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Hayakawa N, Sato Y, Nagasaka A, Mano Y, Nagasaka T, Nakai A, Iwase K, Yoshida S. High levels of DNA polymerase β mRNA corresponding with the high activity in Graves' thyroid tissue. J Endocrinol Invest 2017; 40:385-389. [PMID: 27848228 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-016-0571-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High DNA polymerase β activity has been observed in the thyroid tissue of patients with Graves' disease (Nagasaka et al. in Metabolism 37:1051-1054, 1988). This fact aroused our interest in whether the alteration of DNA polymerase β activity depends on DNA polymerase β (DNA poly β) mRNA levels, which may be modulated by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or thyroid-stimulating substances, i.e. TSH receptor antibody (TRAb). RESULT Addition of TSH or TRAb to primary cultures of Graves' disease thyroid cells for 4 h led to no increase in DNA poly β mRNA levels. In contrast, thyroid hormone synthesizing enzyme, peroxidase, mRNA levels increased fivefold after coculture with TSH and TRAb, even though DNA poly β activity and mRNA levels are already significantly higher in Graves' disease thyroid tissues, compared with normal thyroid tissue. DISCUSSION These results indicate that DNA poly β expression in Graves' disease thyroid cells may be maximally activated or plateau in response to thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins, or that the activation of to poly β expression may occur via pathways other than the G protein and cyclic AMP system.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hayakawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Y Sato
- Faculty of Agriculture, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - A Nagasaka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Y Mano
- Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan.
| | - T Nagasaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - A Nakai
- Nakai Clinic, Chita, Aichi, 478-0041, Japan
| | - K Iwase
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - S Yoshida
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Research Institute for Disease Mechanism and Control , Nagoya University School of Medicne, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
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Oba A, Nakamura M, Murai T, Matsuda C, Itaya K, Koike Y, Endo A, Tsukuda Y, Ono Y, Kudo T, Nagasaka A, Nishikawa S. 543P Thromboembolism in gastrointestinal tract cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: Preplanned analysis of risk factors and survival. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw599.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Nakamura M, Ishiguro A, Muranaka T, Yuki S, Ohno K, Murai T, Matsuda C, Oba A, Itaya K, Yagisawa M, Koike Y, Endo A, Tsukuda Y, Ono Y, Kudo T, Nagasaka A, Nishikawa S, Komatsu Y. A prospective observational study of the impact on bone metabolism of short-term periodic steroid premedication of chemotherapy for gastrointestinal cancer. (ESPRESSO-01 study): pre-planed subgroup analysis. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw370.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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4
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Takahashi Y, Sakurai T, Fujikawa M, Nagasaka A, Hui S, Jin S, Takeda S, Fuda H, Ito Y, Chiba H. Development of an automated assay for apoe-containing hdl-cholesterol. Atherosclerosis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
Many cells die during mammalian development and are engulfed by macrophages. In DNase II(-/-) embryos, the TUNEL-positive DNA of apoptotic cells is left undigested in macrophages, providing a system for studying programmed cell death during mouse development. Here, we showed that an Apaf-1-null mutation in the DNase II(-/-) embryos greatly reduced the number of macrophages carrying DNA at E11.5. However, at later stages of the embryogenesis, a significant number of macrophages carrying undigested DNA were present in Apaf-1(-/-) embryos, indicating that cells died and were engulfed in an Apaf-1-independent manner. In most tissues of the Apaf-1(-/-) embryos, no processed caspase-3 was detected, and the DNA of dead cells accumulated in the macrophages appeared intact. Many nonapoptotic dead cells were found in the tail of the Apaf-1(-/-) embryos, suggesting that the Apaf-1-independent programmed cell death occurred, and these dead cells were engulfed by macrophages. In contrast, active caspase-3 was detected in E14.5 thymus of Apaf-1(-/-) embryos. Treatment of fetal thymocytes with staurosporine, but not etoposide, induced processing of procaspases 3 and 9, indicating that the E14.5 thymocytes have the ability to undergo caspase-dependent apoptosis in an Apaf-1-independent manner. Thus, programmed cell death in mouse development, which normally proceeds in an efficient Apaf-1-depenent mechanism, appears to be backed up by Apaf-1-independent death systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nagasaka
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe, Sakyo-ku, Japan
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Sugiyama H, Matsue H, Nagasaka A, Nakamura Y, Tsukamoto K, Shibagaki N, Kawamura T, Kitamura R, Ando N, Shimada S. CD4 +CD25 high Regulatory T Cells Are Markedly Decreased in Blood of Patients with Pemphigus Vulgaris. Dermatology 2007; 214:210-20. [PMID: 17377382 DOI: 10.1159/000099585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2006] [Accepted: 08/19/2006] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It remains to be determined whether pemphigus vulgaris (PV), an autoimmune blistering disease, has a reduction and/or dysfunction of CD4(+)CD25(high) regulatory T (Treg) cells. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the frequency and phenotypes of Treg cells in blood of patients with PV. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were prepared from PV patients as well as normal and disease control volunteers, and the frequency and phenotypes of Treg cells were determined by flow cytometry. CD4(+)CD25(+) and CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of PV patients and normal controls were subjected to real-time semiquantitative RT-PCR for the expression of Foxp3 gene. RESULTS The proportion of Treg cells in all PV patients was severely reduced, approximately ten times less than controls. These observations were further confirmed by both diminished gene and protein expression of Foxp3 in the CD4(+)CD25(+) T cell population in PV patients. CONCLUSIONS Numerical impairment of Treg cells may be involved in the pathogenesis of PV.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sugiyama
- Department of Dermatology, University of Yamanashi, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, Chuo, Japan
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Fujiwara K, Nagasaka A, Nagata M, Yamamoto K, Imamura S, Oda N, Sawai Y, Hayakawa N, Suzuki A, Itoh M. A stable prostacyclin analogue reduces high serum TNF-alpha levels in diabetic patients. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2005; 112:390-4. [PMID: 15239025 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-821024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To confirm whether a prostacyclin (prostaglandin I (2)) affects the increased TNF-alpha concentration in sera of diabetic patients, we measured serum TNF-alpha concentration and treated these patients with oral administration of the stable prostacyclin analogue (Beraprost). Twelve of 20 type II diabetic patients were investigated for follow up-study and 6 of those patients were for therapy with Beraprost for diabetic neuropathy. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Serum TNF-alpha concentration was quantified by EASIA using monoclonal antibodies directed against distinct epitopes of TNF-alpha. RESULTS In diabetic patients, serum TNF-alpha concentration was significantly increased compared with that of healthy subjects. The augmented TNF-alpha concentration in these patients was not decreased by diabetic control using antihyperglycemic agents for 8 weeks but was reduced with oral administration of a stable prostacyclin (prostaglandin I (2)) analogue for 5 weeks without any changes of blood glucose levels. CONCLUSIONS Stable prostacyclin analogue administration for a short term period reduced increased TNF-alpha levels in diabetic patients, not through the improved hyperglycemic condition but another pathway, probably a cAMP system. These results imply that treatment with the prostacyclin analogue may contribute to the prevention of progression in diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fujiwara
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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Kakizawa H, Itoh Y, Imamura S, Matsumoto T, Ishiwata Y, Ono Y, Yamamoto K, Kato T, Hayakawa N, Oda N, Goto Y, Goto Y, Nagasaka A, Senda T, Itoh M. Possible role of VEGF in the progression of kidney disease in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats: effects of an ACE inhibitor and an angiotensin II receptor antagonist. Horm Metab Res 2004; 36:458-64. [PMID: 15305228 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-825725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Two endothelium-derived factors, endothelin (ET), a vasoconstrictor, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), an angiogenic factor are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular complications. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of an angiotensin II type I (AT-1) receptor antagonist and an ACE inhibitor on the pathogenesis of VEGF and ET-1-mediated kidney disease in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Two days after STZ administration, diabetic rats were treated for 8 weeks with enalapril maleate, an ACE inhibitor, candesartan cilexetil, an AT-1 receptor antagonist, or saline. Urinary albumin and N-acetyl beta-D glucosaminidase (NAG) excretion as well as the VEGF protein content in the kidney were all found to be elevated in diabetic rats. Administration of enalapril maleate or candesartan cilexetil decreased the level of microalbuminuria and NAG excretion in diabetic rats. Administration of enalapril maleate also suppressed the elevated renal VEGF protein content in these animals while candesartan cilexetil treatment had no effect. Serum ET-1 and VEGF levels were unchanged by these treatments. These data support a role for AT-1 receptor antagonists and ACE inhibitors in the prevention of diabetic nephropathy, and suggest that the former may work by reducing renal VEGF levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kakizawa
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University, School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
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Ota M, Mori K, Nakashima A, Kaneko YS, Ota A, Fujiwara K, Itoh M, Nagasaka A. Peripheral injection of risperidone, an atypical antipsychotic, alters the bodyweight gains of rats: reply. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2003. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1681.2003.t01-2-03854.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Itoh Y, Imamura S, Yamamoto K, Ono Y, Nagata M, Kobayashi T, Kato T, Tomita M, Nakai A, Itoh M, Nagasaka A. Changes of endothelin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: effects of an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, enalapril maleate. J Endocrinol 2002; 175:233-9. [PMID: 12379508 DOI: 10.1677/joe.0.1750233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Endothelin-1 (ET-1) concentrations are increased in patients with diabetes mellitus, particularly those with diabetic retinopathy, or essential hypertension. We hypothesized that ET-1 might participate in the development and progression of diabetic microangiopathy. In this study, the effects of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, enalapril maleate, on diabetic angiopathy were examined in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic (STZ-DM) rats by monitoring variations in renal function and ET-1 concentrations in blood and organ tissues. Significant increases in kidney weight and in concentrations of urinary albumin, N-acetyl-fl-d-glucosamidase (NAG) and serum ET-1 were observed in the STZ-DM rats as compared with the non-diabetic rats, and the concentration of ET-1 in the kidneys tended to be increased. Microscopic and electron microscopic analyses showed increased mesangial cell proliferation, matrix expansion and enlarged mesangial area in the kidney of the diabetic rats. After administration of the ACE inhibitor, increased concentrations of urinary albumin and NAG in the STZ-DM rats were reduced to the control values with a slight improvement in the electron microscopic changes. These data suggest that ET-1 may be involved in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy and may explain, in part, why diabetes is liable to complicate hypertension. ACE inhibitor may help to restore diabetic nephropathy in the STZ-induced diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Itoh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
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11
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Itoh Y, Nakai A, Kakizawa H, Makino M, Fujiwara K, Kobayashi T, Kato T, Nagata M, Oda N, Katsumata H, Nagasaka A, Itoh M. Alteration of endothelin-1 concentration in STZ-induced diabetic rat nephropathy. Effects of a PGI(2) derivative. Horm Res Paediatr 2002; 56:165-71. [PMID: 11910202 DOI: 10.1159/000048113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, an endothelin (ET-1) with a potent vasoconstrictive activity and stimulative activity of vascular muscular cell growth was discovered and blood ET-1 levels were higher in diabetic patients than in healthy subjects, suggesting that high ET-1 levels assist development and progression of diabetic microangiography. METHODS We examined renal function, and serum and tissue ET-1 levels in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats treated with a prostaglandin (PG) I(2) derivative to investigate the effect of PGI(2) in diabetic vascular disturbance. RESULTS Renal weight, urinary albumin, urinary N-acetyl-beta,D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and serum ET-1 levels increased in STZ-induced diabetic rats, and a tendency to increase in renal tissue ET-1 levels was observed. Furthermore, electron-microscopic findings in the kidneys showed mesangial cell proliferation and mesangial matrix expansion which might be caused by diabetic nephropathy. The PGI(2) derivative reduced urinary albumin and NAG levels in STZ-induced rats. It was considered, therefore, that the PGI(2) derivative is effective in diabetic nephropathy. As the PGI(2) derivative also reduced renal tissue ET-1 levels, improvement of diabetic nephropathy partially was considered to result from the reduction of renal tissue ET-1 levels. CONCLUSION In STZ-induced rats, increased serum ET-1 levels and a tendency to increase in renal tissue ET-1 levels were associated with increases in urinary albumin and NAG levels, and these levels were decreased by a PGI(2) derivative. These findings suggested that increased ET-1 concentrations assist development and progression of diabetic nephropathy, especially diabetic microangiopathy, and the PGI(2) derivative may be effective for inhibition of diabetic microangiopathy mediated by reduction of ET-1 concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Itoh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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Makino M, Oda N, Miura N, Imamura S, Yamamoto K, Kato T, Fujiwara K, Sawai Y, Iwase K, Nagasaka A, Itoh M. Effect of eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester on hypothyroid function. J Endocrinol 2001; 171:259-65. [PMID: 11691645 DOI: 10.1677/joe.0.1710259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones affect reactions in almost all pathways of lipid metabolism. It has been reported that plasma free fatty acid (FFA) concentration in hypothyroidism is generally within the normal range. In this study, however, we show that plasma FFA concentration in some hypothyroid patients is higher than the normal range. Symptoms of thyroid dysfunction in these individuals were less severe than those of patients with lower plasma FFA concentrations. From these findings we hypothesized that the change in FFA concentration must correlate with thyroid function. Using an animal model, we then examined the effect of highly purified eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester (EPA-E), a n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid derived from fish oil, on thyroid function in 1-methyl-2-imidazolethiol (MMI)-induced hypothyroid rats. Oral administration of EPA-E inhibited reduction of thyroid hormone levels and the change of thyroid follicles in MMI-induced hypothyroid rats. These findings suggest that FFA may affect thyroid functions and EPA-E may prevent MMI-induced hypothyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Makino
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
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13
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Itoh Y, Yasui T, Kakizawa H, Makino M, Fujiwara K, Kato T, Imamura S, Yamamoto K, Hishida H, Nakai A, Itoh M, Nagasaka A. The therapeutic effect of lipo PGE1 on diabetic neuropathy-changes in endothelin and various angiopathic factors. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2001; 66:221-34. [PMID: 11577785 DOI: 10.1016/s0090-6980(01)00165-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A high blood concentration of endothelin (ET)-1 may participate in the onset and progress of diabetic microangiopathy, resulting in neuropathy. We examined the therapeutic effects of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), which possesses both a peripheral vasodilating action and inhibition of platelet aggregation, on diabetic microangiopathy. Increases in both skin temperature and peripheral never conduction velocity in diabetic patients were recorded four weeks after Lipo PGE1 administration. A quantitative decrease in urinary albumin concentration was also observed, suggesting its efficacy of action was on diabetic nephropathy. Lipo PGE1 administration reduced the elevated circulating plasma ET-1 levels in the diabetic patients. As an increase in ET-1 concentrations is thought to correlate with the onset and progress of diabetic microangiopathy, the reduction of plasma ET-1 concentration by Lipo PGE1 administration may be one reason for the improvement in diabetic neuropathy and nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Itoh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.
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Katsura K, Sasaki A, Nagasaka A, Fuji M, Miyake Y, Hashiba T. Complete nucleotide sequence of the linear DNA plasmid pRS224 with hairpin loops from Rhizoctonia solani and its unique transcriptional form. Curr Genet 2001; 40:195-202. [PMID: 11727995 DOI: 10.1007/s002940100243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The complete nucleotide sequence of the linear DNA plasmid (pRS224-1) from the plant-pathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani isolate H-16 was determined; and its unique RNA transcripts were characterized. The pRS224-1 DNA consists of 4,986 nucleotides. A computer-based study of the folding of pRS224-1 at both termini predicted hairpin-loop structures. The hairpin loops consisted of the left and right termini of 236 and 264 nucleotides, respectively, and share no sequence homology. Unique poly(A) RNAs, 4.7 kb and 7.4 kb in length and hybridizing with the pRS224 DNA, were found in mycelial cells of R. solani H-16. Transcript product-mapping allowed the prediction of the locations of different expression signals. The 7.4-kb transcript is generated from the left terminal region of the complementary strand, via the full-length sense-strand, to the right terminal region of the complementary strand. The 4.7-kb transcript is generated from the center region of the sense strand to the right terminal region of the complementary strand. One open reading frame (ORF) found in pRS224-1 is 887 amino acids long and has a potential coding capacity of 102 kDa. The ORF contains the highly conserved domains characteristic of reverse transcriptase sequences, including the highly conserved YXDD sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Katsura
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Nagasaka A, Takahashi T, Sasaki T, Takimoto K, Miyashita K, Nakamura M, Wakahama O, Nishikawa S, Higuchi A. Cryoglobulinemia in Japanese patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection: host genetic and virological study. J Med Virol 2001; 65:52-7. [PMID: 11505443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Essential cryoglobulinemia is associated closely with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The mechanism responsible for occurrence of the disease is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate pathogenetic roles of HCV in cryoglobulinemia. One hundred sixty-seven consecutive patients with HCV were studied clinically by HCV grouping, HCV RNA levels, GBV-C/HGV, HCV quasispecies (target region was hypervariable region-1) and HLA polymorphism. The quasispecies in cryoprecipitate were compared with those in supernatant. The results of HLA polymorphism of patients with cryoglobulinemia were compared with those without cryoglobulinemia and healthy controls. The frequency of HCV-related cryoglobulinemia was 71 of 167 (42.5%). Patients with cirrhosis (36 of 63, 57.1%) had cryoglobulinemia more frequently than those with chronic hepatitis (35 of 104, 33.7%, P < 0.01). No significant differences were not found between the two groups (patients with and without cryoglobulinemia) in age, gender, HCV grouping, HCV RNA level and frequency of GBV-C/HGV. HCV was found quantitatively and clonally more frequently in the cryoprecipitate than in the supernatant. HLA polymorphism presented no significant differences among three groups. The stage of liver disease is one of pathogenetic factors. The greater the presence of HCV quasispecies in cryoprecipitate than in the supernatant indicates that various antigen presentations play an important role in the formation of cryoglobulin, whereas HLA typing dose not seem to contribute to the development of cryoglobulinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nagasaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sapporo City General Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
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16
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Onozawa M, Nishikawa S, Takagi K, Nakamura M, Kudo T, Nagasaka A, Wakahama O, Higuchi A. [A case report of duodenal stenosis caused by retroperitoneum hematoma due to rupture of pancreaticoduodenal artery aneurysm]. Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi 2001; 98:837-41. [PMID: 11510087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Onozawa
- Departoment of Gastroenterology, Sapporo General Hospital
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17
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Oda N, Nakai A, Fujiwara K, Imamura S, Fujita T, Hamagishi M, Kato T, Kobayashi T, Himeno Y, Yamamoto K, Makino M, Kakizawa H, Sawai Y, Itoh M, Nagasaka A. Polymorphisms of the insulin gene among Japanese subjects. Metabolism 2001; 50:631-4. [PMID: 11398136 DOI: 10.1053/meta.2001.23283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We have sequenced the insulin gene in 72 unrelated Japanese subjects (52 with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 20 with normal glucose tolerance). We identified 6 mutations and all were found at a low frequency (1% to 4%). Three mutations were new. These included a C-to-G substitution in the promoter region, a G-to-A substitution in codon-2 resulting in an Ala-to-Thr replacement in amino acid -2 of the signal peptide, and a G-to-A substitution in intron 2. We have no evidence that any of the mutations that we found are the cause of diabetes. Thus, mutations in the insulin gene do not appear to be an important genetic factor contributing to the development of diabetes in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Oda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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Miyashita K, Nagasaka A, Nakanishi M, Kudo T, Wakahama O, Nishikawa S, Higuchi A, Sato H. [An alpha-fetoprotein and PIVKA-II producing carcinoma of the colon: report of a case]. Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi 2000; 97:1480-6. [PMID: 11193493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Miyashita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sapporo City General Hospital
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Iwase M, Koie S, Nagasaka A, Kimura M, Hasegawa K, Matsuyama H, Nomura M, Hishida H. Clinical usefulness of intravenous albunex for the Doppler assessment of aortic stenosis. Jpn Circ J 2000; 64:672-8. [PMID: 10981851 DOI: 10.1253/jcj.64.672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Optimal Doppler recordings of stenotic aortic flow are not always easy to obtain. Therefore, the present study investigated how useful intravenous Albunex injections were for improving the Doppler assessment of pressure gradients for aortic stenosis in 20 consecutive patients who underwent Doppler and left-heart catheterization studies within a 1-week period. Continuous-wave Doppler echocardiography was performed using both a 2.5 MHz duplex and a 1.9MHz independent transducer before and after Albunex injections. The maximum and mean pressure gradients were calculated from the highest Doppler velocity tracings using the simplified Bernoulli equation. Pullback catheterization pressure tracings from the left ventricle to the ascending aorta were superimposed for determination of the maximum instantaneous and mean pressure gradients. The Doppler-derived peak and mean pressure gradients showed significant underestimation compared with the catheterization gradients (23+/-17 mmHg and 11+/-7 mmHg, respectively). However, this underestimation disappeared with Albunex injection (-2+/-7 mmHg and -1+/-4mmHg, respectively). Although the Doppler-derived instantaneous and mean pressure gradients correlated well with the catheterization gradients (r=0.909 and r=0.879, respectively), they became much closer with Albunex (r=0.987 and r=0.963, respectively). The improvements in the Doppler-derived peak pressure gradients were significant from an apical window (n=12, 84-120mmHg, p<0.001). but less so from non-apical windows (n=8, 84-91 mmHg, p=0.0146). Accordingly, Albunex is most useful for Doppler recordings of stenotic aortic flow available from the apical window, but not less so from other acoustic windows.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Iwase
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University, School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
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20
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypertrophy of the thyroid gland in Graves' disease is related to an autoimmune response directed against TSH receptors found in thyroid cells. Recently, investigators have suggested that autoimmune diseases, including thyroid diseases may, at least in part, correlate with the expression of proteins encoded by the retroviral genome. In the present study, to confirm the correlation between thyroid autoimmune disorders and retroviral infections, we examined reverse transcriptase (RT) activity in thyroid tissues as a marker of retroviral infection. PATIENTS AND MEASUREMENTS Thyroid tissues obtained at surgery from patients with various thyroid disorders (normal thyroid adjacent to adenoma, six cases; Graves' disease thyroid tissue, 25 cases; adenoma, eight cases; papillary carcinoma, 12 cases; Graves' disease peripheral blood lymphocytes, 11 cases) were used for RT assay, using a specific, improved assay system. RESULTS Thyroid tissue extracts from patients with Graves' disease contained high RT activity which resembled that demonstrated in retroviruses. The RT existed in the thyroid tissue as a complex, with endogenous template RNA, and the activity was confirmed not to be due to other DNA polymerases. CONCLUSION Retroviral RT distinguished from known cellular DNA polymerases is expressed in the thyroids of patients with Graves' disease. In a permissive genetice and immunological environment, retroviral DNA integrated into genomic DNA could precipitate the onset of Graves' disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nagasaka
- Department of Internal Medicine and Surgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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21
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Itoh M, Uchimura K, Makino M, Kobayashi T, Hayashi R, Nagata M, Kakizawa H, Fujiwara K, Nagasaka A. Production of IL-10 and IL-12 in CD40 and interleukin 4-activated mononuclear cells from patients with Graves' disease. Cytokine 2000; 12:688-93. [PMID: 10843746 DOI: 10.1006/cyto.1999.0659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of T cell-dependent B cell activation on the production of IL-10 and IL-12 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from patients with Graves' disease vs Hashimoto's thyroiditis, type 1 diabetes or normal controls. Incubation of PBMCs, from each of the subject groups, with a combination of anti-CD40 monoclonal antibodies and interleukin 4 (IL-4)-activated B cells, as shown by an increased level of soluble CD23. There was also a notable increase in the number of CD23(+)cells in PBMCs from patients with Graves' disease as compared to the other subject groups. This combination of B cell stimulants increased production of IL-10 in PBMCs obtained from patients with Graves' disease relative to those patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, type 1 diabetes, or the control subjects. The production of IL-12 showed wide variation that depended on the basal IL-12 level. In subjects with a low basal IL-12 level there was a positive correlation between the production of IL-12 and that of IL-10 from PBMCs stimulated with anti-CD40 antibodies plus IL-4. On the contrary, in the patients with a high basal IL-12 level, no change or a decrease of IL-12 production was observed after the stimulation. Thus, T cell-dependent B cell activation via a CD40 pathway triggers the overproduction of IL-10 and overcome the effect of IL-12 to shift the Th(1)/Th(2)balance to Th(2)dominance in patients with Graves' disease but not in Hashimoto's thyroiditis or type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Itoh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University, School of Medicine, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
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22
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Mano T, Shinohara R, Nagasaka A, Nakagawa H, Uchimura K, Hayashi R, Nakano I, Tsugawa T, Watanabe F, Kobayashi T, Fujiwara K, Nakai A, Itoh M. Scavenging effect of nicorandil on free radicals and lipid peroxide in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Metabolism 2000; 49:427-31. [PMID: 10778863 DOI: 10.1016/s0026-0495(00)80003-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Free radicals and lipid peroxide (LPO), easily formed in the diabetic state, play an important role in the development of diabetic complications. Potentially, nicorandil may reduce the production of free radicals and LPO in various organs. In fact, increased LPO levels in the serum, kidney, and cardiac muscle of diabetic (DM) rats were reduced by nicorandil treatment (N treatment). Xanthine oxidase (XOD), which produces free radicals, was decreased in the liver and increased in the kidney of DM rats compared with control rats, and these changes were prevented by N treatment. The concentration of Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) decreased in the cardiac muscle and increased in the kidney of DM rats, and these changes returned to normal after N treatment. The decreased concentration of Mn-SOD in the liver, kidney, and cardiac muscle from DM rats was also reversed by N treatment. The changes in catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) activities in DM rats were not improved effectively by N treatment. Another K-adenosine triphosphate (K-ATP) channel opener, tilisolol hydrochloride, had an effect similar to that of nicorandil. The effects of nicorandil and tilisolol were studied only in DM rats. These data imply that N treatment, as an antioxidative therapy, may be beneficial in preventing diabetic complications due to lipoperoxidation and free radicals in DM rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mano
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pharmacy, Fujita Health University School of Medicine and Hygiene, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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23
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Shinohara R, Mano T, Nagasaka A, Hayashi R, Uchimura K, Nakano I, Watanabe F, Tsugawa T, Makino M, Kakizawa H, Nagata M, Iwase K, Ishizuki Y, Itoh M. Lipid peroxidation levels in rat cardiac muscle are affected by age and thyroid status. J Endocrinol 2000; 164:97-102. [PMID: 10607942 DOI: 10.1677/joe.0.1640097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Free radicals, hydroxyperoxides and H(2)O(2) are all known to damage cell components. This study was designed to compare the concentrations of hydroxyperoxide and free radical scavengers in the cardiac muscles of old rats in the hyper- or hypothyroid condition, to determine whether rates of peroxidation would differ with age, thyroid status, or both. Rats were rendered hyper- or hypothyroid by administration of l-thyroxine or methimazole for 4 weeks. Among the old rats, the lipid peroxide (LPO) concentrations, measured as thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reactants, were significantly greater in the hyperthyroid than in the euthyroid state and the LPO concentrations measured as TBA+Fe(3+) reactants, which may be precursors of LPO, were significantly greater in the hyperthyroid state, whereas in young rats, the LPO concentrations measured by TBA or TBA+Fe(3+) methods did not differ significantly in the hyperthyroid state. In the euthyroid state, the concentration of LPO measured as TBA+Fe(3+) reactants was significantly reduced with age. Xanthine oxidase (XOD) activity also was markedly increased with age, being more pronounced in the hyperthyroid than in the euthyroid state. The Mn and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase activities were greater in the hyperthyroid than in the euthyroid state. Glutathione peroxidase activity decreased with age in the euthyroid and, particularly, in the hyperthyroid state. Catalase activity was not affected in the old rats. Concentrations of alpha-tocopherol in the old rats were high in the hyperthyroid state and low in the hypothyroid state, whereas the levels of beta- and gamma-tocopherols in these rats were unchanged in both conditions as compared with the euthyroid state findings. Data suggest that the site of free radical generation differs in older rats, with additional shifts in the location of intracellular lipid peroxidation being noted during hyperthyroidism. Thus, as rats age, the reduction of the free radical scavenger system and the increase in LPO and XOD activities might induce myocardial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Shinohara
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Hygiene, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
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24
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Kato C, Matsuyama H, Kondo T, Nagasaka A, Koie S, Iwase M, Nomura M, Hishida H. [Clinical evaluation of acute and chronic pulmonary thromboembolism using intravascular ultrasound and angioscopy]. J Cardiol 1999; 34:317-24. [PMID: 10642928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary artery thrombi and parietal lesions were observed in 13 patients (mean age 58 +/- 18 years) with acute pulmonary thromboembolism (n = 4) and chronic pulmonary thromboembolism (n = 9) using intravascular ultrasound and angioscopy at the time of right heart catheterization. Patients with acute pulmonary thromboembolism without underlying disease mainly had non-echogenic intraluminal mass, and good pulsatile vessel without intimal thickening. Angioscopy directly showed red thrombi with white fibrin coating, and no parietal lesions. Patients with chronic pulmonary thromboembolism could be classified into 3 groups: 1) Poor extensibility of the vessel wall and intimal thickening with non-echogenic thrombi on intravascular ultrasound, and relatively fresh parietal thrombi consisting of a mixture of red blood cell and fibrin, and spider web-like fibrin net on angioscopy (6 patients). 2) Crescent parietal thrombi and wall irregularity on intravascular ultrasound, and probably organized thrombi with a mixture of red and white surface on angioscopy (one patient). 3) Marked and echogenic intimal thickening and poor extensibility on intravascular ultrasound, and intimal surface irregularities and yellowish changes on angioscopy (one patient). All patients suffering acute deterioration in the chronic phase belonged to groups 1) or 2). Intravascular ultrasound and angioscopy are useful for characterizing the thrombi and related pulmonary artery lesions in patients with pulmonary thromboembolism. The pulmonary artery intima and thrombus differ between acute and chronic pulmonary thromboembolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kato
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi
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25
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Mano T, Uchimura K, Hayashi R, Kobahashi T, Fujiwara K, Makino M, Kakizawa H, Nagata M, Nakai A, Wada M, Nagasaka A, Itoh M. Increased urinary phosphate excretion in pseudohypoparathyroidism type II with long-term treatment with phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Horm Metab Res 1999; 31:602-5. [PMID: 10598827 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-978804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A 58-year-old woman was diagnosed to have pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) type II because of the absence of an increase of urinary phosphate secretion, despite a marked increase in urinary cAMP excretion on the Ellsworth-Howard test. We treated the patient with a cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitor, theophylline, resulting in increased urinary phosphate and cAMP excretions. Dibutyl cAMP administration induced the increase in the urinary phosphate excretion. In this case, the unresponsiveness of the urinary phosphate secretion to cAMP was recovered by a high dose of cAMP or long-term administration of a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. These data imply that cAMP responsiveness to renal tubular phosphate reabsorption should be more strictly elucidated in the patient with PHP type II.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University, School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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26
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Uchimura K, Nagasaka A, Hayashi R, Makino M, Nagata M, Kakizawa H, Kobayashi T, Fujiwara K, Kato T, Iwase K, Shinohara R, Kato K, Itoh M. Changes in superoxide dismutase activities and concentrations and myeloperoxidase activities in leukocytes from patients with diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Complications 1999; 13:264-70. [PMID: 10765000 DOI: 10.1016/s1056-8727(99)00053-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To investigate whether the two free-radical scavengers, Cu, Zn- and Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), are changed in leukocytes of diabetic patients, and the alteration of these enzymes correlates with the diabetic state, we measured the activity and concentration of these enzymes in leukocytes from diabetic patients. Both Cu, Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD activities in neutrophils and lymphocytes were significantly lower in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus than in healthy controls. The concentrations of these enzymes in leukocytes from diabetic patients, however, did not differ from those in controls. Cu, Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD activities in neutrophils inversely correlated with HbA(1c) concentrations. Myeloperoxidase activity in leukocytes was significantly reduced in NIDDM patients. These findings suggest that changes in these enzymes may affect the susceptibility to infection and immunocompetence of patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Uchimura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Prefecture Colony, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
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27
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Hayakawa N, Nozawa K, Ogawa A, Kato N, Yoshida K, Akamatsu KI, Tsuchiya M, Nagasaka A, Yoshida S. Isothiazolone derivatives selectively inhibit telomerase from human and rat cancer cells in vitro. Biochemistry 1999; 38:11501-7. [PMID: 10471302 DOI: 10.1021/bi982829k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The telomere hypothesis postulates stabilization of telomere length and telomerase activation as key events in cellular immortalization and carcinogeneses. Accordingly, telomerase has been suggested as a novel and highly selective target for design of antitumor drugs. Screening of a chemical library including 16 000 synthetic compounds yielded six that strongly inhibited telomerase activity in extracts of cultured human cells, including four isothiazolone derivatives and two unrelated compounds. The most potent inhibitor was 2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]isothiazolin-3-one (TMPI), a concentration of 1.0 microM inhibited telomerase activity by 50% according to a telomere repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) assay. Analysis using partially purified telomerase from AH7974 rat hepatoma cells demonstrated noncompetitive inhibition with the telomere-repeat primer and mixed inhibition with the dNTPs; the inhibition constant was 2.5 microM. TMPI did not inhibit eukaryotic DNA polymerase alpha, beta, or human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase (HIV RT). Thus, inhibition by TMPI was highly selective for telomerase. Inhibition by TMPI was quenched by 1 mM of dithiothreitol or glutathione, suggesting that TMPI inhibits telomerase by acting at a cysteine residue. TMPI inhibition of this enzyme may find application as an antineoplastic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hayakawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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28
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Mano T, Mori K, Sawai Y, Oda N, Tugawa T, Nakano I, Watanabe F, Hamada M, Nakai A, Yamamoto H, Harada N, Nagasaka A, Itoh M. Accelerated conversion of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate to estrogen in a patient with Crow-Fukase syndrome and diabetes mellitus. Endocr Res 1999; 25:371-80. [PMID: 10596729 DOI: 10.1080/07435809909066154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
About 28% of patients with the Crow-Fukase syndrome exhibit glucose intolerance which may be induced by low serum levels of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). We report a patient with the Crow-Fukase syndrome who exhibited non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) worsened prior to admission. He received the DHEA sulfate (DHEA-S) infusion test to evaluate aromatase activity. This patient exhibited an increase in aromatase activity measured by the conversion of the intravenously loaded DHEA-S to estrogen, and low serum levels of DHEA and DHEA-S. These abnormalities returned to nearly normal during the administration of prednisolone, 60 mg per day. No adverse effect on his diabetes was observed during the corticosteroid treatment. Five control patients with diabetes but without the Crow-Fukase syndrome showed no increase in the conversion of DHEA-S to estrogen, which suggests that aromatase activity is normal in diabetes. The increase in aromatase activity in our patient may have led to a low serum concentration of DHEA that in turn caused glucose intolerance and a deterioration of the diabetes prior to admission. Glucocorticoid therapy may be beneficial in Crow-Fukase syndrome to improve the distorted metabolism of DHEA with no adverse effect on the diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Sichi, Japan
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29
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Itoh M, Uchimura K, Makino M, Kobayashi T, Kakizawa H, Nagata M, Fujiwara K, Kato S, Itoh Y, Nagasaka A. Hypersensitivity to regular and intermediate, but not to crystallized, insulin as an aggravation factor for underlying bulimia nervosa in a patient with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 1999; 22:1221-4. [PMID: 10388999 DOI: 10.2337/diacare.22.7.1221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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30
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Mokuno T, Uchimura K, Hayashi R, Hayakawa N, Makino M, Nagata M, Kakizawa H, Sawai Y, Kotake M, Oda N, Nakai A, Nagasaka A, Itoh M. Glucose transporter 2 concentrations in hyper- and hypothyroid rat livers. J Endocrinol 1999; 160:285-9. [PMID: 9924198 DOI: 10.1677/joe.0.1600285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The deterioration of glucose metabolism frequently observed in hyperthyroidism may be due in part to increased gluconeogenesis in the liver and glucose efflux through hepatocyte plasma membranes. Glucose transporter 2 (GLUT 2), a facilitative glucose transporter localized to the liver and pancreas, may play a role in this distorted glucose metabolism. We examined changes in the levels of GLUT 2 in livers from rats with l-thyroxine-induced hyperthyroidism or methimazole-induced hypothyroidism by using Western blotting to detect GLUT 2. An oral glucose tolerance test revealed an oxyhyperglycemic curve (impaired glucose tolerance) in hyperthyroid rats (n=7) and a flattened curve in hypothyroid rats (n=7). GLUT 2 levels in hepatocyte plasma membranes were significantly increased in hyperthyroid rats and were not decreased in hypothyroid rats compared with euthyroid rats. The same results were obtained with a densitometric assay. These findings suggest that changes in the liver GLUT 2 concentration may contribute to abnormal glucose metabolism in thyroid disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mokuno
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
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31
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Shinohara R, Mano T, Nagasaka A, Sawai Y, Uchimura K, Hayashi R, Hayakawa N, Nagata M, Makino M, Kakizawa H, Itoh Y, Nakai A, Itoh M. Effects of thyroid hormone on the sorbitol pathway in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Biochim Biophys Acta 1998; 1425:577-86. [PMID: 9838221 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-4165(98)00111-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sorbitol accumulation plays an important role in diabetic complications involving the kidney, nerves, retina, lens and cardiac muscle. To investigate the influence of thyroid hormone on the sorbitol pathway, we studied the effects of thyroid hormone on polyol metabolism in normal and diabetic rats. Rats were divided into three groups: controls, streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic euthyroid rats (DM) and STZ-induced diabetic hyperthyroid (thyroxine-injected) rats (DM+HT). The sorbitol (Sor) concentrations in the kidney, liver and sciatic nerve (2.53+/-0.74, 0.97+/-0.16 and 24.0+/-5.1 nmol/mg protein, respectively) of the DM rats were significantly higher than those (1.48+/-0.31, 0.58+/-0.13 and 3. 1+/-0.6 nmol/mg protein) of the control rats. The Sor concentrations in the kidney and sciatic nerve of the DM+HT rats (1.26+/-0.29 and 9. 40+/-1.2 nmol/mg protein) were significantly lower than those in the DM rats. These values were reduced in the liver, unchanged in the kidney, and increased in the sciatic nerve from the hyperthyroid rats without diabetes. Thyroid hormone reduced the aldose reductase (AR) activities in the kidney, liver and sciatic nerve of the DM rats, and similarly reduced AR in the kidney and liver, but not in the sciatic nerve, of the non-diabetic rats. The sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) activities were decreased by thyroid hormone in the kidney and liver but not the sciatic nerve of DM rats. In the non-diabetic rats, this enzyme activity was decreased in liver, but not in kidney or sciatic nerve. A positive correlation between the Sor concentration and AR activity was observed in the kidney and liver but not in the sciatic nerve from control, DM and DM+HT rats. A negative correlation was observed between the Sor concentration and SDH activities in the same organs. These data suggest that thyroid hormone affects the sorbitol pathway, but the detailed mechanism whereby this hormone reduces the sorbitol content (especially in diabetic rats) remains to be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Shinohara
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Hygiene, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
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32
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Nagasaka A, Hige S, Marutani M, Tsunematsu I, Saito M, Yamamoto Y, Konishi S, Asaka M. Prevalence of mutations in core promoter/precore region in Japanese patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Dig Dis Sci 1998; 43:2473-8. [PMID: 9824137 DOI: 10.1023/a:1026690400897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We examined the frequency and significance of mutations in the core promoter and precore region in 103 Japanese patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. HBV DNAs from the patients' sera were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and were directly sequenced. A double mutation (T1762 A1764) in the core promoter was frequently observed in the patients regardless of HBeAg status except for asymptomatic carriers with HBeAg. Furthermore, a mutation at nucleotide 1753 from T to C or G was frequently found in anti-HBe positive patients and was often accompanied by the double mutation. The A1896 mutation was found in only about one fourth of the patients with anti-HBe. These data suggest that the patients with chronic liver diseases frequently had a double mutation regardless of HBeAg status and a mutation at nucleotide 1753 might be associated with HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nagasaka
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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33
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Oda N, Nakai A, Hayashi R, Hayakawa N, Hamada M, Kojima K, Tsuzuki M, Matui T, Ino M, Hirano M, Iwase K, Itoh M, Nagasaka A. Utility of measuring serum parathyroid hormone-related protein concentration in leukemic patients with hypercalcemia for assessing disease status. Eur J Endocrinol 1998; 139:323-9. [PMID: 9758444 DOI: 10.1530/eje.0.1390323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate serum parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) as a marker of hypercalcemia in leukemic patients. DESIGN AND METHODS We measured the serum levels of PTHrP, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and calcium in three patients with hypercalcemia due to leukemia. RESULTS Serum levels of PTHrP, LDH and calcium were elevated at admission in all patients, and these levels were reduced to within the normal range after chemotherapy. However, normalization of serum PTHrP concentration occurred more rapidly than normalization of serum LDH levels after chemotherapy. The increase in serum PTHrP concentration accompanied leukemic cell proliferation and preceded the increases in serum LDH and calcium. Serum LDH concentration increased, but serum PTHrP concentration did not after administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that serum PTHrP may be a more useful marker than serum LDH or calcium in assessing the status of leukemic patients with hypercalcemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Oda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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34
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Kotake M, Shinohara R, Kato K, Hayakawa N, Hayashi R, Uchimura K, Makino M, Nagata M, Kakizawa H, Nakagawa H, Nagasaka A, Itoh M. Reduction of activity, but no decrease in concentration, of erythrocyte Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase by hyperglycaemia in diabetic patients. Diabet Med 1998; 15:668-71. [PMID: 9702470 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9136(199808)15:8<668::aid-dia650>3.0.co;2-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity in erythrocytes is affected by various diseases, including diabetes mellitus (DM). We investigated changes in the Cu,Zn-SOD activity compared to changes in the Cu,Zn-SOD concentration in erythrocytes obtained from patients with Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Cu,Zn-SOD activity in erythrocytes was significantly lower in Type 2 DM patients than in healthy non-diabetic subjects. The activity correlated negatively with HbA1c, but not with other indicators of metabolic control, such as fasting blood glucose or plasma cholesterol or triglyceride. However, there was no statistically significant difference in erythrocyte concentration of Cu,Zn-SOD between diabetic and control samples. Concentration did not correlate with enzymatic activity or HbA1c. These findings indicate that the inactivation of Cu,Zn-SOD activity in erythrocytes of Type 2 DM patients by hyperglycaemia may be slow, because there is a negative correlation between the enzyme activities and HbA1c levels, but not fasting blood glucose levels. This is consistent with glycosylation of the active site of Cu,Zn-SOD, without any effect of hyperglycaemia on the concentration of Cu,Zn-SOD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kotake
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine and Hygiene, Aichi, Japan
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35
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Itoh M, Uchimura K, Hayakawa N, Makino M, Hayashi R, Nagata M, Kakizawa H, Nagasaka A, Sakamoto H, Kuzuya H. Surface expression and release of soluble forms of CD8 and CD23 in CD40- and IL-4-activated mononuclear cells from patients with Graves' disease (GD). Clin Exp Immunol 1998; 113:309-14. [PMID: 9717983 PMCID: PMC1905036 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.1998.00658.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of T cell-dependent B cell activation on the surface expression and release of the soluble forms of CD8 and CD23 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained from patients with GD, versus patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and normal controls. Incubating the PBMC with anti-CD40 MoAbs and IL-4 increased the soluble CD23 levels in cells from all three groups. An increase in the number of CD23+ cells was observed in the PBMC from the patients with GD, but not in PBMC from Hashimoto's thyroiditis or controls. Less soluble CD8 was released from anti-CD40 antibody and IL-4-stimulated PBMC obtained from patients with GD relative to those from the controls. In addition, the number of CD8+ cells was significantly reduced in stimulated PBMC from the GD patients relative to those from controls. Incubation of PBMC with anti-CD40 antibody plus IL-4 did not affect the proportions of CD4+, CD20+, Fas+ CD4+, and Fas+ CD8+ cells. The addition of T3 to cultured PBMC from controls did not reproduce the changes in CD23+ and CD8+ cells noted in the samples froin GD patients. Thus, T cell-dependent B cell activation, mediated by a CD40 pathway, may reduce the number of CD8+ cells, causing exacerbation of GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Itoh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University, School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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36
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Kimura M, Iwase M, Nagasaka A, Yamamoto H, Koie S, Koide A, Hasegawa K, Matsuyama H, Hishida H. [Relationship between mitral valve echo score and hemodynamic variables in patients with mitral stenosis]. J Cardiol 1998; 31 Suppl 1:53-9; discussion 60. [PMID: 9666398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mitral valve echo score has been proposed as a predictor or of the outcome of balloon mitral valvotomy in patients with mitral stenosis. The relationship between mitral echo score and the hemodynamic variables was evaluated. In 41 patients with pure mitral stenosis (nine men and 32 women, aged 57.9 +/- 9.4 years), mitral echo score was estimated from two-dimensional echocardiographic findings, and mitral valve area was measured by planimetry on the two-dimensional short-axis view. Apex phonocardiography and continuous-wave Doppler echocardiographic recording of transmittral flow were simultaneously performed to measure left atrial/left ventricular mean transmittral pressure gradient, pressure half-time and (Q-1)-(2-OS) interval. Linear regression analysis revealed that both mitral echo score and mitral valve area were significantly correlated with mean transmittral gradient (r = 0.522, p = 0.0005 and r = -0.651, p < 0.0001, respectively), pressure half-time (r = 0.491, p < 0.005 and r = -0.757, p < 0.0001) and (Q-1)-(2-OS) interval (r = 0.551, p < 0.0005 and r = -0.487, p < 0.005, respectively). Mitral echo score has a significant correlation with hemodynamic variables, which were comparable to but slightly different from mitral valve area, in patients with mitral stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kimura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi
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37
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Mano T, Iwase K, Hayashi R, Hayakawa N, Uchimura K, Makino M, Nagata M, Sawai Y, Oda N, Hamada M, Aono T, Nakai A, Nagasaka A, Itoh M. Vitamin E and coenzyme Q concentrations in the thyroid tissues of patients with various thyroid disorders. Am J Med Sci 1998; 315:230-2. [PMID: 9537635 DOI: 10.1097/00000441-199804000-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To clarify the different roles of free radical scavenging systems in various thyroid disorders, we measured the levels of alpha-, beta-, and gamma-tocopherols and coenzyme Q in the thyroid tissues of patients with thyroid tumors and Graves' disease using high-performance liquid chromatography. The levels of alpha-tocopherols and gamma-tocopherols in the thyroid tissue of patients with papillary carcinoma and the level of gamma-tocopherol in the thyroid tissue of patients with malignant lymphoma were elevated compared with those in normal thyroid tissues. The level of coenzyme Q was reduced in the thyroid tissue of patients with Graves' disease and follicular and papillary thyroid carcinomas. These findings imply that vitamin E and coenzyme Q as scavengers play some role in thyroid follicular cell hyperfunction or dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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38
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Hayashi R, Hayakawa N, Makino M, Nagata M, Kakizawa H, Uchimura K, Hamada M, Aono T, Fujita T, Shinohara R, Nagasaka A, Itoh M. Changes in erythrocyte sorbitol concentrations measured using an improved assay system in patients with diabetic complications and treated with aldose reductase inhibitor. Diabetes Care 1998; 21:672-3. [PMID: 9571366 DOI: 10.2337/diacare.21.4.672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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39
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Mano T, Sakamoto H, Fujita K, Makino M, Kakizawa H, Nagata M, Kotake M, Hamada M, Uchimura K, Hayakawa N, Hayashi R, Nakai A, Itoh M, Kuzuya H, Nagasaka A. Effects of thyroid hormone on catecholamine and its metabolite concentrations in rat cardiac muscle and cerebral cortex. Thyroid 1998; 8:353-8. [PMID: 9588501 DOI: 10.1089/thy.1998.8.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Clinical and experimental data suggest that thyroid hormone affects the actions of catecholamine (CA). However, the serum or tissue levels of CA during thyroid disorders have not been well defined. Accordingly, we investigated the levels of CA and their metabolites in the cardiac muscle, the cerebral cortex, and the plasma of rats with hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism versus euthyroid animals. The Neurochem analyzer system (ESA, Inc., Bedford, MA) was used in such determinations. The cardiac muscles of hyperthyroid rats exhibited a 16% decrease in the levels of 1-dopa, 3-methoxytyramine (3-MT) and homovanillic acid (HVA) as compared with those in euthyroid rats. The levels of norepinephrine (NE) in cardiac muscle of these rats increased significantly (5.2-fold) relative to the levels in euthyroid rats. NE was undetectable in the cardiac muscles of the hypothyroid rats. Epinephrine (E) and dopamine (DA) were not detected in the cardiac muscles of the rats with either thyroid disorder. Levels of E and 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid (DOPEG) were detected only in the cerebral cortex of hyperthyroid rats. The cerebral cortex levels of 3-methyoxytyramine (3-MT), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), metanephrine (MN), and homovanillic acid (HVA) were all significantly increased in the hyperthyroid versus the euthyroid rats. The cerebral cortex levels of DA, NE, normetanephrine (NMN), and VMA in the hyperthyroid rats all showed a significant decrease. Levels of NE, NMN, and DOPAC in the cerebral cortex increased significantly in the hypothyroid rats. The level of VMA was undetectable in cerebral cortex of such animals. Data from studies on cardiac muscle and cerebral cortex indicate that the changes in CA and CA metabolites are responsible in part for the cardiovascular and the central nervous system symptoms observed in hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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40
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Iwase K, Kato K, Ohtani S, Tsujimura T, Hanai T, Inagaki A, Jimbo S, Kobayashi N, Yamamoto H, Nagasaka A, Miura K. The Relation between Superoxide Dismutase in Cancer Tissue and Clinico-pathological Features in Breast Cancer. Breast Cancer 1997; 4:155-160. [PMID: 11091590 DOI: 10.1007/bf02967069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The localization of Cu/Zn- and Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) in breast cancer tissue (12 papillotubular carcinomas, 21 solid-tubular carcinomas, 16 scirrhous carcinomas, 1 medullary carcinoma, 1 secreting carcinoma, 1 lobular carcinoma, 1 Paget's disease) was investigated via an immunohistochemical technique using antihuman Cu/Zn- and Mn-SOD antibodies in 10%formalin fixed-paraffin embedded thin sections. Both SODs stained strongly in the normal breast gland, but not clearly in many cancer tissues. Furthermore, Cu/Zn-SOD stained more strongly in well differentiated tubular carcinomas than in poorly differentiated tubular carcinomas. It tended to stain less in tumors which recurred or had a poor outcome, and in tumors with a diploid pattern on DNA flow cytometry. Mn-SOD staining was similar to that of Cu/Zn-SOD, but no significant differences among subgroups was found, since the incidence of positively staining tumors was too small in all groups. The intensity of SOD staining seems to change in relation to cell proliferation and differentiation in breast carcinoma, and may be a prognostic indicator, since SOD decreased in poorly differentiated carcinoma and in tumors which developed distant metastasis. Thus, the localization of SOD in breast cancer tissue can provide useful information for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Iwase
- Departments of Surgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsugake-cho, Toyoake 470-11, Japan
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41
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Masunaga R, Nagasaka A, Nakai A, Kotake M, Sawai Y, Oda N, Mokuno T, Shimazaki K, Hayakawa N, Kato R, Hirano E, Hagiwara M, Hidaka H. Alteration of platelet aggregation in patients with thyroid disorders. Metabolism 1997; 46:1128-31. [PMID: 9322793 DOI: 10.1016/s0026-0495(97)90203-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
To determine whether Graves' disease or primary hypothyroidism influence platelet function, we evaluated platelet aggregation in the platelet-rich plasma (PRP) from such patients. Platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP) in blood obtained from patients with untreated Graves' disease was significantly lower than normal, whereas that in patients with untreated primary hypothyroidism was relatively increased. The magnitude of platelet aggregation induced by collagen in both groups of patients resembled that induced by ADP. However, significant differences were evident between the two diseases (P < .05). In addition, we observed a significant inverse correlation between the extent of platelet aggregation and plasma levels of thyroid hormones (triiodothyronine [T3], thyroxine [T4], and free T3). Platelet aggregation returned to normal when the euthyroid condition was obtained in the patients following administration of antithyroid drugs or thyroid hormone. The findings are consistent with the possibility that thyroid hormones influence platelet aggregation partly via inhibition of myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK).
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Affiliation(s)
- R Masunaga
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
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42
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Nakai A, Sawai Y, Miura K, Oda N, Mokuno T, Shimazaki K, Kato R, Hayakawa N, Itoh M, Kurosawa Y, Nagasaka A. Recombinant human TSH receptor expressed in E. coli. Clin Chim Acta 1997; 263:15-23. [PMID: 9247724 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-8981(97)06550-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We expressed the extracellular domain (20-408 aa, (T) of human TSH receptor (TSHR) in E. coli to detect TSHR autoantibodies (TRAb) and, moreover, we expressed the two portions (20-218 aa (5') and 217-408 aa (3')) of the extracellular domain thought to distinguish thyroid stimulating antibodies (TSAb) from blocking antibodies (TSBAb), using pGEX.3X as the expression vector. Using Western blotting analysis of the sera from patients with autoimmune thyroid disease, sera from Graves' patients and patients with idiopathic myxedema who had TSBAb reacted with the fusion protein (T), but none of the control sera reacted with it. We further evaluated whether or not the positive sear for T recognized fusion proteins (5') or (3'). The sera from Graves' patients reacted with both fusion proteins (5') and (3'). The sera from patients with idiopathic myxedema did not react with either of fusion proteins (5') or (3'). These findings suggest that these recombinant TSHR proteins could be used as antigens to detect TRAb, and differentiate TSABb from patients with idiopathic myxedema.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nakai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
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43
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Mano T, Shinohara R, Iwase K, Kotake M, Hamada M, Uchimuro K, Hayakawa N, Hayashi R, Nakai A, Ishizuki Y, Nagasaka A. Changes in free radical scavengers and lipid peroxide in thyroid glands of various thyroid disorders. Horm Metab Res 1997; 29:351-4. [PMID: 9288568 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-979052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
To clarify whether the changes of free radicals and its scavengers are induced by thyroid disorders, we measured levels of free radical scavengers and checked O2 radical generating systems in the human thyroid gland. Thyroid specimens from patients with Graves' disease, follicular adenoma, and papillary and follicular carcinomas contained significantly higher concentrations of xanthine oxidase (XOD) and gluthathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), compared to those in the normal thyroid tissue. Catalase concentration was significantly lower in thyroid specimens from patients with Graves' disease and significantly lower in thyroid specimens from patients with follicular adenoma, compared to those in the normal thyroid tissue. Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn SOD) concentration was significantly lower in the specimens from follicular adenoma and papillary carcinoma and Mn SOD concentration was significantly higher in the specimens from papillary carcinoma than those in the normal thyroid tissue. The lipid peroxide concentration, expressed as malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, was significantly higher in the specimens from papillary carcinoma than those in the normal thyroid tissue. These findings suggest that the levels of free radicals are increased and are scavenged and catalyzed in the thyroid of Graves' disease, whereas free radicals and lipid peroxide are not completely scavenged in papillary carcinoma tissues, suggesting that these substances affect some role in cell function of thyroid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
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44
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Nagasaka A, Hige S, Matsushima T, Yoshida J, Sasaki Y, Tsunematsu I, Asaka M. Differential flotation centrifugation study of hepatitis C virus and response to interferon therapy. J Med Virol 1997; 52:190-4. [PMID: 9179767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) appears to circulate in various forms such as native virion, immune complexes, and nucleocapsids during chronic infections. To determine the association of the physicochemical properties of HCV and its response to interferon therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C, we examined pretreatment serum samples from 43 patients with HCV RNA who had received interferon therapy, using differential flotation centrifugation in a NaCl solution with a density of 1.063 g/ml. After centrifugation, the ratio of HCV RNA in the top and bottom fractions was determined by the polymerase chain reaction and expressed as T/B. Patients with a sustained response to IFN therapy were found to have higher T/B ratios than transient responders who relapsed after treatment (P < 0.01) and nonresponders (P < 0.01). With regards to HCV genotypes, patients with genotype 1b had higher T/B ratios in the sustained response group than in the nonsustained response groups (P = 0.001), but patients with genotype 2 had a similar distribution of T/B among the 3 response groups (not significant). These findings indicate that the physicochemical properties of HCV affect the effectiveness of interferon therapy, particularly in patients with genotype 1b.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nagasaka
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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45
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Nagasaka A, Hige S, Matsushima T, Yoshida J, Sasaki Y, Tsunematsu I, Asaka M. Differential flotation centrifugation study of hepatitis C virus and response to interferon therapy. J Med Virol 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9071(199706)52:2<190::aid-jmv12>3.0.co;2-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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46
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Nagasaka A, Hige S, Tsunematsu I, Yoshida J, Sasaki Y, Matsushima T, Asaka M. Changes in hepatitis C virus quasispecies and density populations in patients before and after interferon therapy. J Med Virol 1996; 50:214-20. [PMID: 8923285 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9071(199611)50:3<214::aid-jmv2>3.0.co;2-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Some chronic hepatitis C patients show sustained response to interferon (IFN) therapy despite viremia. This condition seems to be related to the density populations of hepatitis C virus (HCV) [Kanto et al. (1995): J Med Virol 46:230-237]. To investigate further the relationship between alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels after IFN therapy and the HCV density populations, we undertook differential flotation centrifugation of HCV and single strand conformation polymorphism targeted the hypervariable region (HVR) of E2 glycoprotein, which seems to be related to the density populations. Sera were obtained serially from 12 patients who had undergone IFN therapy (six sustained responders with viremia, six nonresponders). During the follow-up after interferon therapy, the HVR heterogeneities changed in 9 of the 12 patients. The remaining three patients whose heterogeneities did not changed persistently showed normal ALT. The changes in HVR heterogeneities were less pronounced in the sustained responders with viremia than in nonresponders; however, their density populations were prominently high in both responders. In two cases, changes in HVR heterogeneities and increase in low-density virion were observed before the hepatitis flare-up. These data indicate that HVR quasispecies show more relation to ALT levels after IFN therapy than HCV density populations and that the changes in the HVR sequences and HCV density populations may be associated with ALT elevation in some patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nagasaka
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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47
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Kotake M, Nakai A, Mokuno T, Oda N, Sawai Y, Itoh Y, Shimazaki K, Kato R, Hayakawa N, Uchikawa A, Oiso Y, Hirooka Y, Mitsuma T, Itoh M, Nagasaka A. Short stature due to growth hormone deficiency associated with Cushing's disease and ulcerative colitis. Horm Metab Res 1996; 28:565-9. [PMID: 8934218 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-979854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We report a rare case of Cushing's disease associated with ulcerative colitis in a patient primarily treated with growth hormone due to short stature. At the age of fifteen years, the patient had a short stature due to GHD and was treated with the extracted GH for a short period. At the age of twenty-one years, his body weight gradually increased and, based on the results of several tests, he was diagnosed with Cushing's disease and GHD was observed in our patient. The excess secretion attenuation of pituitary hormones with reduced secretion periods as well as the relation between ulcerative colitis and elevated plasma cortisol concentrations is briefly discussed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kotake
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita-Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
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48
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Abstract
Second-generation assays for detection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection that include reactivity of antibodies to core, NS3, NS4 are used because of their high sensitivity. Among these antibodies, anti-core antibody seems to be the most sensitive. However, there are some patients without anti-core antibodies, although HCV RNA is detectable by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and branched DNA assay. The mechanism for the absence of anti-core antibody on its own is unclear. We therefore determined the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the core region obtained from two anti-core antibody-negative patients with HCV RNA (genotype 1b) and compared them with those of four anti-core antibody-positive patients and a previously reported sequence. Amino acids spanning 1-47, which seemed to exist in major B cell epitopes, were found to be completely conserved among these patients. Furthermore, the predictive binding motif to HLA DR4 (a.a 81-90) was completely conserved in both of the anti-core antibody-negative patients. There were various mutations in the residual amino acids spanning 49-108, but specific mutations could not be found in anti-core antibody-negative patients. These data indicate that the absence of anti-core antibody in two patients is not due to the presence of some formerly unknown viral variants, but due to a possible defect in the host's immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nagasaka
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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49
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Mokuno T, Sawai Y, Oda N, Mano T, Hayakawa N, Kato R, Itoh Y, Shimazaki K, Kotake M, Nakai A, Hiramitsu S, Itoh M, Morimoto S, Nagasaka A. A case of myocarditis associated with IDDM. Diabetes Care 1996; 19:374-8. [PMID: 8729164 DOI: 10.2337/diacare.19.4.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We report a case of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) complicated by acute myocarditis, which was confirmed by cardiac biopsy. A 26-year-old man was hospitalized with severe DKA. On admission, nonspecific ST-T change was noted on the electrocardiogram (ECG). The patient's levels of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase were slightly elevated, but he did not complain of chest discomfort or symptoms of heart disease. On the first day after admission, ST-T elevation was noted on ECG during treatment of DKA. By cardiac angiography and cardiac biopsy, coronary heart disease was ruled out and postmyocarditic change was histologically confirmed. An episode of upper respiratory viral infection before the onset of acute diabetes suggested that the patient suffered from viral-induced myocarditis and consequent development of IDDM. This possibility was confirmed by the clinical course of ECG change, with elevated CPK and lactate dehydrogenase and a slightly elevated antibody titer for echovirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mokuno
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
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50
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Sasaki Y, Hige S, Nagasaka A, Matsushima T. [HCV-RNA quantity of the serum]. Nihon Rinsho 1995; 53 Suppl:965-8. [PMID: 7563911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Sasaki
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hokkaido University School of Medicine
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