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Bromley E, Eisenman DP, Magana A, Williams M, Kim B, McCreary M, Chandra A, Wells KB. How Do Communities Use a Participatory Public Health Approach to Build Resilience? The Los Angeles County Community Disaster Resilience Project. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2017; 14:ijerph14101267. [PMID: 29065491 PMCID: PMC5664768 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14101267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Community resilience is a key concept in the National Health Security Strategy that emphasizes development of multi-sector partnerships and equity through community engagement. Here, we describe the advancement of CR principles through community participatory methods in the Los Angeles County Community Disaster Resilience (LACCDR) initiative. LACCDR, an initiative led by the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health with academic partners, randomized 16 community coalitions to implement either an Enhanced Standard Preparedness or Community Resilience approach over 24 months. Facilitated by a public health nurse or community educator, coalitions comprised government agencies, community-focused organizations and community members. We used thematic analysis of data from focus groups (n = 5) and interviews (n = 6 coalition members; n = 16 facilitators) to compare coalitions’ strategies for operationalizing community resilience levers of change (engagement, partnership, self-sufficiency, education). We find that strategies that included bidirectional learning helped coalitions understand and adopt resilience principles. Strategies that operationalized community resilience levers in mutually reinforcing ways (e.g., disseminating information while strengthening partnerships) also secured commitment to resilience principles. We review additional challenges and successes in achieving cross-sector collaboration and engaging at-risk groups in the resilience versus preparedness coalitions. The LACCDR example can inform strategies for uptake and implementation of community resilience and uptake of the resilience concept and methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Bromley
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- West Los Angeles VA Healthcare Center, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA.
- RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA 90401, USA.
| | - David P Eisenman
- Division of General Internal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Aizita Magana
- Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, 313 N Figueroa St, Los Angeles, CA 90012, USA.
| | | | - Biblia Kim
- School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
| | - Michael McCreary
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | | | - Kenneth B Wells
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- West Los Angeles VA Healthcare Center, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA.
- UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA 90401, USA.
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Eisenman D, Chandra A, Fogleman S, Magana A, Hendricks A, Wells K, Williams M, Tang J, Plough A. The Los Angeles County Community Disaster Resilience Project - a community-level, public health initiative to build community disaster resilience. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2014; 11:8475-90. [PMID: 25153472 PMCID: PMC4143872 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph110808475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Public health officials need evidence-based methods for improving community disaster resilience and strategies for measuring results. This methods paper describes how one public health department is addressing this problem. This paper provides a detailed description of the theoretical rationale, intervention design and novel evaluation of the Los Angeles County Community Disaster Resilience Project (LACCDR), a public health program for increasing community disaster resilience. The LACCDR Project utilizes a pretest–posttest method with control group design. Sixteen communities in Los Angeles County were selected and randomly assigned to the experimental community resilience group or the comparison group. Community coalitions in the experimental group receive training from a public health nurse trained in community resilience in a toolkit developed for the project. The toolkit is grounded in theory and uses multiple components to address education, community engagement, community and individual self-sufficiency, and partnerships among community organizations and governmental agencies. The comparison communities receive training in traditional disaster preparedness topics of disaster supplies and emergency communication plans. Outcome indicators include longitudinal changes in inter-organizational linkages among community organizations, community member responses in table-top exercises, and changes in household level community resilience behaviors and attitudes. The LACCDR Project is a significant opportunity and effort to operationalize and meaningfully measure factors and strategies to increase community resilience. This paper is intended to provide public health and academic researchers with new tools to conduct their community resilience programs and evaluation research. Results are not yet available and will be presented in future reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Eisenman
- Los Angeles County Department of Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response Program, 600 S. Commonwealth Avenue, Suite 700, Los Angeles, California 90005, USA.
| | - Anita Chandra
- RAND Corporation, 1200 South Hayes Street, Arlington, VA 22202, USA.
| | - Stella Fogleman
- Los Angeles County Department of Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response Program, 600 S. Commonwealth Avenue, Suite 700, Los Angeles, California 90005, USA.
| | - Aizita Magana
- Los Angeles County Department of Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response Program, 600 S. Commonwealth Avenue, Suite 700, Los Angeles, California 90005, USA.
| | - Astrid Hendricks
- Los Angeles County Department of Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response Program, 600 S. Commonwealth Avenue, Suite 700, Los Angeles, California 90005, USA.
| | - Ken Wells
- Center for Health Services and Society, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 10920 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 300, Los Angeles, California 90024, USA.
| | - Malcolm Williams
- RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA 90401, USA.
| | - Jennifer Tang
- Center for Health Services and Society, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 10920 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 300, Los Angeles, California 90024, USA.
| | - Alonzo Plough
- Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, Route 1 and College Road East, P.O. Box 2316, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA.
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Chiu PH, Magana A, Davis J. All-solid-state single-mode sum-frequency generation of sodium resonance radiation. Opt Lett 1994; 19:2116-2118. [PMID: 19855758 DOI: 10.1364/ol.19.002116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We have generated 65 mJ of single-mode sodium resonance radiation in 20-ns-duration pulses by the sum-frequency mixing of the output from two injection-seeded pulsed Nd:YAG lasers operating at 20 Hz. The observed spectral linewidth of the 589.158-nm radiation is measured to be less than 100 MHz, and the frequency stability is better than 100 MHz/h.
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