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Pietiäinen V, Polso M, Migh E, Guckelsberger C, Harmati M, Diosdi A, Turunen L, Hassinen A, Potdar S, Koponen A, Sebestyen EG, Kovacs F, Kriston A, Hollandi R, Burian K, Terhes G, Visnyovszki A, Fodor E, Lacza Z, Kantele A, Kolehmainen P, Kakkola L, Strandin T, Levanov L, Kallioniemi O, Kemeny L, Julkunen I, Vapalahti O, Buzas K, Paavolainen L, Horvath P, Hepojoki J. Image-based and machine learning-guided multiplexed serology test for SARS-CoV-2. Cell Rep Methods 2023; 3:100565. [PMID: 37671026 PMCID: PMC10475844 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2023.100565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
We present a miniaturized immunofluorescence assay (mini-IFA) for measuring antibody response in patient blood samples. The method utilizes machine learning-guided image analysis and enables simultaneous measurement of immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgA, and IgG responses against different viral antigens in an automated and high-throughput manner. The assay relies on antigens expressed through transfection, enabling use at a low biosafety level and fast adaptation to emerging pathogens. Using severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as the model pathogen, we demonstrate that this method allows differentiation between vaccine-induced and infection-induced antibody responses. Additionally, we established a dedicated web page for quantitative visualization of sample-specific results and their distribution, comparing them with controls and other samples. Our results provide a proof of concept for the approach, demonstrating fast and accurate measurement of antibody responses in a research setup with prospects for clinical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilja Pietiäinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Minttu Polso
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ede Migh
- Laboratory of Microscopic Image Analysis and Machine Learning, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Christian Guckelsberger
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
- Finnish Center for Artificial Intelligence, Espoo, Finland
- School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Maria Harmati
- Laboratory of Microscopic Image Analysis and Machine Learning, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Akos Diosdi
- Laboratory of Microscopic Image Analysis and Machine Learning, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Laura Turunen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Hassinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Swapnil Potdar
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Annika Koponen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Edina Gyukity Sebestyen
- Laboratory of Microscopic Image Analysis and Machine Learning, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Kovacs
- Laboratory of Microscopic Image Analysis and Machine Learning, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
- Single-Cell Technologies Ltd., Szeged, Hungary
| | - Andras Kriston
- Laboratory of Microscopic Image Analysis and Machine Learning, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
- Single-Cell Technologies Ltd., Szeged, Hungary
| | - Reka Hollandi
- Laboratory of Microscopic Image Analysis and Machine Learning, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Katalin Burian
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Terhes
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Adam Visnyovszki
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Eszter Fodor
- Department of Sports Physiology, Institute of Sports and Health Sciences, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsombor Lacza
- Department of Sports Physiology, Institute of Sports and Health Sciences, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anu Kantele
- Meilahti Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Research Center (MeiVac), University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Human Microbiome Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Laura Kakkola
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Tomas Strandin
- Department of Virology, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lev Levanov
- Department of Virology, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli Kallioniemi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lajos Kemeny
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ilkka Julkunen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Olli Vapalahti
- Department of Virology, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- HUS Diagnostic Center, HUSLAB, Clinical Microbiology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Krisztina Buzas
- Laboratory of Microscopic Image Analysis and Machine Learning, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Lassi Paavolainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter Horvath
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Laboratory of Microscopic Image Analysis and Machine Learning, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
- Single-Cell Technologies Ltd., Szeged, Hungary
| | - Jussi Hepojoki
- Department of Virology, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- University of Zurich, Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Zürich, Switzerland
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