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Nagle A, Biggart A, Be C, Srinivas H, Hein A, Caridha D, Sciotti RJ, Pybus B, Kreishman-Deitrick M, Bursulaya B, Lai YH, Gao MY, Liang F, Mathison CJN, Liu X, Yeh V, Smith J, Lerario I, Xie Y, Chianelli D, Gibney M, Berman A, Chen YL, Jiricek J, Davis LC, Liu X, Ballard J, Khare S, Eggimann FK, Luneau A, Groessl T, Shapiro M, Richmond W, Johnson K, Rudewicz PJ, Rao SPS, Thompson C, Tuntland T, Spraggon G, Glynne RJ, Supek F, Wiesmann C, Molteni V. Discovery and Characterization of Clinical Candidate LXE408 as a Kinetoplastid-Selective Proteasome Inhibitor for the Treatment of Leishmaniases. J Med Chem 2020; 63:10773-10781. [PMID: 32667203 PMCID: PMC7549094 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
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Visceral
leishmaniasis is responsible for up to 30,000 deaths every
year. Current treatments have shortcomings that include toxicity and
variable efficacy across endemic regions. Previously, we reported
the discovery of GNF6702, a selective inhibitor of the kinetoplastid
proteasome, which cleared parasites in murine models of leishmaniasis,
Chagas disease, and human African trypanosomiasis. Here, we describe
the discovery and characterization of LXE408, a structurally related
kinetoplastid-selective proteasome inhibitor currently in Phase 1
human clinical trials. Furthermore, we present high-resolution cryo-EM
structures of the Leishmania tarentolae proteasome
in complex with LXE408, which provides a compelling explanation for
the noncompetitive mode of binding of this novel class of inhibitors
of the kinetoplastid proteasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Advait Nagle
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Agnes Biggart
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Celine Be
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Honnappa Srinivas
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Hein
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Diana Caridha
- Experimental Therapeutics, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
| | - Richard J Sciotti
- Experimental Therapeutics, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
| | - Brandon Pybus
- Experimental Therapeutics, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
| | - Mara Kreishman-Deitrick
- Experimental Therapeutics, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
| | - Badry Bursulaya
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Yin H Lai
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Mu-Yun Gao
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Fang Liang
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Casey J N Mathison
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Vince Yeh
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jeffrey Smith
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Isabelle Lerario
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Yongping Xie
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Donatella Chianelli
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Michael Gibney
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Ashley Berman
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Yen-Liang Chen
- Novartis Institute of Tropical Diseases, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Jan Jiricek
- Novartis Institute of Tropical Diseases, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Lauren C Davis
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Xianzhong Liu
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jaime Ballard
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Shilpi Khare
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | | | - Alexandre Luneau
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Todd Groessl
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Michael Shapiro
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Wendy Richmond
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Kevin Johnson
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Patrick J Rudewicz
- Novartis Institute of Tropical Diseases, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Srinivasa P S Rao
- Novartis Institute of Tropical Diseases, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Christopher Thompson
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Tove Tuntland
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Glen Spraggon
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Richard J Glynne
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Frantisek Supek
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | | | - Valentina Molteni
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States
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