1
|
Elmamoun M, Eraso M, Anderson M, Maharaj A, Coates L, Chandran V, Abogamal A, Adebajo AO, Ajibade A, Ayanlowo O, Azevedo V, Bautista-Molano W, Carneiro S, Goldenstein-Schainberg C, Hernandez-Velasco F, Ima-Edomwonyi U, Lima A, Medina-Rosas J, Mody GM, Narang T, Ortega-Loayza AG, Ranza R, Sharma A, Toloza S, Vega-Espinoza L, Vega-Hinojosa O. International league of associations for rheumatology recommendations for the management of psoriatic arthritis in resource-poor settings. Clin Rheumatol 2020; 39:1839-1850. [PMID: 31950441 PMCID: PMC7237392 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-020-04934-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a challenging heterogeneous disease. The European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) and the Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and PsA (GRAPPA) last published their respective recommendations for the management of PsA in 2015. However, these guidelines are primarily based on studies conducted in resource replete countries and may not be applicable in countries in the Americas (except Canada and USA) and Africa. We sought to adapt the existing recommendations for these regions under the auspices of the International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR). Process The ADAPTE Collaboration (2009) process for guideline adaptation was followed to adapt the EULAR and GRAPPA PsA treatment recommendations for the Americas and Africa. The process was conducted in three recommended phases: set-up phase; adaptation phase (defining health questions, assessing source recommendations, drafting report), and finalization phase (external review, aftercare planning, and final production). Result ILAR recommendations have been derived principally by adapting the GRAPPA recommendations, additionally, EULAR recommendations where appropriate and supplemented by expert opinion and literature from these regions. A paucity of data relevant to resource-poor settings was found in PsA management literature. Conclusion The ILAR Treatment Recommendations for PsA intends to serve as reference for the management of PsA in the Americas and Africa. This paper illustrates the experience of an international working group in adapting existing recommendations to a resource-poor setting. It highlights the need to conduct research on the management of PsA in these regions as data are currently lacking.Key Points • The paper presents adapted recommendations for the management of psoriatic arthritis in resource-poor settings. • The ADAPTE process was used to adapt existing GRAPPA and EULAR recommendations by collaboration with practicing clinicians from the Americas and Africa. • The evidence from resource-poor settings to answer clinically relevant questions was scant or non-existent; hence, a research agenda is proposed. |
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s10067-020-04934-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Elmamoun
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - M Eraso
- Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - M Anderson
- Library and Information Services, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - A Maharaj
- Prince Mshiyeni Memorial Hospital, Durban, South Africa
| | - L Coates
- University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Vinod Chandran
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. .,Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada. .,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. .,Department of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Canada.
| | | | - A Abogamal
- Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine Cairo, Nasr City, Egypt
| | - A O Adebajo
- University of Sheffield UK, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - A Ajibade
- Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun state, Nigeria
| | - O Ayanlowo
- College of Medicine, University of Lagos/Lagos University Teaching Hospital Nigeria, Ishaga Rd, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - V Azevedo
- Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - W Bautista-Molano
- University Hospital Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá and School of Medicine Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogota, Colombia
| | - S Carneiro
- State University of Rio de Janeiro and Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Pedro Calmon, 550 - Cidade Universitária da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-901, Brazil
| | - C Goldenstein-Schainberg
- Disciplina de Reumatologia, LIM-17, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculty of Medicine - University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - U Ima-Edomwonyi
- College of Medicine, University of Lagos/Lagos University Teaching Hospital Nigeria, Ishaga Rd, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - A Lima
- Regional University of Blumenau (FURB), Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - J Medina-Rosas
- Posthumous, University of Valle, University of La Sabana, Imbanaco Medical Center, Cali, Colombia
| | - G M Mody
- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - T Narang
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - A G Ortega-Loayza
- Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 S.W. Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, USA
| | - R Ranza
- Rheumatology Unit, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - A Sharma
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - S Toloza
- Ministry of Health, Catamarca, Catamarca, Argentina
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Smith MC, Ben-Shlomo Y, Dieppe P, Beswick AD, Adebajo AO, Wilkinson JM, Blom AW. Rates of hip and knee joint replacement amongst different ethnic groups in England: an analysis of National Joint Registry data. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2017; 25:448-454. [PMID: 28159557 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2016.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite a health care system that is free at the point of delivery, ethnic minorities may not always get care equitable to that of White patients in England. We examined whether ethnic differences exist in joint replacement rates and surgical practice in England. DESIGN 373,613 hip and 428,936 knee National Joint Registry (NJR) primary replacement patients had coded ethnicity in Hospital Episode Statistics (HES). Age and gender adjusted observed/expected ratios of hip and knee replacements amongst ethnic groups were compared using indirect standardisation. Associations between ethnic group and type of procedure were explored and effects of demographic, clinical and hospital-related factors examined using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS Adjusted standardised observed/expected ratios were substantially lower in Blacks and Asians than Whites for hip replacement (Blacks 0.33 [95% CI, 0.31-0.35], Asians 0.20 [CI, 0.19-0.21]) and knee replacement (Blacks 0.64 [CI, 0.61-0.67], Asians 0.86 % [CI, 0.84-0.88]). Blacks were more likely to receive uncemented hip replacements (Blacks 52%, Whites 37%, Asians 44%; P < 0.001). Black men and women aged <70 years were less likely to receive unicondylar or patellofemoral knee replacements than Whites (men 10% vs 15%, P = 0.001; women 6% vs 14%, P < 0.001). After adjustment for demographic, clinical and hospital-related factors, Blacks were more likely to receive uncemented hip replacement (OR 1.43 [CI, 1.11-1.84]). CONCLUSIONS In England, hip and knee replacement rates and prosthesis type given differ amongst ethnic groups. Whether these reflect differences in clinical need or differential access to treatment requires urgent investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M C Smith
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Y Ben-Shlomo
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - P Dieppe
- University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - A D Beswick
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - A O Adebajo
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - J M Wilkinson
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
| | - A W Blom
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Adizie T, Moots RJ, Hodkinson B, French N, Adebajo AO. Inflammatory arthritis in HIV positive patients: A practical guide. BMC Infect Dis 2016; 16:100. [PMID: 26932524 PMCID: PMC4774153 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-016-1389-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Musculoskeletal manifestations of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been described since the outset of the global HIV epidemic. Articular syndromes that have been described in association with HIV include HIV-associated arthropathy, seronegative spondyloarthropathies (SPA) (reactive arthritis, psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and undifferentiated SPA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and painful articular syndrome. Methods We carried out a computer-assisted search of PubMed for the medical literature from January 1981 to January 2015 using the keywords HIV, acquired immune-deficiency syndrome, rheumatic manifestations, arthritis, spondyloarthropathy, anti-TNF and disease modifying antirheumatic drugs. Only English language literature was included and only studies involving adult human subjects were assessed. Results There are challenges in the management of inflammatory arthritis in patients who are HIV-positive, including difficulties in the assessment of disease activity and limited information on the safety of immunosuppressive drugs in these individuals. Conclusions This review focuses on the clinical characteristics of the inflammatory articular syndromes that have been described in association with HIV infection and discusses the therapeutic options for these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Adizie
- Rheumatology Department, Heart of England NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK.
| | - R J Moots
- Rheumatology Department, Aintree University Hospital, Liverpool, UK. .,Clinical Sciences Centre, Aintree University Hospital, Longmoor Lane, Liverpool, L9 7AL, UK.
| | - B Hodkinson
- Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital and University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - N French
- Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology & Immunology, Institute of Infection & Global Health, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - A O Adebajo
- Academic Rheumatology Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
Health problems are self-reported by up to 64% of travellers to the developing world. Traditionally, rheumatic symptoms are accorded little significance, but many travellers do return home with musculoskeletal complaints. The assessment of these patients is often hindered by the Western clinician's lack of familiarity with the types of infections that the patient may have encountered while travelling. Standard serological tests for autoimmune diseases can be unreliable in the setting of concomitant tropical infection, and these infections themselves can have musculoskeletal manifestations. Even in the absence of tropical infection, laboratory investigation of musculoskeletal symptoms in individuals of different ethnicities is challenging due to genetic and physiological variation. This review focusses on addressing the impact global migration has had on rheumatological clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Adizie
- Rheumatology Department, Solihull Hospital, Solihull B91 2JL, UK
| | - A O Adebajo
- Academic Rheumatology Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kavanaugh A, Mease PJ, Adebajo AO, Wollenhaupt J, Hu C, Shah K, Stevens RM, Gomez-Reino JJ. LB0001 Long-Term (52-Week) Results of a Phase 3, Randomized, Controlled Trial of Apremilast, an Oral Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitor, in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
6
|
Sogebi OA, Oloko MA, Adebajo AO, Anifowose OT. An unusual foreign body in the ear of an elderly Nigerian patient. Niger J Med 2013; 22:239-241. [PMID: 24180155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This was a case of an incidental finding of an unusual foreign body in the right ear of an elderly Nigerian patient. The mode of presentation, the manner of discovery and how it was managed successfully were highlighted. We reported this case to create awareness, and encourage physicians to always observe effluents obtained from irrigation of body cavities for confirmation of diagnosis and documentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O A Sogebi
- Department of Surgery, College of Health Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu, Nigeria.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mease PJ, Kavanaugh A, Adebajo AO, Gomez-Reino JJ, Wollenhaupt J, Cutolo M, Schett G, Lespessailles E, Shah K, Hu C, Stevens R, Edwards CJ, Birbara CA. SAT0299 Apremilast: Pooled Safety Analysis of Three Phase 3, Randomized, Controlled Trials in patients with Psoriatic Arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
8
|
Fleischmann R, van Vollenhoven RF, Smolen J, Emery P, Florentinus S, Rathmann S, Kupper H, Kavanaugh A, Taylor P, Genovese M, Keystone EC, Drescher E, Berclaz PY, Lee C, Fidelus-Gort R, Schlichting D, Beattie S, Luchi M, Macias W, Kavanaugh A, Emery P, van Vollenhoven RF, Dikranian AH, Alten R, Klearman M, Musselman D, Agarwal S, Green J, Gabay C, Weinblatt ME, Schiff MH, Fleischmann R, Valente R, van der Heijde D, Citera G, Zhao C, Maldonado MA, Rakieh C, Nam JL, Hunt L, Villeneuve E, Bissell LA, Das S, Conaghan P, McGonagle D, Wakefield RJ, Emery P, Wright HL, Thomas HB, Moots R, Edwards SW, Hamann P, Heward J, McHugh N, Lindsay MA, Haroon M, Giles JT, Winchester R, FitzGerald O, Karaderi T, Cohen CJ, Keidel S, Appleton LH, Macfarlane GJ, Siebert S, Evans D, Paul Wordsworth B, Plant D, Bowes J, Orozco G, Morgan AW, Wilson AG, Isaacs J, Barton A, Williams FM, Livshits G, Spector T, MacGregor A, Williams FM, Scollen S, Cao D, Memari Y, Hyde CL, Zhang B, Sidders B, Ziemek D, Shi Y, Harris J, Harrow I, Dougherty B, Malarstig A, McEwen R, Stephens JL, Patel K, Shin SY, Surdulescu G, He W, Jin X, McMahon SB, Soranzo N, John S, Wang J, Spector TD, Baker J, Litherland GJ, Rowan AD, Kite KA, Bayley R, Yang P, Smith JP, Williams J, Harper L, Kitas GD, Buckley C, Young SP, Fitzpatrick MA, Young SP, McGettrick HM, Filer A, Raza K, Nash G, Buckley C, Muthana M, Davies H, Khetan S, Adeleke G, Hawtree S, Tazzyman S, Morrow F, Ciani B, Wilson G, Quirke AM, Lugli E, Wegner N, Charles P, Hamilton B, Chowdhury M, Ytterberg J, Potempa J, Fisher B, Thiele G, Mikuls T, Venables P, Adebajo AO, Kavanaugh A, Mease P, Gomez-Reino JJ, Wollenhaupt J, Hu C, Stevens R, Sieper J, van der Heijde D, Dougados M, Van den Bosch F, Goupille P, Rathmann SS, Pangan AL, van der Heijde D, Sieper J, Maksymowych WP, Brown MA, Rathmann S, Pangan AL, Sieper J, van der Heijde D, Elewaut D, Pangan AL, Anderson J, Haroon M, Ramasamy P, O'Rourke M, Murphy C, Fitzgerald O, Jani M, Moore S, Mirjafari H, Macphie E, Chinoy H, Rao C, McLoughlin Y, Preeti S. Oral Abstracts 7: RA Clinical * O37. Long-Term Outcomes of Early RA Patients Initiated with Adalimumab Plus Methotrexate Compared with Methotrexate Alone Following a Targeted Treatment Approach. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ket198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
9
|
Abstract
We present the case of a 57-year-old man who had been on sulphasalazine for 20 years for seropositive non-erosive rheumatoid arthritis and developed a lymphoproliferative disorder, which resolved completely on cessation of sulphasalazine. This is the first report of lymphoproliferative disorder secondary to sulphasalazine. Lymphoproliferative disorders are well recognised with methotrexate and cyclosporine, and recognition of this disorder is critical due to the fact that a number of patients' symptoms will resolve completely with discontinuation of the drug and will not need further treatment. This case report discusses the literature on lymphoproliferative disorders as well as differential diagnoses like drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shirish Dubey
- Heart of England NHS Trust, Department of Rheumatology, Netherwood, Solihull Hospital, Lode Lane, Solihull B91 2JL, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Welhengama C, Adebajo AO. Comment on: Guidelines for the management of the hot swollen joint in adults. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2007; 47:110; author reply 110. [PMID: 18077501 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kem223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
11
|
Dubey SG, Roberts C, Adebajo AO. Rheumatology training in the UK: the trainees' perspective - issues surrounding paediatric rheumatology. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2005. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keh461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
12
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatology training has undergone significant changes in the last decade with Calmanization, implementation of the New Deal for junior doctors and newer educational strategies for improving musculoskeletal training, like a core curriculum. However, concerns have been expressed about the quality of postgraduate training programmes in the UK. OBJECTIVES First, to assess current trainees' perceptions of the quality of core and subspecialty training, the impact of workload on training, and to explore demographic variations in training experience. Secondly, to identify educational strategies that trainees felt would enhance their training. METHODS The questionnaire was initially distributed to all specialist registrars attending the BSR Annual Meeting in Brighton in April 2002. Subsequently, the questionnaire was posted to all registrars on the Joint Committee for Higher Medical Training list with a reminder after 4 weeks. RESULTS Trainees rated positively training in routine patient care, musculoskeletal examination and injection skills while training in primary care rheumatology, epidemiology, paediatric rheumatology and sports medicine was rated negatively. There is agreement that the reduction in junior doctors' hours has adversely affected training, and issues relating to workload have overtaken training issues. Trainees undertaking dual accreditation are more likely to feel this. Educational strategies deemed to enhance training included training workshops focused on specific topics, such as musculoskeletal radiology (89.2%), and an adequate debriefing session after an out-patient clinic (81.6%). An independently administered, reliable and valid scale for quality of training could be used to assess regional variations in training and monitoring quality. CONCLUSIONS The changes to junior doctors' hours, the working patterns of doctors and service commitments have all affected the quality and time available for certain aspects of rheumatological training. A major effort to enhance quality is necessary to ensure that the objectives of training are met within the intended training budget.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S G Dubey
- Academic Unit of Medical Education, Coleridge House, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield S5 7AU, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
|
14
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the characteristics of community-based musculoskeletal services provided by primary care organizations within the UK. METHODS Members of five professional groups within UK primary care organizations (n=461) were sent a questionnaire. RESULTS The response rate by organization was 71% (328/461). Respondents described 350 community-based musculoskeletal services, 233/328 (71%) organizations had one or more musculoskeletal services within their community. Five main forms of service provision were: a scanning service, a rehabilitation service, physiotherapy services, joint or soft tissue injections and the implementation of integrated care pathways. In 162 services, patients were assessed, reviewed or triaged, by a 'non-consultant' health-care professional (physiotherapist or general practitioner), at an intermediate level between primary and secondary care. The purpose of the service was described in 292/350 services, only 39/350 had clear evaluation strategies and 53/350 had consideration of individual training needs. CONCLUSIONS There are a wide range of musculoskeletal services flourishing within the community sector, whose quality may be variable. Whilst there is good evidence to suggest systematic planning of these services, we are concerned about the lack of data to support their effectiveness in terms of clinical outcomes, monitoring of service delivery standards and ongoing professional development of service providers. Commissioners of such services must ensure they have taken account of the evidence base and met any identified needs of local populations. Services should have a clear purpose with an appropriate evaluation strategy, and well-defined dissemination mechanisms. An integrated educational strategy for staff within the service must be sensitive to issues relating to accreditation, appraisal and revalidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Roberts
- University of Sheffield, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
The training of junior doctors has undergone major changes in recent years. There is now more structure, with defined assessment time points leading to a Certificate of Specialist Training. This certificate provides documentation indicating that the trainee has undergone a satisfactory period of training and that they are sufficiently competent to practise as a specialist, unsupervised. The changes have led to re-examination of the role of, and educational provision for, research training as well as clinical training. In this article we review these issues and argue that the development of masters educational programmes may help to address several concerns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M L Snaith
- Division of Genomic Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2BR, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the support services general practitioners (GPs) need when working with patients who have musculoskeletal problems and their educational needs in order to deliver an improved service. METHODS GPs (n=446) on the Sheffield and Barnsley principal lists were sent a questionnaire (53.8% response rate). Semistructured interviews of a purposive sample of 10 GPs were analysed qualitatively to increase understanding of the research objectives. RESULTS GPs were self-confident in managing common musculoskeletal conditions such as gout (86% of GPs who replied), back pain (69%), osteoarthritis (62%) and sporting injuries (58%) entirely within the surgery. Despite high levels of confidence in diagnosing non-specific pain syndromes, 68% of GPs would refer to a rheumatologist. Most GPs (68%) were happy with their current referral rates to physiotherapists and 65% of GPs in this sample provided a personal injection service. Reduction of inappropriate prescribing of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs would be helped by better patient education materials on treatments (90%) and more resources for the primary care physiotherapy service (85%). Half of the GPs had had specific musculoskeletal training within the last 5 yr. Half of the GPs planned to update their knowledge and skills in the next year, 64% of these preferring a taught interactive course, 50% wanting to sit in with a consultant in clinic and 46% preferring to learn as part of a personal learning plan. CONCLUSIONS GPs feel confident managing the majority of musculoskeletal conditions within the surgery provided they have adequate support in terms of opportunities for appropriate education, particularly joint injection techniques, ongoing consultant support for complex cases with poor outcomes, particularly non-specific pain syndromes, adequate access to physiotherapy, and a multidisciplinary approach to pain control and inappropriate prescribing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Roberts
- Department of Medical Education, University of Sheffield, Coleridge House, Sheffield S5 7AU, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
|
18
|
|
19
|
Abstract
An open prospective study using i.v. methylprednisolone in children with juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA) who had had a systemic exacerbation of disease is described. Eighteen children aged from 3 to 14 yr and 9 months (mean 9.7 yr) were treated. Ten patients (55%) had a loss of all systemic features 1 month after the pulse, and eight (45%) had a reduction in the active joint count. At this time, five of the patients on oral prednisolone had achieved a reduction in dosage. Also at 1 month, a reduction in erythrocyte sedimentation rate was observed in 11 patients (61%) and of C-reactive protein in 11 of 16 (72%). Altogether, 13 patients (72%) had a good response, while a further three (16%) went into remission. Our conclusions are that pulse methylprednisolone provides good short-term benefit in patients with systemic-onset JCA; no serious side-effects were noted. Further long-term studies are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A O Adebajo
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Wexham Park Hospital, Slough
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Adebajo AO, Mijiyawa M. The role of sulphasalazine in African patients with HIV-associated seronegative arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1998; 16:629. [PMID: 9779324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
|
21
|
Adebajo AO. Antinuclear antibodies in "healthy" individuals: comment on the article by Tan et al. Arthritis Rheum 1998; 41:1513. [PMID: 9704654 DOI: 10.1002/1529-0131(199808)41:8<1513::aid-art26>3.0.co;2-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
22
|
Abstract
Infectious diseases continue to elicit worldwide attention. Many of these diseases have rheumatic manifestations as an incidental or principal feature. Because this is particularly true in children, rheumatic manifestations of infectious diseases in this population continue to be an area of great importance to rheumatologists. A variety of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasitic organisms can give rise to infectious diseases with rheumatic manifestations. A high index of clinical suspicion is frequently necessary for an accurate diagnosis. Prompt diagnosis and early and appropriate therapeutic intervention are usually required for a successful, and frequently curative, outcome. Over the past year, studies have addressed the pathogenetic mechanisms and clinical spectrum of the rheumatic manifestations of infectious diseases in children. There has been particular emphasis on septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, sickle-cell disease, and hepatitis C viral infection. There remains the daunting and unfortunate possibility of large numbers of children developing HIV-associated arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A O Adebajo
- Barnsley District General Hospital, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Adebajo AO. Sulfasalazine and human immunodeficiency virus-associated reactive arthritis: comment on the article by Clegg et al. Arthritis Rheum 1997; 40:1911. [PMID: 9336436 DOI: 10.1002/art.1780401034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
24
|
|
25
|
Abstract
Infections associated with rheumatic diseases in children remain an important area of pediatric rheumatology. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of septic arthritis and osteomyelitis are essential. Rheumatic fever is a significant public health problem particularly in the developing world. A variety of nonbacterial infections are also associated with rheumatic diseases in children. There is also the unfortunate possibility of children developing AIDS-associated rheumatic diseases.
Collapse
|
26
|
|
27
|
Adebajo AO, Hazleman BL. The relationship between rheumatoid arthritis and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: comment on the article by Ornstein et al. Arthritis Rheum 1996; 39:1437-9. [PMID: 8702461 DOI: 10.1002/art.1780390831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
|
28
|
Adebajo AO, Hazleman BL. Malaria and rheumatoid arthritis in West Africa. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1996; 14:346. [PMID: 8809455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
29
|
Birrell FN, Adebajo AO, Hazleman BL. Who has the rheumatology service they need?: comment on the article by Yelin et al. Arthritis Rheum 1996; 39:711. [PMID: 8630129 DOI: 10.1002/art.1780390430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
|
30
|
Abstract
It is becoming increasingly recognized that a variety of tropical infectious diseases may be associated with a wide range of rheumatic infections. These include viral arthropathies such as O'nyong-nyong, chikungunya, and dengue. Parasitic infections such as filariasis, schistosomiasis, and amoebiasis can be associated with various joint problems. Diseases such as tuberculosis, rheumatic fever, leprosy, and brucellosis, although more common in the tropics, continue to present with rheumatic features in Western countries. Thus, with increasing world travel and migration, there is a need for increasing awareness and further study of tropical diseases and their rheumatic manifestations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A O Adebajo
- Department of Rheumatology, Barnsley District General Hospital, South Yorkshire, UK
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Adebajo AO, Hazelman BL. IgG glycosylation in association with tropical infections and rheumatoid arthritis in the tropics. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1995; 13:737-40. [PMID: 8835247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Studies conducted in Europe suggest an association between IgG glycosylation abnormalities and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Glycosylation abnormalities have been shown in other inflammatory diseases such as tuberculosis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Crohn's disease. These observations led us to study glycosylation abnormalities among patients with RA and healthy controls in the tropics (sub-Saharan Africa). Using a lectin binding assay, we found that glycosylation differences were present in both groups when compared with British rheumatoid and healthy controls. This suggests that IgG glycosylation abnormalities may occur in association with chronic infections in the tropics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A O Adebajo
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, U.K
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
|
33
|
Adebajo AO, Hazleman BL. How many types of patients meet classification criteria? J Rheumatol 1995; 22:1434-5; author reply 1435-6. [PMID: 7562791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
34
|
Adebajo AO, Williams DG, Hazleman BL, Maini RN. Antibodies to the 65 kDa mycobacterial stress protein in west Africans with rheumatoid arthritis, tuberculosis and malaria. Br J Rheumatol 1995; 34:352-4. [PMID: 7788150 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/34.4.352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We have studied IgG antibodies to recombinant mycobacterial 65 kDa heat-shock protein in West African rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and local control groups, including those with tuberculosis or malaria. Mean levels were higher among the patients with RA than among healthy controls, but did not achieve statistical significance. Our findings may relate to the level of mycobacterial exposure in West Africa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A O Adebajo
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
There are few studies on the prevalence, pattern or clinical course of osteoarthritis (OA) in the tropics. The studies that have been carried out, however, indicate that on the whole there is a lower prevalence of OA than found in Western countries. In addition, the pattern of joint involvement may be different with less common involvement of the hip relative to the knee and polyarticular OA is uncommon in many parts of the tropics. It also seems likely that a significant number of these patients in the tropics have OA secondary to various infections including pyogenic, tuberculous and parasitic infections. There is an urgent need to confirm these observations and to identify possible genetic, developmental or environmental factors influencing the expression of OA in the tropics. In addition degenerative arthropathies, such as Mseleni's disease, present in some parts of the tropics, merit further study. With increasing life-expectancy and improved health-care in many parts of the tropics, OA will become an increasingly prevalent and important condition with associated morbidity and socio-economic implications for these countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A O Adebajo
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
There is still far too little information available on the rheumatic diseases in Africa. Epidemiological studies are required in order to determine the burden of illness from rheumatic diseases on the African continent as well as to identify local risk factors for certain diseases. Such studies will also serve to enable the development of preventative and rehabilitation strategies. Functional disability has to be assessed in relation to the prevailing sociocultural lifestyle on the continent. Measures of disability that reflect this await development whilst regional diagnostic criteria also need to be worked out. The validity of tests and the stability of test reagents in a tropical climate require analysis. Continuing assessment of rheumatological services is essential to ensure their effectiveness and efficiency in the community and in particular to determine health care priorities and the best forms of therapeutic intervention. This will enable judicious use of limited resources. Community surveys in Africa are fraught with constraints and are difficult to undertake owing to a shortage of manpower and financial resources. For this reason, most studies hitherto have been hospital based. Hospital studies though useful lack applicability to the population as a whole and consequently more emphasis on cross-sectional and longitudinal community studies are required. It is hoped that despite the restraints, these studies will be performed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A O Adebajo
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
The presence of auto-antibodies in infectious diseases continues to puzzle and provoke. It is hoped that sequencing studies in particular will yield further clues as to the role and mechanism of production of autoantibodies in infectious diseases. This, in turn, may also provide further insights into the role of auto-antibodies in auto-immune diseases. From a practical clinical viewpoint, the search for improved auto-antibody tests and new diagnostic markers with improved sensitivity and specificity must continue in the tropics. Until this is achieved, the results of auto-antibody tests in persons living in the tropics, persons from the tropics or patients with tropical infections, must be interpreted with caution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A O Adebajo
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
The measurement of rheumatoid factors is of limited value in West Africa due to the low rheumatoid factor seroprevalence among patients with rheumatoid arthritis and the increased seroprevalence among healthy individuals and those with infectious diseases in the region. Using ELISA methods, we have been able to increase the specificity of rheumatoid factor measurement although the sensitivity of this test remains low. Furthermore, among the infectious diseases studied, there was no preferential binding of rheumatoid factors to the Fab gamma portion of immunoglobulin over the Fc gamma portion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A O Adebajo
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Adebajo AO, Williams RO, Williams DG, Hazleman BL, Maini RN. High levels of anti-type II collagen IgG in west African patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 1994; 21:2206-8. [PMID: 7699620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare levels of antitype II collagen IgG in West African and British patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS IgG levels to native and denatured type II collagen were measured by ELISA: RESULTS Serum levels of antinative type II collagen IgG were raised in 17 of 58 (29%) West African patients with RA. In contrast, 14 of 89 (16%) British RA patients had raised levels of antinative type II collagen IgG. Levels of antinative type II collagen IgG were also higher in West African patients with RA than in the British patients. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that type II collagen autoimmunity plays a more prominent role in RA in West Africa than in Britain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A O Adebajo
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Scott DL, Adebajo AO, el Badaway S, Kirwan J, van de Putte LB, van Riel PL. DC-ART: preventing or significantly decreasing the rate of progression of structural joint damage. J Rheumatol Suppl 1994; 41:36-40. [PMID: 7799383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Progressive joint damage, increasing deformity, and declining function characterize rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The evidence suggests structural joint damage is the predominant cause of functional impairment. Structural changes of joints are evaluated by imaging methods. Plain joint radiographs remain the best method for determining the extent and nature of structural changes at present. Newer technologies such as magnetic resonance imaging may eventually replace them. Clinical studies of antirheumatic drugs involving the assessment of prevention or significant decrease in the rate of progression of structural joint damage in RA should meet several standards. All patients who enter a study, whether they continue medication or not, must be assessed on its completion. Studies require sufficient power to determine realistic differences due to therapy. They should last long enough for a reliable analysis of the effects of joint damage; 1 year would be the minimal period for such a study, and 2 years would be preferable. Evaluation should concentrate on erosions and related structural changes in juxtaarticular bone; mapping osteoporotic areas in early disease may be a sensitive and objective measure. Assessments ought to use changes within the hands and wrists to indicate overall progression, with the feet included in evaluating early disease. There should be different therapeutic aims at various stages of RA, focussing on preventing new erosions developing in early disease (< 2 years from diagnosis), preventing new erosions occurring in established disease (2-5 years from diagnosis), reducing the rate erosions develop in established disease (< 5 years from diagnosis), and reducing the rate of joint destruction in late disease (> 5 years from diagnosis).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D L Scott
- Department of Rheumatology, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Adebajo AO, Williams DG, Hazleman BL, Venables PJ. Antibodies to synthetic peptide P62 corresponding to the major epitope of rheumatoid arthritis nuclear antigen in a west African population with rheumatoid arthritis. Br J Rheumatol 1994; 33:718-20. [PMID: 7519956 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/33.8.718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Using a synthetic peptide (P62) we have investigated antibodies to rheumatoid arthritis nuclear antigen (RANA) in 58 West African patients with RA, 51 with malaria, 111 with tuberculosis (TB) and 166 healthy controls by ELISA using a synthetic peptide (P62). As in Western populations the RA sera showed significantly increased levels of anti-P62 antibodies though in our study the mean titres were only elevated twofold above the controls. The levels in malaria and TB were normal. Our data extend previous work by showing that raised anti-P62 antibodies is a consistent finding in RA world-wide including indigenous West African patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A O Adebajo
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Adebajo AO, Cawston TE, Hazleman BL. Rheumatoid factors in association with rheumatoid arthritis and infectious diseases in West Africans. J Rheumatol 1994; 21:968-9. [PMID: 8064747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
43
|
Adebajo AO, Smith DJ, Hazleman BL, Wreghitt TG. Seroepidemiological associations between tuberculosis, malaria, hepatitis B, and AIDS in West Africa. J Med Virol 1994; 42:366-8. [PMID: 8046426 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.1890420407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Serum samples from 51 patients with malaria, 35 patients with hepatitis B virus infection, 111 patients with tuberculosis, and 166 healthy controls were studied to determine any associations between tuberculosis, malaria, hepatitis B, and AIDS in Nigeria, West Africa. All serum samples were examined for the presence of HIV-1/HIV-2, hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg), and malaria antibodies. Only one patient was HIV-1 antibody-positive and none HIV-2 antibody-positive. Statistical associations were found between the presence of malaria antibody titres on the one hand and a diagnosis of hepatitis B virus infection (P < 0.05) or tuberculosis (P < 0.05). A stronger association (P < 0.001) was found between the presence of HBsAg and tuberculosis suggesting that HBsAg carriers are at higher risk of contracting tuberculosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A O Adebajo
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Adebajo AO, Axford JS, Rees DH. Lyme disease in sub-Saharan Africa. J Rheumatol 1994; 21:580. [PMID: 7911837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
45
|
Abstract
Previous surveys have suggested marked ethnic and geographical variation in the occurrence of joint hypermobility. We investigated the prevalence of joint hypermobility and the influences of age, sex, body mass and occupation in a rural Yoruba population in Nigeria. The study sample consisted of 204 individuals aged 6-66 yr from the townships of Igbo-ora and Eruwa in south western Nigeria. Sixty-eight had reported joint pain as part of a population survey of arthritic disorders and each was age and sex matched with one household and one neighbour control. Joint hypermobility was assessed, at four peripheral sites bilaterally and forward flexion of the trunk, by a single observer using the Beighton score. Each subject had weight and height recorded, answered a brief questionnaire about occupation and joint symptoms and was examined for peripheral joint disease. Only 11 (5%) of the subjects were negative at all five sites whereas 111 (54%) were hypermobile at three or more sites including 23 (11%) positive at all five. Using a score of 4/9 or greater as a cutoff, 88 (43%) were positive, including 35% of males and 57% of females. There was a linear decline with age in females but a more rapid decline only to age 35 yr in males. There was no relation to body mass or occupation. We conclude that joint hypermobility amongst this population is substantially greater than that recorded for other groups but is not associated with joint pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F N Birrell
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Adebajo AO, Hazleman BL. The absence of antibodies to malaria and human immunodeficiency virus, and the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen as diagnostic markers of rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol 1993; 12:467-70. [PMID: 8124906 DOI: 10.1007/bf02231772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid factor is of limited value in the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in West Africa. Consequent upon previous findings, we have studied the role of the absence of antibodies to malaria and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as well as the presence of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) as diagnostic markers of rheumatoid arthritis in West Africa. We have found a significant association (p < 0.001) between RA and titre of HBsAg, but only between RA and malaria (p < 0.05) when sera with low malaria antibodies were studied. No correlation between either HBsAg or malaria and rheumatoid factor was found and no RA patient was either HIV-1 or HIV-2 positive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A O Adebajo
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Adebajo AO, Charles PJ, Hazleman BL, Maini RN. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody titres in patients with recent infection. Br J Rheumatol 1993; 32:941-2. [PMID: 8402011 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/32.10.941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
48
|
Vecchio P, Cave M, King V, Adebajo AO, Smith M, Hazleman BL. A double-blind study of the effectiveness of low level laser treatment of rotator cuff tendinitis. Br J Rheumatol 1993; 32:740-2. [PMID: 8348278 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/32.8.740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Thirty-five patients with rotator cuff tendinitis were randomly allocated to active (CB Medico Master III 830 nm Ga As AL diode) laser or dummy laser treatment twice weekly for 8 weeks. Movement range, painful arc score, resisted movement score and responses to visual analogue scales for night pain, rest pain, movement pain and functional limitation were measured second weekly. All responses improved from baseline but there was no difference between the two groups. These results fail to demonstrate the effectiveness of laser therapy in rotator cuff tendinitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Vecchio
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Davis P, Adebajo AO. Mixed connective tissue disease. Br J Rheumatol 1993; 32:645-6. [PMID: 8339146 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/32.7.645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
50
|
Adebajo AO, Hazleman BL. Coexistence of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV2) and rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1993; 11:345-6. [PMID: 8353992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|