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Lev-Ari S, Starr AN, Vexler A, Kalich-Philosoph L, Yoo HS, Kwon KR, Yadgar M, Bondar E, Bar-Shai A, Volovitz I, Schwarz Y. Rh2-enriched Korean ginseng (Ginseng Rh2+) inhibits tumor growth and development of metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer. Food Funct 2021; 12:8068-8077. [PMID: 34286798 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00643f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE While there are multiple studies on the anti-tumoral effects of Panax ginseng as active ingredients (one or more ginsenosides derived from the extract) or as a whole plant extract, there is a lack of studies to assess the effects Panax ginseng's of active ingredients combined with the whole plant extract. Our aim was to study the effect of whole ginseng, enriched in the anti-tumoral Rh2 component and other ginsenosides (Ginseng Rh2+), on the metastatic capacity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS We evaluated the effects of Ginseng Rh2+ on survival, migration and motility, induction of apoptosis, and expression of its apoptosis-related proteins in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells in vitro and on primary tumor growth and metastatic capacity in a syngeneic mouse lung cancer model in vivo. The effects of Ginseng Rh2+ on NSCLC cells were studied in vitro using: a colorimetric tetrazolium salt (XTT) assay, annexin V-FITC/PI, western blotting, wound healing motility assay, Transwell migration and cell adhesion assays. In vivo, mice were inoculated with Lewis mouse lung carcinoma cells subcutaneously to evaluate local tumor growth, or intravenously to evaluate the effects of Ginseng Rh2+ on development of experimental metastases. Mice were treated by intraperitoneal administration of Ginseng Rh2+ (0.005-0.5 g kg-1) on days 6, 10, and 14 after tumor injection. RESULTS We found that Ginseng Rh2+ increased the apoptosis of NSCLC cells in vitro, demonstrating dose dependent down-regulation of the Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic gene and concurrent up-regulation of the Bax pro-apoptotic gene. Ginseng Rh2+ inhibited the tumor cells' capacity to attach to the ECM-related matrix and reduced cell migration. In vivo, Ginseng Rh2+ inhibited local tumor growth and reduced the development of experimental lung metastases. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that Ginseng Rh2+ may potentially be used as a therapeutic agent for treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahar Lev-Ari
- Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, affiliated to Tel-Aviv University, Israel.
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Hagoel L, Vexler A, Kalich-Philosoph L, Earon G, Ron I, Shtabsky A, Marmor S, Lev-Ari S. Combined Effect of Moringa oleifera and Ionizing Radiation on Survival and Metastatic Activity of Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Integr Cancer Ther 2019; 18:1534735419828829. [PMID: 30862207 PMCID: PMC6416749 DOI: 10.1177/1534735419828829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Radiotherapy is one of the main treatments for
malignancies. Radioresistance is a major obstacle in this treatment, calling for
new treatments to improve radiotherapy outcome. Herbal medicine has low toxicity
and could be a source for new radio-enhancing agents. Moringa
oleifera (moringa) is a well-known medicinal plant with
antiproliferative and antimetastatic properties. Possible mechanisms of moringa
anticancer activity may be related to the expression of PARP-1, Bcl-2, COX-2,
p65, p-IκB-a, and others. Purpose: The aims of the present study
were to investigate effect of moringa alone and combined with radiation on
survival and metastatic activity of pancreatic cancer cells and on tumor growth.
Methods and Results: The combination of moringa and radiation
significantly inhibited PANC-1 cell survival in a dose-dependent manner, as
tested by clonogenic and XTT assays. Moreover, standard transwell cell
migration/invasion assays demonstrated reduced metastatic activity of these
cells. Pyruvate mitigated the inhibitory effect of combined treatment on cell
survival. Flow cytometry of moringa-treated cells revealed induction of
apoptosis. Western blot analysis found that the combined treatment decreased
expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, and downregulated the key
component of DNA repair pathways PARP-1 and the NF-κB-related proteins IκB-α,
p65-subunit, and COX-2. Moringa significantly inhibited growth of subcutaneous
tumors generated by PANC-1 cells in nude mice. Immunohistochemical analysis
demonstrated moringa’s antiproliferative and antiangiogenic effects.
Conclusions: Moringa decreased pancreatic cancer cell survival
and metastatic activity and significantly inhibited tumor growth. The
combination of moringa plus radiation resulted in an additional inhibitory
effect that provided the rationale for further investigation of this combination
as a novel strategy to overcome pancreatic cancer cell radioresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lior Hagoel
- 1 Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Akiva Vexler
- 1 Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Gideon Earon
- 1 Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ilan Ron
- 1 Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Alex Shtabsky
- 1 Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Silvia Marmor
- 1 Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Conti S, Vexler A, Hagoel L, Kalich-Philosoph L, Corn BW, Honig N, Shtraus N, Meir Y, Ron I, Eliaz I, Lev-Ari S. Modified Citrus Pectin as a Potential Sensitizer for Radiotherapy in Prostate Cancer. Integr Cancer Ther 2018; 17:1225-1234. [PMID: 30043669 PMCID: PMC6247563 DOI: 10.1177/1534735418790382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Radiotherapy is one of the primary therapies for
localized prostatic carcinoma. Therefore, there is an emerging need to sensitize
prostatic cancer cells to chemotherapy/radiotherapy. Modified citrus pectin
(MCP) is an effective inhibitor of galectin-3 (Gal-3), which is correlated with
tumor progression, proliferation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis.
Purpose: This study was directed to evaluate the efficacy of
combining ionizing radiation (IR) with MCP on PCa cells. Study
Design: Effects of treatments on PCa cells survival were evaluated
using XTT assay, flow cytometry, and clonogenic survival assay. Expression of
selected proteins was estimated using western blotting. Cell motility,
migration, and invasion were determined. Contribution of reactive oxygen species
production to treatment effects on cell viability was tested.
Results: Radiotherapy combined with MCP reduced viability and
enhanced radiosensitivity associated with a decrease in Gal-3, cleavage of the
precursor of caspase-3, increased expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax,
and downregulation of DNA repair pathways, poly-ADP-ribose polymerase, and
proliferating cell nuclear antigen. MCP significantly reduced the invasive and
migratory potential of PCa cells. Combining sodium pyruvate with MCP and IR
mitigated the effect on cell viability. Conclusion: Our findings
demonstrated that MCP sensitized PCa cells to IR by downregulating
anti-apoptotic Gal-3, modulating DNA repair pathways, and increasing ROS
production. For the first time the correlation between MCP, radiotherapy, and
Gal-3 for prostatic cancer treatment was found. In addition, MCP reduced the
metastatic properties of PCa cells. These findings provide MCP as a
radiosensitizing agent to enhance IR cytotoxicity, overcome radioresistance, and
reduce clinical IR dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sefora Conti
- Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel
Aviv, Israel
| | - Akiva Vexler
- Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel
Aviv, Israel
| | - Lior Hagoel
- Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel
Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Benjamin W. Corn
- Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel
Aviv, Israel
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv,
Israel
| | - Nir Honig
- Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel
Aviv, Israel
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv,
Israel
| | - Natan Shtraus
- Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel
Aviv, Israel
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv,
Israel
| | - Yaron Meir
- Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel
Aviv, Israel
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv,
Israel
| | - Ilan Ron
- Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel
Aviv, Israel
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv,
Israel
| | - Isaac Eliaz
- Amitabha Medical Clinic and Healing
Center, Santa Rosa, CA, USA
| | - Shahar Lev-Ari
- Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel
Aviv, Israel
- Shahar Lev-Ari, Laboratory of Herbal
Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical
Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv 64239, Israel.
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Conti S, Vexler A, Edry-Botzer L, Kalich-Philosoph L, Corn BW, Shtraus N, Meir Y, Hagoel L, Shtabsky A, Marmor S, Earon G, Lev-Ari S. Combined acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid and radiation treatment inhibited glioblastoma tumor cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198627. [PMID: 29969452 PMCID: PMC6029770 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and most aggressive subtype of malignant gliomas. The current standard of care for newly diagnosed GBM patients involves maximal surgical debulking, followed by radiation therapy and temozolomide chemotherapy. Despite the advances in GBM therapy, its outcome remains poor with a median survival of less than two years. This poor outcome is partly due to the ability of GBM tumors to acquire adaptive resistance to therapy and in particular to radiation. One of the mechanisms contributing to GBM tumor progression and resistance is an aberrant activation of NF-ĸB, a family of inducible transcription factors that play a pivotal role in regulation of many immune, inflammatory and carcinogenic responses. Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) is a pentacyclic terpenoid extracted from the gum Ayurvedic therapeutic plant Boswellia serrata. AKBA is anti-inflammatory agent that exhibits potent cytotoxic activities against various types of tumors including GBM. One of the mechanisms underlying AKBA anti-tumor activity is its ability to modulate the NF-ĸB signaling pathway. The present study investigated in vitro and in vivo the effect of combining AKBA with ionizing radiation in the treatment of GBM and assessed AKBA anti-tumor activity and radio-enhancing potential. The effect of AKBA and/or radiation on the survival of cultured glioblastoma cancer cells was evaluated by XTT assay. The mode of interaction of treatments tested was calculated using CalcuSyn software. Inducing of apoptosis following AKBA treatment was evaluated using flow cytometry. The effect of combined treatment on the expression of PARP protein was analysed by Western blot assay. Ectopic (subcutaneous) GBM model in nude mice was used for the evaluation of the effect of combined treatment on tumor growth. Immunohistochemical analysis of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor sections was used to assess treatment-related changes in Ki-67, CD31, p53, Bcl-2 and NF-ĸB-inhibitor IĸB-α. AKBA treatment was found to inhibit the survival of all four tested cell lines in a dose dependent manner. The combined treatment resulted in a more significant inhibitory effect compared to the effect of treatment with radiation alone. A synergistic effect was detected in some of the tested cell lines. Flow cytometric analysis with Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining of AKBA treated cells indicated induction of apoptosis. AKBA apoptotic activity was also confirmed by PARP cleavage detected by Western blot analysis. The combined treatment suppressed tumor growth in vivo compared to no treatment and each treatment alone. Immunohistochemical analysis showed anti-angiogenic and anti-proliferative activity of AKBA in vivo. It also demonstrated a decrease in p53 nuclear staining and in Bcl-2 staining and an increase in IĸB-α staining following AKBA treatment both alone and in combination with radiotherapy. In this study, we demonstrated that AKBA exerts potent anti-proliferative and apoptotic activity, and significantly inhibits both the survival of glioblastoma cells in vitro and the growth of tumors generated by these cells. Combination of AKBA with radiotherapy was found to inhibit factors which involved in cell death regulation, tumor progression and radioresistence, therefore it may serve as a novel approach for GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sefora Conti
- Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Akiva Vexler
- Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Liat Edry-Botzer
- Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Lital Kalich-Philosoph
- Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Benjamin W. Corn
- Institute of Radiotherapy, Tel-Aviv Medical Center affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Natan Shtraus
- Institute of Radiotherapy, Tel-Aviv Medical Center affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Yaron Meir
- Institute of Radiotherapy, Tel-Aviv Medical Center affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Lior Hagoel
- Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Alexander Shtabsky
- Pathology Department, Tel-Aviv Medical Center affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Sylvia Marmor
- Pathology Department, Tel-Aviv Medical Center affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Gideon Earon
- Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Shahar Lev-Ari
- Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Eliaz IG, Conti S, Vexler A, Koren B, Honig N, Shtraus N, Meir Y, Lev-Ari S, Ron I. Abstract 5555: Combined effect of modified citrus pectin and ionizing radiation on survival and metastatic activity of prostate cancer cells. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-5555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Radio-resistance is a major cause of decreasing the efficiency of radiotherapy for prostate cancer. Modified citrus pectin (MCP) has been previously shown to demonstrate anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic activity in prostate cancer cells. However, its combination with radiation has not been evaluated. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether MCP radiosensitized prostate cancer cell lines and to unravel its underlying mechanism(s). XTT cell proliferation and clonogenic assays were used to assess MCP effect alone and in combination with radiation on viability of prostate cancer cell lines (DU-145, PC-3 and Cl-1). Calcusyn software analysis was used to determine the mode of interaction between the treatments tested. Flow cytometry analysis with propidium iodide staining, annexin-V-FITC and 7-aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD) double staining were used to evaluate effect on cell cycle, apoptosis and necrosis. Standard Transwell Assay with and without Matrigel was used to assess effect of MCP on invasiveness of cells. The effect of MCP and radiation on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and expression of galectin-3, PARP, caspase-3, caspase-9, Bak, Bax, and Bcl-2 and NF-κB pathways in treated cells are currently being investigated, and will be included in the presentation. Treatment of DU-145, PC-3 and Cl-1 prostate cancer cells with MCP induced a dose dependent decrease in cell viability tested by XTT assay (IC50 values were 1.07, 1.48, 1.29 mg/ml respectively). These cells demonstrated similar radio-sensitivity. The effect of the combined treatment were either synergistic (Combined index∼0.7, DU-145 and Cl-1 cells) at high dose (2 mg/ml) of MCP or additive (Combined index 1.1-0.9, PC-3 cells). Flow cytometric analysis showed that neither MCP nor radiation either alone or combined resulted in significant changes in cell cycle distribution. Double staining of DU-145 cells with annexin-V-FITC and 7-AAD revealed effect of combined treatment on apoptosis and necrosis. Treatment of cells with 2 mg/ml MCP reduced 20% of migrating cells and 40% of invasive cells. The effects of MCP and radiation on ROS production, pro-apoptotic and NF-κB pathways in treated cells are currently being investigated. These results suggest that MCP is a radiosensitizer in prostate cancer cells. Its mechanism of action is being investigated, and will be included in this presentation.
Citation Format: Isaac G. Eliaz, Sefora Conti, Akiva Vexler, Ben Koren, Nir Honig, Natan Shtraus, Yaron Meir, Shahar Lev-Ari, Ilan Ron. Combined effect of modified citrus pectin and ionizing radiation on survival and metastatic activity of prostate cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 5555. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-5555
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac G. Eliaz
- 1Amitabha Medical Clinic and Healing Center, Santa Rosa, CA
| | - Sefora Conti
- 2Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Akiva Vexler
- 2Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ben Koren
- 2Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Nir Honig
- 2Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Natan Shtraus
- 2Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Yaron Meir
- 2Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Shahar Lev-Ari
- 2Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ilan Ron
- 3Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Vexler A, Lidawi G, Loew V, Barnea I, Karaush V, Shtabsky A, Ben-Yosef R. Anti-ErbB4 targeting approaches for prostate cancer treatment. Cancer Biol Ther 2014; 7:1090-4. [DOI: 10.4161/cbt.7.7.6167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Lev-Ari S, Starr A, Katzburg S, Berkovich L, Rimmon A, Ben-Yosef R, Vexler A, Ron I, Earon G. Curcumin induces apoptosis and inhibits growth of orthotopic human non-small cell lung cancer xenografts. J Nutr Biochem 2014; 25:843-50. [PMID: 24835302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Curcumin is involved in various biological pathways leading to inhibition of NSCLC growth. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of curcumin on expression of nuclear factor κB-related proteins in vitro and in vivo and on growth and metastasis in an intralung tumor mouse model. H1975 NSCLC cells were treated with curcumin (0-50 μM) alone, or combined with gemcitabine or cisplatin. The effects of curcumin were evaluated in cell cultures and in vivo, using ectopic and orthotopic lung tumor mouse models. Twenty mice were randomly selected into two equal groups, one that received AIN-076 control diet and one that received the same food but with the addition of 0.6% curcumin 14 days prior to cell implantation and until the end of the experiment. To generate orthotopic tumor, lung cancer cells in Matrigel were injected percutaneously into the left lung of CD-1 nude mice. Western blot analysis showed that the expressions of IkB, nuclear p65, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and p-ERK1/2 were down-regulated by curcumin in vitro. Curcumin potentiated the gemcitabine- or cisplatin-mediated antitumor effects. Curcumin reduced COX-2 expression in subcutaneous tumors in vivo and caused a 36% decrease in weight of intralung tumors (P=.048) accompanied by a significant survival rate increase (hazard ratio=2.728, P=.036). Curcumin inhibition of COX-2, p65 expression and ERK1/2 activity in NSCLC cells was associated with decreased survival and increased induction of apoptosis. Curcumin significantly reduced tumor growth of orthotopic human NSCLC xenografts and increased survival of treated athymic mice. To evaluate the role of curcumin in chemoprevention and treatment of NSCLC, further clinical trials are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahar Lev-Ari
- Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
| | - Alex Starr
- Department of Pulmonology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel, affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Sara Katzburg
- Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Liron Berkovich
- Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Adam Rimmon
- Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Rami Ben-Yosef
- Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Akiva Vexler
- Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ilan Ron
- Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Gideon Earon
- Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Berkovich L, Earon G, Ron I, Rimmon A, Vexler A, Lev-Ari S. Moringa Oleifera aqueous leaf extract down-regulates nuclear factor-kappaB and increases cytotoxic effect of chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer cells. BMC Complement Altern Med 2013; 13:212. [PMID: 23957955 PMCID: PMC3765468 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fewer than 6% patients with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas live up to five years after diagnosis. Chemotherapy is currently the standard treatment, however, these tumors often develop drug resistance over time. Agents for increasing the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy or reducing the cancer cells' chemo-resistance to the drugs are required to improve treatment outcome. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), a pro-inflammatory transcription factor, reportedly plays a significant role in the resistance of pancreatic cancer cells to apoptosis-based chemotherapy. This study investigated the effect of aqueous Moringa Oleifera leaf extract on cultured human pancreatic cancer cells - Panc-1, p34, and COLO 357, and whether it can potentiates the effect of cisplatin chemotherapy on these cells. METHODS The effect of Moringa Oleifera leaf extract alone and in combination with cisplatin on the survival of cultured human pancreatic cancer cells was evaluated by XTT-based colorimetric assay. The distribution of Panc-1 cells in the cell cycle following treatment with Moringa leaf extract was evaluated by flow cytometry, and evaluations of protein levels were via immunoblotting. Data of cell survival following combined treatments were analyzed with Calcusyn software. RESULTS Moringa Oleifera leaf extract inhibited the growth of all pancreatic cell lines tested. This effect was significant in all cells following exposure to ≥0.75 mg/ml of the extract. Exposure of Panc-1 cells to Moringa leaf extract induced an elevation in the sub-G1 cell population of the cell-cycle, and reduced the expression of p65, p-IkBα and IkBα proteins in crude cell extracts. Lastly, Moringa Oleifera leaf extract synergistically enhanced the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin on Panc-1 cells. CONCLUSION Moringa Oleifera leaf extract inhibits the growth of pancreatic cancer cells, the cells NF-κB signaling pathway, and increases the efficacy of chemotherapy in human pancreatic cancer cells.
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Barnea I, Ben-Yosef R, Karaush V, Benhar I, Vexler A. Targeting EGFR-positive cancer cells with cetuximab-ZZ-PE38: Results of in vitro and in vivo studies. Head Neck 2012; 35:1171-7. [DOI: 10.1002/hed.23093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Barnea I, Haif S, Keshet R, Karaush V, Lev-Ari S, Khafif A, Shtabsky A, Yarden Y, Vexler A, Ben Yosef R. Targeting ErbB-1 and ErbB-4 in irradiated head and neck cancer: results of in vitro and in vivo studies. Head Neck 2012; 35:399-407. [PMID: 22367849 DOI: 10.1002/hed.22967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ErbB oncogenes have a major role in cancer. The role of ErbB-4 in cancer cell biology and the effect of anti-ErbB-1 and anti-ErbB-4 monoclonal antibodies were evaluated in this study. METHODS ErbB-4 expression and binding was evaluated by Western blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), fluorescent microscopy, and flow cytometry. Cell survival was measured by XTT assay. Tumor progression was followed up in nude mice model. RESULTS High ErbB-1 levels in head and neck cancer cell lines were determined, whereas ErbB-4 expression varied. Specific antibody binding to the cells was demonstrated. High ErbB-4 expressing squamous cell carcinoma 1 (SCC-1) cells proliferated faster and generated faster growing tumors in mice. Cetuximab and mAb-3 reduced cell survival proportional to ErbB-1 and ErbB-4 expression. Combination of antibodies with irradiation was most effective in reducing cell survival and tumor growth. CONCLUSION ErbB-4 plays a role in head and neck cancer cell biology. Anti-ErbB-4 targeted therapy can serve as a new strategy against head and neck cancer when combined with established treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itay Barnea
- Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Oncology Division, Radiotherapy Unit, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Maimon Y, Karaush V, Yaal-Hahoshen N, Ben-Yosef R, Ron I, Vexler A, Lev-Ari S. Effect of Chinese herbal therapy on breast cancer adenocarcinoma cell lines. J Int Med Res 2011; 38:2033-9. [PMID: 21227007 DOI: 10.1177/147323001003800617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the widespread use of medicinal herbs to prevent and treat many diseases, including cancer, there are insufficient scientific data on the safety and efficacy of the majority of herbal therapies. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a unique Chinese herbal therapy (CHT) from controlled manufactured concentrated powders, on an in vitro model of breast cancer. Three breast adenocarcinoma cell lines (MDA-231, MDA-453, T47D) were exposed to CHT for 72 h. Cell viability was assessed by XTT (sodium 3'-[1-(phenylaminocarbonyl)-3, 4-tetra zolium]-bis(4-methoxy-6-nitro) benzene sulphonic acid hydrate) assay. Apoptosis and cell cycle stage were determined by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis. CHT decreased cell survival in a dose-dependent manner in all tested cell lines. FACS analysis of treated and non-treated T47D cells demonstrated that the inhibitory effect of CHT was associated with an increase in apoptosis. A randomized clinical trial is currently underway to investigate CHT as supplementary therapy for breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Maimon
- Unit of Integrative Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Asna N, Peles S, Slutzky L, Vexler A, Ben-Yosef R. Cetuximab and Carboplatin in Combination with Radiation Therapy in Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.07.979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Khafif A, Lev-Ari S, Vexler A, Barnea I, Starr A, Karaush V, Haif S, Ben-Yosef R. Curcumin: a potential radio-enhancer in head and neck cancer. Laryngoscope 2009; 119:2019-26. [PMID: 19655336 DOI: 10.1002/lary.20582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To investigate whether curcumin enhances the cytotoxic effect of radiotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). METHODS HNSCC cell lines SCC-1, SCC-9, KB, as well as A431 cell line were treated with curcumin, irradiation, or their combination. Cell viability was evaluated by XTT assay. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR), and p-Erk1/2 were measured by Western blot analysis. CD-1 athymic nude mice with orthotopic implanted SCC-1 cells, were treated with control diet, curcumin containing diet, local single-dose radiation, or combination. RESULTS Curcumin (IC50 range, 15-22 microM) and radiation inhibited cell viability in all cell lines were tested. The combination of curcumin and radiation resulted in additive effect. Curcumin decreased COX-2 expression and inhibited phosphorylation of EGFR in SCC-1 cells. In tumor-bearing mice the combination regimen showed a decrease in both tumor weight (25%, P = .09) and tumor size (15%, P = .23) compared to the nontreated mice. CONCLUSIONS : Curcumin inhibited HNSCC cell growth and augmented the effect of radiation in vitro and in vivo. A possible mechanism is inhibition of COX-2 expression and EGFR phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avi Khafif
- Department of Otolaryngology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Tel Aviv University School of Medicine, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv, Israel
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15
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Maimon N, Keizman D, Stephansky I, Levita M, Vexler A, Inbar MJ, Ben Yoseph R. Strontium-89 combined with gemcitabine in hormonal-resistant prostate cancer: Results of a phase I-II study. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.16133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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16
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Ben-Yosef R, Sarid D, Vexler A, Lidawi G, Barnea I, Marmor S, Stavesky A, Starr A, Hachoshen NY. ErbB1–ErbB4 nuclear and cytoplasmic overexpression, ethnicity and predicted outcome in prostate cancer. Target Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s11523-007-0069-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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17
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Lev-Ari S, Vexler A, Starr A, Ashkenazy-Voghera M, Greif J, Aderka D, Ben-Yosef R. Curcumin augments gemcitabine cytotoxic effect on pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines. Cancer Invest 2007; 25:411-8. [PMID: 17882652 DOI: 10.1080/07357900701359577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Gemcitabine, the first-line agent in pancreatic adenocarcinoma, has shown limited clinical benefit. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) represent one of the most promising targets for cancer prevention and treatment. In this study, we investigated whether the phytochemical curcumin, a natural COX-2 inhibitor, can potentiate gemcitabine effect on survival of human pancreatic cancer cells. METHODS P34 (high COX-2 expression) and Panc-1 (low COX-2 expression) pancreatic cancer cell lines were exposed to different concentrations of gemcitabine (0.1-10 microM), curcumin (0-50 microM), and their combination. Cell viability was evaluated by XTT assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were assessed by flow cytometry. COX-2, EGFR, and p-ERK1/2 expression was measured by Western blot analysis. RESULTS Curcumin increased the inhibitory effect of gemcitabine on cell viability as well as its pro-apoptotic effect in COX-2 positive, p34 cells, but not in COX-2 negative, Panc-1 cells. In p34 cells, combination of curcumin and gemcitabine downregulated both COX-2 and p-ERK1/2 in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION The increased cytotoxic effect of the combination on cell survival and on the induction of apoptosis in COX-2 expressing pancreatic cancer cells is probably associated with downregulation of COX-2 and p-ERK1/2 levels. This finding may contribute to the development of an effective treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahar Lev-Ari
- Department of Oncology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Ben-Yosef R, Sarid D, Vexler A, Lidawi G, Inbar M, Marmor S, Starr A, Hahoshen NY. Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Expression of ErbB-4 in Prostate Cancer. Int J Biol Markers 2007; 22:181-5. [DOI: 10.1177/172460080702200303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PurposeTo evaluate cytoplasmic and nuclear ErbB-4 expression in prostate cancer specimens and its association with outcome.Basic proceduresSpecimens of 50 prostate cancer patients were investigated for ErbB-4 overexpression using immunohistochemistry staining. Cytoplasmic and nuclear staining was graded as 0–3 according to its intensity. The prognostic parameters were tumor stage, PSA level, Gleason score, probability of positive lymph nodes (Partin's tables and Roach equation), and 5-year disease free survival (Kattan nomogram).Main findingsOverexpression of ErbB-4 (≥1) was detected in 30 (60%) patients and overexpression using cytoplasmic and nuclear staining was ≥2 in 19 (38%) and 17 (34%) patients, respectively. In only one third of the specimens was there any similarity between the 2 types of staining. Advanced tumor stage, high pretreatment PSA levels and high Gleason scores were evenly distributed among the patients with low (≤1) and intermediate/high (≥2) ErbB-4 expression. The probability of lymph node involvement and 5-year disease free survival were similar in both types of staining.Principal conclusionsErbB-4 was overexpressed (cytoplasmic and nuclear staining) in approximately one third of prostate cancer patients. The rate of similarity between the 2 staining types was only 33%: overexpression was evenly distributed among intermediate/high and low risk prostate cancer patients with both staining methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Ben-Yosef
- Division of Oncology, Tel-aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-aviv University, Tel-aviv - Israel
- The first two Authors contribute equally to this study
| | - D. Sarid
- Division of Oncology, Tel-aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-aviv University, Tel-aviv - Israel
- The first two Authors contribute equally to this study
| | - A. Vexler
- Division of Oncology, Tel-aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-aviv University, Tel-aviv - Israel
| | - G. Lidawi
- Division of Urology, Tel-aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-aviv University, Tel-aviv - Israel
| | - M. Inbar
- Division of Oncology, Tel-aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-aviv University, Tel-aviv - Israel
| | - S. Marmor
- Division of Pathology, Tel-aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-aviv University, Tel-aviv - Israel
| | - A. Starr
- Division of Pulmonology, Tel-aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-aviv University, Tel-aviv - Israel
| | - N. Yaal Hahoshen
- Division of Oncology, Tel-aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-aviv University, Tel-aviv - Israel
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Matceyevsky D, Hahoshen NY, Vexler A, Noam A, Khafif A, Ben-Yosef R. Assessing the effectiveness of Dead Sea products as prophylactic agents for acute radiochemotherapy-induced skin and mucosal toxicity in patients with head and neck cancers: a phase 2 study. Isr Med Assoc J 2007; 9:439-42. [PMID: 17642390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucositis and dermatitis are frequently encountered in patients treated with radiochemotherapy. Dead Sea products that contain minerals and other properties have proven effective in treating various skin diseases. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effectiveness of Dead Sea products in reducing acute radiochemotherapy-induced side effects in patients with head and neck cancer. METHODS In this phase 2 study we compared the outcomes in 24 treated patients and 30 conventionally treated patients matched for age, tumor site, and type of treatment. The Dead Sea products comprised a mouthwash solution (Lenom) and a skin cream (Solaris) used three times daily for 1 week before, during, and up to 2 weeks after completion of radiotherapy. Mucositis and dermatitis were evaluated using common toxicity criteria. RESULTS Thirteen treated patients (54%) had grade 1-2 and none had 3-4 mucositis, while 17 controls (57%) had grade 1-2 and 4 (13%) had grade 3-4 mucositis. Thirteen treated patients (54%) had grade 1-2 dermatitis; there was no instance of grade 3-4 dermatitis, while 11 patients in the control group (37%) had grade 1-2 and 5 (17%) had grade 3-4 dermatitis. More patients in the control arm needed a break than did patients in the treatment the control arm needed a break than did patients in the treatment arm (P = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS The two Dead Sea products tested decreased skin and mucosal toxicity in head and neck cancer patients receiving radiochemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Matceyevsky
- Division of Oncology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
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20
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Ben-Yosef R, Starr A, Karaush V, Loew V, Lev-Ari S, Barnea I, Lidawi G, Shtabsky A, Greif Y, Yarden Y, Vexler A. ErbB-4 may control behavior of prostate cancer cells and serve as a target for molecular therapy. Prostate 2007; 67:871-80. [PMID: 17440944 DOI: 10.1002/pros.20555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess ErbB-4 expression in advanced human prostate cancer (PC) cell lines, the role of ErbB-4 in motility, migration, and proliferative/tumorigenic potential of PC cells, and efficacy of anti-ErbB-4 monoclonal antibody (Mab) treatment on PC cells in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS Established advanced human PC cell lines (PC-3, Cl-1, and Du-145) were evaluated for ErbB-4 expression. Several Cl-1 cell line clones expressing various levels of ErbB-4 were isolated, their motility, migration capacity, and in vitro proliferation as well as survival following Mab treatment were evaluated. Tumorigenicity and proliferation capacity of these clones in vivo and efficacy of Mab treatment on tumor growth were estimated by measurements of subcutaneous tumors developed in nude mice. RESULTS PC cell lines studied express ErbB-4. Both PC-3 and Du-145 cell lines express high ErbB-4 levels; only 50% of Cl-1 cells express ErbB-4 with large heterogeneity. Cl-1 sub-clones highly expressing ErbB-4 showed increased cell motility, migration, and proliferation rate in vitro and enhanced growth in vivo, compared to clones with low ErbB-4 expression. Mab treatment inhibited the growth of cells expressing high but not low ErbB-4 levels in vitro and decreased the growth of subcutaneous tumors in nude mice generated by ErbB-4 highly expressing cells. CONCLUSIONS High expression of ErbB-4 in prostate cancer Cl-1 cell clones correlated with high proliferative and migration capacity and high tumorigenic potential. The inhibitory effect of Mab on cell proliferation and on subcutaneous tumor growth suggests ErbB-4's potential as a target for molecular anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami Ben-Yosef
- Department of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Shtiegman K, Kochupurakkal BS, Zwang Y, Pines G, Starr A, Vexler A, Citri A, Katz M, Lavi S, Ben-Basat Y, Benjamin S, Corso S, Gan J, Yosef RB, Giordano S, Yarden Y. Defective ubiquitinylation of EGFR mutants of lung cancer confers prolonged signaling. Oncogene 2007; 26:6968-78. [PMID: 17486068 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Several distinct mutations within the kinase domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are associated with non-small cell lung cancer, but mechanisms underlying their oncogenic potential are incompletely understood. Although normally ligand-induced kinase activation targets EGFR to Cbl-mediated receptor ubiquitinylation and subsequent degradation in lysosomes, we report that certain EGFR mutants escape this regulation. Defective endocytosis characterizes a deletion mutant of EGFR, as well as a point mutant (L858R-EGFR), whose association with c-Cbl and ubiquitinylation are impaired. Our data raise the possibility that refractoriness of L858R-EGFR to downregulation is due to enhanced heterodimerization with the oncogene product HER2, which leads to persistent stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Shtiegman
- Department of Biological Regulation, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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22
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Paz-Elizur T, Ben-Yosef R, Elinger D, Vexler A, Krupsky M, Berrebi A, Shani A, Schechtman E, Freedman L, Livneh Z. Reduced repair of the oxidative 8-oxoguanine DNA damage and risk of head and neck cancer. Cancer Res 2007; 66:11683-9. [PMID: 17178863 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-06-2294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An increasing number of studies indicate that reduced DNA-repair capacity is associated with increased cancer risk. Using a functional assay for the removal of the oxidative DNA lesion 8-oxoguanine by the DNA-repair enzyme 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1), we have previously shown that reduced OGG activity is a risk factor in lung cancer. Here, we report that OGG activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 37 cases with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) was significantly lower than in 93 control subjects, frequency matched for age and gender. Retesting of OGG activity 3 to 4 years after diagnosis and successful treatment of 18 individuals who recovered from the disease showed that OGG activity values were similar to those determined at diagnosis, suggesting that reduced OGG activity in case patients was not caused by the disease. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the adjusted odds ratio (OR) associated with a unit decrease in OGG activity was statistically significantly increased [OR, 2.3; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.5-3.4]. Individuals in the lowest tertile of OGG activity exhibited an increased risk of SCCHN with an OR of 7.0 (95% CI, 2.0-24.5). The combination of smoking and low OGG was associated with a highly increased estimated relative risk for SCCHN. These results suggest that low OGG is associated with the risk of SCCHN, and if confirmed by additional epidemiologic studies, screening of smokers for low OGG activity might be used as a strategy for the prevention of lung cancer and SCCHN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Paz-Elizur
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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Lev-Ari S, Starr A, Vexler A, Karaush V, Loew V, Greif J, Fenig E, Aderka D, Ben-Yosef R. Inhibition of pancreatic and lung adenocarcinoma cell survival by curcumin is associated with increased apoptosis, down-regulation of COX-2 and EGFR and inhibition of Erk1/2 activity. Anticancer Res 2006; 26:4423-30. [PMID: 17201164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies suggested that curcumin inhibits growth of malignant cells via inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity. Other studies indicated that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is also inhibited by curcumin in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, recent investigations revealed an intracellular cross-talk between EGFR signaling and the COX-2 pathway. Our aim was to evaluate whether the curcumin inhibitory effect on the survival of cancer cells is associated with simultaneous down-regulation of COX-2 and EGFR and inhibition of Erk1/2 (extra-cellular signal regulated kinase) signaling pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS Lung and pancreas adenocarcinoma cell lines co-expressing COX-2 and EGFR (PC-14 and p34, respectively) and those expressing EGFR but deficient in COX-2 (H1299 and Panc-1, respectively) were exposed for 72 h to curcumin (0-50 microM). Cell viability was assessed by the XTT assay. Apoptosis was determined by FACS analysis. COX-2, EGFR, ErbB-2 and p-Erk1/2 expressions were measured by Western blot analysis. RESULTS Curcumin's inhibitory effect on survival and apoptosis of lung and pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines was significantly higher in the COX-2-expressing cells than in the COX-2-deficient cells. In the p34 and PC-14 cells, curcumin decreased COX-2, EGFR and p-Erk1/2 expressions in a dose-dependent manner. However, in the Panc-1 and H1299 cell lines, which did not express COX-2, curcumin did not affect EGFR levels. CONCLUSION Curcumin co-inhibited COX-2 and EGFR expression and decreased Erk1/2 activity. This inhibition was associated with decreased survival and enhanced induction of apoptosis in lung and pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahar Lev-Ari
- Department of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Israel
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Mothers of multiples are alleged to be more fecund than mothers of singletons. Some authors have suggested monitoring twinning rates for assessing temporal changes in a population's reproductive health. METHODS Using a nested case-control design, we estimated the odds of a multiple birth in relation to fecundity in the US Collaborative Perinatal Project inclusive of 8546 pregnant women who reported a known time-to-pregnancy (TTP) upon enrolment in the cohort, 1959-1966. Case mothers comprised 81 women giving birth to twins/triplets; control mothers comprised 243 women giving birth to singletons matched to case mothers on maternal age at a ratio of 3:1. The odds ratio (OR) for a multiple birth within 6 months of trying adjusting for maternal age and prior pregnancies was estimated using logistic regression. Discrete time Cox regression analysis was also utilized to estimate the fecundability OR. RESULTS Women with a TTP of <or=6 months were more likely to have a multiple birth than women reporting a TTP of >6 months [OR=1.95; 95% confidence interval (95% CI)=1.09-3.51]. Excluding pregnancies after 13+ months resulted in a loss of precision (OR=2.14; 95% CI=0.90-5.04). CONCLUSIONS These data support higher fecundity among mothers of multiples than mothers of singletons.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Ferrari
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Ben-Yosef R, Marmor S, Starr A, Matceyevsky D, Khafif A, Vexler A. ErbB4 expression in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Target Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s11523-006-0029-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Vexler
- a Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Jerusalem , Israel
| | - G. Gurevich
- a Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Jerusalem , Israel
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Starr A, Greif J, Vexler A, Ashkenazy-Voghera M, Gladesh V, Rubin C, Kerber G, Marmor S, Lev-Ari S, Inbar M, Yarden Y, Ben-Yosef R. ErbB4 increases the proliferation potential of human lung cancer cells and its blockage can be used as a target for anti-cancer therapy. Int J Cancer 2006; 119:269-74. [PMID: 16463386 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.21818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Clinical and experimental data suggest that ErbB-4, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor family, may have a role in cancer progression and response to treatment. We found recently, using a retrospective clinical analysis, that expression of ErbB-4 receptor is correlated with metastatic potential and patient survival in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The purpose of this work was to correlate the expression of the ErbB-4 and lung cancer cells growth in vitro and in vivo and to determine the therapeutic potential of a monoclonal antibody to ErbB-4 against lung cancer. For this aim, we ectopically expressed ErbB-4 in a human NSCLC cell line that did not express the ErbB-4 protein. Overexpression of ErbB-4 produced a constitutively activated ErbB-4 receptor. The transfected ErbB-4 positive clones showed an increased cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo in comparison with parental ErbB-4 negative cells and with the cells transfected by neomycin-resistant gene. A monoclonal antibody to ErbB-4 showed both an inhibitory effect on growth rate and an increasing apoptotic rate in the cells expressing ErbB-4. The results of the current study provide evidence that ErbB-4 plays a significant role in human lung cancer and may serve as a molecular target for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Starr
- Lung and Allergy Institute, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Tel-Aviv University School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
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Ben-Yosef R, Barnea I, Sarid D, Vexler A, Marmor S, Starr A, Greif Y, Inbar M, Barak N. ErbB1–4 expression in prostate cancer patients and its correlation to patients’ ethnicity and outcome. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.14615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
14615 Background: ErbB family is involved in both cancer progression and treatment response in solid tumors. Few inconclusive studies reported on ErbB over-expression in prostate cancer. We investigated ErbB1–4 expression in prostate cancer patients and its correlation to patients ethnicity and outcome. Methods: ErbB expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry of prostate cancer specimen using polyclonal antibody (Santa Cruz, CA). The staining was recorded as negative (0/+1), moderately positive (+2) and highly positive (+3). Kattan nomogram was used to predict 5-yr progression-free probability, assuming that all patients received external beam radiation therapy (a total dose of 78 Gy) and hormonal manipulation. Origin was counted in all 43 patients: Ashkenazic patients were defined as those who immigrated from East/West Europe or North America and Sephardic patients - from Middle East and North Africa. Results: ErbB1 (+2/+3) was over-expressed in 12 and 7 patients for a total of 19/43 (44%). ErbB2 over-expression (+2/+3) was not found in all patients. ErbB3 over-expression of +2 was seen in 2 patients and none had +3 (2/43, 5%). ErbB4 over-expression (+2/+3) was seen in 5 and 11 patients for a total of 16/43 (37%). 22 patients were Ashkenazic and 21 - Sephardic. ErbB1 over-expression in Ashkenazic and Sephardic groups was 9/22 (41%) and 10/21 (48%). ErbB4 over-expression in the two groups was 7/22 (32%) and 9/21 (43%). Kattan score of <80 was seen in 20/43 and <60 in 7/43 patients. ErbB1 over-expression was noted in 11/20 and in 4/7 patients. ErbB4 over-expression was seen in 7/20 and in 4/7 patients. In both ErbB1 and ErbB4 over-expression and Kattan nomogram of <80 and <60 the Sephardic ethnicity dominated-7/11 (64%), 3/4 (75%), 5/7 (71%) and 3/4 (75%). Conclusions: ErbB1 and ErbB4 over-expression is presented in 43% and 37% patients while ErbB3 was over-expressed in 5%; no over-expression of ErbB2 was observed. Ashkenazic and Sephardic ethnicity were evenly distributed in the over-expressed ErbB1 and ErbB4 patients. However, a tendency to a worse prognosis, based on Kattan nomogram, was seen in over-expressed ErbB1 and ErbB4 patients from Sephardic ethnicity. Further studies on ethnicity and ErbB prevalence and prognosis are warranted. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Ben-Yosef
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - I. Barnea
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - D. Sarid
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - A. Vexler
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - S. Marmor
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - A. Starr
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Y. Greif
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - M. Inbar
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - N. Barak
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Perkins N, Schisterman E, Vexler A. Roc Curve Inference from a Sample with a Limit of Detection. Am J Epidemiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1093/aje/163.suppl_11.s74-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Schisterman EF, Vexler A, Liu A. To Pool or not to Pool, from Whether to When: Applications of Pooling to Biospecimen with Incomplete Measurements. Am J Epidemiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1093/aje/163.suppl_11.s225-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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32
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Starr AN, Vexler A, Marmor S, Konik D, Ashkenasi-Voghera M, Lev-Ari S, Greif Y, Ben-Yosef R. Establishment and Characterization of a Pancreatic Carcinoma Cell Line Derived from Malignant Pleural Effusion. Oncology 2005; 69:239-45. [PMID: 16141719 DOI: 10.1159/000088071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2004] [Accepted: 01/10/2005] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS A novel cell line, designated p34, was developed from the malignant pleural effusion of a patient with carcinoma of pancreas. The objective of this work was to characterize this cell line. METHOD The in vitro studies included karyotype analysis, immunohistochemistry, XTT cell proliferation assay, analysis of the cell cycle by FACS and cell sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs and irradiation. Subcutaneous and intra-spleen inoculations into nude mice were carried out to study the tumorigenicity and the metastatic tendency of this cell line. RESULTS The p34 cell line showed typical morphological characteristics of epithelial pancreatic tumor cells. The cells were hyperdiploid with a modal number of 48, and had two markers, deletion in the short arm of chromosome 2 and duplication of the short arm of chromosome 8. The doubling time was 16 h. Subcutaneous inoculation of the cells into nude mice yielded 100% tumorigenicity, and intra-spleen inoculation resulted in extensive intra-abdominal spread. The antiproliferative effect of chemotherapy (gemcitabine, cisplatin, taxol and vinorelbine), chemopreventive agents (celecoxib and curcumin) and radiotherapy showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS This p34 cell line can be used as a new model for studying various aspects of the biology of human pancreatic cancer and potential treatment approaches for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Starr
- Lung and Allergy, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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33
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Ben-Yosef R, Vexler A, Asna N, Khafif A, Sarid D, Matceyevsky D. Minimizing radiochemotherapy induced acute skin and mucosal toxicity in head and neck cancer patients treated by Dead Sea products. J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.5606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - A. Vexler
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medcl Ctr, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - N. Asna
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medcl Ctr, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - A. Khafif
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medcl Ctr, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - D. Sarid
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medcl Ctr, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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34
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Ben-Yosef R, Pelled O, Marko R, Vexler A, Teshuva A, German U, Levita M, Kol R. Establishing Schedules for Repeated Doses of Strontium and for Concurrent Chemotherapy in Hormone-Resistant Patients With Prostate Cancer. Am J Clin Oncol 2005; 28:138-42. [PMID: 15803006 DOI: 10.1097/01.coc.0000144728.30492.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Strontium-89 (Sr-89) alone or with concurrent chemotherapy has a role in the treatment of patients with prostate cancer (PCP). The schedules for repeated doses of Sr-89 or for concurrent chemotherapy is undetermined. The objective of this study was to measure the effective half-life (Te) of Sr-89 using a detector available in a nuclear research facility. Blood and urine samples obtained from PCP treated with Sr-89 (Metastron, Amersham, U.K.) were measured for radioactivity with a High Pure Germanium (HPGe) detector in a gamma spectrometry system (Eurisys, France). Twenty-five urine and 22 blood samples were obtained from 8 patients during a period of 160 days after Metastron injection. Sr-89 radioactivity levels in blood and urine were quite low (<8.2 x 10(-3) microCi/mL) in all patients after 21 days, whereas Sr-85 (available in 0.5% of Metastron) urine and, to a lesser extent, blood radioactivity levels were moderately high and could be detected up to 160 days. Based on Sr-85 urine levels, the calculated Sr-89 Te ranged from 9.6 to 20.7 days. Sr-89 Te can be routinely calculated in PCP based on HPGe detection of Sr-85 radioactivity levels in urine. This measurement can establish schedules for either repeated doses of Sr-89 or concurrent chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami Ben-Yosef
- Radiotherapy Unit, Division of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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35
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Ben-Yosef R, Soyfer V, Vexler A. Radiation therapy in cancer patients with psoriasis. The fractionated daily dose and the Koebner phenomenon. Radiother Oncol 2005; 74:21-3. [PMID: 15683664 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2004.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2004] [Revised: 08/19/2004] [Accepted: 08/23/2004] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Skin side effects following XRT take place more often in patients with skin disorders. In this study six patients with psoriatic lesions were evaluated. The total/daily XRT dose to the tumor site was 50-70/1.8-2.0 Gy. No debilitating effect of XRT was observed in both the psoriatic lesions and in the surrounding normal skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami Ben-Yosef
- Radiobiology and Hyperthermia Laboratory, Radiotherapy Unit, Division of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 64239, Israel
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36
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Sarid D, Vexler A, Starr A, Marmor S, Inbar M, Ben-Yosef R. Co-expression of ErbB-4 and ErbB-2 in prostate cancer: In vitro and clinical studies. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.9646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D. Sarid
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - A. Vexler
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - A. Starr
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - S. Marmor
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - M. Inbar
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - R. Ben-Yosef
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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37
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Ben-Yosef R, Vigler N, Inbar M, Vexler A. Hyperthermia combined with radiation therapy in the treatment of local recurrent breast cancer. Isr Med Assoc J 2004; 6:392-5. [PMID: 15274527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperthermia combined with radiation therapy was shown to be more effective in local recurrent breast cancer than radiotherapy alone, but its use is limited due to technical difficulties, stringent reimbursement policies and because it is time consuming. OBJECTIVES To report our experience with a simple and convenient XRT + HT delivery system. METHODS XRT was delivered through either electron or photon beams (total dose 30-40 Gy in previously irradiated fields or 50-70 Gy in non-irradiated fields). Hyperthermia was delivered by a dedicated HT device operating at 915 MHz. The heating session lasted 45 minutes. The maximal tumor surface temperature was set at 45 degrees C and modified according to patient comfort. No intratumoral (invasive) thermometry was used. At least two HT sessions were scheduled to each HT field during the entire XRT treatment period. Tumor response was evaluated every 3 months after completion of treatment. The overall survival was measured from XRT + HT initiation until the last follow-up. RESULTS Fifteen women underwent 114 HT treatments delivered through 28 HT fields. Twenty-four HT fields (15 patients) were previously irradiated. There was complete infield response in 10 fields (6 patients), partial response in 8 fields (4 patients), no response or progressive disease in 4 fields (3 patients), and no parameters in 6 fields (5 patients). Eighteen fields (64%) had complete or partial response. Seven patients had outfield recurrence despite wide XRT + HT fields. Ulceration was the only major side effect (three patients, three fields). CONCLUSIONS The combined HT+XRT delivery system, with no invasive thermometry, is a simple and effective method for treating local recurrent breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami Ben-Yosef
- Division of Oncology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Gorodetsky R, Vexler A, Levdansky L, Marx G. Fibrin microbeads (FMB) as biodegradable carriers for culturing cells and for accelerating wound healing. Methods Mol Biol 2004; 238:11-24. [PMID: 14970435 DOI: 10.1385/1-59259-428-x:11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Gorodetsky
- Biotechnology and Radiobiology Laboratory, Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem
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Gorodetsky R, Levdansky L, Vexler A, Shimeliovich I, Kassis I, Ben-Moshe M, Magdassi S, Marx G. Liposome transduction into cells enhanced by haptotactic peptides (Haptides) homologous to fibrinogen C-termini. J Control Release 2004; 95:477-88. [PMID: 15023459 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2003.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2003] [Accepted: 12/18/2003] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Haptides are 19-21mer cell-binding peptides equivalent to sequences on the C-termini of fibrinogen beta chain (Cbeta), gamma chain (preCgamma) and the extended alphaE chain of fibrinogen (CalphaE). In solution, Haptides accumulated in cells by non-saturable kinetics [Exp. Cell Res. 287 (2003) 116]. This study describes Haptide interactions with liposomes and Haptide-mediated liposome uptake by cells. Haptides became incorporated into negatively charged liposomes, changing their zeta potential. Atomic force microscopy and particle sizing by light scattering showed that the liposomes dissolved Haptide nanoparticles and absorbed them from solution. Pre-mixing fluorescent rhodamine-containing liposomes or "stealth" doxorubicin (DOX)-containing liposomes (Doxil) with Cbeta, preCgamma or to a lesser degree CalphaE, significantly enhanced their uptake by fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Confocal microscopy showed Haptide-induced liposome uptake saturated above approximately 40 microM Haptide. Cytotoxicity tests with lower concentrations of Doxil liposomes indicated that premixing with approximately 40 microM Cbeta or preCgamma increased their toxicity by one order of magnitude. It was evident that the liposomes complexed with an amphiphilic Haptide are transduced through cell membranes, probably by a non-receptor-mediated process. These results suggest that Cbeta or pre-Cgamma could be employed to augment the cellular uptake of drugs in liposomal formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Gorodetsky
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Biotechnology, Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah University Hospital, P.O.B. 12000, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
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Gorodetsky R, Vexler A, Shamir M, An J, Levdansky L, Shimeliovich I, Marx G. New cell attachment peptide sequences from conserved epitopes in the carboxy termini of fibrinogen. Exp Cell Res 2003; 287:116-29. [PMID: 12799188 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-4827(03)00120-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Fibrinogen seems to contribute significantly to cell binding and recruitment into wounds besides its major role in clot formation. We describe 19- to 21-mer cell-binding (haptotactic) peptides from the C-termini of fibrinogen beta-chain (Cbeta), the extended alphaE chain, and near the C-terminal of the gamma-chain. When these peptides were covalently bound to a biologically inert matrix such as Sepharose beads (SB), they elicited beads attachment to cells, mostly of mesenchymal origin (including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells) as well as some transformed cell lines. Based on such haptotactic activity, these peptides were termed "haptides." By contrast, peptides homologous to fibrinogen C-termini alpha- and gamma-chains elicited no such activity. The haptide Cbeta could not block the interaction of fibroblasts with antibodies directed against integrins beta(1), alpha(v), alpha(v)beta(1), alpha(v)beta(3), and alphaIIbeta(3). Moreover, GRGDS peptide could not inhibit enhanced cell binding to SB-Cbeta, as expected from an integrin-mediated process. In soluble form the haptides were accumulated in cells with nonsaturable kinetics without any toxic or proproliferative effects in concentrations up to 80 microM. These findings suggest that the conserved haptidic sequences within fibrin(ogen) can be associated with the adhesion and migration of cells into fibrin clots and may have a significant role in normal wound healing and in various pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Gorodetsky
- Biotechnology and Radiobiology Laboratory, Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah University Hospital, P.O. Box 12000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel.
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41
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Gurevich O, Vexler A, Marx G, Prigozhina T, Levdansky L, Slavin S, Shimeliovich I, Gorodetsky R. Fibrin microbeads for isolating and growing bone marrow-derived progenitor cells capable of forming bone tissue. Tissue Eng 2002; 8:661-72. [PMID: 12202005 DOI: 10.1089/107632702760240571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that bone marrow (BM)-derived pluripotent stem cells can be incorporated into muscle, bone, nerve, lung, stomach, intestine, and skin. Fibrin-based biodegradable microbeads (FMB) were developed for culturing, in suspension, a high density of cells, mostly of mesenchymal origin. In the current study, FMB were used to isolate and expand mesenchymal progenitor cells from BM of mice and rats. Cells from BM isolated on FMB (FMB-BM cells) were visualized by fluorescent confocal microscopy and quantified by a modified MTS colorimetric assay. Downloading the BM cells from FMB onto plastic induced their differentiation into islets of cells with osteogenic phenotype that secreted mineralized extracellular matrix. This was augmented by inducers of osteogenesis, such as ascorbic acid, beta-glycerophosphate, and dexamethasone, or osteoblast-growth peptides (OGP). Implanting FMB-BM cells under the kidney capsule in mouse tested the osteogenic potential of these cells in vivo. Thirty days after implantation, bone structures with typical BM elements were seen in 8/53 kidneys in 6-Gy-irradiated mice and in 1/10 kidneys in nonirradiated recipients; bone formation was verified by soft x-ray imaging and elemental analysis that showed elevated Ca and Fe in the implant region. FMB-BM cells - downloaded onto plastic flasks, cultured for 2 weeks, mechanically harvested and then implanted - induced 100% bone formation in both irradiated (6/6) and nonirradiated (3/3) mice. Histology revealed well-organized bone structures under the kidney capsule, including osteoblasts and typical elements of BM. Our findings demonstrate that FMB are capable of isolating and expanding progenitor cells from BM for osteogenesis and possibly for regenerating other mesenchymal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Gurevich
- BMT Department, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
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42
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Gorodetsky R, Lotan C, Piggot K, Pierce LJ, Polyansky I, Dische S, Saunders MI, Lichter AS, Vexler A. Late effects of dose fractionation on the mechanical properties of breast skin following post-lumpectomy radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1999; 45:893-900. [PMID: 10571195 DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(99)00257-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Late radiation-induced skin effects were studied in a multicenter project using our new sensitive noninvasive viscoelasticity skin analyzer (VESA). METHODS AND MATERIALS Skin viscoelasticity and anisotropy were examined quantitatively in symmetric areas of both breasts in healthy women and in 110 breast cancer patients who underwent lumpectomy and radiotherapy. These parameters were evaluated by the VESA measurement of the speed of elastic wave propagation in the skin; higher VESA readings correspond to higher skin stiffness. Effect of radiation was estimated by comparison of the data recorded in the irradiated versus nonirradiated breast of the same patient. RESULTS Skin viscoelasticity and anisotropy were similar in contralateral areas of the breasts in healthy controls as well as in the nonirradiated breasts of the patients. With age, skin viscoelasticity decreased and anisotropy increased similarly in both breasts. Radiotherapy, by a total radiation dose in the range of 45-50 Gy given with 1.8 Gy/fraction (fx) resulted in a similar minor, but still statistically significant, increase of skin stiffness relative to control. The effect was more pronounced when a dose of 50 Gy was given in a higher dose/fraction of 2.5 Gy. CONCLUSION We found that the increase in dose of radiation per fraction had much more impact on the development of late skin effects than elevation in the total dose given.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gorodetsky
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel.
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43
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Gorodetsky R, Andriessen A, Polyansky I, Vexler A. Measurement of breast skin viscoelasticity and a pilot study on the potential radioprotective effect of a zinc-based cream. J Wound Care 1999; 8:514-8. [PMID: 10827657 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.1999.8.10.26219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Radiation-induced late skin effects were studied in patients with breast cancer in relation to different protocols of fractionated radiotherapy in three different medical centres, in Israel, the UK and the USA. The mechanical properties of skin were evaluated in breasts of healthy volunteers, and non-irradiated and irradiated breasts of patients, using a newly developed viscoelasticity skin analyser (VESA). The increase of the dose of radiation per fraction was found to have more impact on the development of radiation-induced late skin effects than the elevation of the total dose given. In addition, a pilot study on the possible radioprotective effect of external application of a cream containing zinc oxide on radiation-induced early skin changes in patients with breast cancer was initiated. Non-invasive measurement of trace elements and zinc pharmacokinetics in the skin of healthy controls following the application of the zinc oxide cream were performed by unique diagnostic X-ray spectrometry (DXS). Application of the cream, followed by thorough skin cleansing, significantly increased the amount of residual zinc in the skin, but continuous daily treatment did not cause further build-up of the dermal zinc level. The radioprotective effect of the zinc oxide cream on the skin is now being studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gorodetsky
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Biotechnology, Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
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44
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Vexler A, Polyansky I, Gorodetsky R. Evaluation of skin viscoelasticity and anisotropy by measurement of speed of shear wave propagation with viscoelasticity skin analyzer. J Invest Dermatol 1999; 113:732-9. [PMID: 10571727 DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1747.1999.00751.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Skin viscoelasticity was evaluated by a fast, noninvasive assay based on the measurement of the speed of elastic shear wave propagation in the skin by a new portable and user-friendly viscoelasticity skin analyzer. The range of speed of elastic shear wave propagation measured by viscoelasticity skin analyzer allows the evaluation of the stiffness of a wide spectrum of artificial materials as well as the viscoelasticity of skin of laboratory animals and human subjects. The directional nature of the measurement enables to monitor the anisotropy of the materials tested. The speed of elastic shear wave propagation was shown to have a positive correlation with the stiffness of the material tested. In symmetric contralateral areas of intact skin in rabbit ears, similar viscoelasticity and anisotropy were observed. Twenty-four hours after the induction of local edema by croton oil, skin stiffness and anisotropy were significantly increased. In healthy human subjects of both sexes significant variations in skin stiffness and anisotropy were observed in three different skin areas along the forearms, but the speed of elastic shear wave propagation was similar in the symmetric contralateral areas. Age (17-65 y) seemed to have a limited effect on the viscoelasticity of the forearm skin. Hydrating creams decreased the stiffness of the forearm skin for only approximately 3 h. The stiffness and anisotropy of the skin of the breasts in female volunteers (20-86 y) increased with age, but the speed of elastic shear wave propagation was similar in symmetric contralateral areas in the same individuals. Based on these results, we propose the application of the viscoelasticity skin analyzer in experimental and clinical practice for quantitative evaluation of skin condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vexler
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Sharett institute of Oncology, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
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45
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Gorodetsky R, Clark RA, An J, Gailit J, Levdansky L, Vexler A, Berman E, Marx G. Fibrin microbeads (FMB) as biodegradable carriers for culturing cells and for accelerating wound healing. J Invest Dermatol 1999; 112:866-72. [PMID: 10383731 DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1747.1999.00600.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We have developed biodegradable fibrin-derived microbeads as potent cell carriers. The fibrin-derived microbeads, 50-200 microm in diameter, were tested for their attachment to a wide range of cell types. Fibrin-derived microbeads were shown to be greatly haptotactic to cells (such as endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts), which respond to fibrinogen in contrast to keratinocytes and different cell lines derived from leukocytic lineage. The cells on fibrin-derived microbeads could be maintained for more than 10 d and achieved a high density. 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance was employed to monitor phosphate metabolism in cells, with densities on the order of 100 million cells per g of fibrin-derived microbeads. The 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance adenosine triphosphate and phosphocreatine signals, equivalent to the signal obtained with perfused normal skin, indicated that metabolism of cells on fibrin-derived microbeads was responsive to oxygenation and nutrients. Light, fluorescent, and confocal laser microscopy revealed that the porous fibrin-derived microbeads accommodate up to 200-300 cells due to their high surface area which minimized contact inhibition. Cells could degrade the fibrin-derived microbeads and be transferred to seed culture flasks without trypsinization. In a pig skin wound healing model, fibrin-derived microbeads + fibroblasts were transplanted into full thickness punch wounds. This procedure was compared with other treatment modalities, such as the addition of human platelet-derived growth factor BB or fibrin-derived microbeads alone. By the third day after wounding, only the wounds in which fibroblasts on fibrin-derived microbeads were added showed significant formation of granulation tissue. Based on the above, we project many uses of our novel fibrin-derived microbead technology for cell culturing, wound healing and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gorodetsky
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
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46
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Abstract
Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a major complication of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Immunosuppressive treatment regimens carry the potential of causing severe morbidity and mortality, so that additional modes of therapy with fewer side-effects are clearly needed. Five cGVHD patients (sclerodermoid cGVHD in two patients, lichenoid cGVHD in one patient and intraoral cGVHD in two patients), who had not responded to standard immunosuppressive drugs, were treated with adjuvant UVB phototherapy. The patient with lichenoid cGVHD experienced complete clearing of cutaneous lesions, whereas both patients with sclerodermoid cGVHD experienced significant relief of pruritus, but showed no change of the sclerodermoid skin lesions. Intraoral lesions cleared in one patient. The effects of UVB phototherapy were furthermore documented by measurement of skin viscoelasticity and mouth opening. No side-effects were encountered. This preliminary study suggests that UVB phototherapy is useful as an adjuvant therapeutic modality in intraoral and cutaneous lichenoid cGVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- C D Enk
- Department of Dermatology, Hadassah Medical Center-The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
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47
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Gorodetskv R, Lotan C, Polyansky I, Vexler A, Saunders M, Piggot K, Dische S, Pierce L, Lichter A. Non-invasive follow-up of the viscoelasticity of the breast skin following radiation therapy. Eur J Cancer 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(98)80239-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Gorodetsky R, Levdansky L, Ringel I, Vexler A. Paclitaxel-Induced Modification of the Effects of Radiation and Alterations in the Cell Cycle in Normal and Tumor Mammalian Cells. Radiat Res 1998. [DOI: 10.2307/3579977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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49
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Gorodetsky R, Levdansky L, Ringel I, Vexler A. Paclitaxel-induced modification of the effects of radiation and alterations in the cell cycle in normal and tumor mammalian cells. Radiat Res 1998; 150:283-91. [PMID: 9728657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The cytotoxicity of paclitaxel (taxol) is associated mainly with block in G2/M phase, the most radiosensitive phase of the cell cycle. Nevertheless, taxol-induced modification of the effects of radiation may vary from clear sensitization to subadditivity. Therefore, this effect was studied in relation to drug-induced alterations in the distribution of cells in the phases of the cell cycle in tumor cells (EMT-6 and OV-1063) and normal skin fibroblasts. Cell survival was evaluated with two colorimetric assays. The cell cycle was evaluated by FACS analysis of doubly-labeled cells. The radiosensitivity of the different cells studied was similar, apart from the less radiosensitive human fibroblasts. However, their dose- and time-dependent sensitivity to taxol varied significantly. After 24 h exposure of EMT-6 cells to taxol (IC50 approximately 20 nM), the fraction of cells in G2/M phase increased, the fraction in S phase decreased, and the proportion of possibly apoptotic cells with subdiploid and subtetraploid DNA content increased; this coincided with radiosensitization. In OV-1063 cells (IC50 approximately 3 nM), the drug-induced G2/M-phase block was most pronounced, but the combined effect with radiation was merely additive. In human fibroblasts (IC50 approximately 35 nM), a minimal G2/M-phase block with no change in the S phase and a massive elevation of apoptotic cells with subdiploid DNA content was accompanied by a subadditive combined effect with radiation. Six hours of exposure to taxol increased the fraction of cells in S phase in both nonsynchronized and S-phase-synchronized human fibroblasts (G1 phase approximately 65%, S phase approximately 13%). This was accompanied by a pronounced subadditive effect of the combined treatment. However, in G1-phase synchronized human fibroblasts (G1 phase > or =90%, S phase approximately 3%), only the fraction of cells in G2/M phase was slightly elevated, with a merely additive response to the combined treatment. The differences in the response to the combined treatment between slowly and rapidly proliferating cells in relation to modifications in the cell cycle are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gorodetsky
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
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Gorodetsky R, Vexler A, An J, Mou X, Marx G. Haptotactic and growth stimulatory effects of fibrin(ogen) and thrombin on cultured fibroblasts. J Lab Clin Med 1998; 131:269-80. [PMID: 9523852 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2143(98)90100-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We tested the ability of purified, ultraviolet C virally inactivated components of human fibrin sealant (FS) to modulate the chemotaxis, adherence, and proliferation of cultured cells. A fibrin clot formed on a near-confluent layer of human fibroblasts (HFs) recruited cells from the surrounding area. Thrombin (Thr) enhanced HF proliferation by a factor of 1.5 to 1.8, whereas fibrinogen (Fib) exerted only a minimal proliferative effect. We developed a new cell haptotactic/attachment assay by using Thr and Fib covalently bound to Sepharose beads (SBs). The kinetics of cell binding were approximately equivalent for beads coated with either protein. Uncoated SBs or fibrinogen-bound SBs (Fib-SB) pretreated with plasmin did not attract HFs. AlphaThr-SB induced a positive migratory response that was not affected by blocking its proteolytic site, whereas gammaThr-SB elicited no response. X irradiation of HFs at a dose of 6 Gy showed that the migratory response of HF is independent of proliferation, as confirmed by a bromodeoxyuridine uptake assay. Several types of cultured cells (murine fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, aortic endothelial cells, and murine mammary carcinoma cells) also attached to Fib-SB. By contrast, human keratinocytes, human ovarian carcinoma cells, murine macrophage-like cells, leukemic cells, and murine mast cells did not attach. Our results provide some mechanistic insights into the haptotactic and proliferative effects of Fib and Thr on different cells.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Adhesion/physiology
- Cell Division/physiology
- Cell Line
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemotaxis/physiology
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiology
- Endothelium, Vascular/radiation effects
- Female
- Fibrin/physiology
- Fibroblasts/physiology
- Fibroblasts/radiation effects
- Fibroblasts/ultrastructure
- Humans
- Mammary Neoplasms, Animal/metabolism
- Mammary Neoplasms, Animal/pathology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Animal/radiotherapy
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C3H
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/radiation effects
- Swine
- Thrombin/physiology
- Wound Healing
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gorodetsky
- Sharett Institute for Oncology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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