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Shafiq M, Alazba AA, Amin MT. Application of Zn–Fe layered double hydroxide and its composites with biochar and carbon nanotubes to the adsorption of lead in a batch system: kinetics and isotherms. Arab J Sci Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-021-05576-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mohamed Hussein AAR, Galal I, Amin MT, Moshnib AA, Makhlouf NA, Makhlouf HA, Abd-Elaal HK, Kholief KMS, Abdel Tawab DA, Kamal Eldin KA, Attia AM, Othman AEA, Shah J, Aiash H. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among patients attending Post COVID-19 follow-up clinic: a cross-sectional study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:3038-3045. [PMID: 35503606 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202204_28635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Post-COVID-19 syndrome appears to be a multi-organ illness with a broad spectrum of manifestations, occurring after even mild acute illness. Limited data currently available has suggested that vitamin D deficiency may play a role in COVID-19 cases. However, to our knowledge, no study has examined the frequency of vitamin D deficiency in post-COVID-19 cases and its effect on the symptom severity. The aim of this study is to both screen the frequency of vitamin D deficiency in post-COVID-19 syndrome patients and to study its relation to persistent symptoms. PATIENTS AND METHODS A cross-sectional, single-center study was conducted involving all cases attending post-COVID-19 follow-up clinic from November 2020 to May 2021. Complete history, clinical examination, and laboratory analysis [kidney functions, serum calcium, C-reactive protein, serum ferritin, Serum 25-(OH) vitamin D] was done as well as HRCT chest. RESULTS The study included 219 post-COVID-19 cases, 84% had deficient vitamin D levels (< 20 ng/dL); 11.4% had insufficient level (20-30 ng/dL) and only 4.9 % reported normal level. There was no link between levels of vitamin D with either the acute or post-COVID-19 symptoms in the studied groups. CONCLUSIONS Despite the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among the study population, no association was observed between the levels of vitamin D and post-COVID-19 symptoms. It appears that post-COVID-19 syndrome pathophysiology involves a more complex interaction with the immune system. Dedicated clinical trials are advised to better study vitamin D levels and the related disease severity in COVID-19 patients.
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Amin MT, Alazba AA, Shafiq M. Ethylenediaminetetraacetate functionalized MgFe layered double hydroxide/biochar composites for highly efficient adsorptive removal of lead ions from aqueous solutions. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265024. [PMID: 35239747 PMCID: PMC8893710 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) of MgFe and its composites with biochar of Eucalyptus camdulensis (Eb) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) was explored in a batch study to mitigate toxic lead ions (Pb2+) from synthetic wastewater solutions. SEM images revealed that MgFe/LDH composites with Eb were successfully formed, while FTIR spectra confirmed the successful adsorption of Pb2+ onto the MgFe/LDH and composite adsorbents. Batch equilibrium was attained after 60 min, then the adsorption capacity gradually increased. An increase in adsorption capacity (and a 60% decrease in the percentage removal) was observed by increasing the initial Pb2+ concentration, and the highest value was 136 mg g-1 for MgFe/LDH-Eb_EDTA. A 50–60% increase in both the adsorption capacities and percent removal was seen in the pH range of 2–6. The second-order kinetic model had a nearly perfect fitting, suggesting that chemisorption was the mechanism controlling adsorption. The Langmuir isotherm model best presented the adsorption data, suggesting that the Pb2+ adsorption was monolayer, and predicted a better affinity between the adsorbent surface and absorbed Pb2+ for MgFe/LDH-Eb_EDTA in comparison to the other two adsorbents. The D–R isotherm suggested that the adsorption system was physical based on E values for all three adsorbents, while the Temkin isotherm model suggested that Pb2+ adsorption was heterogeneous. Finally, the Sips and R–P isotherms predicted that the adsorption of Pb2+ on the surface of the adsorbents was homogeneous and heterogeneous.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. T. Amin
- Alamoudi Water Research Chair, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
- * E-mail:
| | - A. A. Alazba
- Alamoudi Water Research Chair, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Agricultural Engineering Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - M. Shafiq
- Alamoudi Water Research Chair, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Mohamed-Hussein AAR, Amin MT, Makhlouf HA, Makhlouf NA, Galal I, Abd-Elaal HK, Abdeltawab D, Kholief KMS, Hashem MK. Non-hospitalised COVID-19 patients have more frequent long COVID-19 symptoms. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2021; 25:732-737. [PMID: 34802495 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.21.0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Long COVID-19 syndrome refers to the persistence of symptoms for more than 12 weeks after the start of acute symptoms. The pathophysiology of this syndrome is not yet clear.OBJECTIVE: To assess long COVID-19 symptoms in hospitalised and non-hospitalised patients.METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was used. The study included 262 patients who were divided into two groups based on their hospital admission history: 167 (63.7%) were not hospitalised, while 95 (36.3%) were hospitalised.RESULTS: Long-COVID was reported in 157 out of 262 patients (59.9%), and was significantly more frequent in non-hospitalised patients (68.3% vs. 45.3%; P < 0.001). During the acute phase, hospitalised patients had more respiratory symptoms (95.9% vs. 85.6%), while non-hospitalised patients had more neuropsychiatric symptoms (84.4% vs. 69.5%; P < 0.05). Constitutional and neuropsychiatric symptoms were the most frequently reported persistent symptoms in both groups, but all persistent symptoms were more frequent in the non-hospitalised group (P < 0.005).CONCLUSION: Long COVID-19 symptoms affect both hospitalised and non-hospitalised patients. Neuropsychiatric manifestations were the most common persistent COVID-19 symptoms. Rehabilitation and psychotherapy could be advised for all recovered COVID-19 patients. Non-hospitalised COVID-19 patients should be counselled to contact healthcare providers whenever needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M T Amin
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - H A Makhlouf
- Chest Department, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - N A Makhlouf
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - I Galal
- Chest Department, Aswan Faculty of Medicine, Aswan, Egypt
| | | | - D Abdeltawab
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - K M S Kholief
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - M K Hashem
- Chest Department, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Amin MT, Alazba AA, Shafiq M. Comparative study for adsorption of methylene blue dye on biochar derived from orange peel and banana biomass in aqueous solutions. Environ Monit Assess 2019; 191:735. [PMID: 31707527 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7915-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biochar pyrolyzed at 800 °C from banana (Bb) and orange peels (OPb) was applied for sorption of methylene blue (MB) dye in a batch system. OPb showed better affinity for MB dye than Bb with rapid increase in sorption capacity and percent removal for both biochars attaining equilibrium at 30 min. Chemisorption was suggested as the rate limiting step based on the best fitting of the pseudo-second-order reaction kinetics to the batch adsorption data. Linear increase in sorption capacity was seen as the initial MB dye concentration increased from 50 to 300 mg g-1 with a 40 % decrease in removal efficiency. An increase of 90 mg g-1 in sorption capacity for both biochars with a 15 and 30 % increase in removal efficiency for OPb and Bb, respectively, was observed after increasing the solution pH from 2 to 6 or 8. An increase in sorption capacity of about 150 mg g-1 was seen by increasing the biochar dose from 0.1 to 0.5 g. Langmuir isotherm model represented the adsorption data well as reflected by the high values of R2 (0.99) when using both biochar, while least representation of adsorption data was seen in H-J isotherm as estimated from very low R2 (0.6-0.66) for both types of biochar. An endothermic nature of MB dye sorption was suggested based on the linear increase in sorption capacity with an increase in solution temperature from 30 to 60 °C. This was further confirmed by the observed positive changes in standard entropy and standard enthalpy while negative values of Gibbs-free energies proposed the non-spontaneous natures of MB dye sorption on to both biochars. The effective sorption of MB dye demonstrated the potential of plant-based biochar as economically viable adsorbents for MB dye.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Amin
- Alamoudi Water Research Chair, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan.
| | - A A Alazba
- Alamoudi Water Research Chair, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Agricultural Engineering Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - M Shafiq
- Alamoudi Water Research Chair, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Amin MT, Alazba AA, Shafiq M. Removal of Copper and Lead using Banana Biochar in Batch Adsorption Systems: Isotherms and Kinetic Studies. Arab J Sci Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-017-2934-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Amin MT, Alazba AA, Shafiq M. Nonspontaneous and multilayer adsorption of malachite green dye by Acacia nilotica waste with dominance of physisorption. Water Sci Technol 2017; 76:1805-1815. [PMID: 28991795 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption of the hazardous dye malachite green (MG) by Acacia nilotica (AN) waste was investigated. Batch process variables for the adsorption of MG by AN were optimized. The mechanisms involved in the adsorption of MG by AN were explored using isotherms and kinetic models. The thermodynamic parameters were calculated to determine the spontaneity and thermal nature of the MG adsorption reaction. The maximum equilibrium adsorption capacity of AN was found to be 113.26 mg/g at 30 °C. The MG adsorption data revealed that AN adsorbs MG by multilayer adsorption, as shown by the better fit of the data to the Freundlich and Halsey models (R2 = 0.99) rather than to the Langmuir model. Multilayer adsorption involves physisorption, which was confirmed by the E value (mean free energy of adsorption) of the Dubinin-Radushkevich model (6.52 kJ/mol). Surface diffusion was found to be the main driving force for MG adsorption by AN. The MG adsorption reaction was endothermic, based on the enthalpy, and was controlled by the entropy of the system in the T1 temperature range (30 to 40 °C), while the opposite trend was observed in the T2 range (40 to 50 °C). Moreover, MG adsorption by AN was found to be nonspontaneous at all temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Amin
- Alamoudi Water Research Chair, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia E-mail: ; Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - A A Alazba
- Alamoudi Water Research Chair, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia E-mail: ; Agricultural Engineering Department, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - M Shafiq
- Alamoudi Water Research Chair, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia E-mail:
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Abstract
AbstractThis study was designed to find the best-fit probability distribution of annual maximum rainfall based on a twenty-four-hour sample in the northern regions of Pakistan using four probability distributions: normal, log-normal, log-Pearson type-III and Gumbel max. Based on the scores of goodness of fit tests, the normal distribution was found to be the best-fit probability distribution at the Mardan rainfall gauging station. The log-Pearson type-III distribution was found to be the best-fit probability distribution at the rest of the rainfall gauging stations. The maximum values of expected rainfall were calculated using the best-fit probability distributions and can be used by design engineers in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. T. Amin
- 1Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakista
- 2Alamoudi Water Research Chair, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - M. Rizwan
- 3Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - A. A. Alazba
- 2Alamoudi Water Research Chair, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Hamid S, Bae W, Kim S, Amin MT. Enhancing co-metabolic degradation of trichloroethylene with toluene using Burkholderia vietnamiensis G4 encapsulated in polyethylene glycol polymer. Environ Technol 2014; 35:1470-1477. [PMID: 24701945 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2013.871045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The biodegradation potential of Burkholderia vietnamiensis G4 (B. vietnamiensis G4) was evaluated under encapsulation in comparison with direct exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE) (0.1, 0.5, 1 and 5 mg/L) and toluene (10 and 50 mg/L), maintaining aerobic conditions. B. vietnamiensis G4 was encapsulated in polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymer. Under suspended conditions, the degradation rate decreased as the initial TCE concentration increased, even with a higher amount of substrate available. However, the encapsulated systems were less suppressed, presumably by mitigated toxicity, and completely removed TCE with 50 mg/L of toluene. The transformation yield (Ty) was as high as 0.427 mg-TCE/mg-toluene for the encapsulated cultures and 0.1007 mg-TCE/mg-toluene for the suspended cultures. The Ty value for the encapsulated cultures was one to two orders higher than what has been reported in the literature. The higher Ty values in the encapsulated cultures compared with those from suspended cultures showed that the PEG encapsulation provided more a favourable environment for efficient substrate use.
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Amin MT, Kim TI, Amin MN, Han MY. Effects of catchment, first-flush, storage conditions, and time on microbial quality in rainwater harvesting systems. Water Environ Res 2013; 85:2317-2329. [PMID: 24597047 DOI: 10.2175/106143013x13706200598433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Rainwater collected from a rooftop rainwater harvesting (RWH) system is typically not considered suitable for potable uses, primarily because of poor microbial quality. The quality of stored rainwater, however, can be improved through basic design and maintenance practices during the construction and operation of an RWH system. This paper presents the microbial analysis of rainwater in two RWH systems installed at the Seoul National University Campus in South Korea. Rainwater samples were collected at different locations within each system and analyzed for total and fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli, and heterotrophic plate count bacteria. Within their storage tanks, water quality improved horizontally from inlet to outlet points, and higher quality was observed at the supply point (located about 0.5 m from the base of the tank) than at the surface or bottom of the tank. First-flush rainwater was found to be highly contaminated but rainwater quality improved following about 1 mm of precipitation. The catchment surface also had a significant effect on the quality of rainwater; samples collected from a rooftop exhibited better microbial quality than from a terrace catchment. Better water quality in underground tanks (dark storage conditions) compared to open weirs/ filters (exposed to natural light) demonstrated the importance of storage conditions. Water quality also improved with longer storage, and a decrease of 70% to 90% in microbial concentrations was observed after about 1 week of storage time. The findings of this study demonstrate that the microbial quality of harvested rainwater can be improved significantly by the adoption of proper design and maintenance guidelines such as those discussed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Amin
- Alamoudi Water Chair, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Tschung-il Kim
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Seoul National University, South Korea
| | - M N Amin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - M Y Han
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Seoul National University, South Korea
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Nawaz M, Han MY, Kim TI, Manzoor U, Amin MT. Silver disinfection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E. coli in rooftop harvested rainwater for potable purposes. Sci Total Environ 2012; 431:20-25. [PMID: 22664534 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Revised: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Rainwater harvesting being an alternate source in water scarce areas is becoming a common practice. Catchment contact, however, deteriorates the quality of rainwater making it unfit for potable purposes. To improve the quality of harvested rainwater, silver was used as antimicrobial agent in this study. Rainwater samples were taken from underground storage tank of a rooftop rainwater harvesting system installed in one of the buildings at Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea. The target microorganisms (MOs) were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli which were measured by using plate count method and standard MPN method, respectively. The efficiency of silver disinfection was evaluated at concentrations, ranging from 0.01 to 0.1 mg/l; the safe limit approved by WHO. The experiments were performed for 168 h with different time intervals to evaluate the parameters including inactivation rate, residual effect of silver and re-growth in both MOs at lower (i.e. 0.01-0.04 mg/l) as well as the higher concentrations of silver (i.e. 0.08-0.1 mg/l). Results showed the re-growth in both MOs was only in the case of lower concentrations of silver. The possible reason of re-growth at these concentrations of silver may be the halting of bacterial cell replication process for some time without permanent damage. The kinetics of this study suggest that higher inactivation and long term residual effect towards both MOs can be achieved with the application of silver at 0.08 mg/l or higher under safe limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nawaz
- Alamoudi Water Chair, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Amin MT, Han MY. Roof-harvested rainwater for potable purposes: application of solar collector disinfection (SOCO-DIS). Water Res 2009; 43:5225-5235. [PMID: 19783275 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2009.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2009] [Revised: 08/20/2009] [Accepted: 08/24/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of solar disinfection (SODIS), recommended by the World Health Organization, has been determined for rainwater disinfection, and potential benefits and limitations discussed. The limitations of SODIS have now been overcome by the use of solar collector disinfection (SOCO-DIS), for potential use of rainwater as a small-scale potable water supply, especially in developing countries. Rainwater samples collected from the underground storage tanks of a rooftop rainwater harvesting (RWH) system were exposed to different conditions of sunlight radiation in 2-L polyethylene terephthalate bottles in a solar collector with rectangular base and reflective open wings. Total and fecal coliforms were used, together with Escherichia coli and heterotrophic plate counts, as basic microbial and indicator organisms of water quality for disinfection efficiency evaluation. In the SOCO-DIS system, disinfection improved by 20-30% compared with the SODIS system, and rainwater was fully disinfected even under moderate weather conditions, due to the effects of concentrated sunlight radiation and the synergistic effects of thermal and optical inactivation. The SOCO-DIS system was optimized based on the collector configuration and the reflective base: an inclined position led to an increased disinfection efficiency of 10-15%. Microbial inactivation increased by 10-20% simply by reducing the initial pH value of the rainwater to 5. High turbidities also affected the SOCO-DIS system; the disinfection efficiency decreased by 10-15%, which indicated that rainwater needed to be filtered before treatment. The problem of microbial regrowth was significantly reduced in the SOCO-DIS system compared with the SODIS system because of residual sunlight effects. Only total coliform regrowth was detected at higher turbidities. The SOCO-DIS system was ineffective only under poor weather conditions, when longer exposure times or other practical means of reducing the pH were required for the treatment of stored rainwater for potable purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Amin
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan.
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