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Díaz M, Grim T, Markó G, Morelli F, Ibáñez-Alamo JD, Jokimäki J, Kaisanlahti-Jokimäki ML, Tätte K, Tryjanowski P, Møller AP. Author Correction: Effects of climate variation on bird escape distances modulate community responses to global change. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17975. [PMID: 34480085 PMCID: PMC8417276 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97174-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Díaz
- Department of Biogeography and Global Change, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (BGC-MNCN-CSIC), c/Serrano 115bis, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
| | - T Grim
- Department of Zoology and Laboratory of Ornithology, Palacky University, 77146, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - G Markó
- Behavioral Ecology Group, Department of Systematics, Zoology and Ecology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/c, 1117, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Plant Pathology, Institute of Plant Protection, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Ménesi út 44, 1118, Budapest, Hungary
| | - F Morelli
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Community Ecology and Conservation, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - J D Ibáñez-Alamo
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - J Jokimäki
- Nature Inventory and EIA‑Services, Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, P. O. Box 122, 96101, Rovaniemi, Finland
| | - M-L Kaisanlahti-Jokimäki
- Nature Inventory and EIA‑Services, Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, P. O. Box 122, 96101, Rovaniemi, Finland
| | - K Tätte
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, 19 51014, Tartu, Estonia
| | - P Tryjanowski
- Institute of Zoology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71C, 60625, Poznań, Poland
| | - A P Møller
- Ecologie Systématique et Evolution, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, 91405, Orsay, France
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Díaz M, Grim T, Markó G, Morelli F, Ibáñez-Alamo JD, Jokimäki J, Kaisanlahti-Jokimäki ML, Tätte K, Tryjanowski P, Møller AP. Effects of climate variation on bird escape distances modulate community responses to global change. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12826. [PMID: 34145317 PMCID: PMC8213824 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92273-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate and land use are rapidly changing environmental conditions. Behavioral responses to such global perturbations can be used to incorporate interspecific interactions into predictive models of population responses to global change. Flight initiation distance (FID) reflects antipredator behaviour defined as the distance at which an individual takes flight when approached by a human, under standardized conditions. This behavioural trait results from a balance between disturbance, predation risk, food availability and physiological needs, and it is related to geographical range and population trends in European birds. Using 32,145 records of flight initiation distances for 229 bird species during 2006–2019 in 24 European localities, we show that FIDs decreased with increasing temperature and precipitation, as expected if foraging success decreased under warm and humid conditions. Trends were further altered by latitude, urbanisation and body mass, as expected if climate effects on FIDs were mediated by food abundance and need, differing according to position in food webs, supporting foraging models. This provides evidence for a role of behavioural responses within food webs on how bird populations and communities are affected by global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Díaz
- Department of Biogeography and Global Change, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (BGC-MNCN-CSIC), c/Serrano 115bis, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
| | - T Grim
- Department of Zoology and Laboratory of Ornithology, Palacky University, 77146, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - G Markó
- Behavioral Ecology Group, Department of Systematics, Zoology and Ecology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/c, 1117, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Plant Pathology, Institute of Plant Protection, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Ménesi út 44, 1118, Budapest, Hungary
| | - F Morelli
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Community Ecology and Conservation, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - J D Ibáñez-Alamo
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - J Jokimäki
- Nature Inventory and EIA-Services, Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, P. O. Box 122, 96101, Rovaniemi, Finland
| | - M-L Kaisanlahti-Jokimäki
- Nature Inventory and EIA-Services, Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, P. O. Box 122, 96101, Rovaniemi, Finland
| | - K Tätte
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, 19 51014, Tartu, Estonia
| | - P Tryjanowski
- Institute of Zoology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71C, 60625, Poznań, Poland
| | - A P Møller
- Ecologie Systématique et Evolution, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, 91405, Orsay, France
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Fernández‐Llario P, Møller AP. Canine size, condition and health in wild boars. J Zool (1987) 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Fernández‐Llario
- Innovación en Gestión y Conservación de Ungulados S.L. (INGULADOS) Cáceres Spain
| | - A. P. Møller
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering College of Life Sciences Beijing Normal University Beijing China
- Ecologie Systématique Evolution CNRS, AgroParisTech Université Paris‐Sud Université Paris‐Saclay Orsay Cedex France
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Møller AP, Mousseau TA. Reduced colonization by soil invertebrates to irradiated decomposing wood in Chernobyl. Sci Total Environ 2018; 645:773-779. [PMID: 30031335 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Soil is inhabited by a range of microbes, invertebrates and vertebrates that disintegrate and decompose dead wood and leaf litter. These communities can be perturbed by ionizing radiation from natural radiation sources or from radiation originating from nuclear accidents such as those at Chernobyl, Fukushima and Three Mile Island. We used experimental manipulations of wood quality due to differences in exposure to ionizing radiation among tree trunks and ambient radiation levels of the soil to test the hypothesis that radioactively contaminated wood would result in a negative correlation between the abundance of soil invertebrates colonizing slices of wood and level of radioactive contamination. We extracted soil invertebrates underneath decomposing wood using mustard powder diluted in water. The abundance of soil invertebrates extracted was highly repeatable at study sites and decreased with increasing ambient radiation and total dose measured with thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs). Four 10 cm thick slices of ca. 70-year old Scots pines (Pinus sylvestris) were deposited at 20 sites and the invertebrate taxa and their colonization and their abundance was assessed annually during 2014-2017. There were more soil invertebrates under uncontaminated than contaminated slices of wood. In addition, there were more soil invertebrates in areas with less ambient radioactivity, and there was an interaction effect between contamination of wood and ambient radiation implying that the role of contamination differed among slices. Finally, there was an increase in the abundance of soil invertebrates under wood slices during 2013-2017 implying that the abundance of soil invertebrates increased over time. These findings imply that the abundance of soil animals colonizing wood slices was dependent on background radiation, radioactive contamination of wood and the interaction between contamination of wood and ambient radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Møller
- Ecologie Systématique Evolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France.
| | - T A Mousseau
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
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Marzal A, Møller AP, Espinoza K, Morales S, Luján-Vega C, Cárdenas-Callirgos JM, Mendo L, Álvarez-Barrientos A, González-Blázquez M, García-Longoria L, de Lope F, Mendoza C, Iannacone J, Magallanes S. Variation in malaria infection and immune defence in invasive and endemic house sparrows. Anim Conserv 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/acv.12423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Marzal
- Department of Anatomy, Cellular Biology and Zoology; University of Extremadura; Badajoz Spain
| | - A. P. Møller
- Ecologie Systématique Evolution; Université Paris-Sud; CNRS; AgroParisTech; Université Paris-Saclay; Orsay Cedex France
| | - K. Espinoza
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; Universidad Científica del Sur; Villa Peru
| | - S. Morales
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; Universidad Científica del Sur; Villa Peru
- Department of Animal and Public Health; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos; San Borja Peru
| | - C. Luján-Vega
- Global Health Initiative; Wabash College; Crawfordsville Indiana USA
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Graduate Group; University of California; Davis USA
| | | | - L. Mendo
- Área de Gestión de fauna Silvestre; Autoridad Regional Ambiental; Gobierno Regional de San Martín; Tarapoto Perú
| | - A. Álvarez-Barrientos
- Servicio de Técnicas Aplicadas a las Biociencias; Universidad de Extremadura; Badajoz Spain
| | - M. González-Blázquez
- Department of Anatomy, Cellular Biology and Zoology; University of Extremadura; Badajoz Spain
| | - L. García-Longoria
- Department of Anatomy, Cellular Biology and Zoology; University of Extremadura; Badajoz Spain
| | - F. de Lope
- Department of Anatomy, Cellular Biology and Zoology; University of Extremadura; Badajoz Spain
| | - C. Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Análisis Clínico Moraleslab SAC; Morales San Martín Perú
| | - J. Iannacone
- Laboratorio de Ecología y Biodiversidad Animal; Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal; El Agustino; Lima Perú
- Laboratorio de Parasitología; Universidad Ricardo Palma; Santiago de Surco; Lima Perú
| | - S. Magallanes
- Department of Anatomy, Cellular Biology and Zoology; University of Extremadura; Badajoz Spain
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Affiliation(s)
- A. P. Møller
- Ecologie Systématique Evolution Université Paris‐Sud, CNRS AgroParisTech Université Paris‐Saclay Orsay France
| | - K. Laursen
- Institute of Bioscience Aarhus University Rønde Denmark
| | - K. A. Hobson
- Environment and Climate Change Canada Saskatoon SK Canada
- University of Western Ontario London ON Canada
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8
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Jiang
- Ecologie Systématique Evolution; Université Paris-Sud, CNRS; AgroParisTech; Université Paris-Saclay; Orsay France
| | - A. P. Møller
- Ecologie Systématique Evolution; Université Paris-Sud, CNRS; AgroParisTech; Université Paris-Saclay; Orsay France
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9
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Romano A, Saino N, Møller AP. Viability and expression of sexual ornaments in the barn swallowHirundo rustica: a meta-analysis. J Evol Biol 2017; 30:1929-1935. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Romano
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milano Italy
| | - N. Saino
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milano Italy
| | - A. P. Møller
- Ecologie Systématique Evolution, CNRS; Université Paris-Sud; AgroParisTech; Université Paris-Saclay; Orsay France
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- A. P. Møller
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie, CNRS URA 258; Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Bât. A, 7ème étage, 7 quai St. Bernard, Case 237, F-75252 Paris Cedex 5 France
| | - J. J. Cuervo
- Estación Biológica de Doñana; Pabellón del Peru; Avda. de María Luisa s/n E-41013 Sevilla Spain
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- A. P. Møller
- Department of Population Biology; Zoological Institute, Copenhagen University, Universitetsparken 15; DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
| | - F. de Lope
- Departamento de Biología Animal; Universidad de Extremadura; E-06071 Badajoz Spain
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12
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Møller AP, Birkhead TR. THE EVOLUTION OF PLUMAGE BRIGHTNESS IN BIRDS IS RELATED TO EXTRAPAIR PATERNITY. Evolution 2017; 48:1089-1100. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1994.tb05296.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/1993] [Accepted: 10/25/1993] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. P. Møller
- Zoological Institute; Copenhagen University, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø; Denmark
| | - T. R. Birkhead
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences; The University; P. O. Box 601 Sheffield S10 2UQ United Kingdom
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13
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Martinez JG, Soler JJ, Soler M, Møller AP, Burke T. COMPARATIVE POPULATION STRUCTURE AND GENE FLOW OF A BROOD PARASITE, THE GREAT SPOTTED CUCKOO (CLAMATOR GLANDARIUS), AND ITS PRIMARY HOST, THE MAGPIE (PICA PICA). Evolution 2017; 53:269-278. [PMID: 28565191 DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1999.tb05352.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/1997] [Accepted: 09/10/1998] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The amount of gene flow is an important determinant of population structure and therefore of central importance for understanding coevolutionary processes. We used microsatellite markers to estimate population structure and gene flow rates of the great spotted cuckoo (Clamator glandarius) and its main host in Europe, the magpie (Pica pica), in a number of populations (seven and 15, respectively) across their distribution range in Europe. The genetic analysis shows that there exists a pattern of isolation by distance in both species, although the cuckoo data are only indicative due to a small sample size. Gene flow seems to be extensive between nearby populations, higher for magpies than cuckoos, and especially high for magpie populations within the area of distribution of the great spotted cuckoo. There is no correlation between genetic distances between magpie populations and genetic distances between cuckoo populations. We discuss the implications of extensive gene flow between magpie populations in sympatry with cuckoos for the population dynamics of hosts, in particular for the occurrence of egg rejection behavior in host populations and how the different rates of migration for both species can affect the dynamics of coevolutionary processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Martinez
- Departamento de Biología Animal y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, E-18071, Granada, Spain.,Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - J J Soler
- Departamento de Biología Animal y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, E-18071, Granada, Spain
| | - M Soler
- Departamento de Biología Animal y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, E-18071, Granada, Spain
| | - A P Møller
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie, CNRS URA 258, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Bât. A, 7ème étage, 7 quai St. Bernard, case 237, F-75252 Paris Cedex 5, France
| | - T Burke
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, United Kingdom
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Møller AP, Rubolini D, Saino N. Morphological constraints on changing avian migration phenology. J Evol Biol 2017; 30:1177-1184. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. P. Møller
- Ecologie Systématique Evolution; Université Paris-Sud; CNRS; AgroParisTech; Université Paris-Saclay; Orsay Cedex France
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - D. Rubolini
- Ecologie Systématique Evolution; Université Paris-Sud; CNRS; AgroParisTech; Université Paris-Saclay; Orsay Cedex France
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - N. Saino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
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15
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Møller AP, Erritzøe J, Soler JJ. Life history, immunity, Peto's paradox and tumours in birds. J Evol Biol 2017; 30:960-967. [PMID: 28252229 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer and tumours may evolve in response to life-history trade-offs between growth and duration of development on one hand, and between growth and maintenance of immune function on the other. Here, we tested whether (i) bird species with slow developmental rates for their body size experience low incidence of tumours because slow development allows for detection of rapid proliferation of cell lineages. We also test whether (ii) species with stronger immune response during development are more efficient at detecting tumour cells and hence suffer lower incidence of tumours. Finally, we tested Peto's paradox, that there is a positive relationship between tumour incidence and body mass. We used information on developmental rates and body mass from the literature and of tumour incidence (8468 birds) and size of the bursa of Fabricius for 7659 birds brought to a taxidermist in Denmark. We found evidence of the expected negative relationship between incidence of tumours and developmental rates and immunity after controlling for the positive association between tumour incidence and body size. These results suggest that evolution has modified the incidence of tumours in response to life history and that Peto's paradox may be explained by covariation between body mass, developmental rates and immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Møller
- Ecologie, Systématique Evolution, CNRS UMR 8079, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay Cedex, France
| | - J Erritzøe
- Taps Old Rectory, Christiansfeld, Denmark
| | - J J Soler
- Depto. Ecología Funcional y Evolutiva, Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas (C.S.I.C.), Almería, Spain
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Evangeliou N, Zibtsev S, Myroniuk V, Zhurba M, Hamburger T, Stohl A, Balkanski Y, Paugam R, Mousseau TA, Møller AP, Kireev SI. Resuspension and atmospheric transport of radionuclides due to wildfires near the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in 2015: An impact assessment. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26062. [PMID: 27184191 PMCID: PMC4869032 DOI: 10.1038/srep26062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In April and August 2015, two major fires in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone (CEZ) caused concerns about the secondary radioactive contamination that might have spread over Europe. The present paper assessed, for the first time, the impact of these fires over Europe. About 10.9 TBq of (137)Cs, 1.5 TBq of (90)Sr, 7.8 GBq of (238)Pu, 6.3 GBq of (239)Pu, 9.4 GBq of (240)Pu and 29.7 GBq of (241)Am were released from both fire events corresponding to a serious event. The more labile elements escaped easier from the CEZ, whereas the larger refractory particles were removed more efficiently from the atmosphere mainly affecting the CEZ and its vicinity. During the spring 2015 fires, about 93% of the labile and 97% of the refractory particles ended in Eastern European countries. Similarly, during the summer 2015 fires, about 75% of the labile and 59% of the refractory radionuclides were exported from the CEZ with the majority depositing in Belarus and Russia. Effective doses were above 1 mSv y(-1) in the CEZ, but much lower in the rest of Europe contributing an additional dose to the Eastern European population, which is far below a dose from a medical X-ray.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Evangeliou
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Department of Atmospheric and Climate Research (ATMOS), Kjeller, Norway
| | - S. Zibtsev
- National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - V. Myroniuk
- National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - M. Zhurba
- National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - T. Hamburger
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Department of Atmospheric and Climate Research (ATMOS), Kjeller, Norway
| | - A. Stohl
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Department of Atmospheric and Climate Research (ATMOS), Kjeller, Norway
| | - Y. Balkanski
- CEA-UVSQ-CNRS UMR 8212, Institut Pierre et Simon Laplace, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement (LSCE), L’Orme des Merisiers, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - R. Paugam
- King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - T. A. Mousseau
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - A. P. Møller
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, CNRS UMR 8079, Université Paris-Sud, Bâtiment 362, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - S. I. Kireev
- Deputy General Director of the State Enterprise “Chernobyl Special Kombinat”, Chernobyl city, 6 Shkolna street, Ukraine
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Einor D, Bonisoli-Alquati A, Costantini D, Mousseau TA, Møller AP. Ionizing radiation, antioxidant response and oxidative damage: A meta-analysis. Sci Total Environ 2016; 548-549:463-471. [PMID: 26851726 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
One mechanism proposed as a link between exposure to ionizing radiation and detrimental effects on organisms is oxidative damage. To test this hypothesis, we surveyed the scientific literature on the effects of chronic low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR) on antioxidant responses and oxidative damage. We found 40 publications and 212 effect sizes for antioxidant responses and 288 effect sizes for effects of oxidative damage. We performed a meta-analysis of signed and unsigned effect sizes. We found large unsigned effects for both categories (0.918 for oxidative damage; 0.973 for antioxidant response). Mean signed effect size weighted by sample size was 0.276 for oxidative damage and -0.350 for antioxidant defenses, with significant heterogeneity among effects for both categories, implying that ionizing radiation caused small to intermediate increases in oxidative damage and small to intermediate decreases in antioxidant defenses. Our estimates are robust, as shown by very high fail-safe numbers. Species, biological matrix (tissue, blood, sperm) and age predicted the magnitude of effects for oxidative damage as well as antioxidant response. Meta-regression models showed that effect sizes for oxidative damage varied among species and age classes, while effect sizes for antioxidant responses varied among species and biological matrices. Our results are consistent with the description of mechanisms underlying pathological effects of chronic exposure to LDIR. Our results also highlight the importance of resistance to oxidative stress as one possible mechanism associated with variation in species responses to LDIR-contaminated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Einor
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
| | - A Bonisoli-Alquati
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
| | - D Costantini
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, B-2610, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - T A Mousseau
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Faculty of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan.
| | - A P Møller
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, CNRS UMR 8079, Université Paris-Sud, Bâtiment 362, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France.
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Laursen
- Aarhus University Institute of Bioscience Aarhus Denmark
| | - A. P. Møller
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Systématique et Evolution CNRS UMR 8079 Université Paris‐Sud Orsay Cedex France
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Abstract
Environmental conditions experienced in early life may shape subsequent phenotypic traits including life history. We investigated how predation risk caused by domestic cats (Felis silvestris catus) and local breeding density affected patterns of reproductive and survival senescence in Barn Swallows (Hirundo rustica) breeding semicolonially in Denmark. We recorded the abundance of cats and the number of breeding pairs at 39 breeding sites during 24 years and related these to age-specific survival rate and reproductive senescence to test predictions of the life history theory of senescence. We found evidence for actuarial senescence for the first time in this species. Survival rate increased until reaching a plateau in midlife and then decreased later. We also found that survival rate was higher for males than females. Local breeding density or predation risk did not affect survival as predicted by theory. Barn Swallows with short lives did not invest more in reproduction in early life, inconsistent with expectations for trade-offs between reproduction and survival as theory suggests. However, we found that the rate of reproductive decline during senescence was steeper for individuals exposed to intense competition, and predation pressure accelerated the rate of reproductive senescence, but only in sites with many breeding pairs. These latter results are in accordance with one of the predictions suggested by the life history theory of aging. These results emphasize the importance of considering intraspecific competition and interspecific interactions such as predation when analyzing reproductive and actuarial senescence.
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Bonisoli-Alquati A, Koyama K, Tedeschi DJ, Kitamura W, Sukuzi H, Ostermiller S, Arai E, Møller AP, Mousseau TA. Abundance and genetic damage of barn swallows from Fukushima. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9432. [PMID: 25838205 PMCID: PMC5381690 DOI: 10.1038/srep09432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of studies have assessed or modeled the distribution of the radionuclides released by the accident at the Fukushima-Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP). Few studies however have investigated its consequences for the local biota. We tested whether exposure of barn swallow (Hirundo rustica) nestlings to low dose ionizing radiation increased genetic damage to their peripheral erythrocytes. We estimated external radiation exposure by using thermoluminescent dosimeters, and by measuring radioactivity of the nest material. We then assessed DNA damage by means of the neutral comet assay. In addition, we conducted standard point-count censuses of barn swallows across environmental radiation levels, and estimated their abundance and local age ratio. Radioactivity of nest samples was in the range 479-143,349 Bq kg(-1), while external exposure varied between 0.15 and 4.9 mGy. Exposure to radioactive contamination did not correlate with higher genetic damage in nestlings. However, at higher levels of radioactive contamination the number of barn swallows declined and the fraction of juveniles decreased, indicating lower survival and lower reproduction and/or fledging rate. Thus, genetic damage to nestlings does not explain the decline of barn swallows in contaminated areas, and a proximate mechanism for the demographic effects documented here remains to be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bonisoli-Alquati
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - K Koyama
- Japan Bird Research Association, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
| | - D J Tedeschi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - W Kitamura
- Faculty of Environmental Studies, Tokyo City University, Yokohama City, Japan
| | - H Sukuzi
- Value Frontier Co., Ltd., Minato, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Ostermiller
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - E Arai
- Division of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - A P Møller
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, CNRS UMR 8079, Université Paris-Sud, Bâtiment 362, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - T A Mousseau
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
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Evangeliou N, Balkanski Y, Cozic A, Hao WM, Mouillot F, Thonicke K, Paugam R, Zibtsev S, Mousseau TA, Wang R, Poulter B, Petkov A, Yue C, Cadule P, Koffi B, Kaiser JW, Møller AP. Fire evolution in the radioactive forests of Ukraine and Belarus: future risks for the population and the environment. ECOL MONOGR 2015. [DOI: 10.1890/14-1227.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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22
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Møller AP. Life history, predation and flight initiation distance in a migratory bird. J Evol Biol 2014; 27:1105-13. [PMID: 24797579 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Life-history trade-offs occur as a consequence of the compromise between maximization of different components such as the size and the number of clutches. Flight initiation distance (FID) potentially constitutes a general proximate factor influencing such trade-offs reflecting the risks that individuals take. Therefore, greater investment in reproduction occurs at a higher risk of death, resulting in selection for efficient flight morphology. I analysed long-term data on FID in a population of barn swallows Hirundo rustica during 1984-2013 with 2196 records of FID for 1789 individuals. FID had a repeatability of 0.62 (SE = 0.04) and a heritability of 0.48 (SE = 0.07). FID varied between individuals and sites, and it increased over time as climate ameliorated. FID showed a U-shaped relationship with age, with young and very old individuals having the longest FIDs. Barn swallows that arrived early from spring migration, started to breed early and produced many fledglings had the longest FID. Individuals with the longest tails had the longest FID, and individuals with the shortest aspect ratios and wing loadings had the longest FID. Individuals that died from predation had shorter FID than survivors. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that FID relates directly to life history, with longer FIDs being associated with smaller levels of risk-taking.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Møller
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, CNRS UMR 8079, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay Cedex, France
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Soler JJ, Pérez-Contreras T, De Neve L, Macías-Sánchez E, Møller AP, Soler M. Recognizing odd smells and ejection of brood parasitic eggs. An experimental test in magpies of a novel defensive trait against brood parasitism. J Evol Biol 2014; 27:1265-70. [PMID: 24725170 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
One of the most important defensive host traits against brood parasitism is the detection and ejection of parasitic eggs from their nests. Here, we explore the possible role of olfaction in this defensive behaviour. We performed egg-recognition tests in magpie Pica pica nests with model eggs resembling those of parasitic great spotted cuckoos Clamator glandarius. In one of the experiment, experimental model eggs were exposed to strong or moderate smell of tobacco smoke, whereas those of a third group (control) were cleaned with disinfecting wipes and kept in boxes containing odourless cotton. Results showed that model eggs with strong tobacco scent were more frequently ejected compared with control ones. In another experiment, models were smeared with scents from cloacal wash from magpies (control), cloacal wash or uropygial secretions from cuckoos, or human scents. This experiment resulted in a statistically significant effect of treatment in unparasitized magpie nests in which control model eggs handled by humans were more often rejected. These results provide the first evidence that hosts of brood parasites use their olfactory ability to detect and eject foreign eggs from their nests. These findings may have important consequences for handling procedures of experimental eggs used in egg-recognition tests, in addition to our understanding of interactions between brood parasites and their hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Soler
- Departamento de Ecología Funcional y Evolutiva, Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas - CSIC, Almería, Spain; Grupo Coevolución, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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25
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Møller AP, Erritzøe J. Predator-prey interactions, flight initiation distance and brain size. J Evol Biol 2013; 27:34-42. [PMID: 25990564 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Prey avoid being eaten by assessing the risk posed by approaching predators and responding accordingly. Such an assessment may result in prey-predator communication and signalling, which entail further monitoring of the predator by prey. An early antipredator response may provide potential prey with a selective advantage, although this benefit comes at the cost of disturbance in terms of lost foraging opportunities and increased energy expenditure. Therefore, it may pay prey to assess approaching predators and determine the likelihood of attack before fleeing. Given that many approaching potential predators are detected visually, we hypothesized that species with relatively large eyes would be able to detect an approaching predator from afar. Furthermore, we hypothesized that monitoring of predators by potential prey relies on evaluation through information processing by the brain. Therefore, species with relatively larger brains for their body size should be better able to monitor the intentions of a predator, delay flight for longer and hence have shorter flight initiation distances than species with smaller brains. Indeed, flight initiation distances increased with relative eye size and decreased with relative brain size in a comparative study of 107 species of birds. In addition, flight initiation distance increased independently with size of the cerebellum, which plays a key role in motor control. These results are consistent with cognitive monitoring as an antipredator behaviour that does not result in the fastest possible, but rather the least expensive escape flights. Therefore, antipredator behaviour may have coevolved with the size of sense organs, brains and compartments of the brain involved in responses to risk of predation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Møller
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, CNRS UMR 8079, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay Cedex, France
| | - J Erritzøe
- Taps Old Rectory, Christiansfeld, Denmark
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Møller AP, Vágási CI, Pap PL. Risk-taking and the evolution of mechanisms for rapid escape from predators. J Evol Biol 2013; 26:1143-50. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. P. Møller
- Laboratoire D'ecologie; Systématique Et Evolution, Cnrs Umr 8079; Université Paris-Sud; Orsay Cedex France
| | - C. I. Vágási
- Evolutionary Ecology Group; Hungarian Department Of Biology And Ecology; Babeş-Bolyai University; Cluj Napoca Romania
- MTA-DE “Lendület” ; Behavioural Ecology Research Group; Department Of Evolutionary Zoology; University Of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
| | - P. L. Pap
- Evolutionary Ecology Group; Hungarian Department Of Biology And Ecology; Babeş-Bolyai University; Cluj Napoca Romania
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Abstract
Evolution of life history traits can be studied at two different levels: (1) current selection processes, including trade-offs in life history traits in natural populations as revealed by observations or, preferably, exieriments; and (2) patterns of variation in life history traits with each other and with ecology among extant species. Selection is not evolution, but selection pressures must have caused evolutionary change and led to current patterns of life history traits. These problems are exemplified by recent research on clutch size in birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Linden
- M. Lindén and A.P. Møller are at the Dept of Zoology, Box 561, Uppsala University, S-751 22 Uppsala, Sweden
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29
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Balbontín J, Møller AP, Hermosell IG, Marzal A, Reviriego M, de Lope F. Geographical variation in reproductive ageing patterns and life-history strategy of a short-lived passerine bird. J Evol Biol 2012; 25:2298-309. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2012.02606.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2011] [Revised: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Balbontín
- Departamento de Zoología; Facultad de Biología, Avda. Reina Mercedes s/n, Edificio Verde; Sevilla; E-41012 Spain
| | - A. P. Møller
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution; CNRS UMR 8079; Université Paris-Sud; Orsay Cedex; France
| | - I. G. Hermosell
- Departamento de Anatomía, Biología Celular y Zoología; Universidad de Extremadura; Avda. Elvas s/n, Badajoz; E-06071 Spain
| | - A. Marzal
- Departamento de Anatomía, Biología Celular y Zoología; Universidad de Extremadura; Avda. Elvas s/n, Badajoz; E-06071 Spain
| | - M. Reviriego
- Departamento de Anatomía, Biología Celular y Zoología; Universidad de Extremadura; Avda. Elvas s/n, Badajoz; E-06071 Spain
| | - F. de Lope
- Departamento de Anatomía, Biología Celular y Zoología; Universidad de Extremadura; Avda. Elvas s/n, Badajoz; E-06071 Spain
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Soler JJ, Peralta-Sánchez JM, Martín-Platero AM, Martín-Vivaldi M, Martínez-Bueno M, Møller AP. The evolution of size of the uropygial gland: mutualistic feather mites and uropygial secretion reduce bacterial loads of eggshells and hatching failures of European birds. J Evol Biol 2012; 25:1779-91. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2012.02561.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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31
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Abstract
Mutagenic and epigenetic effects of environmental stressors and their transgenerational consequences are of interest to evolutionary biologists because they can amplify natural genetic variation. We studied the effect of parental exposure to radioactive contamination on offspring development in lesser marsh grasshopper Chorthippus albomarginatus. We used a geometric morphometric approach to measure fluctuating asymmetry (FA), wing shape and wing size. We measured time to sexual maturity to check whether parental exposure to radiation influenced offspring developmental trajectory and tested effects of radiation on hatching success and parental fecundity. Wings were larger in early maturing individuals born to parents from high radiation sites compared to early maturing individuals from low radiation sites. As time to sexual maturity increased, wing size decreased but more sharply in individuals from high radiation sites. Radiation exposure did not significantly affect FA or shape in wings nor did it significantly affect hatching success and fecundity. Overall, parental radiation exposure can adversely affect offspring development and fitness depending on developmental trajectories although the cause of this effect remains unclear. We suggest more direct measures of fitness and the inclusion of replication in future studies to help further our understanding of the relationship between developmental instability, fitness and environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Beasley
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
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32
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Liang W, Yang C, Stokke BG, Antonov A, Fossøy F, Vikan JR, Moksnes A, Røskaft E, Shykoff JA, Møller AP, Takasu F. Modelling the maintenance of egg polymorphism in avian brood parasites and their hosts. J Evol Biol 2012; 25:916-29. [PMID: 22404333 DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2012.02484.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In avian brood parasitism, egg phenotype plays a key role for both host and parasite reproduction. Several parrotbill species of the genus Paradoxornis are parasitized by the common cuckoo Cuculus canorus, and clear polymorphism in egg phenotype is observed. In this article, we develop a population genetics model in order to identify the key parameters that control the maintenance of egg polymorphism. The model analyses show that egg polymorphism can be maintained either statically as an equilibrium or dynamically with frequency oscillations depending on the sensitivity of the host against unlike eggs and how the parasite targets host nests with specific egg phenotypes. On the basis of the model, we discuss egg polymorphism observed in parrotbills and other host species parasitized by the cuckoo. We suggest the possibility that frequencies of egg phenotypes oscillate and we appeal for monitoring of cuckoo-host interactions over a large spatiotemporal scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Liang
- College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
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33
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Abstract
1. Predators often prey on individuals that are sick or otherwise weakened. Although previous studies have shown higher abundance of parasites in prey, whether prey have elevated loads of micro-organisms remains to be determined. 2. We quantified the abundance of bacteria and fungi on feathers of woodpigeons Columba palumbus L., jays Garrulus glandarius L. and blackbirds Turdus merula L. that either fell prey to goshawks Accipiter gentilis L. or were not depredated. 3. We found an almost three-fold increase in bacterial load of prey compared with non-prey, while there was no significant difference between prey and non-prey in level of fungal infection of the plumage. 4. The results were not confounded by differences in size or mass of feathers, date of collection of feathers, or date of analysis of feathers for micro-organisms. 5. These findings suggest a previously unknown contribution of bacteria to risk of predation, with important implications for behaviour, population ecology and community ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Møller
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, CNRS UMR 8079, Université Paris-Sud, Bâtiment 362, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France.
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Teplitsky C, Mouawad NG, Balbontin J, De Lope F, Møller AP. Quantitative genetics of migration syndromes: a study of two barn swallow populations. J Evol Biol 2011; 24:2025-39. [PMID: 21707815 DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02342.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Migration is a complex trait although little is known about genetic correlations between traits involved in such migration syndromes. To assess the migratory responses to climate change, we need information on genetic constraints on evolutionary potential of arrival dates in migratory birds. Using two long-term data sets on barn swallows Hirundo rustica (from Spain and Denmark), we show for the first time in wild populations that spring arrival dates are phenotypically and genetically correlated with morphological and life history traits. In the Danish population, length of outermost tail feathers and wing length were negatively genetically correlated with arrival date. In the Spanish population, we found a negative genetic correlation between arrival date and time elapsed between arrival date and laying date, constraining response to selection that favours both early arrival and shorter delays. This results in a decreased rate of adaptation, not because of constraints on arrival date, but constraints on delay before breeding, that is, a trait that can be equally important in the context of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Teplitsky
- Département Ecologie et Gestion de la Biodiversité UMR MNHN - CNRS 7204, Paris, France.
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35
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Abstract
Abstract
Behavioral responses to environmental change are the mechanisms that allow for rapid phenotypic change preventing temporary or permanent damage and hence preventing reductions in fitness. Extreme climatic events are by definition rare, although they are predicted to increase in amplitude and frequency in the coming years. However, our current knowledge about behavioral responses to such extreme events is scarce. Here I analyze two examples of the effects of extreme weather events on behavior and life history: (1) A comparison of behavior and life history during extremely warm and extremely cold years relative to normal years; and (2) a comparison of behavior before and after the extremely early snowfall in fall 1974 when numerous birds died in the Alps during September-October. Behavioral and life history responses of barn swallows Hirundo rustica to extremely cold and extremely warm years were positively correlated, with particularly large effect sizes in cold years. Extreme mortality in barn swallows during fall migration 1974 in the Alps eliminated more than 40% of the breeding population across large areas in Central and Northern Europe, and this affected first arrival date, changes in timing and extent of reproduction and changes in degree of breeding sociality supposedly as a consequence of correlated responses to selection. Finally, I provide directions for research that will allow us to better understand behavior and life history changes in response to extreme climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. P. Møller
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, CNRS UMR 8079, Université Paris-Sud, Bâtiment 362, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France
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Møller AP, Garamszegi LZ, Peralta-Sánchez JM, Soler JJ. Migratory divides and their consequences for dispersal, population size and parasite-host interactions. J Evol Biol 2011; 24:1744-55. [PMID: 21599774 DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02302.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Populations of migratory birds differ in their direction of migration with neighbouring populations often migrating in divergent directions separated by migratory divides. A total of 26% of 103 passerine bird species in Europe had migratory divides that were located disproportionately often along a longitudinal gradient in Central Europe, consistent with the assumption of a Quaternary glacial origin of such divides in the Iberian and Balkan peninsulas followed by recolonization. Given that studies have shown significant genetic differentiation and reduced gene flow across migratory divides, we hypothesized that an absence of migratory divides would result in elevated rates of gene flow and hence a reduced level of local adaptation. In a comparative study, species with migratory divides had larger population sizes and population densities and longer dispersal distances than species without migratory divides. Species with migratory divides tended to be habitat generalists. Bird species with migratory divides had higher richness of blood parasites and higher growth rates of Staphylococcus on their eggs during the incubation period. There was weaker cell-mediated immunity in adults and stronger cell lysis in species with migratory divides. These findings may suggest that migratory divides constitute barriers to dispersal with consequences for ecology and evolution of distributions, population sizes, habitats and parasite-host interactions. They also suggest that migratory divides may play a role in local adaptation in host-parasite interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Møller
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, CNRS UMR 8079, Université Paris-Sud, Bâtiment, Orsay Cedex, France.
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Abstract
Eumelanin and pheomelanin are the most common vertebrate pigments. They generate different colours and are synthesized under different physiological conditions. While pheomelanogenesis requires high levels of a key intracellular antioxidant (glutathione, GSH), eumelanogenesis is inhibited by GSH. This implies that species that present the molecular basis to produce large amounts of pheomelanin might be more limited to perform other costly processes that generate oxidative stress than species that produce eumelanin. Brain development requires large amounts of energy and antioxidants during ontogeny, so that large-brained species may be constrained in their simultaneous synthesis of large amounts of pheomelanin, but not in their synthesis of eumelanin. Here, we tested this hypothesis in a large dataset of 323 bird species. After controlling for the effects of phylogeny, latitude and sexual dichromatism, the proportion of pheomelanic plumage colour was strongly negatively related to the relative brain mass of species, whereas no relationship was found for the proportion of eumelanic colour. This indicates that the production of pheomelanin is a costly process that cannot evolve together with complex neural structures and thus with large cognitive capacity. This is the first time that the expression of melanic traits is found to correlate with another phenotypic character across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Galván
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana/CSIC, Seville, Spain.
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Møller AP, Antonov A, Stokke BG, Fossøy F, Moksnes A, Røskaft E, Takasu F. Isolation by time and habitat and coexistence of distinct host races of the common cuckoo. J Evol Biol 2011; 24:676-84. [PMID: 21214656 DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2010.02202.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Isolation by time occurs when different populations of a single species reproduce at different times and thereby reduce the probability of interbreeding, potentially causing divergent adaptation to timing of reproduction, eventually resulting in ecological species separated by timing of reproduction. We analysed extensive data on timing of reproduction by different host races of the common cuckoo Cuculus canorus that is an obligate brood parasite laying eggs in the nests of many different species of passerine birds. Because different hosts breed at different times, specific host races of cuckoos have adapted to specific hosts by laying eggs when nests of these hosts are available, and such divergence may be further exaggerated by differences in timing of breeding among host races with similar habitat requirements. Host species accounted for a quarter of the variance in timing of breeding by the cuckoo. Common cuckoos reproduced at a similar, but narrower subset of dates as did possible hosts, showing that only a fraction of hosts with specific breeding dates were parasitized. Common cuckoo eggs laid in the 'right' kind of nests, phenotypically matching the eggs of the host, were laid later during the season than cuckoo eggs laid in the 'wrong' kind of nests where the eggs did not mimic those of the host. Pairs of sympatric cuckoo host races differed more in timing of breeding than pairs of allopatric host races, and pairs of cuckoo host races with similar breeding habitat differed more in breeding date than pairs of cuckoo host races with dissimilar habitat, as expected from reproductive character displacement. These findings are consistent with cuckoo host races being isolated by timing of breeding and habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Møller
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, Université Paris-Sud, Cedex, France.
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Soler JJ, Martín-Gálvez D, Martínez JG, Soler M, Canestrari D, Abad-Gómez JM, Møller AP. Evolution of tolerance by magpies to brood parasitism by great spotted cuckoos. Proc Biol Sci 2010; 278:2047-52. [PMID: 21123258 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2010.2218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hosts may use two different strategies to ameliorate negative effects of a given parasite burden: resistance or tolerance. Although both resistance and tolerance of parasitism should evolve as a consequence of selection pressures owing to parasitism, the study of evolutionary patterns of tolerance has traditionally been neglected by animal biologists. Here, we explore geographical covariation between tolerance of magpies (Pica pica) and brood parasitism by the great spotted cuckoo (Clamator glandarius) in nine different sympatric populations. We estimated tolerance as the slope of the regression of number of magpie fledglings (i.e. host fitness) on number of cuckoo eggs laid in non-depredated nests (which broadly equals parasite burden). We also estimated prevalence of parasitism and level of host resistance (i.e. rejection rates of mimetic model eggs) in these nine populations. In accordance with the hypothetical role of tolerance in the coevolutionary process between magpies and cuckoos we found geographical variation in tolerance estimates that positively covaried with prevalence of parasitism. Levels of resistance and tolerance were not associated, possibly suggesting the lack of a trade-off between the two kinds of defences against great spotted cuckoo parasitism for magpies. We discuss the results in the framework of a mosaic of coevolutionary interactions along the geographical distribution of magpies and great spotted cuckoos for which we found evidence that tolerance plays a major role.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Soler
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva y Funcional, Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas (CSIC), 04120 Almería, Spain.
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40
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Avilés JM, Vikan JR, Fossøy F, Antonov A, Moksnes A, Røskaft E, Shykoff JA, Møller AP, Jensen H, Procházka P, Stokke BG. The common cuckoo Cuculus canorus is not locally adapted to its reed warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus host. J Evol Biol 2010; 24:314-25. [PMID: 21054625 DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2010.02168.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The obligate avian brood parasitic common cuckoo Cuculus canorus comprises different strains of females that specialize on particular host species by laying eggs of a constant type that often mimics those of the host. Whether cuckoos are locally adapted for mimicking populations of the hosts on which they are specialized has never been investigated. In this study, we first explored the possibility of local adaptation in cuckoo egg mimicry over a geographical mosaic of selection exerted by one of its main European hosts, the reed warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus. Secondly, we investigated whether cuckoos inhabiting reed warbler populations with a broad number of alternative suitable hosts at hand were less locally adapted. Cuckoo eggs showed different degrees of mimicry to different reed warbler populations. However, cuckoo eggs did not match the egg phenotypes of their local host population better than eggs of other host populations, indicating that cuckoos were not locally adapted for mimicry on reed warblers. Interestingly, cuckoos exploiting reed warblers in populations with a relatively larger number of co-occurring cuckoo gentes showed lower than average levels of local adaptation in egg volume. Our results suggest that cuckoo local adaptation might be prevented when different cuckoo populations exploit more or fewer different host species, with gene flow or frequent host switches breaking down local adaptation where many host races co-occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Avilés
- Departamento de Ecología Morfológica y Funcional, Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas, C.S.I.C., Almería, Spain.
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41
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Møller AP, Saino N, Adamík P, Ambrosini R, Antonov A, Campobello D, Stokke BG, Fossøy F, Lehikoinen E, Martin-Vivaldi M, Moksnes A, Moskat C, Røskaft E, Rubolini D, Schulze-Hagen K, Soler M, Shykoff JA. Rapid change in host use of the common cuckoo Cuculus canorus linked to climate change. Proc Biol Sci 2010; 278:733-8. [PMID: 20843848 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2010.1592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Parasites require synchrony with their hosts so if host timing changes with climate change, some parasites may decline and eventually go extinct. Residents and short-distance migrant hosts of the brood parasitic common cuckoo, Cuculus canorus, have advanced their phenology in response to climate change more than long-distance migrants, including the cuckoo itself. Because different parts of Europe show different degrees of climate change, we predicted that use of residents or short-distance migrants as hosts should have declined in areas with greater increase in spring temperature. Comparing relative frequency of parasitism of the two host categories in 23 European countries before and after 1990, when spring temperatures in many areas had started to increase, we found that relative parasitism of residents and short-distance migrants decreased. This change in host use was positively related to increase in spring temperature, consistent with the prediction that relative change in phenology for different migrant classes drives host-use patterns. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that climate change affects the relative abundance of different host races of the common cuckoo.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Møller
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, CNRS UMR 8079, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France.
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42
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Abstract
A recent increase in comparative studies of the ecological and evolutionary consequences of brain size in birds and primates in particular have suggested that cognitive abilities constitute a central link. Surprisingly, there are hardly any intraspecific studies investigating how individuals differing in brain size behave, how such individuals are distributed and how brain size is related to life history and fitness components. Brain mass of the barn swallow Hirundo rustica was strongly predicted by external head volume, explaining 99.5% of the variance, allowing for repeatable estimates of head volume as a reflection of brain size. Repeatability of head volume within and between years was high, suggesting that measurement errors were small. In a 2 years study of 501 individual adult barn swallows, I showed that head volume differed between sexes and age classes, with yearlings having smaller and more variable heads than older individuals, and females having smaller and more variable heads than males. Large head volume was not a consequence of large body size, which was a poor predictor of head volume. Birds with large heads arrived early from spring migration, independent of sex and age, indicating that migratory performance may have an important cognitive component. Head volume significantly predicted capture date and recapture probability, suggesting that head volume is related to learning ability, although morphological traits such as wing length, aspect ratio and wing area were unimportant predictors. Intensity of defence of offspring increased with head volume in females, but not in males. Barn swallows with large heads aggregated in large colonies, suggesting that individuals with large heads were more common in socially complex environments. These results suggest that brain size is currently under natural and sexual selection, and that micro-evolutionary processes affecting brain size can be studied under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Møller
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, Université Paris-Sud, Bâtiment, Orsay Cedex, France.
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43
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44
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Abstract
Animals fleeing a potential predator can escape horizontally or vertically, although vertical flight is more expensive than horizontal flight. The ability to escape in three dimensions by flying animals has been hypothesized to result in greater survival and eventually slower senescence than in animals only fleeing in two dimensions. In a comparative study of flight initiation distance in 69 species of birds when approached by a human, I found that the amount of variance explained by flight initiation distance was more than four times as large for the horizontal than the vertical component of perch height when taking flight. The slope of the relationship between horizontal distance and flight initiation distance (horizontal slope) increased with increasing body mass across species, whereas the slope of the relationship between vertical distance and flight initiation distance (vertical slope) decreased with increasing body mass. Therefore, there was a negative relationship between horizontal and vertical slope, although this negative relationship was significantly less steep than expected for a perfect trade-off. The horizontal slope decreased with increasing density of the habitat from grassland over shrub to forest, whereas that was not the case for the vertical slope. Adult survival rate increased and rate of senescence (longevity adjusted for survival rate, body mass and sampling effort) decreased with increasing vertical, but not with horizontal slope, consistent with the prediction that vertical escape indeed provides a means of reducing the impact of predation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Møller
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, CNRS UMR 8079, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay Cedex, France.
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45
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Antonov A, Stokke BG, Vikan JR, Fossøy F, Ranke PS, Røskaft E, Moksnes A, Møller AP, Shykoff JA. Egg phenotype differentiation in sympatric cuckoo Cuculus canorus gentes. J Evol Biol 2010; 23:1170-82. [PMID: 20345810 DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2010.01982.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The brood parasitic common cuckoo Cuculus canorus consists of gentes, which typically parasitize only a single host species whose eggs they often mimic. Where multiple cuckoo gentes co-exist in sympatry, we may expect variable but generally poorer mimicry because of host switches or inter-gens gene flow via males if these also contribute to egg phenotypes. Here, we investigated egg trait differentiation and mimicry in three cuckoo gentes parasitizing great reed warblers Acrocephalus arundinaceus, marsh warblers Acrocephalus palustris and corn buntings Miliaria calandra breeding in close sympatry in partially overlapping habitat types. The three cuckoo gentes showed a remarkable degree of mimicry to their three host species in some but not all egg features, including egg size, a hitherto largely ignored feature of egg mimicry. Egg phenotype matching for both background and spot colours as well as for egg size has been maintained in close sympatry despite the possibility for gene flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Antonov
- Centre for Advanced Study, Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, Drammensveien, Oslo, Norway.
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46
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Abstract
1. The duration of the reproductive season may depend on the duration of the growing season, with recent amelioration in spring temperatures allowing earlier start of reproduction. Earlier start of reproduction may allow a longer breeding season because of more broods a longer interval between broods for multi-brooded species. 2. We analysed extensive long-term data sets on timing of breeding in 20 species of birds from Denmark, based on records of over 100 000 individual offspring, showing considerable heterogeneity among species in temporal change in duration of the breeding season. 3. Multi-brooded species increased the duration of their breeding season by 0.43 days year(-1) while single-brooded species decreased the duration of their breeding season by 0.44 days year(-1). This implies that recent climate change has allowed more broods or better temporal spacing of broods in multi-brooded species, while the time window for reproduction has become narrower in single-brooded species. 4. The single-most important predictor of change in duration of the breeding season was change in the date breeding started; there was no change in the date of end of breeding. Species advancing their breeding date the most also expanded the duration of the breeding season. In contrast, long-distance migration and generation time did not predict change in duration of the breeding season.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Møller
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, CNRS UMR 8079, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay Cedex, France.
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47
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Abstract
Colour preferences from sexual or social contexts are assumed to have arisen owing to preferences for specific kinds of food, representing a sensory bias, but once colour preferences have evolved in a sexual context, they may also be expressed during foraging. We tested whether preferences for specific body colours (i.e. plumage and soft parts) were related to colour preferences for grit ingested by birds. Birds eat grit to facilitate break down of food by the gizzard, and this function is independent of the colour of grit, but depends on the physical properties of stones. Bird species were significantly consistent in colour of grit, and grit of different colours varied in prevalence among species, even when analyses were restricted to a sample from a single locality. There were positive correlations between presence of lilac and red grit in the gizzard and presence of sexually dichromatic lilac and red colour on the body. There was a positive correlation between red grit colour and red sexually monochromatic body colour. Bird species with many different sexual colours, but not sexually monochromatic colours on their body had many different colours of grit. Males had more lilac and red grit than females, with this effect differing among species, whereas that was not the case for grit of other colours. These findings are consistent with the sensory bias hypothesis that birds express preferences for grit of specific colours and a high diversity of colours related to sexual colouration of the body, even when the colour of such grit is only visible to the individual at the moment of ingestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Møller
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, CNRS UMR 8079, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay Cedex, France.
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49
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Abstract
Basal metabolic rate (BMR) constitutes the minimal metabolic rate in the zone of thermo-neutrality, where heat production is not elevated for temperature regulation. BMR thus constitutes the minimum metabolic rate that is required for maintenance. Interspecific variation in BMR in birds is correlated with food habits, climate, habitat, flight activity, torpor, altitude, and migration, although the selective forces involved in the evolution of these presumed adaptations are not always obvious. I suggest that BMR constitutes the minimum level required for maintenance, and that variation in this minimum level reflects the fitness costs and benefits in terms of ability to respond to selective agents like predators, implying that an elevated level of BMR is a cost of wariness towards predators. This hypothesis predicts a positive relationship between BMR and measures of risk taking such as flight initiation distance (FID) of individuals approached by a potential predator. Consistent with this suggestion, I show in a comparative analysis of 76 bird species that species with higher BMR for their body mass have longer FID when approached by a potential predator. This effect was independent of potentially confounding variables and similarity among species due to common phylogenetic descent. These results imply that BMR is positively related to risk-taking behaviour, and that predation constitutes a neglected factor in the evolution of BMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Møller
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, CNRS UMR 8079, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay Cedex, France.
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50
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Møller AP, Fincher CL, Thornhill R. Why men have shorter lives than women: effects of resource availability, infectious disease, and senescence. Am J Hum Biol 2009; 21:357-64. [PMID: 19189415 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.20879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescence arises from age-specific deterioration of the soma as a consequence of optimization of life history, and such effects of senescence should appear when comparing species that differ in intensity of sexual selection, as well as when comparing, within a species, the two sexes that often differ in intensity of sexual selection. However, any extrinsic cause of mortality that reduces life expectancy will reduce the possibility of detecting sex-specific differences in senescence. We investigated geographical variation in human sex differences in longevity across 121 countries to test whether differences in sexual competition for limiting resources, reflecting intensity of sexual selection, affected sex differences in longevity. Men on average lived 5 years shorter than women. High rates of childhood morbidity and mortality reduced the sex difference in longevity, while increased overall longevity increased the sex difference in longevity. Increased resource availability estimated from gross domestic product per capita reduced the sex difference in longevity, accounting for 10% of the variance, while there was no additional effect of income inequality as reflected by the Gini coefficient. In a separate analysis of sex differences in longevity among the states of the US, there was a strong effect of the Gini coefficient on sex difference in longevity, with the negative effect on male longevity being stronger than that on female longevity. In contrast, there was only a marginal effect of average household income. Thus, there was evidence of increased competition for resources contributing to increased sex differences in longevity within a single nation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Møller
- CNRS, UMR 7103, Laboratoire de Parasitologie Evolutive, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris Cedex 05, France.
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