Mohamed Hussein AAR, Galal I, Amin MT, Moshnib AA, Makhlouf NA, Makhlouf HA, Abd-Elaal HK, Kholief KMS, Abdel Tawab DA, Kamal Eldin KA, Attia AM, Othman AEA, Shah J, Aiash H. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among patients attending Post COVID-19 follow-up clinic: a cross-sectional study.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022;
26:3038-3045. [PMID:
35503606 DOI:
10.26355/eurrev_202204_28635]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Post-COVID-19 syndrome appears to be a multi-organ illness with a broad spectrum of manifestations, occurring after even mild acute illness. Limited data currently available has suggested that vitamin D deficiency may play a role in COVID-19 cases. However, to our knowledge, no study has examined the frequency of vitamin D deficiency in post-COVID-19 cases and its effect on the symptom severity. The aim of this study is to both screen the frequency of vitamin D deficiency in post-COVID-19 syndrome patients and to study its relation to persistent symptoms.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
A cross-sectional, single-center study was conducted involving all cases attending post-COVID-19 follow-up clinic from November 2020 to May 2021. Complete history, clinical examination, and laboratory analysis [kidney functions, serum calcium, C-reactive protein, serum ferritin, Serum 25-(OH) vitamin D] was done as well as HRCT chest.
RESULTS
The study included 219 post-COVID-19 cases, 84% had deficient vitamin D levels (< 20 ng/dL); 11.4% had insufficient level (20-30 ng/dL) and only 4.9 % reported normal level. There was no link between levels of vitamin D with either the acute or post-COVID-19 symptoms in the studied groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among the study population, no association was observed between the levels of vitamin D and post-COVID-19 symptoms. It appears that post-COVID-19 syndrome pathophysiology involves a more complex interaction with the immune system. Dedicated clinical trials are advised to better study vitamin D levels and the related disease severity in COVID-19 patients.
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