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Li Q, Liu H, Li L, Guo H, Xie Z, Kong X, Xu J, Zhang J, Chen Y, Zhang Z, Liu J, Xuan A. Mettl1-mediated internal m 7G methylation of Sptbn2 mRNA elicits neurogenesis and anti-alzheimer's disease. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:183. [PMID: 37779199 PMCID: PMC10544167 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01131-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND N7-methylguanosine (m7G) is one of the most conserved modifications in nucleosides impacting mRNA export, splicing, and translation. However, the precise function and molecular mechanism of internal mRNA m7G methylation in adult hippocampal neurogenesis and neurogenesis-related Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain unknown. RESULTS We profiled the dynamic Mettl1/Wdr4 expressions and m7G modification during neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) in vitro and in vivo. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis and its molecular mechanisms were examined by morphology, biochemical methods and biological sequencing. The translation efficiency of mRNA was detected by polysome profiling. The stability of Sptbn2 mRNA was constructed by RNA stability assay. APPswe/PS1ΔE9 (APP/PS1) double transgenic mice were used as model of AD. Morris water maze was used to detect the cognitive function. METHODS We found that m7G methyltransferase complex Mettl1/Wdr4 as well as m7G was significantly elevated in neurons. Functionally, silencing Mettl1 in neural stem cells (NSCs) markedly decreased m7G modification, neuronal genesis and proliferation in addition to increasing gliogenesis, while forced expression of Mettl1 facilitated neuronal differentiation and proliferation. Mechanistically, the m7G modification of Sptbn2 mRNA by Mettl1 enhanced its stability and translation, which promoted neurogenesis. Importantly, genetic defciency of Mettl1 reduced hippocampal neurogenesis and spatial memory in the adult mice. Furthermore, Mettl1 overexpression in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice rescued neurogenesis and behavioral defects. CONCLUSION Our findings unravel the pivotal role of internal mRNA m7G modification in Sptbn2-mediated neurogenesis, and highlight Mettl3 regulation of neurogenesis as a novel therapeutic target in AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Li
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511518, China
| | - Hui Liu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511518, China
| | - Lishi Li
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511518, China
| | - Haomin Guo
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511518, China
| | - Zhihao Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, First Clinical School, School of Health Management, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Xuejian Kong
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511518, China
| | - Jiamin Xu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511518, China
| | - Junlin Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, First Clinical School, School of Health Management, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yunxia Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, First Clinical School, School of Health Management, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Zhongsheng Zhang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511518, China.
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China.
| | - Aiguo Xuan
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511518, China.
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China.
- School of Basic Medical Sciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
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Liao W, Luo H, Ruan Y, Mai Y, Liu C, Chen J, Yang S, Xuan A, Liu J. Identification of candidate genes associated with clinical onset of Alzheimer's disease. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1060111. [PMID: 36605552 PMCID: PMC9808086 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1060111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia, with its pathology like beta-amyloid and phosphorylated tau beginning several years before the clinical onset. The aim is to identify genetic risk factors associated with the onset of AD. Methods We collected three microarray data of post-mortem brains of AD patients and the healthy from the GEO database and screened differentially expressed genes between AD and healthy control. GO/KEGG analysis was applied to identify AD-related pathways. Then we distinguished differential expressed genes between symptomatic and asymptomatic AD. Feature importance with logistic regression analysis is adopted to identify the most critical genes with symptomatic AD. Results Data was collected from three datasets, including 184 AD patients and 132 healthy controls. We found 66 genes to be differently expressed between AD and the control. The pathway enriched in the process of exocytosis, synapse, and metabolism and identified 19 candidate genes, four of which (VSNL1, RTN1, FGF12, and ENC1) are vital. Conclusion VSNL1, RTN1, FGF12, and ENC1 may be the essential genes that progress asymptomatic AD to symptomatic AD. Moreover, they may serve as genetic risk factors to identify high-risk individuals showing an earlier onset of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Liao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoyu Luo
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuting Ruan
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingren Mai
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chongxu Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiawei Chen
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoqing Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Shaoqing Yang,
| | - Aiguo Xuan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Aiguo Xuan,
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Jun Liu,
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Li Q, Wang X, Wang ZH, Lin Z, Yang J, Chen J, Wang R, Ye W, Li Y, Wu Y, Xuan A. Changes in dendritic complexity and spine morphology following BCG immunization in APP/PS1 mice. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2121568. [PMID: 36113067 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2121568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus Calmette - Guerin (BCG) is an immune regulator that can enhance hippocampal synaptic plasticity in rats; however, it is unclear whether it can improve synaptic function in a mouse model with Alzheimer's disease (AD). We hypothesized that BCG plays a protective role in AD mice and investigated its effect on dendritic morphology. The results obtained show that BCG immunization significantly increases dendritic complexity, as indicated by the increased number of dendritic intersections and branch points, as well as the increase in the fractal dimension. Furthermore, the number of primary neurites and dendritic length also increased following BCG immunization, which increased the number of spines and promoted maturation. IFN-γ and IL-4 levels increased, while TNF-α levels decreased following BCG immunization; expression levels of p-JAK2, P-STAT3, SYN, and PSD-95 also increased. Therefore, this study demonstrates that BCG immunization in APP/PS1 mice mitigated hippocampal dendritic spine pathology, especially after the third round of immunization. This effect could possibly be attributed to; changes in dendritic arborization and spine morphology or increases in SYN and PSD-95 expression levels. It could also be related to mechanisms of BCG-induced increases in IFN-γ or IL-4/JAK2/STAT3 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhenzong Lin
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jieyi Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jichun Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Wenfeng Ye
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ya Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yingying Wu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Aiguo Xuan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
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4
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Xu B, Li Q, Wu Y, Wang H, Xu J, Liu H, Xuan A. Mettl3-mediated m 6 A modification of Lrp2 facilitates neurogenesis through Ythdc2 and elicits antidepressant-like effects. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22392. [PMID: 35716070 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200133rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
N6 -methyladenosine (m6 A) is the most abundant mRNA modification affecting diverse biological processes. However, the functions and precise mechanisms of m6 A signaling in adult hippocampal neurogenesis and neurogenesis-related depression remain largely enigmatic. We found that depletion of Mettl3 or Mettl14 in neural stem cells (NSCs) dramatically reduced m6 A abundance, proliferation, and neuronal genesis, coupled with enhanced glial differentiation. Conversely, overexpressing Mettl3 promoted proliferation and neuronal differentiation. Mechanistically, the m6 A modification of Lrp2 mRNA by Mettl3 enhanced its stability and translation efficiency relying on the reader protein Ythdc2, which in turn promoted neurogenesis. Importantly, mice lacking Mettl3 manifested reduced hippocampal neurogenesis, which could contribute to spatial memory decline, and depression-like behaviors. We found that these defective behaviors were notably reversed by Lrp2 overexpression. Moreover, Mettl3 overexpression in the hippocampus of depressive mice rescues behavioral defects. Our findings uncover the biological role of m6 A modification in Lrp2-mediated neurogenesis via m6 A-binding protein Ythdc2, and propose a rationale that targeting Mettl3-Ythdc2-Lrp2 axis regulation of neurogenesis might serve as a promising antidepressant strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanfei Wu
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aiguo Xuan
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Guangzhou, China
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5
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Ye X, Wu Y, Xu J, Liu H, Wang H, Li Q, Li Q, Xuan A. PPARβ mediates mangiferin-induced neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells through DNA demethylation. Pharmacol Res 2022; 179:106235. [PMID: 35472635 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) is heavily implicated in the pathogenesis of various neuropsychiatric disorders. The mangiferin (MGF), a bioactive compound of the mango, reportedly produces biological effects on a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the function and underlying mechanisms of MGF in regulating hippocampal neurogenesis remain unknown. Here we discovered that the transcriptome and methylome of MGF-induced neural stem cells (NSCs) are distinct from the control. RNA-seq analysis revealed that the diferentially expressed genes (DEGs) were signifcantly enriched in the PPARs. Furthermore, we found that MGF enhanced neuronal differentiation and proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs) via PPARβ but not PPARα and PPARγ. The combination of WGBS and RNA-seq analysis showed that the expression of some neurogenesis genes was negatively correlated with the DNA methylation level generally. We further found that PPARβ increased demethylation of Mash1 promoter by modulating the expressions of active and passive DNA demethylation enzymes in MGF-treated NSCs. Importantly, genetic deficiency of PPARβ decreased hippocampal neurogenesis in the adult mice, whereas the defective neurogenesis was notably rescued by Mash1 overexpression. Our findings uncover a model that PPARβ-mediated DNA demethylation of Mash1 contributes to MGF-induced neuronal genesis, and advance the concept that targeting PPARβ-TET1/DNMT3a-Mash1 axis regulation of neurogenesis might serve as a novel neurotherapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Ye
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Yuanfei Wu
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Jiamin Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Aiguo Xuan
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China.
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Li Q, Wu Y, Chen J, Xuan A, Wang X. Microglia and immunotherapy in Alzheimer's disease. Acta Neurol Scand 2022; 145:273-278. [PMID: 34779509 DOI: 10.1111/ane.13551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Microglia are a type of glial cells that play a key role in the repair of damage to the central nervous system (CNS). In the pathological condition of Alzheimer's disease (AD), β-amyloid peptide and a variety of pro-inflammatory factors can activate microglia, resulting in the secretion of a variety of inflammatory factors and neurotoxins. This leads to neuronal damage and even apoptosis, thus triggering AD. In contrast, microglia can protect the CNS by phagocytizing Aβ to slow down AD development. In this review, the roles of microglia in AD neuroinflammation and the scope of immunotherapy for AD are summarized to provide a theoretical basis for AD prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou 510260 China
| | - Yingying Wu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou 510260 China
| | - Jichun Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou 510260 China
| | - Aiguo Xuan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou 510260 China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou 510260 China
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7
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Zhang L, Li Q, Wang H, Wu Y, Ye X, Gong Z, Li Q, Xuan A. Gadd45g, a novel antidepressant target, mediates metformin-induced neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells via DNA demethylation. Stem Cells 2022; 40:59-73. [DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxab001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Increased neurogenesis elicits antidepressive-like effects. The antidiabetic drug metformin (Met) reportedly promotes hippocampal neurogenesis, which ameliorates spatial memory deficits and depression-like behaviors. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underpinning Met-induced neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) remain unclear. We showed that Met enhanced neuronal differentiation of NSCs via Gadd45g but not Gadd45a and Gadd45b. We further found that Gadd45g increased demethylation of neurogenic differentiation 1 (NeuroD1) promoter by regulating the activity of passive and active DNA demethylation enzymes through an AMPK-independent mechanism in Met-treated NSCs. Importantly, genetic deficiency of Gadd45g decreased hippocampal neurogenesis, which could contribute to spatial memory decline, and depression-like behaviors in the adult mice, whereas forced expression of Gadd45g alleviated the depressive-like behaviors. Our findings provide a model that Gadd45g-mediated DNA demethylation contributes to Met-induced neuronal genesis and its antidepressant-like effects, and propose the concept that targeting Gadd45g regulation of neurogenesis might serve as a novel antidepressant strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Function and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Function and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Function and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanfei Wu
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Function and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiujuan Ye
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Function and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuo Gong
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Function and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Function and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aiguo Xuan
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Function and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Guangzhou, China
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Wang J, Huang J, Li YQ, Yao S, Wu CH, Wang Y, Gao F, Xu MD, Huang GB, Zhao CQ, Wu JH, Zhang YL, Jiao R, Deng ZH, Jie W, Li HB, Xuan A, Sun XD. Neuregulin 1/ErbB4 signaling contributes to the anti-epileptic effects of the ketogenic diet. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:29. [PMID: 33536056 PMCID: PMC7860047 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00536-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The ketogenic diet (KD) has been recognized as a potentially effective therapy to treat neuropsychiatric diseases, including epilepsy. Previous studies have indicated that KD treatment elevates γ-Amino butyric acid (GABA) levels in both human and murine brains, which presumably contributes to the KD’s anti-seizure effects. However, this has not been systematically investigated at the synaptic level, and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Methods Kainic acid (KA)-induced acute and chronic seizure models were utilized to examine the effects of KD treatment on seizure threshold and epileptogenesis. Synaptic activities in the hippocampus were recorded with the technique of electrophysiology. The effects of the KD on Neuregulin 1 (Nrg1) expression were assessed via RNA sequencing, real-time PCR and Western blotting. The obligatory role of Nrg1 in KD’s effects on seizures was evaluated through disruption of Nrg1 signaling in mice by genetically deleting its receptor-ErbB4. Results We found that KD treatment suppressed seizures in both acute and chronic seizure models and enhanced presynaptic GABA release probability in the hippocampus. By screening molecular targets linked to GABAergic activity with transcriptome analysis, we identified that KD treatment dramatically increased the Nrg1 gene expression in the hippocampus. Disruption of Nrg1 signaling by genetically deleting its receptor-ErbB4 abolished KD’s effects on GABAergic activity and seizures. Conclusion Our findings suggest a critical role of Nrg1/ErbB4 signaling in mediating KD’s effects on GABAergic activity and seizures, shedding light on developing new therapeutic interventions to seizure control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Jie Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Yuan-Quan Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China.,Department of Neurology of the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511518, China
| | - Shan Yao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Cui-Hong Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Min-Dong Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Guo-Bin Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Chang-Qin Zhao
- Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Jia-Hui Wu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yun-Long Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Renjie Jiao
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Zi-Hao Deng
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Wei Jie
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Hui-Bin Li
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Aiguo Xuan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China.
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Guan YF, Huang GB, Xu MD, Gao F, Lin S, Huang J, Wang J, Li YQ, Wu CH, Yao S, Wang Y, Zhang YL, Teoh JP, Xuan A, Sun XD. Anti-depression effects of ketogenic diet are mediated via the restoration of microglial activation and neuronal excitability in the lateral habenula. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 88:748-762. [PMID: 32413556 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a severe neuropsychiatric disorder, of which the underlying pathological mechanisms remain unclear. The ketogenic diet (KD) has been reported to exhibit preventative effects on depressive-like behaviors in rodents. However, the therapeutic effects of KD on depressive-like behaviors have not been illustrated thus far. Here, we found that KD treatment dramatically ameliorated depressive-like behaviors in both repeated social defeat stress (R-SDS) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) models, indicating the potential therapeutic effects of KD on depression. Our electrophysiological studies further showed that neuronal excitability was increased in the lateral habenula (LHb) of mice exposed to R-SDS or LPS, which can be reversed in the presence of KD treatment. Moreover, R-SDS and LPS were also found to induce robust microglial inflammatory activation in the LHb. Importantly, these phenotypes were rescued in mice fed with KD. In addition, we found that the protein level of innate immune receptor Trem2 in the LHb was significantly decreased in depression models. Specific knockdown of Trem2 in LHb microglia induced depressive-like behaviors, increased neuronal excitability as well as robust microglial inflammatory activation. Altogether, we demonstrated the therapeutic effects of KD on depressive-like behaviors, which are probably mediated via the restoration of microglial inflammatory activation and neuronal excitability. Besides, we also proposed an unrecognized function of Trem2 in the LHb for depression. Our study sheds light on the pathogenesis of depression and thereby offers a potential therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Fei Guan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Guo-Bin Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Min-Dong Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Song Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jie Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Yuan-Quan Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Cui-Hong Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Shan Yao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Yun-Long Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Jian-Peng Teoh
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Aiguo Xuan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China.
| | - Xiang-Dong Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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10
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Gao F, Huang J, Guan YF, Huang GB, Li WJ, He XY, Qiu ZC, Zhang YL, Zhao ST, Li J, Xuan A, Sun XD. Social Company by a Receptive Mating Partner Facilitates Fear Extinction. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:62. [PMID: 32116509 PMCID: PMC7018940 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Fear extinction remains an unresolved challenge for behavioral exposure therapy in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Previous reports have suggested that social support from either familiar or unfamiliar same-sex partners is beneficial to attenuating fear responses during fear extinction and renewal. Despite that, few studies have examined the effects of social support in advance on fear extinction and/or retrieval. It is also not clear whether social company by a receptive mating partner in advance facilitates fear extinction. In the present study, we address these questions by introducing a co-housing method, where fear-conditioned male mice are co-housed with or without a receptive mating partner prior to fear extinction. We found that while co-housing with an ovariectomized female mouse showed little effect on fear extinction or retrieval, social company by a receptive mating partner in advance dramatically facilitates fear extinction. In addition, the number of cFos-positive neurons in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) were also found to be reduced in male mice accompanied with receptive mating partner in response to fear extinction and retrieval, indicating diminished neuronal activation. Electrophysiological studies further showed that the excitability of excitatory neurons in BLA was decreased, which is probably due to the attenuated basal level of excitatory synaptic transmission. Together, our observations demonstrate an effect of social company by a receptive mating partner can facilitate fear extinction and afford a possible cellular mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Fei Guan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Bin Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Jing Li
- KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi-Yi He
- KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi-Cong Qiu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun-Long Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shen-Ting Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aiguo Xuan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Zhu Q, Zhang N, Hu N, Jiang R, Lu H, Xuan A, Long D, Chen Y. Neural stem cell transplantation improves learning and memory by protecting cholinergic neurons and restoring synaptic impairment in an amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:1172-1180. [PMID: 31922229 PMCID: PMC7002968 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.10918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent age-related neurodegenerative disorder. It is featured by the progressive accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. This can eventually lead to a decrease of cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain. Stem cell transplantation is an effective treatment for neurodegenerative diseases. Previous studies have revealed that different types of stem or progenitor cells can mitigate cognition impairment in different Alzheimer's disease mouse models. However, understanding the underlying mechanisms of neural stem cell (NSC) therapies for AD requires further investigation. In the present study, the effects and the underlying mechanisms of the treatment of AD by NSCs are reported. The latter were labelled with the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) prior to implantation into the bilateral hippocampus of an amyloid precursor protein (APP)/presenilin 1 (PS1) transgenic (Tg) mouse model of AD. It was observed that the number of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons was restored and the expression of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) protein was increased. Moreover, the levels of synaptophysin (SYP), postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) and microtubule-associated protein (MAP-2) were significantly increased in the hippocampus of NSC-treated AD mice. Notably, spatial learning and memory were both improved after transplantation of NSCs. In conclusion, the present study revealed that NSC transplantation improved learning and memory functions in an AD mouse model. This treatment allowed repairing of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons and increased the expression of the cognition-related proteins SYP, PSD-95 and MAP-2 in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, P.R. China
| | - Nianping Zhang
- The Teaching and Research Section of Surgery, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, P.R. China
| | - Nan Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, P.R. China
| | - Rongrong Jiang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, P.R. China
| | - Huicong Lu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, P.R. China
| | - Aiguo Xuan
- Department of Human Anatomy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Dahong Long
- Department of Human Anatomy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, P.R. China
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12
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Lu W, Chen S, Chen X, Hu J, Xuan A, Ding SL. Localization of area prostriata and its connections with primary visual cortex in rodent. J Comp Neurol 2019; 528:389-406. [PMID: 31423581 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Area prostriata (Pro) has been found to play important roles in the rapid processing of moving stimuli in the far peripheral visual field. However, the specific neural substrates responsible for these functions remain unknown. In this study, we first examined the location, extent, and topography of the rodent equivalent of the primate Pro based on cytoarchitecture and molecular markers. We then identified its intimate connections with the primary visual cortex (V1) using retrograde and anterograde tracers. Our main finding is that medial V1, which receives peripheral visual information, has strong reciprocal connections with the Pro in both rat and mouse while lateral V1 has significantly fewer such connections. The direct V1 inputs to the Pro provide at least one of the shortest pathways for visual information to reach the Pro, and may be crucial to the fast processing of unexpected stimuli in the peripheral visual field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiye Lu
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shengqiang Chen
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiexian Chen
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jinmeng Hu
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Aiguo Xuan
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Song-Lin Ding
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, Washington
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13
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Kong X, Gong Z, Zhang L, Sun X, Ou Z, Xu B, Huang J, Long D, He X, Lin X, Li Q, Xu L, Xuan A. JAK2/STAT3 signaling mediates IL-6-inhibited neurogenesis of neural stem cells through DNA demethylation/methylation. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 79:159-173. [PMID: 30763768 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation, considered as a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), has been demonstrated to affect hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive function. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a proinflammatory cytokine known to modulate neurogenesis. However, the mechanisms are still largely unknown. Here, we reported that IL-6 suppressed neurogenesis via a JAK2/STAT3 signaling in neural stem cells (NSCs). Importantly, we found that NeuroD1 (Neurogenic differentiation 1) gene expression, which drives NSCs neurodifferentiation, was regulated by TET3 and DNMT1 in a JAK2/STAT3-dependent manner. We further found that JAK2/STAT3 inhibition enhanced demethylation of NeuroD1 regulatory elements in IL-6-treated cells, which is related to the significant upregulation of TET3 expression as well as the decreased expression of DNMT1. Furthermore, Inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 significantly rescued the memory deficits and hippocampal neurogenesis dysfunction in APP/PS1 mice. Our data suggest that JAK2/STAT3 signaling plays a vital role in suppressing neurogenesis of NSCs exposed to IL-6 at the epigenetic level, by regulating DNA methylation/demethylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejian Kong
- Institute of Neuroscience of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China; Department of Neurology of the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511518, China
| | - Zhuo Gong
- Institute of Neuroscience of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Xiangdong Sun
- Institute of Neuroscience of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Zhenri Ou
- Institute of Neuroscience of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Biao Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Jingyi Huang
- Institute of Neuroscience of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Dahong Long
- Institute of Neuroscience of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Xiaosong He
- Institute of Neuroscience of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Xiaohong Lin
- Institute of Neuroscience of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Institute of Neuroscience of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Liping Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Aiguo Xuan
- Institute of Neuroscience of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China.
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14
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Li Q, Xuan A, Qi F, Yang J, Zou J, Yao Z. Synergistic effects of combined vaccination with BCG and influenza vaccines on spatial cognition and hippocampal plasticity in rats. Brain Res Bull 2019; 149:268-278. [PMID: 31051226 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Previous study has demonstrated the neurobeneficial role of BCG and influenza vaccines. Based on this, our study concentrated on the synergistic effects on development of central nervous system by combined vaccination with BCG and influenza vaccines in rats. Our results displayed that pups combinedly vaccinated with BCG and influenza vaccines showed a significant enhance in spatial cognition, induction of LTP, hippocampal neurogenesis and morphology of dendritic spines compared with pups vaccinated with BCG solely. Furthermore, combined vaccination with BCG and influenza vaccines showed higher expression of BDNF, IGF-1, IL-4, IFN-γ and lower IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 than BCG. Taken together, combined vaccination with BCG and influenza vaccines presented synergistic effects on spatial cognition and hippocampal plasticity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, PR China
| | - Aiguo Xuan
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, PR China
| | - Fangfang Qi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Junhua Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Juntao Zou
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Zhibin Yao
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.
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15
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Huang J, Li YQ, Wu CH, Zhang YL, Zhao ST, Chen YJ, Deng YH, Xuan A, Sun XD. The effect of ketogenic diet on behaviors and synaptic functions of naive mice. Brain Behav 2019; 9:e01246. [PMID: 30848079 PMCID: PMC6456772 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Beyond its application as an epilepsy therapy, the ketogenic diet (KD) has been considered a potential treatment for a variety of other neurological and metabolic disorders. However, whether KD promotes functional restoration by reducing the pathological processes underlying individual diseases or through some independent mechanisms is not clear. METHODS In this study, we evaluated the effect of KD on a series of behaviors and synaptic functions of young adult naive mice. Wild-type C57BL/6J mice at age of 2-3 months were fed with control diet or KD for three months. Body weight and caloric intake were monitored throughout the experiments. We assessed behavioral performance with seizure induction, motor coordination and activity, anxiety level, spatial learning and memory, sociability, and depression. Synaptic transmission and long-term potentiation were also recorded. RESULTS KD-fed mice performed equivalent to control-diet-fed mice in the behavioral tests and electrophysiological assays except exhibiting slower weight gain and increased seizure threshold. CONCLUSIONS Our results contribute to the better understanding of effects of the KD on physiological behaviors and synaptic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Huang
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Quan Li
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cui-Hong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun-Long Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shen-Ting Zhao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Jun Chen
- South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Hong Deng
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aiguo Xuan
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Gong Z, Huang J, Xu B, Ou Z, Zhang L, Lin X, Ye X, Kong X, Long D, Sun X, He X, Xu L, Li Q, Xuan A. Urolithin A attenuates memory impairment and neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 mice. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:62. [PMID: 30871577 PMCID: PMC6417212 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1450-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by an abnormal accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, neuroinflammation, and impaired neurogenesis. Urolithin A (UA), a gut-microbial metabolite of ellagic acid, has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory effects in the brain. However, it is unknown whether UA exerts its properties of anti-inflammation and neuronal protection in the APPswe/PS1ΔE9 (APP/PS1) mouse model of AD. Methods Morris water maze was used to detect the cognitive function. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay was performed to detect neuronal apoptosis. Immunohistochemistry analyzed the response of glia, Aβ deposition, and neurogenesis. The expression of inflammatory mediators were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The modulating effects of UA on cell signaling pathways were assayed by Western blotting. Results We demonstrated that UA ameliorated cognitive impairment, prevented neuronal apoptosis, and enhanced neurogenesis in APP/PS1 mice. Furthermore, UA attenuated Aβ deposition and peri-plaque microgliosis and astrocytosis in the cortex and hippocampus. We also found that UA affected critical cell signaling pathways, specifically by enhancing cerebral AMPK activation, decreasing the activation of P65NF-κB and P38MAPK, and suppressing Bace1 and APP degradation. Conclusions Our results indicated that UA imparted cognitive protection by protecting neurons from death and triggering neurogenesis via anti-inflammatory signaling in APP/PS1 mice, suggesting that UA might be a promising therapeutic drug to treat AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Gong
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Jingyi Huang
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Biao Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Zhenri Ou
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Xiaohong Lin
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Xiujuan Ye
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Xuejian Kong
- Department of Neurology of the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511518, China
| | - Dahong Long
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Xiangdong Sun
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Xiaosong He
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Liping Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Aiguo Xuan
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, 510260, China.
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He X, Liu Y, Lin X, Yuan F, Long D, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Xuan A, Yang GY. Netrin-1 attenuates brain injury after middle cerebral artery occlusion via downregulation of astrocyte activation in mice. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:268. [PMID: 30227858 PMCID: PMC6145326 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1291-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Netrin-1 functions largely via combined receptors and downstream effectors. Evidence has shown that astrocytes express netrin-1 receptors, including DCC and UNC5H2. However, whether netrin-1 influences the function of astrocytes was previously unknown. Methods Lipopolysaccharide was used to stimulate the primary cultured astrocytes; interleukin release was used to track astrocyte activation. In vivo, shRNA and netrin-1 protein were injected in the mouse brain. Infarct volume, astrocyte activation, and interleukin release were used to observe the function of netrin-1 in neuroinflammation and brain injury after middle cerebral artery occlusion. Results Our results demonstrated that netrin-1 reduced lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin-1β and interleukin-12β release in cultured astrocytes, and blockade of the UNC5H2 receptor with an antibody reversed this effect. Additionally, netrin-1 increased p-AKT and PPAR-γ expression in primary cultured astrocytes. In vivo studies showed that knockdown of netrin-1 increased astrocyte activation in the mouse brain after middle cerebral artery occlusion (p < 0.05). Moreover, injection of netrin-1 attenuated GFAP expression (netrin-1 0.27 ± 0.06 vs. BSA 0.62 ± 0.04, p < 0.001) and the release of interleukins and reduced infarct volume after brain ischemia (netrin-1 0.27 ± 0.06 vs. BSA 0.62 ± 0.04 mm3, p < 0.05). Conclusion Our results indicate that netrin-1 is an important molecule in regulating astrocyte activation and neuroinflammation in cerebral ischemia and provides a potential target for ischemic stroke therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12974-018-1291-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong He
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, the Second Affiliated Hospital Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanqun Liu
- Department of Neurology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, the Second Affiliated Hospital Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Falei Yuan
- Hailisheng Biomarine Research Institute, Zhoushan, China
| | - Dahong Long
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, the Second Affiliated Hospital Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Research Center, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongting Wang
- Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Research Center, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aiguo Xuan
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, the Second Affiliated Hospital Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of Anatomy, Guangzhou Medical college, Guangzhou, 511546, China.
| | - Guo-Yuan Yang
- Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Research Center, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. .,Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, 1954 Hua-shan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.
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18
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Ou Z, Kong X, Sun X, He X, Zhang L, Gong Z, Huang J, Xu B, Long D, Li J, Li Q, Xu L, Xuan A. Metformin treatment prevents amyloid plaque deposition and memory impairment in APP/PS1 mice. Brain Behav Immun 2018; 69:351-363. [PMID: 29253574 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer'sdisease(AD) is characterized by deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ)plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, andneuronal loss, accompaniedbyneuroinflammation. Neuroinflammatoryprocesses are thought to contribute toAD pathophysiology. Metformin has been reported to have anti-inflammatory efficacy. However, whether metformin is responsible for the anti-neuroinflammationand neuroprotection on APPswe/PS1ΔE9 (APP/PS1) mice remains unclear. Here we showed that metformin attenuated spatial memory deficit, neuron loss in the hippocampus and enhanced neurogenesis in APP/PS1 mice. In addition, metformin administration decreased amyloid-β (Aβ)plaque load and chronic inflammation (activated microglia and astrocytes as well as pro-inflammatory mediators) in the hippocampus and cortex. Further study demonstrated that treatment with metformin enhanced cerebral AMPK activation. Meanwhile, metformin notably suppressed the activation of P65 NF-κB, mTOR and S6K, reduced Bace1 protein expression. Our data suggest that metformin can exert functional recovery of memory deficits and neuroprotective effect on APP/PS1 mice via triggering neurogenesis and anti-inflammation mediated by regulating AMPK/mTOR/S6K/Bace1 and AMPK/P65 NF-κB signaling pathways in the hippocampus, which may contribute to improvement in neurological deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenri Ou
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Xuejian Kong
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Xiangdong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Xiaosong He
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Zhuo Gong
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Jingyi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Biao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Dahong Long
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Jianhua Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Liping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Aiguo Xuan
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.
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Zhang X, He X, Li Q, Kong X, Ou Z, Zhang L, Gong Z, Long D, Li J, Zhang M, Ji W, Zhang W, Xu L, Xuan A. PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Mediates Valproic Acid-Induced Neuronal Differentiation of Neural Stem Cells through Epigenetic Modifications. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 8:1256-1269. [PMID: 28494938 PMCID: PMC5425725 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although valproic acid (VPA), has been shown to induce neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs), the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we investigated if and how mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling is involved in the neuronal differentiation of VPA-induced NSCs. Our data demonstrated that mTOR activation not only promoted but also was necessary for the neuronal differentiation of NSCs induced by VPA. We further found that inhibition of mTOR signaling blocked demethylation of neuron-specific gene neurogenin 1 (Ngn1) regulatory element in induced cells. These are correlated with the significant alterations of passive DNA demethylation and the active DNA demethylation pathway in the Ngn1 promoter, but not the suppression of lysine-specific histone methylation and acetylation in the promoter region of Ngn1. These findings highlight a potentially important role for mTOR signaling, by working together with DNA demethylation, to influence the fate of NSCs via regulating the expression of Ngn1 in VPA-induced neuronal differentiation of NSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China; Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Xiaosong He
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China; Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China; Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Xuejian Kong
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China; Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Zhenri Ou
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China; Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China; Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Zhuo Gong
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China; Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Dahong Long
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China; Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Jianhua Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Augusta University, Augusta 30912, USA
| | - Weidong Ji
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Center for Translational Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Liping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China; Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Aiguo Xuan
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China; Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China.
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Xu L, Long J, Shi C, Zhang N, Lv Y, Feng J, Xuan A, He X, Li Q, Bai Y, Liu S, Long D. Effect of leukocyte inhibitory factor on neuron differentiation from human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural precursor cells. Int J Mol Med 2018; 41:2037-2049. [PMID: 29393372 PMCID: PMC5810244 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct derivation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into neural precursor cells and differentiation of these into neurons holds great promise in the cell therapy of neuro-degenerative diseases. However, the availability and survival rate of neurons requires improvement. In the present study, it was found that the addition of 5 ng/ml leukocyte inhibitory factor (LIF) during the process of differentiation significantly improved the expression of neuron-specific class III β-tubulin (TUJ1) and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), as detected by immunofluorescence and western blotting. In addition, LIF improved the cell viability, increased the expression of phosphorylated-protein kinase B (AKT), downregulated the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1α (IL-1α) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and upregulated the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). After adding the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling inhibitor LY294002 or wortmannin to the LIF differentiation group, LIF-induced changes in the protein expression of TUJ1 and MAP2 were reversed, but this effect could not be prevented by rapamycin, a mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling inhibitor. The expression of cytokines associated with inflammation and cell viability was reversed by LY294002 and wortmannin, but not by rapamycin. In conclusion, LIF could improve neuronal differentiation and survival through the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling and the anti-inflammatory effect. The anti-inflammatory effect may be mediated by the activation of PI3K/AKT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Jingyi Long
- Institute of Neuroscience and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Chun Shi
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Nianping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Ying Lv
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Junda Feng
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Aiguo Xuan
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Xiaosong He
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Yinshan Bai
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Dahong Long
- Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
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Zhu X, Huang L, Gong J, Shi C, Wang Z, Ye B, Xuan A, He X, Long D, Zhu X, Ma N, Leng S. NF- κB pathway link with ER stress-induced autophagy and apoptosis in cervical tumor cells. Cell Death Discov 2017; 3:17059. [PMID: 28904818 PMCID: PMC5592653 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2017.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is being investigated for its anticancer effect in various cancers, including cervical cancer. However, the molecular pathways whereby ER stress mediates cell death remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we confirmed that ER stress triggered by compounds such as brefeldin A (BFA), tunicamycin (TM), and thapsigargin (TG) leads to the induction of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in cervical cancer cell lines, which is characterized by elevated levels of inositol-requiring kinase 1α, glucose-regulated protein-78, and C/EBP homologous protein, and swelling of the ER observed by transmission electron microscope (TEM). We found that BFA significantly increased autophagy in tumor cells and induced TC-1 tumor cell death in a dose-dependent manner. BFA increased punctate staining of LC3 and the number of autophagosomes observed by TEM in TC-1 and HeLa cells. The autophagic flux was also assessed. Bafilomycin, which blocked degradation of LC3 in lysosomes, caused both LC3I and LC3II accumulation. BFA initiated apoptosis of TC-1 tumor cells through activation of the caspase-12/caspase-3 pathway. At the same time, BFA enhanced the phosphorylation of IκBα protein and translocation into the nucleus of NF-κB p65. Quinazolinediamine, an NF-κB inhibitor, attenuated both autophagy and apoptosis induced by BFA; meanwhile, it partly enhances survival of cervical cancer cells following BFA treatment. In conclusion, our results indicate that the cross-talk between ER stress, autophagy, apoptosis, and the NF-κB pathways controls the fate of cervical cancer cells. Careful evaluation should be given to the addition of an NF-κB pathway inhibitor to treat cervical cancer in combination with drugs that induce ER stress-mediated cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Zhu
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Gong
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Shi
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingkun Ye
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiguo Xuan
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaosong He
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Dahong Long
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Zhu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnosis, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang/Dongguan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningfang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuilong Leng
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, People's Republic of China
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Zhang N, Lyu Y, Pan X, Xu L, Xuan A, He X, Huang W, Long D. miR‑146b‑5p promotes the neural conversion of pluripotent stem cells by targeting Smad4. Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:814-824. [PMID: 28713933 PMCID: PMC5548013 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are regarded as potential sources that provide specific neural cells for cell therapy in some nervous system diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying the neural differentiation of PSCs remain largely unknown. MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are a class of small non-protein-coding RNAs that act as critical regulatory molecules in many cellular processes. In this study, we found that miR-146b-5p expression was markedly increased following the neural induction of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) or induced PSCs (iPSCs). In this study, to further identify the role of miR-146b-5p, we generated stable miR-146b-5p- overexpressing ESC and iPSC cell lines, and induced the differentiation of these cells by the adherent monolayer culture method. In the miR-146b-5p-overexpressing ESC- or iPSC- derived cultures, RT-qPCR analysis revealed that the mRNA expression levels of neuroectoderm markers, such as Sox1, Nestin and Pax6, were markedly increased, and flow cytometric analysis verified that the number of Nestin-positive cells was higher in the miR-146b-5p-overexpressing compared with the control cells. Mechanistically, the miR-146b-5p-overexpressing ESCs or iPSCs exhibited a significant reduction in Oct4 expression, which may be an explanation for these cells having a tendency to differentiate towards the neural lineage. Moreover, we confirmed that miR-146b-5p directly targeted Smad4 and negatively regulated the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling pathway, which contributed to the neural commitment of PSCs. Collectively, our findings uncover the essential role of miR-146b-5p in the neural conversion of PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianping Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Ying Lyu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Xuebing Pan
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Health Sciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Liping Xu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Aiguo Xuan
- Department of Human Anatomy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Xiaosong He
- Department of Human Anatomy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Wandan Huang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Dahong Long
- Department of Human Anatomy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
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Chen Y, Huang W, Chen F, Hu G, Li F, Li J, Xuan A. Pregnane X receptors regulate CYP2C8 and P-glycoprotein to impact on the resistance of NSCLC cells to Taxol. Cancer Med 2016; 5:3564-3571. [PMID: 27878971 PMCID: PMC5224856 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8) is one of the enzymes that primarily participate in producing metabolisms of medications and P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) has been regarded as one of the important molecules in chemotherapeutically induced multidrug resistance (MDR). In addition, the pregnane X receptor (PXR) is involved in regulating both CYP2C8 and P‐gp. We aim to research the effect of PXR on Taxol‐resistant non–small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC cells) via regulating CYP2C8 and P‐gp. NSCLC cells were treated with SR12813, LY335979, or PXR siRNA. Cell counting kit (CCK‐8) assay was used to detect cell vitality. Colony formation assay was used to observe cell proliferation. Western blotting, real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), and immunofluorescence staining were conducted to analyze the expressions of PXR, CYP2C8, and P‐gp. Taxol and its metabolic products were detected by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The expression of PXR in A549 cell line was higher than that in other cell lines. The accumulation of PXR was observed in the nucleus after cells were treated with SR12813. Besides, SR12813 induced higher expressions of CYP2C8 and P‐gp proteins. We also discovered that pretreatment with SR12813 reversed the inhibition of cell viability and proliferation after the Taxol treatment in comparison to the SR12813 untreated group. Furthermore, the hydroxylation products of Taxol analyzed by HPLC were increased in comparison to the SR12813 untreated group, indicating that high expressions of CYP2C8 and P‐gp enhanced the resistance of A549 cells to Taxol. For cells treated with PXR siRNA, cell viability, cell proliferation, and Taxol metabolites were significantly reduced after the Taxol treatment in comparison to the siRNA‐negative group. The cell viability, cell proliferation, and Taxol metabolites were regulated by the expressions of PXR, P‐gp, and CYP2C8. That is, PXR expression has an important effect on the resistance of NSCLC cells to Taxol via upregulating P‐gp and CYP2C8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Department of Respiratory, Liwan Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510170, China
| | - Wandan Huang
- Department of Anatomy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Feiyu Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Guoping Hu
- Department of Respiratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510170, China
| | - Fenglei Li
- Department of Respiratory, Liwan Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510170, China
| | - Jianhua Li
- Department of Physiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Aiguo Xuan
- Department of Anatomy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China.,Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurogenetics and Channelopathies, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510260, China
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Chen Y, Pan C, Xuan A, Xu L, Bao G, Liu F, Fang J, Long D. Treatment Efficacy of NGF Nanoparticles Combining Neural Stem Cell Transplantation on Alzheimer's Disease Model Rats. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:3608-15. [PMID: 26590375 PMCID: PMC4662090 DOI: 10.12659/msm.894567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia. It causes progressive brain disorder involving loss of normal memory and thinking skills. The transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) has been reported to improve learning and memory function of AD rats, and protects basal forebrain cholinergic neurons. Nerve growth factor - poly (ethylene glycol) - poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)-nanoparticles (NGF-PEG-PLGA-NPs) can facilitate the differentiation of NSCs in vitro. This study thus investigated the treatment efficacy of NGF-PEG-PLGA-NPs combining NSC transplantation in AD model rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS AD rats were prepared by injection of 192IgG-saporin into their lateral ventricles. Embryonic rat NSCs were separated, induced by NGF-PEG-PLGA-NPs in vitro, and were transplanted. The Morris water-maze test was used to evaluate learning and memory function, followed by immunohistochemical staining for basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, hippocampal synaptophysin, and acetylcholine esterase (AchE) fibers. RESULTS Rats in the combined treatment group had significantly improved spatial learning ability compared to AD model animals (p<0.05). The number of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, hippocampal synaptophysin, and AchE-positive fibers were all significantly larger than in the NSC-transplantation group, with no difference from control animals. CONCLUSIONS NGF-PEG-PLGA-NPs plus NSC transplantation can significantly improve learning and memory functions of AD rats, replenish basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, and help form hippocampal synapses and AchE-positive fibers. These findings may offer practical support for and insight into treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Cuihuan Pan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Aiguo Xuan
- Department of Anatomy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Liping Xu
- Department of Anatomy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Guoqing Bao
- Department of Anatomy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Feiei Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Jie Fang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Dahong Long
- Department of Anatomy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
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Liu F, Xuan A, Chen Y, Zhang J, Xu L, Yan Q, Long D. Combined effect of nerve growth factor and brain‑derived neurotrophic factor on neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells and the potential molecular mechanisms. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:1739-45. [PMID: 25051506 PMCID: PMC4148384 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are important pluripotent stem cells, which have potential applications in cell replacement therapy. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) have been demonstrated to exert a marked impact on the proliferation and differentiation of NSCs. The effects of NGF, BDNF, and BDNF combined with NGF on NSC neuronal differentiation and the possible mechanisms for these effects were investigated in this study. An adherent monolayer culture was employed to obtain highly homogeneous NSCs. The cells were divided into four groups: Control, NGF, BDNF and combination (BDNF + NGF) groups. Neuron differentiation was examined using immunocytochemistry and phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) levels were analyzed using western blotting. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to measure the mRNA expression levels of the HES1, HES5, MASH1, NGN1 and NeuroD transcription factors at different time intervals following neurotrophin-induced differentiation. NGF and BDNF were observed to induce NSC neuronal differentiation, and β-tubulin III-positive cells and p-ERK expression levels were highest in the NGF + BDNF combination group at all time points. The proportion of β-tubulin III-positive neurons in each group was associated with the expression levels of MASH1, NGN1 and NeuroD in the group. In conclusion, BDNF combined with NGF significantly improved NSC neuronal differentiation, which may provide support for the practical application of NSCs in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, P.R. China
| | - Aiguo Xuan
- Department of Human Anatomy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, P.R. China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, P.R. China
| | - Jundu Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, P.R. China
| | - Liping Xu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, P.R. China
| | - Qijiang Yan
- Kingmed Diagnostics College, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, P.R. China
| | - Dahong Long
- Department of Human Anatomy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, P.R. China
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Zhang W, Hu D, Ji W, Yang L, Yang J, Yuan J, Xuan A, Zou F, Zhuang Z. Histone modifications contribute to cellular replicative and hydrogen peroxide-induced premature senescence in human embryonic lung fibroblasts. Free Radic Res 2014; 48:550-9. [PMID: 24528089 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2014.893580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Histone modifications are major post-translational mechanisms responsible for regulation of gene transcription involved in cellular senescence. By using immunofluorescence and Western blot, we showed that the global acetylated levels of histone H3 and H4 were significantly reduced in both replicative and premature senescence of human embryonic lung fibroblasts. However the whole trimethylated level of histone H4 lysine 20 was higher in senescent cells. The alterations in the mRNA and protein levels of histone acetyltransferases (HATs), histone methyltransferase (HMT), and histone deacetylases (HDACs) indicate that differential expression exists between replicative and premature senescent cells. Meanwhile, the reduced activity of HDACs was accompanied by cellular senescence. By employing the quantitative chromatin immunoprecipitation assay in detecting specific histone modifications in senescence-related genes including p53 and p16, it was demonstrated that the mRNA expression of p53 was associated with increased H4 acetylation in replicative senescence and increased H4 acetylation and trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 4 (H3K4me3) in premature senescence. Both acetylation and trimethylation of H3 were involved in replicative senescence, while the acetylation of histone H3 and H4 was predominant in premature senescence, contributing to the mRNA expression of p16. In summary, the global hypoacetylation of histone H3 and H4 and the hypertrimethylation of histone H4 lysine 20 account for epigenetic characteristics in senescence, controlled by HATs, HMT, and HDACs differentially between replicative and premature senescence. Taken together, these findings suggest that the specific histone modifications are involved in regulating the expression of genes related to senescence of human embryonic lung fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , P. R. China
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Zhang W, Ji W, Yang L, Yao L, Wang G, Xuan A, Zhuang Z. The involvement of epigenetic silencing of Foxa2 in cellular replicative and premature senescence induced by hydrogen peroxide. Free Radic Res 2013; 47:325-32. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2013.773589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Ji W, Yang L, Yuan J, Yang L, Zhang M, Qi D, Duan X, Xuan A, Zhang W, Lu J, Zhuang Z, Zeng G. MicroRNA-152 targets DNA methyltransferase 1 in NiS-transformed cells via a feedback mechanism. Carcinogenesis 2012; 34:446-53. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgs343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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Xuan A, Long D, Li J, Ji W, Zhang M, Hong L, Liu J. Hydrogen sulfide attenuates spatial memory impairment and hippocampal neuroinflammation in β-amyloid rat model of Alzheimer's disease. J Neuroinflammation 2012; 9:202. [PMID: 22898621 PMCID: PMC3458984 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-9-202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 08/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endogenously produced hydrogen sulfide (H2S) may have multiple functions in brain. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated its anti-inflammatory effects. In the present study, we investigated the effect of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS, a H2S donor) on cognitive impairment and neuroinflammatory changes induced by injections of Amyloid-β1-40 (Aβ1-40), and explored possible mechanisms of action. Methods We injected Aβ1-40 into the hippocampus of rats to mimic rat model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Morris water maze was used to detect the cognitive function. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay was performed to detect neuronal apoptosis. Immunohistochemistry analyzed the response of glia. The expression of interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The expression of Aβ1-40, phospho-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), phospho-p65 Nuclear factor (NF)-κB, and phospho-c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK) was analyzed by western blot. Results We demonstrated that pretreatment with NaHS ameliorated learning and memory deficits in an Aβ1-40 rat model of AD. NaHS treatment suppressed Aβ1-40-induced apoptosis in the CA1 subfield of the hippocampus. Moreover, the over-expression in IL-1β and TNF-α as well as the extensive astrogliosis and microgliosis in the hippocampus induced by Aβ1-40 were significantly reduced following administration of NaHS. Concomitantly, treatment with NaHS alleviated the levels of p38 MAPK and p65 NF-κB phosphorylation but not JNK phosphorylation that occurred in the Aβ1-40-injected hippocampus. Conclusions These results indicate that NaHS could significantly ameliorate Aβ1-40-induced spatial learning and memory impairment, apoptosis, and neuroinflammation at least in part via the inhibition of p38 MAPK and p65 NF-κB activity, suggesting that administration of NaHS could provide a therapeutic approach for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiguo Xuan
- Department of Anatomy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Shine N, Xuan A, Weiner MW. 31P NMR studies of ATP concentrations and Pi-ATP exchange in the rat kidney in vivo: effects of inhibiting and stimulating renal metabolism. Magn Reson Med 1990; 14:445-60. [PMID: 2355828 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1910140304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Previous investigators found that cyanide (CN-) is a potent inhibitor of renal Na+ transport, while the uncoupling agent 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) and fructose (both which lower ATP levels) are weak transport inhibitors. To examine the disparate effects of these substances measurements of ATP were performed, using 31P NMR, while simultaneously monitoring renal Na+ transport. Infusion of CN-, DNP, and fructose lowered whole kidney ATP levels by about the same extent (30%) while only CN- inhibited Na+ transport. This may be due to the fact that CN- has a potent action on the thick ascending limb of Henle, while fructose and DNP may have a more proximal action. Alternatively, ATP turnover may be a more important determinant of transport than ATP concentrations. Saturation transfer experiments were performed to measure Pi-ATP flux. Unilateral nephrectomy, high protein feeding, and methylprednisolone were used to stimulate metabolism and transport. The rate of Pi-ATP flux was 20.1 mumol/min/g. However, because oxygen consumption was stimulated, the ATP/O ratio was 0.85, considerably less than the theoretical value of 3. Finally, atrial natriuretic factor, which increased Na+ transport, had no effect on Pi-ATP flux. The results raise the possibility that the saturation transfer technique does not detect all Pi-ATP flux, especially when renal metabolism is stimulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Shine
- Magnetic Resonance Unit, Veterans Administration Medical Center, University of California, San Francisco 94121
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