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Kestler-Peleg M, Greenblatt-Kimron L, Even-Zohar A, Lavenda O. Parental Self-Efficacy Among Israeli Older Adults. Can J Aging 2023; 42:631-641. [PMID: 37272522 DOI: 10.1017/s0714980823000144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Parental self-efficacy (PSE) is a central aspect of parenting research. Although parenting continues in older ages, few studies have focused on PSE among older adults. In line with the parenting determinant model, the study examined the associations between psychological distress, social support, loneliness, and PSE in older age.The study used a quantitative cross-sectional survey, including 362 Israeli parents age 65 years and above. Participants were asked to complete questionnaires of psychological distress, social support, loneliness, PSE, and background information.Results revealed that higher PSE was associated with lower psychological distress, higher social support, and a lower sense of loneliness in older adults. The research model explained 36.9 per cent of the variance in PSE among older adults.Mental state and social conditions are important for PSE of older adults; therefore, professionals should ensure the availability of diverse solutions to enable, maintain, and promote well-being through social and familial engagement in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Osnat Lavenda
- School of Social Work, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
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Even-Zohar A. The Relationship between LGB (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual) Grandchildren and Their Grandparents. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15350770.2021.1989103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahuva Even-Zohar
- School of Social Work, Faculty of Social Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
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Greenblatt-Kimron L, Kestler-Peleg M, Even-Zohar A, Lavenda O. Death Anxiety and Loneliness among Older Adults: Role of Parental Self-Efficacy. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18189857. [PMID: 34574776 PMCID: PMC8470864 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Death anxiety and loneliness are major issues for older people. The present study aimed to broaden the understanding of factors that are linked with increased loneliness in old age by examining the association between death anxiety and loneliness, and the role of an unexplored variable among older adults, namely, parental self-efficacy. A convenience sample of 362 Israeli parents over the age of 65 was recruited through means of social media. Participants completed self-reported questionnaires, which included background characteristics, death anxiety, parental self-efficacy, and loneliness measures. The findings showed that death anxiety was positively associated with loneliness among older adults. The findings also confirmed that parental self-efficacy moderated this association in this population. We concluded that the combination of death anxiety and low parental self-efficacy identified a group of older adults that are at higher risk of developing increased loneliness levels. Mental health professionals should consider intergenerational relationships as a fundamental component of older adults' daily lives, focusing on parental self-efficacy in old age, as this appears to be a resilience resource.
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Even-Zohar A, Shtanger V, Israeli A, Averbuch E, Segal G, Mayan H, Steinlauf S, Galper A, Zimlichman E. The Association between Health and Culture: The Perspective of Older Adult Hospital In-Patients in Israel. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18126496. [PMID: 34208609 PMCID: PMC8296490 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
People from different cultures are often hospitalized while the staff treating them do not have sufficient knowledge about the attitudes and feelings of the patients regarding culture and health. To fill this gap, the aim of this study was to examine the perspective of Israeli older adult hospital in-patients regarding the association between health and culture and to understand the meaning of the participants’ experiences with regards to the medical staff’s attitude towards them. This study was carried out using qualitative methodology that followed the interpretive interactionism approach. The research participants were 493 (mean age 70.81, S.D.: 15.88) in-patients at internal care departments at a hospital in Israel who answered an open-ended question included in the questionnaire as part of a wide study held during 2017 to 2018. Two main themes were found: (1) a humane attitude of respect and the right to privacy and (2) beliefs, values, and traditional medicine that are passed down through generations. The findings highlighted the issue of the patients’ cultural heritage and ageist attitudes they ascribed to the professional staff. This study provided recommendations for training the in-patient hospital workforce on the topic of cultural competence, beginning from the stage of diagnosis through treatment and to discharge from the hospital, in order to improve the service.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahuva Even-Zohar
- Faculty of Social Sciences, School of Social Work, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
- Correspondence:
| | - Varda Shtanger
- Quality Assurance Department Patient Report Outcome Measures, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Ha Shomer 52620, Israel;
| | - Anat Israeli
- Internal Nursing Wing, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Ha Shomer 52620, Israel;
| | - Emma Averbuch
- Reduction of Health Inequalities Unit in the Administration for Strategic and Economic Planning at the Israeli Ministry of Health, Jerusalem 9101002, Israel;
| | - Gad Segal
- Internal Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Ha Shomer 52620, Israel; (G.S.); (H.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Haim Mayan
- Internal Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Ha Shomer 52620, Israel; (G.S.); (H.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Shmuel Steinlauf
- Internal Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Ha Shomer 52620, Israel; (G.S.); (H.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Alex Galper
- Quality Assurance Department Patient Report Outcome Measures, Tele-Health Project, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Ha Shomer 52620, Israel;
| | - Eyal Zimlichman
- Innovative and Quality Assurance Department, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Ha Shomer 52620, Israel;
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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Even-Zohar A, Werner S. The Effect of Educational Interventions on Willingness to Work with Older Adults: A Comparison of Students of Social Work and Health Professions. J Gerontol Soc Work 2020; 63:114-132. [PMID: 31935158 DOI: 10.1080/01634372.2020.1712511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The study examined the effect of an educational intervention on the willingness of Israeli social work students to work with older adults, comparing them to students of nursing, speech therapy, and physiotherapy. A sample of 187 first-year students were divided into two groups: a research group (n=83) exposed to an educational intervention on ageing, and a control group (n=104) that received no intervention of any kind. Following the intervention, ageism among social work students in the research group decreased and positive behavior toward older adults increased. No significant differences were found among students of the health professions following the intervention. In addition, ageism mediated between knowledge of ageing and willingness to work with older adults.Furthermore, the higher the students assessed the contribution of the intervention, the lower their level of ageism, the more positive their behavior toward older adults, and the more willing they were to consider a career in geriatrics. The results suggest that introducing into the curriculum a variety of learning methods aimed at increasing knowledge of ageing and familiarity with the world of older adults is likely to encourage more students of social work and other therapeutic professions to work with the older population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahuva Even-Zohar
- School of Social Work, Faculty of Social Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Shoshi Werner
- Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Health sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
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Kagan M, Itzick M, Even-Zohar A, Zychlinski E. Self-Reported Likelihood of Seeking Social Worker Help Among Older Men in Israel. Am J Mens Health 2018; 12:2208-2219. [PMID: 30334490 PMCID: PMC6199418 DOI: 10.1177/1557988318801655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study assessed the association between demographic factors (age, relationship status, and education), psychosocial factors (self-rated health and self-reported loneliness), and factors related to attitudes and behaviors associated with seeking help (prior experience with social workers, attitudes towards social workers, and the stigma attached to seeking help from social workers, and the self-reported likelihood of seeking social workers' help among older men in Israel. The data were collected through structured questionnaires, administered to a sample of 256 older men. The findings indicated several avoidance factors which might discourage older men from seeking social worker help. Older men who are more educated, experience less loneliness, report lower self-rated health, have no prior experience with social workers, have less positive attitudes towards social workers and higher stigma attached to seeking social workers' help, are less likely to seek social workers' help. The research conclusion is that it is important to develop tools and interventions aimed at helping older men deal with such avoidance factors affecting their tendency to refrain from seeking social worker help, as well as to develop practices adapted to their unique needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Kagan
- School of Social Work, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Michal Itzick
- School of Social Work, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
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Even-Zohar A, (Tzurit) Garby A. Great-Grandparents’ Role Perception and Its Contribution to Their Quality of Life. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15350770.2016.1195246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Even-Zohar A. The Contribution of a "Supportive Community" Program for Older Persons in Israel to Their Offspring Who Are Primary Caregivers. Curr Gerontol Geriatr Res 2015; 2015:914543. [PMID: 26346881 PMCID: PMC4546745 DOI: 10.1155/2015/914543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The "supportive community" programs in Israel provide a basket of services for older persons living in their own homes. This study examined the differences between caregiver burden and quality of life of 55 offspring who were the primary caregivers of their older parents who were members of a supportive community, compared to 64 offspring whose parents were nonmembers. The findings showed that the role stress factor of caregiving burden was lower, and the psychological health domain of quality of life was higher among offspring whose parents were members of supportive communities. Some of the predictor variables of burden were income status of caregiver, sharing with others in caregiving, and membership of the parent in a supportive community. The primary predictor variable of the quality of life was caregiving burden. The practical conclusion of this study is to further develop and market supportive community programs in various communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahuva Even-Zohar
- School of Social Work, Faculty of Social Sciences, Ariel University, 40700 Ariel, Israel
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Even-Zohar A. Grandparent-Grandchild Relationships in Israel: A Comparison between Different Jewish Religious Groups. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/15350770.2015.992876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Even-Zohar A. Intergenerational Solidarity Between Adult Grandchildren and Their Grandparents With Different Levels of Functional Ability. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/15350770.2011.567915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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