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Lalić IM, Bichele R, Repar A, Despotović SZ, Petričević S, Laan M, Peterson P, Westermann J, Milićević Ž, Mirkov I, Milićević NM. Lipopolysaccharide induces tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 independent relocation of lymphocytes from the red pulp of the mouse spleen. Ann Anat 2017; 216:125-134. [PMID: 29289711 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces migration of several cellular populations within the spleen. However, there are no data about the impact of LPS on B and T lymphocytes present in the red pulp. Therefore, we used an experimental model in which we tested the effects of intravenously injected LPS on the molecular, cellular and structural changes of the spleen, with special reference to the red pulp lymphocytes. We discovered that LPS induced a massive relocation of B and T lymphocytes from the splenic red pulp, which was independent of the tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 signaling axis. Early after LPS treatment, quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed the elevated levels of mRNA encoding numerous chemokines and proinflammatory cytokines (XCL1, CXCL9, CXCL10, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL17, CCL20, CCL22, TNFα and LTα) which affect the navigation and activities of B and T lymphocytes in the lymphoid tissues. An extreme increase in mRNA levels for CCL20 was detected in the white pulp of the LPS-treated mice. The CCL20-expressing cells were localized in the PALS. Some smaller CCL20-expressing cells were evenly dispersed in the B cell zone. Thus, our study provides new knowledge of how microbial products could be involved in shaping the structure of lymphatic organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana M Lalić
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Rudolf Bichele
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anja Repar
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Z Despotović
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Martti Laan
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Pärt Peterson
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jürgen Westermann
- Center for Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Živana Milićević
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Mirkov
- Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Novica M Milićević
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Despotović SZ, Milićević NM, Milošević DP, Despotović N, Erceg P, Svorcan P, Schumacher U, Ullrich S, Mihajlović G, Kalem D, Marković S, Lalić IM, Krmpot AJ, Rabasović MD, Pantelić DV, Jovanić SZ, Rösch T, Milićević Ž. Remodeling of extracellular matrix of the lamina propria in the uninvolved human rectal mucosa 10 and 20 cm away from the malignant tumor. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317711654. [PMID: 28718368 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317711654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, it has been demonstrated that malignancy arises and advances through the molecular interplay between tumor cells and non-malignant elements of the tumor stroma, that is, fibroblasts and extracellular matrix. However, in contrast to the mounting evidence about the role of tumor stroma in the genesis and progression of the malignant disease, there are very few data regarding the uninvolved stromal tissue in the remote surrounding of the tumor. Using the objective morphometric approach in patients with adenocarcinoma, we demonstrate the remodeling of extracellular matrix of the lamina propria in the uninvolved rectal mucosa 10 and 20 cm away from the neoplasm. We show that the representation of basic extracellular matrix constituents (reticular and collagen fibers and ground substance) is decreased. Also, the diameter of empty spaces that appear within the extracellular matrix of the lamina propria is increased. These spaces do not represent the blood or lymphatic vessel elements. Very likely, they reflect the development of tissue edema in the remote, uninvolved lamina propria of the mucosa in patients with the malignant tumor of the rectum. We hypothesize that the remodeling of extracellular matrix in lamina propria of the rectal mucosa may increase its stiffness, modulating the mechano-signal transduction, and thus promote the progression of the malignant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Z Despotović
- 1 Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Novica M Milićević
- 1 Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragoslav P Milošević
- 2 Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,3 Department of Geriatrics, Zvezdara University Clinical Center, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nebojša Despotović
- 2 Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,3 Department of Geriatrics, Zvezdara University Clinical Center, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Predrag Erceg
- 2 Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,3 Department of Geriatrics, Zvezdara University Clinical Center, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Petar Svorcan
- 2 Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,4 Center for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zvezdara University Clinical Center, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Udo Schumacher
- 5 Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Ullrich
- 5 Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gordana Mihajlović
- 3 Department of Geriatrics, Zvezdara University Clinical Center, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragan Kalem
- 4 Center for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zvezdara University Clinical Center, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Srđan Marković
- 4 Center for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zvezdara University Clinical Center, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana M Lalić
- 1 Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | - Dejan V Pantelić
- 6 Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Thomas Rösch
- 7 Department of Interdisciplinary Endoscopy, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Živana Milićević
- 1 Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Milićević NM, Nohroudi K, Schmidt F, Schmidt H, Ringer C, Sorensen GL, Milićević Ž, Westermann J. Growth of Murine Splenic Tissue Is Suppressed by Lymphotoxin β-Receptor Signaling (LTβR) Originating from Splenic and Non-Splenic Tissues. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166901. [PMID: 27936003 PMCID: PMC5147843 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Development and maintenance of secondary lymphoid organs such as lymph nodes and spleen essentially depend on lymphotoxin β-receptor (LTβR) signaling. It is unclear, however, by which molecular mechanism their size is limited. Here, we investigate whether the LTβR pathway is also growth suppressing. By using splenic tissue transplantation it is possible to analyze a potential contribution of LTβR signaling inside and outside of the implanted tissue. We show that LTβR signaling within the endogenous spleen and within non-splenic tissues both significantly suppressed the regeneration of implanted splenic tissue. The suppressive activity positively correlated with the total number of LTβR expressing cells in the animal (regenerate weights of 115 ± 8 mg in LTβR deficient recipients and of 12 ± 9 mg in wild-type recipients), affected also developed splenic tissue, and was induced but not executed via LTβR signaling. Two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis and subsequent mass spectrometry of stromal splenic tissue was applied to screen for potential factors mediating the LTβR dependent suppressive activity. Thus, LTβR dependent growth suppression is involved in regulating the size of secondary lymphoid organs, and might be therapeutically used to eradicate tertiary lymphoid tissues during autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Novica M. Milićević
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Beograd, Beograd, Serbia
| | - Klaus Nohroudi
- Department I of Anatomy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Friederike Schmidt
- Center for Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, University Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hendrik Schmidt
- Center for Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, University Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Cornelia Ringer
- Center for Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, University Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Grith Lykke Sorensen
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Živana Milićević
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Beograd, Beograd, Serbia
| | - Jürgen Westermann
- Center for Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, University Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Milićević NM, Schmidt F, Kunz N, Kalies K, Milićević Ž, Schlosser A, Holmskov U, Sorensen GL, Westermann J. The role of microfibrillar-associated protein 4 (MFAP4) in the formation and function of splenic compartments during embryonic and adult life. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 365:135-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2374-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Milićević NM, Lalić IM, Despotović SZ, Ćirić DN, Westermann J, De Waal Malefyt R, Milićević Ž. Aberrant tissue positioning of metallophilic macrophages in the thymus of XCL1-deficient mice. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2014; 297:1472-7. [PMID: 24778093 DOI: 10.1002/ar.22935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Metallophilic macrophages hold a strategic position within the thymic tissue and play a considerable function in thymic physiology. The development and positioning of these cells within thymic tissue are regulated by complex molecular mechanisms involving different cytokine/chemokine axes. Herein, we studied the role of XCL1 signaling in these processes. We show that in the XCL1-deficient thymus numerous metallophilic macrophages are aberrantly positioned in the thymic cortex, instead of their normal location in the cortico-medullary zone. Still, these cells retain their normal appearance: very large size with prominent, ramifying cytoplasmic prolongations. This shows that XCL1 signaling is not involved in morphological development, but rather in correct positioning of metallophilic macrophages within the thymic tissue. In contrast to thymic metallophilic macrophages, the positioning of splenic marginal metallophilic macrophages is not affected by XCL1-deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Novica M Milićević
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Milićević NM, Milićević Ž, Westermann J. Lipopolysaccharide-Induced In Vivo Activation of Follicular Dendritic Cells is Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-1 Independent. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2011; 295:87-90. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.21466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2011] [Revised: 06/30/2011] [Accepted: 07/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Milićević NM, Klaperski K, Nohroudi K, Milićević Ž, Bieber K, Baraniec B, Blessenohl M, Kalies K, Ware CF, Westermann J. TNF receptor-1 is required for the formation of splenic compartments during adult, but not embryonic life. J Immunol 2010; 186:1486-94. [PMID: 21187446 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1000740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lymphotoxin β-receptor (LTβR) and TNF receptor-1 (TNFR1) are important for the development of secondary lymphoid organs during embryonic life. The significance of LTβR and TNFR1 for the formation of lymphoid tissue during adult life is not well understood. Immunohistochemistry, morphometry, flow cytometry, and laser microdissection were used to compare wild-type, LTβR(-/-), TNFR1(-/-) spleens with splenic tissue that has been newly formed 8 wk after avascular implantation into adult mice. During ontogeny, LTβR is sufficient to induce formation of the marginal zone, similar-sized T and B cell zones, and a mixed T/B cell zone that completely surrounded the T cell zone. Strikingly, in adult mice, the formation of splenic compartments required both LTβR and TNFR1 expression, demonstrating that the molecular requirements for lymphoid tissue formation are different during embryonic and adult life. Thus, interfering with the TNFR1 pathway offers the possibility to selectively block the formation of ectopic lymphoid tissue and at the same time to spare secondary lymphoid organs such as spleen and lymph nodes. This opens a new perspective for the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Novica M Milićević
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Beograd, 11000 Beograd, Serbia
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