu
- Department of Breast Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Dan Guo
- Medical Research Central, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
- Clinical Biobank, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yidong Zhou
- Department of Breast Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Feng Mao
- Department of Breast Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Songjie Shen
- Department of Breast Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of Breast Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China.
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25
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Chasimpha S, dos Santos Silva I, Martei YM, Grover S, Cubasch H, McCormack V. Survival Disparities Between Patients with Breast Cancer With and Without HIV: A Research Framework. JCO Glob Oncol 2023; 9:e2200330. [PMID: 37075268 PMCID: PMC10281420 DOI: 10.1200/go.22.00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Steady Chasimpha
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Isabel dos Santos Silva
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yehoda M. Martei
- Department of Medicine (Hematology-Oncology), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Surbhi Grover
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Herbert Cubasch
- Department of Surgery, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Valerie McCormack
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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26
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Nguyen HM, Paulishak W, Oladejo M, Wood L. Dynamic tumor microenvironment, molecular heterogeneity, and distinct immunologic portrait of triple-negative breast cancer: an impact on classification and treatment approaches. Breast Cancer 2023; 30:167-186. [PMID: 36399321 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-022-01415-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the lack of a definite targetable receptor in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has carved a niche for this cancer as a particularly therapeutically challenging form of breast cancer. However, recent advances in high-throughput genomic analysis have provided new insights into the unique microenvironment and defining characteristics of various subsets of TNBC. This improved understanding has contributed to the development of novel therapeutic strategies including targeted therapies such as PARP inhibitors and CDK inhibitors. Moreover, the recent FDA approval of the immune checkpoint inhibitor against programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), pembrolizumab and atezolizumab, holds the promise of improving the quality of life and increasing the overall survival of TNBC patients. This recent approval is one of the many therapeutically novel strategies that are currently being exploited in clinical trials toward eventual contribution to the oncologist's toolbox against TNBC. In this review, we comprehensively discuss TNBC's distinct TME and its immunophenotype. Furthermore, we highlight the histological and molecular classification of this cancer. More importantly, we describe how these characteristics and classifications contribute to the current standards of care and how they steer the development of newer and more targeted therapies toward achieving peak therapeutic goals in the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-My Nguyen
- Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Abilene, TX, 79601, USA
| | - Wyatt Paulishak
- Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Abilene, TX, 79601, USA
| | - Mariam Oladejo
- Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Abilene, TX, 79601, USA
| | - Laurence Wood
- Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Abilene, TX, 79601, USA.
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27
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Mohamed GA, Mahmood S, Ognjenovic NB, Lee MK, Wilkins OM, Christensen BC, Muller KE, Pattabiraman DR. Lineage plasticity enables low-ER luminal tumors to evolve and gain basal-like traits. Breast Cancer Res 2023; 25:23. [PMID: 36859337 PMCID: PMC9979432 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-023-01621-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Stratifying breast cancer into specific molecular or histologic subtypes aids in therapeutic decision-making and predicting outcomes; however, these subtypes may not be as distinct as previously thought. Patients with luminal-like, estrogen receptor (ER)-expressing tumors have better prognosis than patients with more aggressive, triple-negative or basal-like tumors. There is, however, a subset of luminal-like tumors that express lower levels of ER, which exhibit more basal-like features. We have found that breast tumors expressing lower levels of ER, traditionally considered to be luminal-like, represent a distinct subset of breast cancer characterized by the emergence of basal-like features. Lineage tracing of low-ER tumors in the MMTV-PyMT mouse mammary tumor model revealed that basal marker-expressing cells arose from normal luminal epithelial cells, suggesting that luminal-to-basal plasticity is responsible for the evolution and emergence of basal-like characteristics. This plasticity allows tumor cells to gain a new lumino-basal phenotype, thus leading to intratumoral lumino-basal heterogeneity. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed SOX10 as a potential driver for this plasticity, which is known among breast tumors to be almost exclusively expressed in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and was also found to be highly expressed in low-ER tumors. These findings suggest that basal-like tumors may result from the evolutionary progression of luminal tumors with low ER expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gadisti Aisha Mohamed
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Sundis Mahmood
- Department of Pathology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA
| | - Nevena B Ognjenovic
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Min Kyung Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Owen M Wilkins
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
- Dartmouth Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA
| | - Brock C Christensen
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
- Dartmouth Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA
| | - Kristen E Muller
- Department of Pathology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA.
| | - Diwakar R Pattabiraman
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA.
- Dartmouth Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA.
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28
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Benítez R, Yu K, Sirota M, Malats N, Pineda S. Characterization of the tumor-infiltrating immune repertoire in muscle invasive bladder cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:986598. [PMID: 36817478 PMCID: PMC9936234 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.986598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is a heterogeneous disease with several taxonomic molecular subtypes showing different genetic, clinical, and epidemiological profiles. It has been suggested that MIBC-subtypes follow different tumorigenesis pathways playing decisive roles at different stages of tumor development, resulting in distinct tumor microenvironment containing both innate and adaptive immune cells (T and B lymphocytes). We aim to characterize the MIBC tumor microenvironment by analyzing the tumor-infiltrating B and T cell repertoire according to the taxonomic molecular subtypes. Methods RNAseq data from 396 MIBC samples included in TCGA were considered. The subtype information was collected from the international consensus taxonomic classification describing six subtypes: Basal/Squamous-like (Ba/Sq), Luminal papillary (LumP), Luminal non-Specify (LumNS), Luminal unstable (LumU), Stroma-rich, and Neuroendocrine-like (NE-like). Using MiXCR, we mapped the RNA read sequences to their respective B-cell receptor (BCR) and T-cell receptor (TCR) clonotypes. To evaluate the BCR and TCR differences among subtypes, we compared diversity measures (richness and diversity) using a Wilcoxon test and we performed a network analysis to characterize the clonal expansion. For the survival analysis stratified by subtypes, Cox regression models adjusted for age, region, and pathological stage were performed. Results Overall, we found different patterns of tumor-infiltrating immune repertoire among the different MIBC subtypes. Stroma-rich and Ba/Sq tumors showed the highest BCR and TCR infiltration while LumP showed the lowest. In addition, we observed that the Ba/Sq and Stroma-rich tumors were more clonally expanded than the Luminal subtypes. Moreover, higher TCR richness and diversity were significantly associated with better survival in the Stroma-rich and Ba/Sq subtypes. Discussion This study provides evidence that MIBC subtypes present differences in the tumor microenvironment, in particular, the Ba/Sq and the Stroma-rich are related with a higher tumoral-infiltrating immune repertoire, which seems to be translated into better survival. Determining the causes of the different tumoral-infiltrating immune repertoire according to the MIBC molecular subtypes will help to improve our understanding of the disease and the distinct responses to immunotherapy of MIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Benítez
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) and CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Katherine Yu
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Marina Sirota
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Núria Malats
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) and CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Pineda
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) and CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain.,Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, United States.,Department of Statistics and Data Science, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
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Luís C, Fernandes R, Dias J, Pereira D, Firmino-Machado J, Baylina P, Fernandes R, Soares R. Bilateral breast cancer and the influence of body mass index in clinicopathological features and overall survival. Breast Dis 2023; 42:407-414. [PMID: 38108338 DOI: 10.3233/bd-230014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) and obesity are two closely associated pathologies with increasing incidence and mortality rates. Bilateral Breast Cancer (BBC) displays a low incidence rate within BC and obesity represents a major risk factor. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to analyzed BBC clinicopathological features distribution and determine the potential influence of obesity in BBC in these same features and overall survival. METHODS Clinicopathological information was obtained from 42 cases of women with BBC diagnosed in IPO-Porto. To evaluate the frequency distribution of the clinicopathological data, a chi-square goodness of fit test was performed for BBC cases. A chi-square test of independence was applied for BMI stratification. Cox regression was performed for overall survival. Statistical significance was set at p-value < 0.05. RESULTS Distribution of BBC clinicopathological features was found to be statistically significant in family history (p-value < 0.001), BBC type (p-value < 0.001), stage (p-value = 0.005), differentiation grade (p-value < 0.001), receptor expression (p-value < 0.001) and histological type (p-value = 0.031). In comparison to the statistical expected results, we observed an increased cases of absence of family history and less cases of metachronous BBC. Histological types between tumours of BBC were mostly concordant. All cases presented concordant receptor expression. Analysis stratified by BMI revealed that obese women were diagnosed later, although without statistical significance. All obese women presented poor differentiation grade (n = 6). Overweight patients display a tendency to a better overall survival with lower tumour stages and lower differentiation grades. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal the same receptor expression between contralateral tumours. Also, most tumours share the same histological type. When stratified by BMI, we observed a tendency for overweight women to have improved overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Luís
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- i3S - Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - João Dias
- Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - João Firmino-Machado
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências Médicas, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Centro Académico Clínico Egas Moniz, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pilar Baylina
- i3S - Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- School of Health, Polytechnic of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rúben Fernandes
- i3S - Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Fernando Pessoa Hospital-School, Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Soares
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- i3S - Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Potential Nanotechnology-Based Therapeutics to Prevent Cancer Progression through TME Cell-Driven Populations. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010112. [PMID: 36678741 PMCID: PMC9864587 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer with a high risk of metastasis and therapeutic resistance. These issues are closely linked to the tumour microenvironment (TME) surrounding the tumour tissue. The association between residing TME components with tumour progression, survival, and metastasis has been well elucidated. Focusing on cancer cells alone is no longer considered a viable approach to therapy; thus, there is a high demand for TME targeting. The benefit of using nanoparticles is their preferential tumour accumulation and their ability to target TME components. Several nano-based platforms have been investigated to mitigate microenvironment-induced angiogenesis, therapeutic resistance, and tumour progression. These have been achieved by targeting mesenchymal originating cells (e.g., cancer-associated fibroblasts, adipocytes, and stem cells), haematological cells (e.g., tumour-associated macrophages, dendritic cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells), and the extracellular matrix within the TME that displays functional and architectural support. This review highlights the importance of nanotechnology-based therapeutics as a promising approach to target the TME and improve treatment outcomes for TNBC patients, which can lead to enhanced survival and quality of life. The role of different nanotherapeutics has been explored in the established TME cell-driven populations.
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Slade L, Biswas D, Kienesberger PC, Pulinilkunnil T. Loss of transcription factor EB dysregulates the G1/S transition and DNA replication in mammary epithelial cells. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102692. [PMID: 36372230 PMCID: PMC9764199 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) poses significant challenges for treatment given the lack of targeted therapies and increased probability of relapse. It is pertinent to identify vulnerabilities in TNBC and develop newer treatments. Our prior research demonstrated that transcription factor EB (TFEB) is necessary for TNBC survival by regulating DNA repair, apoptosis signaling, and the cell cycle. However, specific mechanisms by which TFEB targets DNA repair and cell cycle pathways are unclear, and whether these effects dictate TNBC survival is yet to be determined. Here, we show that TFEB knockdown decreased the expression of genes and proteins involved in DNA replication and cell cycle progression in MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells. DNA replication was decreased in cells lacking TFEB, as measured by EdU incorporation. TFEB silencing in MDA-MB-231 and noncancerous MCF10A cells impaired progression through the S-phase following G1/S synchronization; however, this proliferation defect could not be rescued by co-knockdown of suppressor RB1. Instead, TFEB knockdown reduced origin licensing in G1 and early S-phase MDA-MB-231 cells. TFEB silencing was associated with replication stress in MCF10A but not in TNBC cells. Lastly, we identified that TFEB knockdown renders TNBC cells more sensitive to inhibitors of Aurora Kinase A, a protein facilitating mitosis. Thus, inhibition of TFEB impairs cell cycle progress by decreasing origin licensing, leading to delayed entry into the S-phase, while rendering TNBC cells sensitive to Aurora kinase A inhibitors and decreasing cell viability. In contrast, TFEB silencing in noncancerous cells is associated with replication stress and leads to G1/S arrest.
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Bai X, Zhang X, Xiang W, Wang Y, Cao Y, Geng G, Wu B, Lai Y, Li Y, Shi B. Time tracking and multidimensional influencing factors analysis on female breast cancer mortality: Evidence from urban and rural China between 1994 to 2019. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1000892. [PMID: 36225788 PMCID: PMC9549912 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1000892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There are huge differences in female breast cancer mortality between urban and rural China. In order to better prevent breast cancer equally in urban and rural areas, it is critical to trace the root causes of past inequities and predict how future differences will change. Moreover, carcinogenic factors from micro-individual to macro-environment also need to be analyzed in detail. However, there is no systematic research covering these two aspects in the current literature. Methods Breast cancer mortality data in urban and rural China from 1994 to 2019 are collected, which from China Health Statistical Yearbook. The Age-Period-Cohort model is used to examine the effects of different age groups, periods, and birth cohorts on breast cancer mortality. Nordpred project is used to predict breast cancer mortality from 2020 to 2039. Results The age effect gradually increases and changes from negative to positive at the age of 40-44. The period effect fluctuates very little and shows the largest difference between urban and rural areas in 2019. The birth cohort effect gradually decreases with urban-rural effects alternating between strong and weak. In the predicted results, the urban-rural mortality gap becomes first narrow and then wide and shows a trend of younger death. Conclusions From the perspective of a temporal system, the changing trend of breast cancer mortality is highly consistent with the history of social and economic structural changes in China. From the perspective of the theory of social determinants of health, individuals, families, institutions and governments need to participate in the prevention of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Bai
- Department of Economics, School of Economics, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xiyu Zhang
- Research Center of Health Policy and Management, School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenjing Xiang
- Department of Economics, School of Economics, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yanjie Wang
- Department of Economics, School of Economics, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Economics, School of Economics, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Guihong Geng
- Department of Economics, School of Economics, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Wu
- Research Center of Health Policy and Management, School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yongqiang Lai
- Research Center of Health Policy and Management, School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ye Li
- Research Center of Health Policy and Management, School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China,*Correspondence: Ye Li
| | - Baoguo Shi
- Department of Economics, School of Economics, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China,Baoguo Shi
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Luz FACD, Marinho EDC, Nascimento CP, Marques LDA, Delfino PFR, Antonioli RM, Araújo RAD, Silva MJB. The effect of delayed treatment in breast cancer patients: How much is too late? An experience of a single-center study effect of surgery delay in survival. Surg Oncol 2022; 44:101854. [PMID: 36122450 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2022.101854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Proper treatment is critical for control and curative intent in breast cancer. Delays in receiving treatment can influence patients' prognoses. METHODS Retrospective, observational, single-center study based on data from medical records of 747 patients with non-metastatic invasive ductal breast carcinoma (I-III) in the initial analysis, comprising 554 patients undergoing adjuvant and 193 neoadjuvant treatment. Kaplan-Meier, Cox regression and time-dependent Cox regression were performed to obtain the predictive value of time to surgery and time to first treatment. Immortal time bias was managed and only 721 patients were included in the multivariable analysis. RESULTS During a median observation of 64.4 months, there were 140 death events and 177 disease progression events. Time to surgery (TTS) and time from completion of neoadjuvant chemotherapy to surgery (TNS) showed a significant impact on overall survival, associated with a 6% increased chance of death [HR: 1.06 (1.03-1.09), p < 0.001] and 4% [HR: 1.04 (1.00-1.09), p = 0.048] with a one-month increment, respectively. By multivariable analysis, continuous TTS had a different weight as a prognostic factor in stage IIIA/IIIB [adjusted HR: 1.249 (1.072-1.454), p = 0.004] compared to stage I/II [adjusted HR: 1.093 (1.048-1.141), p < 0.0005]. Likewise, TNS was significant after adjusting for other factors [adjusted HR: 1.092 (1.038-1.148), p = 0.001]. CONCLUSION Delay in receiving surgery with curative intent impairs the survival of patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Andrés Cordero da Luz
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Research, Uberlandia Cancer Hospital, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Laboratory of Tumor Biomarkers and Osteoimmunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Rogério Agenor de Araújo
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Research, Uberlandia Cancer Hospital, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Medical Faculty, Federal University of Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcelo José Barbosa Silva
- Laboratory of Tumor Biomarkers and Osteoimmunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Risk Stratification for Breast Cancer Patient by Simultaneous Learning of Molecular Subtype and Survival Outcome Using Genetic Algorithm-Based Gene Set Selection. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174120. [PMID: 36077657 PMCID: PMC9454699 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Patient stratification is clinically important because it allows us to understand the characteristics and establish treatment strategies for a group. Transcriptomic data play an important role in determining molecular subtypes and predicting survival. In the case of breast cancer, although the order of prognosis according to molecular subtypes is well known, there is heterogeneity even within a subtype. Therefore, patient stratification considering both molecular subtypes and survival outcomes is required. In this study, a methodology to handle this problem is presented. A genetic algorithm is used to select a set of genes, and a risk score is assigned to each patient using their expression level. According to the risk score, patients are ordered and stratified considering molecular subtypes and survival outcomes. Consequently, informative genes for patient stratification with respect to both aspects could be nominated, and the usefulness of the risk score was shown through comparison with other indicators. Abstract Patient stratification is a clinically important task because it allows us to establish and develop efficient treatment strategies for particular groups of patients. Molecular subtypes have been successfully defined using transcriptomic profiles, and they are used effectively in clinical practice, e.g., PAM50 subtypes of breast cancer. Survival prediction contributed to understanding diseases and also identifying genes related to prognosis. It is desirable to stratify patients considering these two aspects simultaneously. However, there are no methods for patient stratification that consider molecular subtypes and survival outcomes at once. Here, we propose a methodology to deal with the problem. A genetic algorithm is used to select a gene set from transcriptome data, and their expression quantities are utilized to assign a risk score to each patient. The patients are ordered and stratified according to the score. A gene set was selected by our method on a breast cancer cohort (TCGA-BRCA), and we examined its clinical utility using an independent cohort (SCAN-B). In this experiment, our method was successful in stratifying patients with respect to both molecular subtype and survival outcome. We demonstrated that the orders of patients were consistent across repeated experiments, and prognostic genes were successfully nominated. Additionally, it was observed that the risk score can be used to evaluate the molecular aggressiveness of individual patients.
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Saad Abdalla Al-Zawi A, Yin SL, Mahmood B, Jalil A, Aladili Z. The Oncotype DX Recurrence Score's Impact on the Management of Oestrogen-Positive/Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative, Low-Burden Axillary Status Breast Cancer (REHAB Study): Results of a Single Centre. Cureus 2022; 14:e27341. [PMID: 36042999 PMCID: PMC9411820 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Oncotype DX Recurrence Score (ODX-RS) is increasingly utilized in oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, low-burden axillary disease early operable breast cancer. It has been demonstrated to predict the benefits of adjuvant chemotherapy, hence supporting individualized decisions on adjuvant therapy. Aim To investigate the application of ODX-RS as an adjuvant treatment decision tool in breast cancer operated in our unit. Methods A total of 107 eligible patients who were operated on between 2017 and 2021 in Basildon University Hospital, UK were enrolled in this study. In this retrospective study, the clinical data, including patient’s age, tumour size, ER status, HER2 status, Ki67 proliferative index (Ki67-PI), nodal status, tumour grade, and ODX-RS, were collected. In the study design, the oncologist had the opportunity to assess the need for adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with ER-positive, HER2-negative, low-burden axillary lymph node disease, early breast cancer by using tumour characteristics and the PREDICT tool without knowing the ODX-RS results. The clinician's decision was matched against the breast multidisciplinary team's recommendations after ODX-RS utilisation, and the results were explored. Results The median ODX-RS of cohort tumours was 18 in the age group > 50 years, with ODX-RS ≥ 26 found in 18% of the group (n = 12). In the age group ≤ 50 years, 17% (n = 7) had ODX-RS between 21 and 25 and only 7% (n = 3) had ODX-RS ≥ 26. Without using ODX-RS, only 16% of the patients had been offered adjuvant chemotherapy in addition to the hormonal manipulation therapy; however, after using ODX-RS, up to 33% of the cohort was suitable for adjuvant chemotherapy in addition to the hormonal manipulation therapy. The changes in the recommendations after ODX-RS utilisation have been noticed in 29% of the cohort. Conclusion This study revealed that ODX-RS supported decision-making regarding postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, especially when other tumour biomarkers, such as tumour size, grading, or Ki-67, indicated lower risk criteria. Patients with a high ODX-RS were offered chemotherapy where appropriate and its use led to a 15% rate of initial decision change in adjuvant treatment decisions; this involved either recommending chemotherapy or its omission.
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Fendereski A, Hajizadeh E, Haghighat S, Rasekhi A. Long-term outcomes of non-metastatic breast cancer patients by molecular subtypes. BMC Womens Health 2022; 22:268. [PMID: 35787692 PMCID: PMC9254545 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-01846-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Today, with the progress of medical sciences, increasing the cure probability and survival time is an important goal of cancer treatment. This study compared long-term disease-free survival (DFS) of non-metastatic breast cancer patients based on different molecular subtypes. Methods This retrospective cohort study consisted of 1287 patients diagnosed with breast cancer and treated at Motamed Cancer Institute from 2000 to 2016 and followed up until 2018. Kaplan–Meier curve was fitted to data based on molecular subtypes. Then the semi-parametric mixture cure model was applied to determine the survival and cure probability of molecular subtypes by adjusting clinical and demographic factors. Results Among 1287 breast cancer patients, 200 (15.5%) cases died. The mean age of patients was 47.00 ± 10.72 years. Women with the HR+/HER2-subtype had the best 5-year survival rate (84.2%), whereas other subtypes had a lower rate as follows: HR+/HER2+ (77.3%), triple-negative (76.5%), and HR−/HER2+ (62.3%). Kaplan–Meier curve calculated a cure rate of about 60% and patients who survived more than 150 months were intuitively considered cured. After adjustment for clinical and demographic variables, the cure probability of HR−/Her2+ patients was substantially lower than HR+/HER2– patients (OR = 0.22), though there were no significant variations in short-term DFS based on molecular subtypes (HR = 0.91). Conclusions Our results confirm that the most prevalent breast cancer was HR+/HER2− tumor type which had the best prognosis. It is also concluded that HR−/HER2+ patients had the worst outcomes, with the highest rates of recurrence and metastasis and the lowest overall and disease-free survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Fendereski
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Hajizadeh
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shahpar Haghighat
- Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Aliakbar Rasekhi
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Mesa-Eguiagaray I, Wild SH, Bird SM, Williams LJ, Brewster DH, Hall PS, Figueroa JD. Breast cancer incidence and survival in Scotland by socio-economic deprivation and tumour subtype. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 194:463-473. [PMID: 35648299 PMCID: PMC9239954 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06632-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Women from socio-economically deprived areas are less likely to develop and then to survive breast cancer (BC). Whether associations between deprivation and BC incidence and survival differ by tumour molecular subtypes and mode of detection in Scotland are unknown. Methods Data consisted of 62,378 women diagnosed with invasive BC between 2000 and 2016 in Scotland. Incidence rates and time trends were calculated for oestrogen receptor positive (ER+) and negative (ER−) tumours and stratified by the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD) quintiles and screening status. SIMD is an area-based measure derived across seven domains: income, employment, education, health, access to services, crime and housing. We calculated adjusted hazard ratios (aHR [95% confidence intervals]) for BC death by immunohistochemical surrogates of molecular subtypes for the most versus the least deprived quintile. We adjusted for mode of detection and other confounders. Results In Scotland, screen-detected ER+tumour incidence increased over time, particularly in the least deprived quintile [Average Annual Percentage Change (AAPC) = 2.9% with 95% CI from 1.2 to 4.7]. No marked differences were observed for non-screen-detected ER+tumours or ER− tumours by deprivation. BC mortality was higher in the most compared to the least deprived quintile irrespective of ER status (aHR = 1.29 [1.18, 1.41] for ER+ and 1.27 [1.09, 1.47] for ER− tumours). However, deprivation was associated with significantly higher mortality for luminal A and HER2−enriched tumours (aHR = 1.46 [1.13, 1.88] and 2.10 [1.23, 3.59] respectively) but weaker associations for luminal B and TNBC tumours that were not statistically significant. Conclusions Deprivation is associated with differential BC incidence trends for screen-detected ER+tumours and with higher mortality for select tumour subtypes. Future efforts should evaluate factors that might be associated with reduced survival in deprived populations and monitor progress stratified by tumour subtypes and mode of detection. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10549-022-06632-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Mesa-Eguiagaray
- Usher Institute, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Sarah H Wild
- Usher Institute, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sheila M Bird
- Usher Institute, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Cambridge University's MRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge, UK
| | - Linda J Williams
- Usher Institute, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David H Brewster
- Usher Institute, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Peter S Hall
- Usher Institute, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jonine D Figueroa
- Usher Institute, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. .,Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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Xu S, Liu Y, Ma H, Fang S, Wei S, Li X, Lu Z, Zheng Y, Liu T, Zhu X, Xu D, Pan Y. A Novel Signature Integrated of Immunoglobulin, Glycosylation and Anti-Viral Genes to Predict Prognosis for Breast Cancer. Front Genet 2022; 13:834731. [PMID: 35432482 PMCID: PMC9011196 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.834731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Aberrant glycosylation is significantly related to the occurrence, progression, metastasis, and drug resistance of tumors. It is essential to identify glycosylation and related genes with prognostic value for breast cancer. Objective: We aimed to construct and validate a prognostic model based on glycosylation and related genes, and further investigate its prognosis values in validation set and external independent cohorts. Materials and Methods: The transcriptome and clinical data of breast cancer patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA, n = 1072), Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC, n = 1451), and GSE2741 (n = 120). Glycosylation-related genes were downloaded from the Genecards website. Differentially expressed glycosylation-related geneswere identified by comparing the tumor tissues with the adjacent tissues. The TCGA data were randomly divided into training set and validation set in a 1:1 ratio for further analysis. The glycosylation risk-scoring prognosis model was constructed by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, followed by confirmation in TCGA validation, METABRIC, and GEO datasets. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and Gene ontology analysis for identifying the affected pathways in the high- and low-risk groups were performed. Results: We attained 1072 breast cancer samples from the TCGA database and 786 glycosylation genes from the Genecards website. A signature contains immunoglobulin, glycosylation and anti-viral related genes was constructed to separate BRCA patients into two risk groups. Low-risk patients had better overall survival than high-risk patients (p < 0.001). A nomogram was constructed with risk scores and clinical characteristics. The area under time-dependent ROC curve reached 0.764 at 1 year, 0.744 at 3 years, and 0.765 at 5 years in the training set. Subgroup analysis showed differences in OS between the high- and low-risk patients in different subgroups. Moreover, the risk score was confirmed as an independent prognostic indicator of BRCA patients and was potentially correlated with immunotherapy response and drug sensitivity. Conclusion: We identified a novel signature integrated of immunoglobulin (IGHA2), glycosylation-related (SLC35A2) and anti-viral gene (BST2) that was an independent prognostic indicator for BRCA patients. The risk-scoring model could be used for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy in BRCA, thus providing a powerful instrument for combating BRCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengshan Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, China
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Yuchen Liu, ; Dongming Xu, ; Yihang Pan,
| | - Hansu Ma
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuo Fang
- Department of Oncology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shoupeng Wei
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Breast, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Zhuming Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Youbin Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Jiangmen Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangmen, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaojian Zhu
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dongming Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Country Hospital of Qianguo, Songyuan, China
- *Correspondence: Yuchen Liu, ; Dongming Xu, ; Yihang Pan,
| | - Yihang Pan
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Yuchen Liu, ; Dongming Xu, ; Yihang Pan,
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Thy JE, Bhargava S, Larsen M, Akslen LA, Hofvind S. Early screening outcomes among non-immigrants and immigrants targeted by BreastScreen Norway, 2010-2019. Scand J Public Health 2022:14034948221078701. [PMID: 35361004 DOI: 10.1177/14034948221078701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to analyse results on early screening outcomes, including recall and cancer rates, and histopathological tumour characteristics among non-immigrants and immigrants invited to BreastScreen Norway. METHODS We included information about 2, 763,230 invitations and 2,087,222 screening examinations from 805,543 women aged 50-69 years who were invited to BreastScreen Norway between 2010 and 2019. Women were stratified into three groups based on their birth country: non-immigrants, immigrants born in Western countries and immigrants born in non-Western countries. Age-adjusted regression models were used to analyse early screening outcomes. A random intercept effect was included in models where women underwent several screening examinations. RESULTS The overall attendance was 77.5% for non-immigrants, 68% for immigrants from Western countries and 51.5% for immigrants from non-Western countries. The rate of screen-detected cancers was 5.9/1000 screening examinations for non-immigrants, 6.3/1000 for immigrants from Western countries and 5.1/1000 for immigrants from non-Western countries. Adjusted for age, the rate did not differ statistically between the groups (p=0.091). The interval cancer rate was 1.7/1000 screening examinations for non-immigrants, 2.4/1000 for immigrants from Western countries and 1.6/1000 for non-Western countries (p<0.001). Histological grade was less favourable for screen-detected cancers, and subtype was less favourable for interval cancers among immigrants from non-Western countries versus non-immigrants. CONCLUSIONS There were no differences in age-adjusted rate of screen-detected cancer among non-immigrants and immigrants from Western countries or non-Western countries among women attending BreastScreen Norway between 2010 and 2019. Small but clinically relevant differences in histopathological tumour characteristics were observed between the three groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sameer Bhargava
- Cancer Registry of Norway, Norway.,Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Bærum Hospital, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Norway
| | | | - Lars A Akslen
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Medicine, Section for Pathology, University of Bergen, Norway.,Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway
| | - Solveig Hofvind
- Cancer Registry of Norway, Norway.,Department of Health and Care Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Norway
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Total circulating microRNA level as an independent prognostic marker for risk stratification in breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2022; 127:156-162. [PMID: 35318434 PMCID: PMC9276748 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-01756-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although breast cancer (BC) has a high survival rate, relapse events may occur which ultimately lead to aggressive disease. Circulating cell-free microRNAs (cf-miRNAs) are a promising minimally invasive biomarker with diagnostic and/or prognostic potential. Unfortunately, there is still no consensus as to a universal cf-miRNA biomarker in BC and there has been no clinical implementation until now. One major limitation is the technical variation with cf-miRNA isolation and specific quantification methods. METHODS In this study, we assessed the total levels of cf-miRNAs as a potential prognostic marker for BC in 356 plasma samples from 250 BC patients. RESULTS High levels of cf-miRNAs significantly correlated with unfavourable clinical features including tumour stage, load and the presence of metastasis at diagnosis. With more than 9 years of follow-up, we could show that global cf-miRNA levels significantly correlated with cancer relapse which was confirmed in multivariate cox regression analysis. Finally, for a subset of patients where the serial plasma was available, levels of cf-miRNAs increased in the plasma prior to clinical detection of progressive disease and were massively elevated in patients who died compared to those still alive at the last timepoint of measurement. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to suggest that total cf-miRNA levels in the blood can be used as an independent prognostic marker for BC.
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Miller RS, Mokiou S, Taylor A, Sun P, Baria K. Real-world clinical outcomes of patients with BRCA-mutated, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative metastatic breast cancer: a CancerLinQ® study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 193:83-94. [PMID: 35194731 PMCID: PMC8993712 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06541-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To investigate real-world clinical outcomes in patients with BRCA-mutated (BRCAm), HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (mBC) according to BRCA and hormone receptor (HR) status. Methods Patients diagnosed with HER2-negative mBC between 01 January 2010 and 31 December 2018 were retrospectively identified from the American Society of Clinical Oncology’s CancerLinQ Discovery® database. Time to first subsequent therapy or death (TFST) from date of mBC diagnosis and start of first-line treatment for mBC and overall survival (OS) from date of mBC diagnosis were investigated according to BRCA status (BRCAm, BRCA wild type [BRCAwt] or unknown BRCA [BRCAu]) and HR status (positive/triple negative breast cancer [TNBC]). Follow-up continued until 31 August 2019 (i.e. minimum of 8 months). Results 3744 patients with HER2-negative mBC were identified (BRCAwt, n = 460; BRCAm, n = 83; BRCAu, n = 3201) (HR-positive, n = 2738). Median (Q1, Q3) age was 63.0 (54.0, 73.0) years. Median (95% confidence interval [CI]) TFST (months) from mBC diagnosis was as follows: HR-positive, 7.7 (5.0, 11.2), 8.3 (6.6, 10.2) and 9.4 (8.7, 10.1); TNBC, 5.4 (3.9, 12.4), 5.6 (4.7, 6.6) and 5.4 (5.0, 6.2) for BRCAm, BRCAwt and BRCAu, respectively. Median (95% CI) OS (months) was as follows: HR-positive, 41.1 (31.5, not calculable), 55.1 (43.5, 65.5) and 33.0 (31.3, 34.8); TNBC, 13.7 (11.1, not calculable), 14.4 (10.7, 17.0) and 11.7 (10.3, 12.8) for BRCAm, BRCAwt and BRCAu, respectively. Conclusion When stratified by HR status, TFST and OS were broadly similar for patients with HER2-negative mBC, irrespective of BRCA status. Further global real-world studies are needed to study outcomes of this patient population. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10549-022-06541-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Miller
- CancerLinQ®, American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2318 Mill Road #800, Alexandria, VA, 22314, USA.
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The Utility of the Oncotype DX Test for Breast Cancer Patients in an Australian Multidisciplinary Setting. Breast J 2022; 2022:1199245. [PMID: 35711899 PMCID: PMC9187289 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1199245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The Oncotype DX test is a genomic assay that generates a Recurrence Score (RS) predicting the 10-year risk of recurrence and response to adjuvant chemotherapy in ER+/HER2− breast cancer patients. The aims were to determine breast cancer distant recurrence and correlate with adjuvant chemoendocrine prescribing patterns based on the Oncotype DX recurrence score. Methods We conducted a retrospective single-institution case series of 71 patients who had Oncotype DX assay testing after definitive surgery between 2012 and 2016. Both node-positive and node-negative patients were included. Patients were divided into Oncotype DX low risk (RS < 11) (n = 10, 14%), intermediate risk (RS 11–25) (n = 45, 63%), and high risk (RS > 25) (n = 16, 23%). Median follow-up was 6.1 years (range 4–8.9 years). Adjuvant treatment regimens and oncological outcomes were determined. Results. Mean age at diagnosis was 56 years (range, 33–77). Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) accounted for the majority (87%), with most tumors measuring between 10–20 mm (52%). 48% of the cohort were node positive. 15 of 16 high-risk patients (94%) received chemotherapy. 96% of intermediate-risk patients received endocrine therapy alone, one patient received chemoendocrine therapy (2%), and one declined systemic therapy (2%). In the low-risk group, 100% received endocrine therapy only. The high-risk group had the lowest mean ER% (P < 0.05), greatest mean mitotic rate (P < 0.05), and greatest proportion of Ki67% > 14. Five patients developed distant recurrence (7%): three from the intermediate-risk group (7%), one from the low-risk group (10%), and one from the high-risk group (6%). Conclusion This is the first Australian study reporting the experience with medium-term recurrence outcomes of using the Oncotype DX assay in breast cancer. Chemotherapy was rarely given for patients with low-to-intermediate RS and always offered in high RS. This pattern of prescribing was associated with low rates of distant recurrence. National funding models should be considered.
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Molecular Mechanisms, Biomarkers and Emerging Therapies for Chemotherapy Resistant TNBC. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031665. [PMID: 35163586 PMCID: PMC8836182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with high recurrence rates, high incidence of distant metastases, and poor overall survival (OS). Taxane and anthracycline-containing chemotherapy (CT) is currently the main systemic treatment option for TNBC, while platinum-based chemotherapy showed promising results in the neoadjuvant and metastatic settings. An early arising of intrinsic or acquired CT resistance is common and represents the main hurdle for successful TNBC treatment. Numerous mechanisms were uncovered that can lead to the development of chemoresistance. These include cancer stem cells (CSCs) induction after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, hypoxia and avoidance of apoptosis, single factors such as tyrosine kinase receptors (EGFR, IGFR1), a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10), and a few pathological molecular pathways. Some biomarkers capable of predicting resistance to specific chemotherapeutic agents were identified and are expected to be validated in future studies for a more accurate selection of drugs to be employed and for a more tailored approach, both in neoadjuvant and advanced settings. Recently, based on specific biomarkers, some therapies were tailored to TNBC subsets and became available in clinical practice: olaparib and talazoparib for BRCA1/2 germline mutation carriers larotrectinib and entrectinib for neurotrophic tropomyosin receptor kinase (NTRK) gene fusion carriers, and anti-trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (Trop2) antibody drug conjugate therapy for heavily pretreated metastatic TNBC (mTNBC). Further therapies targeting some pathologic molecular pathways, apoptosis, miRNAS, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), insulin growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R), and androgen receptor (AR) are under investigation. Among them, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and EGFR inhibitors as well as antiandrogens showed promising results and are under evaluation in Phase II/III clinical trials. Emerging therapies allow to select specific antiblastics that alone or by integrating the conventional therapeutic approach may overcome/hinder chemoresistance.
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Shah A, Haider G, Abro N, Bhutto S, Baqai TI, Akhtar S, Abbas K. Correlation Between Age and Hormone Receptor Status in Women With Breast Cancer. Cureus 2022; 14:e21652. [PMID: 35242457 PMCID: PMC8884467 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.21652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Breast cancer is a leading cause of death among women. This study aimed to evaluate the association between age and hormonal receptor status (HRS) in women with breast cancer presented at a public hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Medical Oncology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center (JPMC), Karachi, Pakistan, from January 2021 to August 2021. All women of age more than 18 years with a confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer were included in the study using non-random consecutive sampling techniques. Women who underwent artificial menopause or hysterectomy, women who had chemotherapy-induced menopause, and pregnant women were excluded from the study. Data were collected from all patients regarding socio-demographics and tumor characteristics. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to evaluate the status of hormonal receptors. Results The mean age at the time of presentation of females with breast cancer was 46.57±11.45 years. Among 317 females, 180 females had positive estrogen receptor (ER) expression (56.8%), 173 had positive progesterone receptor (PR) expression (54.6%), and 121 had positive human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu) expression (38.2%). The highest proportions of positive ER (36.7%), PR (38.2%), and HER/2 neu (37.2%) expression were observed in the age group 41-50 years, respectively. There was a statistically significant association between age and ER expression (p=0.017) and age and PR expression (p=0.003) while no association was found between age and HER/2 neu expression (p=0.335). Conclusion The present study indicated that the majority of the patients were diagnosed with breast cancer in their 40s. Most of the women in the younger age groups were estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2/neu negative while the older aged women were more frequently ER, PR, and HER2/neu positive albeit, the association between age or HER2/neu was not significant. In short, we can expect that the older aged patients may have better survival rates and patient prognosis. However, this is just a conjecture and further large-scale, multicenter, and long-term studies are required to understand the true relationship between age and patient survival rates. We hope that the current study will serve as a catalyst for future breast-cancer related studies.
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Zahran AM, Rayan A, Zahran ZAM, Mohamed WMY, Mohamed DO, Abdel-Rahim MH, El-Badawy O. Overexpression of PD-1 and CD39 in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes compared with peripheral blood lymphocytes in triple-negative breast cancer. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262650. [PMID: 35051220 PMCID: PMC8775239 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Growing evidence highlighted the primary role of the immune system in the disease course of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The study aim was to investigate the expression of PD-1 and CD39 on CD4+ and CD8+ cells infiltrating tumor tissue compared to their counterparts in peripheral blood and explore its association with tumor characteristics, disease progression, and prognosis in females with TNBC. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study included 30 TNBC patients and 20 healthy controls. Cancer and normal breast tissue and peripheral blood samples were collected for evaluation of the expression of PD-1 and CD39 on CD4+ and CD8+T cells by flow cytometry. RESULTS A marked reduction in the percentage of CD8+ T lymphocytes and a significant increase in the frequencies of CD4+ T lymphocytes and CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes expressing PD1 and CD39 were evident in tumor tissue in comparison with the normal breast tissue. The DFS was inversely related to the cancer tissue PD1+CD8+ and CD39+CD8+ T lymphocytes. Almost all studied cells were significantly increased in the tumor tissue than in peripheral blood. Positive correlations were detected among peripheral PD1+CD4+T lymphocytes and each of cancer tissue PD1+CD4+, PD1+CD8+and CD39+CD8+T cells, and among peripheral and cancer tissue CD39+CD4+and CD39+CD8+ T cells. CONCLUSIONS The CD39 and PD1 inhibitory pathways are synergistically utilized by TNBC cells to evade host immune response causing poor survival. Hence, combinational immunotherapy blocking these pathways might be a promising treatment strategy in this type of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa M. Zahran
- Department of Clinical Pathology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Amal Rayan
- Clinical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | - Wael M. Y. Mohamed
- Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
- Consultant Medical Oncologist Locum, Swansea University Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Dalia O. Mohamed
- Department of Radiation Oncology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mona H. Abdel-Rahim
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Omnia El-Badawy
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Savard MF, Kornaga EN, Kahn AM, Lupichuk S. Survival in Women with De Novo Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Comparison of Real-World Evidence from a Publicly-Funded Canadian Province and the United States by Insurance Status. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:383-391. [PMID: 35049708 PMCID: PMC8774867 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patient outcomes may vary according to distinct health care payers and different countries. We compared 291 Alberta (AB), Canada and 9429 US patients < 65 with de novo MBC diagnosed from 2010 through 2014. Data were extracted from the provincial Breast Data Mart and from the National Cancer Institute's SEER program. US patients were divided by insurance status (US privately insured, US Medicaid or US uninsured). Kaplan-Meier and log-rank analyses were used to assess differences in OS and hazard ratios (HR) were estimated using Cox models. Multivariate models were adjusted for age, surgical status, and biomarker profile. No difference in OS was noted between AB and US patients (HR = 0.92 (0.77-1.10), p = 0.365). Median OS was not reached for the US privately insured and AB groups, and was 11 months and 8 months for the US Medicaid and US uninsured groups, respectively. The 3-year OS rates were comparable between US privately insured and AB groups (53.28% (51.95-54.59) and 55.54% (49.49-61.16), respectively). Both groups had improved survival (p < 0.001) relative to the US Medicaid and US uninsured groups [39.32% (37.25-41.37) and 40.53% (36.20-44.81)]. Our study suggests that a universal health care system is not inferior to a private insurance-based model for de novo MBC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adriana Matutino Kahn
- Department of Medicine, Hematology Oncology, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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Androgen Receptor as an Emerging Feasible Biomarker for Breast Cancer. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12010072. [PMID: 35053220 PMCID: PMC8774219 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers can be used for diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction in targeted therapy. The estrogen receptor α (ERα) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) are standard biomarkers used in breast cancer for guiding disease treatment. The androgen receptor (AR), a nuclear hormone receptor, contributes to the development and progression of prostate tumors and other cancers. With increasing evidence to support that AR plays an essential role in breast cancer, AR has been considered a useful biomarker in breast cancer, depending on the context of breast cancer sub-types. The existing survival analyses suggest that AR acts as a tumor suppressor in ER + ve breast cancers, serving as a favorable prognostic marker. However, AR functions as a tumor promoter in ER-ve breast cancers, including HER2 + ve and triple-negative (TNBC) breast cancers, serving as a poor prognostic factor. AR has also been shown to be predictive of the potential of response to adjuvant hormonal therapy in ER + ve breast cancers and to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in TNBC. However, conflicting results do exist due to intrinsic molecular differences between tumors and the scoring method for AR positivity. Applying AR expression status to guide treatment in different breast cancer sub-types has been suggested. In the future, AR will be a feasible biomarker for breast cancer. Clinical trials using AR antagonists in breast cancer are active. Targeting AR alone or other therapeutic agents provides alternatives to existing therapy for breast cancer. Therefore, AR expression will be necessary if AR-targeted treatment is to be used.
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Varying outcomes of triple-negative breast cancer in different age groups-prognostic value of clinical features and proliferation. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 196:471-482. [PMID: 36261751 PMCID: PMC9633490 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06767-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive disease lacking specific biomarkers to guide treatment decisions. We evaluated the combined prognostic impact of clinical features and novel biomarkers of cell cycle-progression in age-dependent subgroups of TNBC patients. METHODS One hundred forty seven TNBC patients with complete clinical data and up to 18 year follow-up were collected from Turku University Hospital, Finland. Eight biomarkers for cell division were immunohistochemically detected to evaluate their clinical applicability in relation to patient and tumor characteristics. RESULTS Age at diagnosis was the decisive factor predicting disease-specific mortality in TNBC (p = 0.002). The established prognostic features, nodal status and Ki-67, predicted survival only when combined with age. The outcome and prognostic features differed significantly between age groups, middle-aged patients showing the most favorable outcome. Among young patients, only lack of basal differentiation predicted disease outcome, indicating 4.5-fold mortality risk (p = 0.03). Among patients aged > 57, the established prognostic features predicted disease outcome with up to 3.0-fold mortality risk for tumor size ≥ 2 cm (p = 0.001). Concerning cell proliferation, Ki-67 alone was a significant prognosticator among patients aged > 57 years (p = 0.009). Among the studied cell cycle-specific biomarkers, only geminin predicted disease outcome, indicating up to 6.2-fold increased risk of mortality for tumor size < 2 cm (p = 0.03). CONCLUSION Traditional clinical features do not provide optimal prognostic characterization for all TNBC patients. Young age should be considered as an additional adverse prognostic feature in therapeutic considerations. Increased proliferation, as evaluated using Ki-67 or geminin immunohistochemistry, showed potential in detecting survival differences in subgroups of TNBC.
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Alshamsan B, Alshibany A, Elshenawy MA, Badran A, Elhassan T, Ajarim D, Alsayed A, Suleman K, Al-Tweigeri T. Association Between Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio and Oncotype Dx Recurrence Score in Early-Stage Hormonal Receptor-Positive, HER2-Negative, Node-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:9411-9420. [PMID: 35002318 PMCID: PMC8721024 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s343549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The correlation between the preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and Oncotype DX® (ODX) recurrence score (RS) has not yet been established. We aimed to investigate the association between NLR and ODX RS in patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) early-stage breast cancer (BC). PATIENTS AND METHODS This retrospective study included consecutive patients with HR+/HER2-, node-negative primary BC who underwent surgical tumor resection from 2011 to 2019. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to obtain an optimal NLR cutoff value. Logistic regression analyses were used to estimate associations between various parameters and ODX RS. Furthermore, the factors significantly associated with the ODX RS in multivariable analysis were incorporated in a separate model and estimated using logistic regression. RESULTS A total of 160 patients were enrolled. The optimal preoperative NLR cutoff was 2.15. Multivariable analysis revealed that NLR and tumor grade (G1/G2 vs G3) were independent predictive factors of high RS cutoff (≥26). Moreover, including the two variables yielded a stronger association; patients with low NLR and low-grade tumors were unlikely to have high RS (≥26; odds ratio [OR] = 0.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.006-0.154; p < 0.001). Conversely, the presence of any of the following factors made patients unlikely to have low RS (<16; OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.16-0.73; p = 0.006): high NLR, high grade, or high Ki-67 levels (>20). CONCLUSION NLR is a promising independent predictor of RS. Furthermore, in addition to tumor grade and Ki-67 level, they together are also a potential indicator of high and low RS. However, further studies are required to validate this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bader Alshamsan
- Medical Oncology, Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aisha Alshibany
- Medical Oncology, Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud A Elshenawy
- Medical Oncology, Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebeen El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Badran
- Medical Oncology, Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Clinical Oncology Department, Ain Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tusneem Elhassan
- Medical Oncology, Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dahish Ajarim
- Medical Oncology, Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adher Alsayed
- Medical Oncology, Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kausar Suleman
- Medical Oncology, Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taher Al-Tweigeri
- Medical Oncology, Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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50
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Wege AK, Rom‐Jurek E, Jank P, Denkert C, Ugocsai P, Solbach C, Blohmer J, Sinn B, Mackelenbergh M, Möbus V, Trumpp A, Marangoni E, Pfarr N, Irlbeck C, Warfsmann J, Polzer B, Weber F, Ortmann O, Loibl S, Vladimirova V, Brockhoff G. mdm2
gene amplification is associated with luminal breast cancer progression in humanized
PDX
mice and a worse outcome of estrogen receptor positive disease. Int J Cancer 2021; 150:1357-1372. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anja Kathrin Wege
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics University Medical Center Regensburg Regensburg Germany
| | - Eva‐Maria Rom‐Jurek
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics University Medical Center Regensburg Regensburg Germany
| | - Paul Jank
- Institute of Pathology, Philipps‐University Marburg UKGM University Hospital Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Carsten Denkert
- Institute of Pathology, Philipps‐University Marburg UKGM University Hospital Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Peter Ugocsai
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics University Medical Center Regensburg Regensburg Germany
| | - Christine Solbach
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics University Hospital Frankfurt Frankfurt Germany
| | - Jens‐Uwe Blohmer
- Breast Cancer Center Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Bruno Sinn
- Breast Cancer Center Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Marion Mackelenbergh
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Schleswig‐Holstein University Hospital Kiel Germany
| | - Volker Möbus
- Department of Medicine II, Hematology and Oncology Goethe University of Frankfurt Frankfurt Germany
| | - Andreas Trumpp
- Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and DKFZ‐ZMBH Alliance Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI‐STEM gGmbH), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Heidelberg Germany
| | - Elisabetta Marangoni
- Department of Translational Research, Institute Curie PSL Research University Paris France
| | - Nicole Pfarr
- Institute of Pathology Technical University Munich Munich Germany
| | - Christoph Irlbeck
- Division of Personalized Tumor Therapy Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine Regensburg Germany
- Department of Experimental Medicine University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany
| | - Jens Warfsmann
- Division of Personalized Tumor Therapy Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine Regensburg Germany
- Department of Experimental Medicine University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany
| | - Bernhard Polzer
- Division of Personalized Tumor Therapy Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine Regensburg Germany
- Department of Experimental Medicine University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany
| | | | - Olaf Ortmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics University Medical Center Regensburg Regensburg Germany
| | - Sibylle Loibl
- German Breast Group GBG Forschungs GmbH Neu‐Isenburg Germany
| | | | - Gero Brockhoff
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics University Medical Center Regensburg Regensburg Germany
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