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Plevri A, Mamais D, Noutsopoulos C. Anaerobic MBR technology for treating municipal wastewater at ambient temperatures. Chemosphere 2021; 275:129961. [PMID: 33677279 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
An innovative way to treat municipal wastewater and produce energy at the same time is anaerobic treatment. Anaerobic processes are traditionally used for high-strength wastewater or municipal sludge treatment and only recently have been applied for the treatment of low strength municipal wastewater To investigate the performance of anaerobic wastewater treatment through the incorporation of membrane technology, a 40 L laboratory scale Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor (AnMBR) with a flat sheet submerged membrane along with a 40 L reservoir for trapping and measuring the biogas produced have been installed and set in operation. The scope of this study is to examine, through long term bench scale experiments, the impact that different temperatures and also different operating conditions have on the efficiency of AnMBR in order to identify the possibility of integrating this technology into Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs). This paper evaluates the efficiency of AnMBR in the temperature range 14-26 °C, operating at three different hydraulic retention times (HRTs). The three different HRTs examined were 2 d, 1 d and 12 h. Each HRT is divided into two different temperature ranges. As the HRT decreased the effluent quality decreased and the membrane fouled more rapidly. AnMBR was able to produce permeate water with an average COD of 51 ± 8 mg L-1 at an HRT of 2 d during the summer period with an average temperature of 24 °C. The effluent COD increased to 67 ± 10 mg L-1 and reached 91 ± 5 mg L-1 for HRT 1 d and 12 h respectively for the same temperature range.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Plevri
- Sanitary Engineering Laboratory, Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytechniou 9, Zografou, 157 80, Athens, Greece.
| | - D Mamais
- Sanitary Engineering Laboratory, Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytechniou 9, Zografou, 157 80, Athens, Greece
| | - C Noutsopoulos
- Sanitary Engineering Laboratory, Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytechniou 9, Zografou, 157 80, Athens, Greece
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Makropoulos C, Rozos E, Tsoukalas I, Plevri A, Karakatsanis G, Karagiannidis L, Makri E, Lioumis C, Noutsopoulos C, Mamais D, Rippis C, Lytras E. Sewer-mining: A water reuse option supporting circular economy, public service provision and entrepreneurship. J Environ Manage 2018; 216:285-298. [PMID: 28728973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Water scarcity, either due to increased urbanisation or climatic variability, has motivated societies to reduce pressure on water resources mainly by reducing water demand. However, this practice alone is not sufficient to guarantee the quality of life that high quality water services underpin, especially within a context of increased urbanisation. As such, the idea of water reuse has been gaining momentum for some time and has recently found a more general context within the idea of the Circular Economy. This paper is set within the context of an ongoing discussion between centralized and decentralized water reuse techniques and the investigation of trade-offs between efficiency and economic viability of reuse at different scales. Specifically, we argue for an intermediate scale of a water reuse option termed 'sewer-mining', which could be considered a reuse scheme at the neighbourhood scale. We suggest that sewer mining (a) provides a feasible alternative reuse option when the geography of the wastewater treatment plant is problematic, (b) relies on mature treatment technologies and (c) presents an opportunity for Small Medium Enterprises (SME) to be involved in the water market, securing environmental, social and economic benefits. To support this argument, we report on a pilot sewer-mining application in Athens, Greece. The pilot, integrates two subsystems: a packaged treatment unit and an information and communications technology (ICT) infrastructure. The paper reports on the pilot's overall performance and critically evaluates the potential of the sewer-mining idea to become a significant piece of the circular economy puzzle for water.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Makropoulos
- Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Politechniou 5, 157 80, Zografou, Athens, Greece.
| | - E Rozos
- Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Politechniou 5, 157 80, Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - I Tsoukalas
- Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Politechniou 5, 157 80, Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - A Plevri
- Athens Water and Sewerage Company S.A (EYDAP) - Research and Development - Oropou 156, 11146, Galatsi, Athens, Greece
| | - G Karakatsanis
- Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Politechniou 5, 157 80, Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - L Karagiannidis
- Institute of Communication and Computer Systems, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., 157 80, Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - E Makri
- TELINT RTD Consultancy Services Ltd., 1 Westferry Circus Canary Wharf, London, United Kingdom
| | - C Lioumis
- CHEMITEC Technical and Commercial Company, 23, Spyrou Vrettou Str., 136 71, Acharnes, Athens, Greece
| | - C Noutsopoulos
- Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Politechniou 5, 157 80, Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - D Mamais
- Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Politechniou 5, 157 80, Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - C Rippis
- Athens Water and Sewerage Company S.A (EYDAP) - Research and Development - Oropou 156, 11146, Galatsi, Athens, Greece
| | - E Lytras
- Athens Water and Sewerage Company S.A (EYDAP) - Research and Development - Oropou 156, 11146, Galatsi, Athens, Greece
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