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Hunter A, Beck S, Cappelli E, Margot F, Straub M, Alexanian Y, Gatti G, Watson MD, Kim TK, Cacho C, Plumb NC, Shi M, Radović M, Sokolov DA, Mackenzie AP, Zingl M, Mravlje J, Georges A, Baumberger F, Tamai A. Fate of Quasiparticles at High Temperature in the Correlated Metal Sr_{2}RuO_{4}. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:236502. [PMID: 38134803 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.236502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
We study the temperature evolution of quasiparticles in the correlated metal Sr_{2}RuO_{4}. Our angle resolved photoemission data show that quasiparticles persist up to temperatures above 200 K, far beyond the Fermi liquid regime. Extracting the quasiparticle self-energy, we demonstrate that the quasiparticle residue Z increases with increasing temperature. Quasiparticles eventually disappear on approaching the bad metal state of Sr_{2}RuO_{4} not by losing weight but via excessive broadening from super-Planckian scattering. We further show that the Fermi surface of Sr_{2}RuO_{4}-defined as the loci where the spectral function peaks-deflates with increasing temperature. These findings are in semiquantitative agreement with dynamical mean field theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hunter
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - S Beck
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute, 162 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10010, USA
| | - E Cappelli
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - F Margot
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - M Straub
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Y Alexanian
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - G Gatti
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - M D Watson
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - T K Kim
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - C Cacho
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - N C Plumb
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - M Shi
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - M Radović
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - D A Sokolov
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - A P Mackenzie
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
| | - M Zingl
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute, 162 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10010, USA
| | - J Mravlje
- Department of Theoretical Physics, Institute Jozef Stefan, Jamova 39, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana
| | - A Georges
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute, 162 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10010, USA
- Collège de France, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France
- Centre de Physique Théorique, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - F Baumberger
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - A Tamai
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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Wagner N, Crippa L, Amaricci A, Hansmann P, Klett M, König EJ, Schäfer T, Sante DD, Cano J, Millis AJ, Georges A, Sangiovanni G. Mott insulators with boundary zeros. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7531. [PMID: 37985660 PMCID: PMC10662449 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42773-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The topological classification of electronic band structures is based on symmetry properties of Bloch eigenstates of single-particle Hamiltonians. In parallel, topological field theory has opened the doors to the formulation and characterization of non-trivial phases of matter driven by strong electron-electron interaction. Even though important examples of topological Mott insulators have been constructed, the relevance of the underlying non-interacting band topology to the physics of the Mott phase has remained unexplored. Here, we show that the momentum structure of the Green's function zeros defining the "Luttinger surface" provides a topological characterization of the Mott phase related, in the simplest description, to the one of the single-particle electronic dispersion. Considerations on the zeros lead to the prediction of new phenomena: a topological Mott insulator with an inverted gap for the bulk zeros must possess gapless zeros at the boundary, which behave as a form of "topological antimatter" annihilating conventional edge states. Placing band and Mott topological insulators in contact produces distinctive observable signatures at the interface, revealing the otherwise spectroscopically elusive Green's function zeros.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Wagner
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Universität Würzburg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - L Crippa
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Universität Würzburg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - A Amaricci
- CNR-IOM, Istituto Officina dei Materiali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Bonomea 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy
| | - P Hansmann
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Klett
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - E J König
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - T Schäfer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - D Di Sante
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - J Cano
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, NY, 11974, USA
| | - A J Millis
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Georges
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Collège de France, PSL University, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005, Paris, France
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, 24 quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
- CPHT, CNRS, École Polytechnique, IP Paris, F-91128, Palaiseau, France
| | - G Sangiovanni
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Universität Würzburg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.
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Suzuki H, Wang L, Bertinshaw J, Strand HUR, Käser S, Krautloher M, Yang Z, Wentzell N, Parcollet O, Jerzembeck F, Kikugawa N, Mackenzie AP, Georges A, Hansmann P, Gretarsson H, Keimer B. Distinct spin and orbital dynamics in Sr 2RuO 4. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7042. [PMID: 37923750 PMCID: PMC10624926 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42804-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The unconventional superconductor Sr2RuO4 has long served as a benchmark for theories of correlated-electron materials. The determination of the superconducting pairing mechanism requires detailed experimental information on collective bosonic excitations as potential mediators of Cooper pairing. We have used Ru L3-edge resonant inelastic x-ray scattering to obtain comprehensive maps of the electronic excitations of Sr2RuO4 over the entire Brillouin zone. We observe multiple branches of dispersive spin and orbital excitations associated with distinctly different energy scales. The spin and orbital dynamical response functions calculated within the dynamical mean-field theory are in excellent agreement with the experimental data. Our results highlight the Hund metal nature of Sr2RuO4 and provide key information for the understanding of its unconventional superconductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Suzuki
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.
| | - L Wang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - J Bertinshaw
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - H U R Strand
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Fakultetsgatan 1, SE-701 82, Örebro, Sweden
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - S Käser
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Krautloher
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Z Yang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - N Wentzell
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, 162 5th Avenue, New York, 10010, USA
| | - O Parcollet
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, 162 5th Avenue, New York, 10010, USA
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CEA, Institut de physique théorique, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - F Jerzembeck
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - N Kikugawa
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0003, Japan
| | - A P Mackenzie
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - A Georges
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, 162 5th Avenue, New York, 10010, USA
- Collége de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005, Paris, France
- Centre de Physique Théorique (CPHT), CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, IP Paris, 91128, Palaiseau, France
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - P Hansmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - H Gretarsson
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - B Keimer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Georges A, Liu L, Berrandou T, Jouve C, Hulot JS, Bouatia-Naji N. Epigenetic and phenotypic characterization of iPSCs-derived smooth muscle cells: towards a cellular model for complex arterial diseases. Cardiovasc Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac066.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): European Research Council
Introduction
Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) capacity to switch between proliferative (synthetic) and quiescent (contractile) phenotypes is a widely studied mechanism in cardiovascular disease. Primary SMCs tend to lose many physiological features in culture, which makes the study of their contractile function challenging. Recently, an optimized protocol of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) differentiation into contractile SMCs was described.
Purpose
We aimed at obtaining a deep characterization of cellular phenotypes during the differentiation into synthetic or contractile SMCs, and evaluate these cellular models in the context of complex cardiovascular diseases.
Methods
We differentiated 4 human iPSC lines (2 males, 2 females) towards either contractile (Repsox induced) or synthetic (PDGF-BB/TGF-β induced) SMC phenotypes using a 24-days protocol (Figure). We performed RNA-Seq and assay for transposase accessible chromatin (ATAC)-Seq at 6 time points of differentiation. We compared gene expression and open chromatin profiles between them and to existing datasets of primary human SMCs and artery tissues. We characterized the extracellular matrix (matrisome) generated by SMCs using mass spectrometry.
Results
iPSCs derived SMCs showed expected morphology and positive expression of SMC markers. Synthetic SMCs exhibited greater capacity of proliferation, migration, lower contractility and calcium release capacity, compared to contractile SMCs. RNA-Seq results showed that multiple disease-associated genes involved in the contractile function of arteries, including smooth-muscle myosin heavy chain (MYH11), myosin light chain kinase (MYLK) and angiotensin type 1 receptor (AGTR1) genes, were highly expressed in contractile compared to synthetic SMCs. Interestingly, multiple genes coding for extracellular matrix components were also enriched in contractile SMCs. Matrisome characterization confirmed that contractile SMCs generated a rich extracellular matrix, compared to synthetic cells. Analysis of transcriptomic and open chromatin profiles suggests contractile SMCs retained a higher level of activity for transcription factors involved in vascular smooth muscle development. Synthetic SMCs however presented open chromatin profiles similar to cultured primary SMCs. Open chromatin regions of contractile SMCs were highly enriched for variants associated with vascular diseases such as hypertension and intracranial aneurysm, whereas synthetic SMCs were more enriched for variants associated to peripheral artery disease and aortic aneurysm.
Conclusions
Differentiation of SMCs from iPSCs using two complementary protocols provides valid cellular models suitable for the study of a variety of vascular diseases. Utilization of these cells in combination with genome-editing tools is a promising approach to the study of complex regulatory mechanisms at genetic risk loci while considering phenotypic variability of arterial cellular components.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Georges
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC) , Paris , France
| | - L Liu
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC) , Paris , France
| | - T Berrandou
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC) , Paris , France
| | - C Jouve
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC) , Paris , France
| | - JS Hulot
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC) , Paris , France
| | - N Bouatia-Naji
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC) , Paris , France
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Liu L, Jouve C, Sebastien Hulot J, Georges A, Bouatia-Naji N. Epigenetic regulation at LRP1 risk locus for cardiovascular diseases and assessment of cellular function in hiPSC derived smooth muscle cells. Cardiovasc Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac066.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – EU funding. Main funding source(s): European Research Council (ERC)
Background/Introduction
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an increasingly recognized cause of myocardial infarction in young and middle-aged women. A common genetic variant, rs11172113, located in LRP1 (low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1) first intron, was associated with several vascular diseases, including SCAD, coronary artery disease and migraine. However, the biological mechanisms through which rs11172113 influence LRP1 function in the context of non-atherosclerotic arterial lesions is not fully understood.
Purpose
We aim at defining the specific mechanisms of rs11172113 genotype affecting LRP1 expression in contractile smooth muscle cells (SMCs), leading to alterations of their physiological function.
Methods
We applied in silico functional annotation to select variants and measured their enhancer activity using luciferase reporter assay in rat primary SMCs (A7r5). We performed siRNA knockdown of LRP1 and 4 transcription factors (TFs) predicted to interact with rs11172113 in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived SMCs, harboring either synthetic or contractile phenotype. We edited iPSCs prior to differentiation using CRISPR-Cas9 to generate 100 bp deletion of the enhancer region containing rs11172113. We also created frame-shift indels in exons 2 or 5 of LRP1 in iPSCs to create SMCs knockouts and differentiated into SMCs. We then performed a proteomic and transcriptomic characterization of LRP1 knockout effect in these iPSC derived SMCs. We used a computational method of cell tracking and relative cell surface area change to characterize the contractility of LRP1 knockout effect in these iPSC derived SMCs. We performed the assessment of fluo-4 labeled Ca2+ mobilization to characterize the ability of calcium release in iPSC derived SMCs after LPR1 knockout.
Results
Seven variants in LRP1 locus co-located with enhancer (histone marks) and open chromatin regions (ATAC-Seq peaks) in SMCs and arterial tissues. Reporter assay in rat SMCs confirmed that rs11172113 belongs to a genomic region showing enhancer activity in vitro. iPSCs with homozygous deletion of rs11172113 enhancer region presented the same pluripotency compared with wild type, and iPSC derived SMCs showed positive expression of specific markers for each phenotype (ACTA2, TAGLN for both, MYH11 for contractile SMCs and CALM2 for synthetic SMCs). We found that the deletion of rs11172113 enhancer region decreased the expression of LRP1 while LRP1 knockdown increased cell migration capacity in SMCs. Preliminary results in LRP1-knockout iPSC-derived SMCs suggest LRP1 to enhance the expression of cell contraction markers and decrease capacity of cell proliferation.
Conclusions We confirmed rs11172113 to regulate LRP1 expression in iPSCs derived synthetic and contractile SMCs. Our results support LRP1 effect on SMCs cellular function alteration as a potential mechanism in genetic susceptibility for vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Liu
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC) , Paris , France
| | - C Jouve
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC) , Paris , France
| | | | - A Georges
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC) , Paris , France
| | - N Bouatia-Naji
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC) , Paris , France
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Drine R, Georges A, de Stampa M. Séjours longs en hospitalisation à domicile : impacts des facteurs sociodémographiques, cliniques et des parcours de soins. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2022; 70:97-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2022.03.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Amstutz D, Villa O, Georges A, Lutz A, Zuercher K, Pasche M. Health promotion in Swiss municipalities: towards proportionate universalism. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Health promotion goes beyond the health sector. Municipalities, the local public authorities in Switzerland, have a crucial role to promote population health in all their decisions.
Initially developed by Promotion Santé Valais, the label “Healthy municipality” exists in the canton of Vaud since 2015. The label takes stock of existing measures in health promotion and prevention in all sectors and incentivise new interventions. The labelling process respects different criteria and is validated by an external committee. It is voluntarist, free of charge for the municipality but requires time and intersectoral communication. This abstract explores equity in the uptake of the label.
Results
In Vaud, 17 municipalities have been labelled “healthy”. Two external evaluations by Swiss universities highlighted that small villages are less involved in the label than urban areas. To achieve health equity, we need to identify and approach municipalities with limited human and financial resources, that might be less active in health promotion and/or whose population is socioeconomically disadvantaged. Preliminary results indicate that municipalities below 1000 inhabitants, in rural areas, should be targeted first. We are currently investigating the barriers and facilitators for them to enrol in the label.
Lessons
As labels rewarding healthy cities are expanding worldwide, it is important to document and reflect on who benefits from them, and who does not. Our practice is now focusing more on villages in rural areas, with less resources than urban settings. We investigate their needs regarding the type of support that we, public health professionals, can provide. Proportionate universalism principles should also apply to advocacy for health promotion, at the municipality level.
Key messages
To achieve health in all policies, the role of municipalities is essential. More efforts in health promotion should target specifically small and rural municipalities, with limited resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Amstutz
- Département Promotion de la Santé et Préventions, Unisanté, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - O Villa
- Département Promotion de la Santé et Préventions, Unisanté, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Georges
- Département Promotion de la Santé et Préventions, Unisanté, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Lutz
- Département Promotion de la Santé et Préventions, Unisanté, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - K Zuercher
- Département Promotion de la Santé et Préventions, Unisanté, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Pasche
- Département Promotion de la Santé et Préventions, Unisanté, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Stojanov T, Georges A, De Stampa M. Profil clinique et trajectoires de soins des résidents bénéficiant de l’intervention mixte hospitalisation à domicile–établissement d’hébergement pour personnes âgées dépendantes à Paris, France. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2020.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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9
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Sunko V, Mazzola F, Kitamura S, Khim S, Kushwaha P, Clark OJ, Watson MD, Marković I, Biswas D, Pourovskii L, Kim TK, Lee TL, Thakur PK, Rosner H, Georges A, Moessner R, Oka T, Mackenzie AP, King PDC. Probing spin correlations using angle-resolved photoemission in a coupled metallic/Mott insulator system. Sci Adv 2020; 6:eaaz0611. [PMID: 32128385 PMCID: PMC7032925 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz0611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A nearly free electron metal and a Mott insulating state can be thought of as opposite ends of the spectrum of possibilities for the motion of electrons in a solid. Understanding their interaction lies at the heart of the correlated electron problem. In the magnetic oxide metal PdCrO2, nearly free and Mott-localized electrons exist in alternating layers, forming natural heterostructures. Using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, quantitatively supported by a strong coupling analysis, we show that the coupling between these layers leads to an "intertwined" excitation that is a convolution of the charge spectrum of the metallic layer and the spin susceptibility of the Mott layer. Our findings establish PdCrO2 as a model system in which to probe Kondo lattice physics and also open new routes to use the a priori nonmagnetic probe of photoemission to gain insights into the spin susceptibility of correlated electron materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Sunko
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, UK
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - F. Mazzola
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, UK
| | - S. Kitamura
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Nöthnitzer Straße 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - S. Khim
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - P. Kushwaha
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - O. J. Clark
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, UK
| | - M. D. Watson
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, UK
| | - I. Marković
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, UK
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - D. Biswas
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, UK
| | - L. Pourovskii
- CPHT, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
- Institut de Physique, Collège de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France
| | - T. K. Kim
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - T.-L. Lee
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - P. K. Thakur
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - H. Rosner
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - A. Georges
- CPHT, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
- Institut de Physique, Collège de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute, New York, NY 10010, USA
- DQMP, Université de Genève, 24 quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - R. Moessner
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Nöthnitzer Straße 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - T. Oka
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Nöthnitzer Straße 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - A. P. Mackenzie
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, UK
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - P. D. C. King
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, UK
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10
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Chapelle JF, Chapelle AC, Georges A, Blaise P, Rakic JM. [Unilateral pigmentary retinopathy : about 2 cases]. Rev Med Liege 2019; 74:451-456. [PMID: 31486313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We present the case of two patients in whom unilateral retinal involvement with pigmentary lesions on the fundus examination was observed. Apart from the unilateral nature of the lesions, a diagnosis of retinitis pigmentosa could have been made in view of the morphological and functional aspects of the retina. However, in these two clinical cases, an association between retinal lesions and Bartonella in one case, and pre-existing multiple sclerosis in the other case, has been proposed with a final diagnosis of unilateral pigmentary retinopathy. Nevertheless, a sufficiently long period of patient follow-up is necessary to rule out delayed onset in the unaffected eye, suggesting an asymmetrical bilateral retinitis pigmentosa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A Georges
- Service d'Ophtalmologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - P Blaise
- Service d'Ophtalmologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - J M Rakic
- Service d'Ophtalmologie, CHU Liège, Belgique
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11
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Unmack PJ, Adams M, Bylemans J, Hardy CM, Hammer MP, Georges A. Perspectives on the clonal persistence of presumed 'ghost' genomes in unisexual or allopolyploid taxa arising via hybridization. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4730. [PMID: 30894575 PMCID: PMC6426837 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40865-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Although hybridization between non-sibling species rarely results in viable or fertile offspring, it occasionally produces self-perpetuating or sexually-parasitic lineages in which ancestral genomes are inherited clonally and thus may persist as ‘ghost species’ after ancestor extinction. Ghost species have been detected in animals and plants, for polyploid and diploid organisms, and across clonal, semi-clonal, and even sexual reproductive modes. Here we use a detailed investigation of the evolutionary and taxonomic status of a newly-discovered, putative ghost lineage (HX) in the fish genus Hypseleotris to provide perspectives on several important issues not previously explored by other studies on ghost species, but relevant to ongoing discussions about their detection, conservation, and artificial re-creation. Our comprehensive genetic (allozymes, mtDNA) and genomic (SNPs) datasets successfully identified a threatened sexual population of HX in one tiny portion of the extensive distribution displayed by two hemi-clonal HX-containing lineages. We also discuss what confidence should be placed on any assertion that an ancestral species is actually extinct, and how to assess whether any putative sexual ancestor represents a pure remnant, as shown here, or a naturally-occurring resurrection via the crossing of compatible clones or hemi-clones.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Unmack
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
| | - M Adams
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - J Bylemans
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - C M Hardy
- CSIRO Land and Water, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - M P Hammer
- Museum & Art Gallery of the Northern Territory, Darwin, Northern Territory, 0810, Australia
| | - A Georges
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
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12
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Van Dyke JU, Spencer RJ, Thompson MB, Chessman B, Howard K, Georges A. Conservation implications of turtle declines in Australia's Murray River system. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1998. [PMID: 30760813 PMCID: PMC6374471 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39096-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Conservation requires rapid action to be effective, which is often difficult because of funding limitations, political constraints, and limited data. Turtles are among the world’s most endangered vertebrate taxa, with almost half of 356 species threatened with extinction. In Australia’s Murray River, nest predation by invasive foxes (Vulpes vulpes) was predicted to drive turtle declines in the 1980s. We assessed populations of the broad-shelled turtle (Chelodina expansa), eastern long-necked turtle (C. longicollis), and Murray River turtle (Emydura macquarii) in the Murray River and some of its associated waterways. Our results suggest that the predicted decline is occurring. All three species are rare in the lower Murray River region, and were undetected in many locations in South Australia. Moreover, E. macquarii had considerable population aging almost everywhere, possibly due to comprehensive nest destruction by foxes. Chelodina longicollis also had population aging at some sites. Sustained low recruitment has potential to lead to collapses as turtles age, which is particularly worrying because it was predicted over 30 years ago and may have already occurred in South Australia. Our results show that turtle declines were not mitigated since that prediction. If the crash continues, a vertebrate guild responsible for considerable nutrient cycling in the aquatic ecosystem will disappear. Our results highlight a worst-case outcome when species declines are predicted, but insufficiently mitigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- J U Van Dyke
- School of Science and Health, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.,School of Environmental Sciences, Institute for Land, Water, and Society, Charles Sturt University, Albury-Wodonga Campus, Albury, NSW, 2640, Australia
| | - R-J Spencer
- School of Science and Health, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.
| | - M B Thompson
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Heydon-Laurence Building (A08), University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - B Chessman
- Centre for Ecosystem Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - K Howard
- School of Science and Health, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - A Georges
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
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13
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Georges A, Spencer RJ, Kilian A, Welsh M, Zhang X. Assault from all sides: hybridization and introgression threaten the already critically endangered Myuchelys georgesi (Chelonia: Chelidae). ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2018. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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14
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Bedada AG, Georges A, Sheikh S, Kayembe MA, Hsiao M. Pneumatosis intestinalis in HIV patient with gastric outlet obstruction. S AFR J SURG 2018. [DOI: 10.17159/2078-5151/2018/v56n3a2624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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15
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Georges A, Uppal H, Fung W. LATENT CLASS APPROACH TO DIFFERENTIATE REASONS CAREGIVERS SEEK RESPITE CARE SERVICE. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.2842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Georges
- JBS International, Inc., Burlingame, California
| | - H. Uppal
- JBS International, Inc., Burlingame, California
| | - W. Fung
- JBS International, Inc., Burlingame, California
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Georges
- JBS International, Inc., Burlingame, California
| | - H. Uppal
- JBS International, Inc., Burlingame, California
| | - W. Fung
- JBS International, Inc., Burlingame, California
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17
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Sutter D, Fatuzzo CG, Moser S, Kim M, Fittipaldi R, Vecchione A, Granata V, Sassa Y, Cossalter F, Gatti G, Grioni M, Rønnow HM, Plumb NC, Matt CE, Shi M, Hoesch M, Kim TK, Chang TR, Jeng HT, Jozwiak C, Bostwick A, Rotenberg E, Georges A, Neupert T, Chang J. Hallmarks of Hunds coupling in the Mott insulator Ca 2RuO 4. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15176. [PMID: 28474681 PMCID: PMC5424259 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A paradigmatic case of multi-band Mott physics including spin-orbit and Hund's coupling is realized in Ca2RuO4. Progress in understanding the nature of this Mott insulating phase has been impeded by the lack of knowledge about the low-energy electronic structure. Here we provide—using angle-resolved photoemission electron spectroscopy—the band structure of the paramagnetic insulating phase of Ca2RuO4 and show how it features several distinct energy scales. Comparison to a simple analysis of atomic multiplets provides a quantitative estimate of the Hund's coupling J=0.4 eV. Furthermore, the experimental spectra are in good agreement with electronic structure calculations performed with Dynamical Mean-Field Theory. The crystal field stabilization of the dxy orbital due to c-axis contraction is shown to be essential to explain the insulating phase. These results underscore the importance of multi-band physics, Coulomb interaction and Hund's coupling that together generate the Mott insulating state of Ca2RuO4. Detailed knowledge of the low-energy electronic structure is required to understand the Mott insulating phase of Ca2RuO4. Here, Sutter et al. provide directly the experimental band structure of the paramagnetic insulating phase of Ca2RuO4 and unveil the electronic origin of its Mott phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Sutter
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zürich CH-8057, Switzerland
| | - C G Fatuzzo
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fedérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - S Moser
- Advanced Light Source (ALS), Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Kim
- College de France, Paris Cedex 05 75231, France.,Centre de Physique Théorique, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Univ Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91128, France
| | - R Fittipaldi
- CNR-SPIN, Fisciano, Salerno I-84084, Italy.,Dipartimento di Fisica 'E.R. Caianiello', Università di Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno I-84084, Italy
| | - A Vecchione
- CNR-SPIN, Fisciano, Salerno I-84084, Italy.,Dipartimento di Fisica 'E.R. Caianiello', Università di Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno I-84084, Italy
| | - V Granata
- CNR-SPIN, Fisciano, Salerno I-84084, Italy.,Dipartimento di Fisica 'E.R. Caianiello', Università di Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno I-84084, Italy
| | - Y Sassa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala S-75121, Sweden
| | - F Cossalter
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zürich CH-8057, Switzerland
| | - G Gatti
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fedérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - M Grioni
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fedérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - H M Rønnow
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fedérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - N C Plumb
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen PSI CH-5232, Switzerland
| | - C E Matt
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen PSI CH-5232, Switzerland
| | - M Shi
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen PSI CH-5232, Switzerland
| | - M Hoesch
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - T K Kim
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - T-R Chang
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.,Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - H-T Jeng
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.,Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - C Jozwiak
- Advanced Light Source (ALS), Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Bostwick
- Advanced Light Source (ALS), Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - E Rotenberg
- Advanced Light Source (ALS), Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Georges
- College de France, Paris Cedex 05 75231, France.,Centre de Physique Théorique, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Univ Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91128, France.,Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, Geneva 4 1211, Switzerland
| | - T Neupert
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zürich CH-8057, Switzerland
| | - J Chang
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zürich CH-8057, Switzerland
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18
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Sentef MA, Tokuno A, Georges A, Kollath C. Theory of Laser-Controlled Competing Superconducting and Charge Orders. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:087002. [PMID: 28282212 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.087002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the nonequilibrium dynamics of competing coexisting superconducting (SC) and charge-density wave (CDW) orders in an attractive Hubbard model. A time-periodic laser field A[over →](t) lifts the SC-CDW degeneracy, since the CDW couples linearly to the field (A[over →]), whereas SC couples in second order (A[over →]^{2}) due to gauge invariance. This leads to a striking resonance: When the photon energy is red detuned compared to the equilibrium single-particle energy gap, CDW is enhanced and SC is suppressed, while this behavior is reversed for blue detuning. Both orders oscillate with an emergent slow frequency, which is controlled by the small amplitude of a third induced order, namely η pairing, given by the commutator of the two primary orders. The induced η pairing is shown to control the enhancement and suppression of the dominant orders. Finally, we demonstrate that light-induced superconductivity is possible starting from a predominantly CDW initial state.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Sentef
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Center for Free Electron Laser Science, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Tokuno
- Centre de Physique Théorique, École Polytechnique, CNRS, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
- Collège de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France
| | - A Georges
- Centre de Physique Théorique, École Polytechnique, CNRS, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
- Collège de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - C Kollath
- HISKP, University of Bonn, Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
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19
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Talmasse M, Franssen C, Martin D, Georges A, Brichant JF. [PERIOPERATIVE VISUAL LOSS AFTER SPINE SURGERY: A CASE REPORT]. Rev Med Liege 2016; 71:170-173. [PMID: 27295895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Perioperative visual loss is a rare but devastating complication that may follow spine surgery in the prone position. So far, the incidence, mechanisms and risk factors have not been clearly established. Most commonly, the visual loss results from an ischemic optic neuropathy. We describe the case of a 68 year-old woman who underwent a lumbar laminectomy in the prone position. Upon recovery from anesthesia, the patient complained of total left blindness. This visual loss was, slowly and only partially, recovered after 72 hours. We discuss the most common causes of postoperative visual loss, the risk factors and preventive strategy.
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20
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Denis S, Sayd T, Georges A, Chambon C, Chalancon S, Santé-Lhoutellier V, Blanquet-Diot S. Digestion of cooked meat proteins is slightly affected by age as assessed using the dynamic gastrointestinal TIM model and mass spectrometry. Food Funct 2016; 7:2682-91. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00120c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The main goal of the present study was to compare the degradation of meat proteins in adult and elderly digestive conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Denis
- EA 4678 Conception
- Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament Université d'Auvergne
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne
- F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand
- France
| | - T. Sayd
- INRA
- UR370 Qualité des Produits Animaux
- F-63122 Saint Genès Champanelle
- France
| | - A. Georges
- EA 4678 Conception
- Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament Université d'Auvergne
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne
- F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand
- France
| | - C. Chambon
- INRA
- UR370 Qualité des Produits Animaux
- F-63122 Saint Genès Champanelle
- France
| | - S. Chalancon
- EA 4678 Conception
- Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament Université d'Auvergne
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne
- F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand
- France
| | | | - S. Blanquet-Diot
- EA 4678 Conception
- Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament Université d'Auvergne
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne
- F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand
- France
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21
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Mankowsky R, Subedi A, Först M, Mariager SO, Chollet M, Lemke HT, Robinson JS, Glownia JM, Minitti MP, Frano A, Fechner M, Spaldin NA, Loew T, Keimer B, Georges A, Cavalleri A. Nonlinear lattice dynamics as a basis for enhanced superconductivity in YBa2Cu3O6.5. Nature 2015; 516:71-3. [PMID: 25471882 DOI: 10.1038/nature13875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Terahertz-frequency optical pulses can resonantly drive selected vibrational modes in solids and deform their crystal structures. In complex oxides, this method has been used to melt electronic order, drive insulator-to-metal transitions and induce superconductivity. Strikingly, coherent interlayer transport strongly reminiscent of superconductivity can be transiently induced up to room temperature (300 kelvin) in YBa2Cu3O6+x (refs 9, 10). Here we report the crystal structure of this exotic non-equilibrium state, determined by femtosecond X-ray diffraction and ab initio density functional theory calculations. We find that nonlinear lattice excitation in normal-state YBa2Cu3O6+x at above the transition temperature of 52 kelvin causes a simultaneous increase and decrease in the Cu-O2 intra-bilayer and, respectively, inter-bilayer distances, accompanied by anisotropic changes in the in-plane O-Cu-O bond buckling. Density functional theory calculations indicate that these motions cause drastic changes in the electronic structure. Among these, the enhancement in the character of the in-plane electronic structure is likely to favour superconductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Mankowsky
- 1] Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, 22761 Hamburg, Germany [2] University of Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany [3] Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL), 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Subedi
- Centre de Physique Théorique, École Polytechnique, CNRS, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - M Först
- 1] Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, 22761 Hamburg, Germany [2] Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL), 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - S O Mariager
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - M Chollet
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park 94025, California, USA
| | - H T Lemke
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park 94025, California, USA
| | - J S Robinson
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park 94025, California, USA
| | - J M Glownia
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park 94025, California, USA
| | - M P Minitti
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park 94025, California, USA
| | - A Frano
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - M Fechner
- Materials Theory, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - N A Spaldin
- Materials Theory, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - T Loew
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - B Keimer
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - A Georges
- 1] Centre de Physique Théorique, École Polytechnique, CNRS, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France [2] Collège de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France [3] Département de Physique de la Matière Condensée (MaNEP), Université de Genève, 1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - A Cavalleri
- 1] Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, 22761 Hamburg, Germany [2] University of Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany [3] Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL), 22761 Hamburg, Germany [4] Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK
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22
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de la Torre A, Hunter EC, Subedi A, McKeown Walker S, Tamai A, Kim TK, Hoesch M, Perry RS, Georges A, Baumberger F. Coherent quasiparticles with a small fermi surface in lightly doped Sr(3)Ir(2)O(7). Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:256402. [PMID: 25554897 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.256402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We characterize the electron doping evolution of (Sr_{1-x}La_{x})_{3}Ir_{2}O_{7} by means of angle-resolved photoemission. Concomitant with the metal insulator transition around x≈0.05 we find the emergence of coherent quasiparticle states forming a closed small Fermi surface of volume 3x/2, where x is the independently measured La concentration. The quasiparticle weight Z remains large along the entire Fermi surface, consistent with the moderate renormalization of the low-energy dispersion, and no pseudogap is observed. This indicates a conventional, weakly correlated Fermi liquid state with a momentum independent residue Z≈0.5 in lightly doped Sr_{3}Ir_{2}O_{7}.
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Affiliation(s)
- A de la Torre
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - E C Hunter
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, James Clerk Maxwell Building, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - A Subedi
- Centre de Physique Théorique, École Polytechnique, CNRS, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - S McKeown Walker
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - A Tamai
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - T K Kim
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - M Hoesch
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - R S Perry
- London Centre for Nanotechnology and UCL Centre for Materials Discovery, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - A Georges
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland and Centre de Physique Théorique, École Polytechnique, CNRS, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France and Collège de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France
| | - F Baumberger
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland and Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland and SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
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23
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Abstract
We propose a cooling scheme for fermionic quantum gases, based on the principles of the Peltier thermoelectric effect and energy filtering. The system to be cooled is connected to another harmonically trapped gas acting as a reservoir. The cooling is achieved by two simultaneous processes: (i) the system is evaporatively cooled, and (ii) cold fermions from deep below the Fermi surface of the reservoir are injected below the Fermi level of the system, in order to fill the "holes" in the energy distribution. This is achieved by a suitable energy dependence of the transmission coefficient connecting the system to the reservoir. The two processes can be viewed as simultaneous evaporative cooling of particles and holes. We show that both a significantly lower entropy per particle and faster cooling rate can be achieved in this way than by using only evaporative cooling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ch Grenier
- Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A Georges
- Collège de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France; Centre de Physique Théorique, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France; and DPMC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Kollath
- HISKP, University of Bonn, Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
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24
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Eisemberg CC, Rose M, Yaru B, Amepou Y, Georges A. Salinity of the coastal nesting environment and its association with body size in the estuarine pig-nosed turtle. J Zool (1987) 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. C. Eisemberg
- Institute for Applied Ecology; University of Canberra; Canberra ACT Australia
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods; Charles Darwin University; Darwin NT Australia
| | - M. Rose
- Flora & Fauna International; Cambridge UK
| | - B. Yaru
- Institute for Applied Ecology; University of Canberra; Canberra ACT Australia
- EcoCare Engineering, Ltd.; Port Moresby Papua New Guinea
| | - Y. Amepou
- Institute for Applied Ecology; University of Canberra; Canberra ACT Australia
| | - A. Georges
- Institute for Applied Ecology; University of Canberra; Canberra ACT Australia
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Stricker D, Mravlje J, Berthod C, Fittipaldi R, Vecchione A, Georges A, van der Marel D. Optical response of Sr2RuO4 reveals universal fermi-liquid scaling and quasiparticles beyond Landau theory. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:087404. [PMID: 25192127 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.087404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report optical measurements demonstrating that the low-energy relaxation rate (1/τ) of the conduction electrons in Sr(2)RuO(4) obeys scaling relations for its frequency (ω) and temperature (T) dependence in accordance with Fermi-liquid theory. In the thermal relaxation regime, 1/τ ∝ (ħω)(2)+(pπk(B)T)(2) with p = 2, and ω/T scaling applies. Many-body electronic structure calculations using dynamical mean-field theory confirm the low-energy Fermi-liquid scaling and provide quantitative understanding of the deviations from Fermi-liquid behavior at higher energy and temperature. The excess optical spectral weight in this regime provides evidence for strongly dispersing "resilient" quasiparticle excitations above the Fermi energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Stricker
- Département de Physique de la Matière Condensée, Université de Genève, 24 quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - J Mravlje
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - C Berthod
- Département de Physique de la Matière Condensée, Université de Genève, 24 quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - R Fittipaldi
- CNR-SPIN, and Dipartimento di Fisica "E. R. Caianiello", Universita di Salerno, I-84084 Fisciano (Salerno) Italy
| | - A Vecchione
- CNR-SPIN, and Dipartimento di Fisica "E. R. Caianiello", Universita di Salerno, I-84084 Fisciano (Salerno) Italy
| | - A Georges
- Département de Physique de la Matière Condensée, Université de Genève, 24 quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland and Collège de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France and Centre de Physique Théorique, École Polytechnique, CNRS, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - D van der Marel
- Département de Physique de la Matière Condensée, Université de Genève, 24 quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
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Kuendig H, Georges A, Labhart F. Investigating underage youth access to alcohol in Switzerland: inventory of modes of access and association with youth characteristics. Alcohol Alcohol 2014; 49:586-92. [PMID: 25015980 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agu041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS While laws restrict alcohol access to youth under the age of 16/18 (fermented/distilled beverages) in Switzerland, direct underage accessibility is high. Focusing on underage youth, our study presents an inventory of primary and alternative modes of access to alcohol and investigates associations with youth characteristics. METHODS Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and self-report questionnaires. In total, 223 underage youth aged 15-17 years were interviewed. RESULTS Overall, about half of the participants reported illegal commercial purchase, either direct or by underage peer, in on- (49.3%) and/or off-premise (48.0%) contexts. Off-premise purchase by proxy of legal age (30.5%; excluding shoulder-tapping), social supply off-premise (i.e. receiving/exchanging alcohol; 26.5%) and direct purchases in on- (13.9%) and off-premise (11.2%) contexts were the most recurrent primary modes of access. Significant associations of direct purchases with frequency of consumption and perceived alcohol availability were recorded. Associations between primary and alternative ways to access alcohol, in particular, between on-premise modes, were also evidenced. CONCLUSION Providing an overview of the context of underage alcohol access in Switzerland and an indirect view of youth perceptions of limitations of existing structural measures has identified particularly the need for enforcement of existing legislation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kuendig
- Addiction Switzerland, Research Institute, CH-1003 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Georges
- Addiction Switzerland, Research Institute, CH-1003 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - F Labhart
- Addiction Switzerland, Research Institute, CH-1003 Lausanne, Switzerland
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27
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Pourovskii LV, Hansmann P, Ferrero M, Georges A. Theoretical prediction and spectroscopic fingerprints of an orbital transition in CeCu2Si2. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 112:106407. [PMID: 24679316 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.106407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We show that the heavy-fermion compound CeCu2Si2 undergoes a transition between two regimes dominated by different crystal-field states. At low pressure P and low temperature T the Ce 4f electron resides in the atomic crystal-field ground state, while at high P or T, the electron occupancy and spectral weight is transferred to an excited crystal-field level that hybridizes more strongly with itinerant states. These findings result from first-principles dynamical-mean-field-theory calculations. We predict experimental signatures of this orbital transition in x-ray spectroscopy. The corresponding fluctuations may be responsible for the second high-pressure superconducting dome observed in this and similar materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- L V Pourovskii
- Centre de Physique Théorique, CNRS, École Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France and Swedish e-science Research Centre (SeRC), Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, SE-58183 Linköping, Sweden
| | - P Hansmann
- Centre de Physique Théorique, CNRS, École Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - M Ferrero
- Centre de Physique Théorique, CNRS, École Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - A Georges
- Centre de Physique Théorique, CNRS, École Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France and Collège de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France and DPMC, Université de Genève, 24 quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
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Schwanz LE, Ezaz T, Gruber B, Georges A. Novel evolutionary pathways of sex-determining mechanisms. J Evol Biol 2013; 26:2544-57. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. E. Schwanz
- Institute for Applied Ecology; University of Canberra; Canberra ACT Australia
| | - T. Ezaz
- Institute for Applied Ecology; University of Canberra; Canberra ACT Australia
| | - B. Gruber
- Institute for Applied Ecology; University of Canberra; Canberra ACT Australia
| | - A. Georges
- Institute for Applied Ecology; University of Canberra; Canberra ACT Australia
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Georges
- Institute for Applied Ecology; University of Canberra; Canberra Australia
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Sakai S, Blanc S, Civelli M, Gallais Y, Cazayous M, Méasson MA, Wen JS, Xu ZJ, Gu GD, Sangiovanni G, Motome Y, Held K, Sacuto A, Georges A, Imada M. Raman-scattering measurements and theory of the energy-momentum spectrum for underdoped Bi2Sr2CaCuO(8+δ) superconductors: evidence of an s-wave structure for the pseudogap. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:107001. [PMID: 25166695 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.107001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We reveal the full energy-momentum structure of the pseudogap of underdoped high-Tc cuprate superconductors. Our combined theoretical and experimental analysis explains the spectral-weight suppression observed in the B2g Raman response at finite energies in terms of a pseudogap appearing in the single-electron excitation spectra above the Fermi level in the nodal direction of momentum space. This result suggests an s-wave pseudogap (which never closes in the energy-momentum space), distinct from the d-wave superconducting gap. Recent tunneling and photoemission experiments on underdoped cuprates also find a natural explanation within the s-wave pseudogap scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sakai
- Centre de Physique Théorique, École Polytechnique, CNRS, 91128 Palaiseau, France and Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan and JST-CREST, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - S Blanc
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomnes Quantiques (UMR 7162 CNRS), Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - M Civelli
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, UMR 8502, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Y Gallais
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomnes Quantiques (UMR 7162 CNRS), Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - M Cazayous
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomnes Quantiques (UMR 7162 CNRS), Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - M-A Méasson
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomnes Quantiques (UMR 7162 CNRS), Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - J S Wen
- Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z J Xu
- Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G D Gu
- Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G Sangiovanni
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany and Institute for Solid State Physics, Vienna University of Technology, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Y Motome
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - K Held
- Institute for Solid State Physics, Vienna University of Technology, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - A Sacuto
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomnes Quantiques (UMR 7162 CNRS), Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - A Georges
- Centre de Physique Théorique, École Polytechnique, CNRS, 91128 Palaiseau, France and JST-CREST, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan and Collège de France, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France and DPMC, Université de Genève, 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Genève, Suisse
| | - M Imada
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan and JST-CREST, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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Mascali R, Querques G, Georges A, Souied E. [Spontaneous rupture of a drusenoid pigment epithelium detachment]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2013; 36:901-3. [PMID: 23932483 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2013.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Mascali
- Service d'ophtalmologie, centre hospitalier intercommunal Créteil, 40, avenue de Verdun, 94000 Créteil, France
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Georges A, Alterman T, Gabbard S, Grzywacz JG, Shen R, Nakamoto J, Carroll DJ, Muntaner C. Depression, Social Factors, and Farmworker Health Care Utilization. J Rural Health 2013; 29 Suppl 1:s7-16. [DOI: 10.1111/jrh.12008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Georges
- Aguirre Division; JBS International; Burlingame California
| | - T. Alterman
- Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluation and Field Studies; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; Cincinnati Ohio
| | - S. Gabbard
- Aguirre Division; JBS International; Burlingame California
| | - J. G. Grzywacz
- Department of Human Development and Family Science; Oklahoma State University, Kaiser Family Endowed Professor of Family Resilience, Center for Family Resilience; Tulsa Oklahoma
| | - R. Shen
- Emergint Technologies; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Cincinnati Ohio
| | - J. Nakamoto
- Aguirre Division; JBS International; Burlingame California
| | - D. J. Carroll
- Employment and Training Administration; US Department of Labor; Washington DC
| | - C. Muntaner
- University of Toronto School of Public Health; Toronto Ontario Canada
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Fielder D, Vernes K, Alacs E, Georges A. Mitochondrial variation among Australian freshwater turtles (genus Myuchelys), with special reference to the Endangered M. bellii. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2012. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- D. S. Bower
- Institute for Applied Ecology; University of Canberra; Canberra; ACT; Australia
| | | | - A. Georges
- Institute for Applied Ecology; University of Canberra; Canberra; ACT; Australia
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Georges A, Corcuff JB, Brossaud J, Bordenave L. Particularités méthodologiques et interprétation du dosage de thyroglobuline sérique. Médecine Nucléaire 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mednuc.2011.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Georges A, Spencer RJ, Welsh M, Shaffer HB, Walsh R, Zhang X. Application of the precautionary principle to taxa of uncertain status: the case of the Bellinger River turtle. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2011. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Reid BN, LE M, McCord WP, Iverson JB, Georges A, Bergmann T, Amato G, Desalle R, Naro-Maciel E. Comparing and combining distance-based and character-based approaches for barcoding turtles. Mol Ecol Resour 2011; 11:956-67. [PMID: 21635698 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2011.03032.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Molecular barcoding can serve as a powerful tool in wildlife forensics and may prove to be a vital aid in conserving organisms that are threatened by illegal wildlife trade, such as turtles (Order Testudines). We produced cytochrome oxidase subunit one (COI) sequences (650 bp) for 174 turtle species and combined these with publicly available sequences for 50 species to produce a data set representative of the breadth of the order. Variability within the barcode region was assessed, and the utility of both distance-based and character-based methods for species identification was evaluated. For species in which genetic material from more than one individual was available (n = 69), intraspecific divergences were 1.3% on average, although divergences greater than the customary 2% barcode threshold occurred within 15 species. High intraspecific divergences could indicate species with a high degree of internal genetic structure or possibly even cryptic species, although introgression is also probable in some of these taxa. Divergences between species of the same genus were 6.4% on average; however, 49 species were <2% divergent from congeners. Low levels of interspecific divergence could be caused by recent evolutionary radiations coupled with the low rates of mtDNA evolution previously observed in turtles. Complementing distance-based barcoding with character-based methods for identifying diagnostic sets of nucleotides provided better resolution in several cases where distance-based methods failed to distinguish species. An online identification engine was created to provide character-based identifications. This study constitutes the first comprehensive barcoding effort for this seriously threatened order.
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Affiliation(s)
- B N Reid
- Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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Nascimbène S, Navon N, Pilati S, Chevy F, Giorgini S, Georges A, Salomon C. Fermi-liquid behavior of the normal phase of a strongly interacting gas of cold atoms. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 106:215303. [PMID: 21699311 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.215303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2011] [Revised: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We measure the magnetic susceptibility of a Fermi gas with tunable interactions in the low-temperature limit and compare it to quantum Monte Carlo calculations. Experiment and theory are in excellent agreement and fully compatible with the Landau theory of Fermi liquids. We show that these measurements shed new light on the nature of the excitations of the normal phase of a strongly interacting Fermi gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nascimbène
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, CNRS, UPMC, École Normale Supérieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France.
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Jördens R, Tarruell L, Greif D, Uehlinger T, Strohmaier N, Moritz H, Esslinger T, De Leo L, Kollath C, Georges A, Scarola V, Pollet L, Burovski E, Kozik E, Troyer M. Quantitative determination of temperature in the approach to magnetic order of ultracold fermions in an optical lattice. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 104:180401. [PMID: 20482156 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.180401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2009] [Revised: 03/23/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We perform a quantitative simulation of the repulsive Fermi-Hubbard model using an ultracold gas trapped in an optical lattice. The entropy of the system is determined by comparing accurate measurements of the equilibrium double occupancy with theoretical calculations over a wide range of parameters. We demonstrate the applicability of both high-temperature series and dynamical mean-field theory to obtain quantitative agreement with the experimental data. The reliability of the entropy determination is confirmed by a comprehensive analysis of all systematic errors. In the center of the Mott insulating cloud we obtain an entropy per atom as low as 0.77k(B) which is about twice as large as the entropy at the Néel transition. The corresponding temperature depends on the atom number and for small fillings reaches values on the order of the tunneling energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Jördens
- Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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Ezaz T, Sarre SD, O'Meally D, Graves JAM, Georges A. Sex chromosome evolution in lizards: independent origins and rapid transitions. Cytogenet Genome Res 2010; 127:249-60. [PMID: 20332599 DOI: 10.1159/000300507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Reptiles epitomize the variability of reproductive and sex determining modes and mechanisms among amniotes. These modes include gonochorism (separate sexes) and parthenogenesis, oviparity, viviparity, and ovoviviparity, genotypic sex determination (GSD) with male (XX/XY) and female (ZZ/ZW) heterogamety and temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD). Lizards (order Squamata, suborder Sauria) are particularly fascinating because the distribution of sex-determining mechanisms shows no clear phylogenetic segregation. This implies that there have been multiple transitions between TSD and GSD, and between XY and ZW sex chromosome systems. Approximately 1,000 species of lizards have been karyotyped and among those, fewer than 200 species have sex chromosomes, yet they display remarkable diversity in morphology and degree of degeneration. The high diversity of sex chromosomes as well as the presence of species with TSD, imply multiple and independent origins of sex chromosomes, and suggest that the mechanisms of sex determination are extremely labile in lizards. In this paper, we review the current state of knowledge of sex chromosomes in lizards and the distribution of sex determining mechanisms and sex chromosome forms within and among families. We establish for the first time an association between the occurrence of female heterogamety and TSD within lizard families, and propose mechanisms by which female heterogamety and TSD may have co-evolved. We suggest that lizard sex determination may be much more the result of an interplay between sex chromosomes and temperature than previously thought, such that the sex determination mode is influenced by the nature of heterogamety as well as temperature sensitivity and the stage of sex chromosome degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ezaz
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
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Georges A, Ezaz T, Quinn A, Sarre S. Are Reptiles Predisposed to Temperature- Dependent Sex Determination? Sex Dev 2010; 4:7-15. [DOI: 10.1159/000279441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2009] [Accepted: 06/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Alacs EA, Georges A, FitzSimmons NN, Robertson J. DNA detective: a review of molecular approaches to wildlife forensics. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2009; 6:180-94. [PMID: 20013321 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-009-9131-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Illegal trade of wildlife is growing internationally and is worth more than USD$20 billion per year. DNA technologies are well suited to detect and provide evidence for cases of illicit wildlife trade yet many of the methods have not been verified for forensic applications and the diverse range of methods employed can be confusing for forensic practitioners. In this review, we describe the various genetic techniques used to provide evidence for wildlife cases and thereby exhibit the diversity of forensic questions that can be addressed using currently available genetic technologies. We emphasise that the genetic technologies to provide evidence for wildlife cases are already available, but that the research underpinning their use in forensics is lacking. Finally we advocate and encourage greater collaboration of forensic scientists with conservation geneticists to develop research programs for phylogenetic, phylogeography and population genetics studies to jointly benefit conservation and management of traded species and to provide a scientific basis for the development of forensic methods for the regulation and policing of wildlife trade.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Alacs
- Institute for Applied Ecology and National Centre for Forensic Studies, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
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Quinn AE, Ezaz T, Sarre SD, Graves JAM, Georges A. Extension, single-locus conversion and physical mapping of sex chromosome sequences identify the Z microchromosome and pseudo-autosomal region in a dragon lizard, Pogona vitticeps. Heredity (Edinb) 2009; 104:410-7. [DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2009.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Morel S, Georges A, Bordenave L, Corcuff JB. Thyroid and gastric autoimmune diseases. Annales d'Endocrinologie 2009; 70:55-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2008.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2008] [Revised: 11/18/2008] [Accepted: 11/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Lesesve
- Services d'Hématologie biologique et de Médecine Infantile, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Inserm, Nancy, France.
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Georges A, Varret M, Bonnefont-Rousselot D, Champigneulle J, Guedenet JC, Abifadel M, Rabes JP, Bruckert E, Boileau C, Bouma-Samson M, Morali A. SFP-P057 – Hépatologie, gastro-entérologie et nutrition – La maladie d’Anderson : identification d’une nouvelle mutation du gène SARA2. Arch Pediatr 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(08)72190-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Civelli M, Capone M, Georges A, Haule K, Parcollet O, Stanescu TD, Kotliar G. Nodal-antinodal dichotomy and the two gaps of a superconducting doped Mott insulator. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:046402. [PMID: 18352310 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.046402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We study the superconducting state of the hole-doped two-dimensional Hubbard model using cellular dynamical mean-field theory, with the Lanczos method as impurity solver. In the underdoped regime, we find a natural decomposition of the one-particle (photoemission) energy gap into two components. The gap in the nodal regions, stemming from the anomalous self-energy, decreases with decreasing doping. The antinodal gap has an additional contribution from the normal component of the self-energy, inherited from the normal-state pseudogap, and it increases as the Mott insulating phase is approached.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Civelli
- Theory Group, Institut Laue Langevin, Grenoble, France
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Pétillon J, Georges A, Canard A, Ysnel F. Impact of cutting and sheep grazing on ground-active spiders and carabids in intertidal salt marshes (Western France). Anim Biodiv Conserv 2007. [DOI: 10.32800/abc.2007.30.0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to characterize spider (Araneae) and ground beetle (Coleoptera Carabidae) communities in managed (cutting and sheep grazing) and non-managed salt marshes and to assess the efficiency of management regimes in these particular ecosystems. The two groups were studied during 2002 in salt marshes of the Mont Saint-Michel Bay (NW France) using pitfall traps. By opening soil and vegetation structures cutting and grazing enhanced the abundances of some halophilic species of spiders and ground beetles. Nevertheless, grazing appeared to be too intensive as spider species richness decreased. We discuss the implications of management practices in terms of nature conservation and their application in the particular area of intertidal salt marshes.
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Sacher F, Corcuff JB, Schraub P, Le Bouffos V, Georges A, Jones SO, Lafitte S, Bordachar P, Hocini M, Clementy J, Haissaguerre M, Bordenave L, Roudaut R, Jais P. Chronic atrial fibrillation ablation impact on endocrine and mechanical cardiac functions. Eur Heart J 2007; 29:1290-5. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehm577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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d'Almeida M, Georges A, Bordenave L, Corcuff JB. [About a case of congenital hypothyroidism]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 2007; 65:539-43. [PMID: 17913673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2007] [Accepted: 07/03/2007] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A boy presented at birth dyspnea, jaundice, meteorism and hypospadias; biochemical testing revealed hyponatremia. He benefited on day 4 of neonatal screening for hypothyroidism and congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and assays showed high concentrations of 17-OHP and TSH. Because of clinical features and hyponatremia, the diagnosis of CAH was plausible. A serum control (17-OHP and TSH) carried out on day 8 showed a normal concentration of 17-OHP and a persistently elevated concentration of TSH confirmed by a second assay a few days later. A 131I scan of neck revealed an ectopic lingual thyroid. The considerable progression of false positive screening tests for CAH is mainly due to the increasing number of premature babies. We show by a retrospective analysis (7 yrs), that children with hypothyroidism also present frequently higher concentrations of 17-OHP than normal children. However, whatever the aetiology (apart from CAH), the concentrations of 17-OHP rapidly normalise.
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Affiliation(s)
- M d'Almeida
- Service de médecine nucléaire, CHU de Bordeaux.
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