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Mongillo J, Vescovo G, Bramanti B. Belly fat or bloating? New insights into the physical appearance of St Anthony of Padua. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260505. [PMID: 34932567 PMCID: PMC8691610 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the centuries, iconographic representations of St Anthony of Padua, one of the most revered saints in the Catholic world, have been inspired by literary sources, which described the Saint as either naturally corpulent or with a swollen abdomen due to dropsy (i.e. fluid accumulation in the body cavities). Even recent attempts to reconstruct the face of the Saint have yielded discordant results regarding his outward appearance. To address questions about the real appearance of St Anthony, we applied body mass estimation equations to the osteometric measurements taken in 1981, during the public recognition of the Saint’s skeletal remains. Both the biomechanical and the morphometric approach were employed to solve some intrinsic limitations in the equations for body mass estimation from skeletal remains. The estimated body mass was used to assess the physique of the Saint with the body mass index. The outcomes of this investigation reveal interesting information about the body type of the Saint throughout his lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Mongillo
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara c.so Ercole I d’Este n.32, Ferrara, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Giulia Vescovo
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara c.so Ercole I d’Este n.32, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Barbara Bramanti
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara c.so Ercole I d’Este n.32, Ferrara, Italy
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2
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Deutscher D, Hayes D, Cook KF, Werneke MW, Tucker CA, Mioduski JE, Levenhagen K, Tidhar D, Pfarr M, Kallen MA. Upper Quadrant Edema Patient-Reported Outcome Measure Is Reliable, Valid, and Efficient for Patients With Lymphatic and Venous Disorders. Phys Ther 2021; 101:6375661. [PMID: 34636891 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzab219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The main aims of this study were to (1) create a patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) item bank for measuring the impact of upper quadrant edema (UQE) on physical function by calibrating responses to newly developed items; and (2) assess reliability, validity, and administration efficiency of scores based on computerized adaptive test (CAT) and 10-item short-form (SF) administration modes. METHODS This was a retrospective study including data from patients treated in outpatient rehabilitation clinics for UQE that responded to all 27 candidate items at intake. Item response theory model assumptions of unidimensionality, local item independence, item fit, and presence of differential item functioning were evaluated. UQE-CAT- and UQE-SF-generated scores were assessed for reliability, validity, and administration efficiency. RESULTS The total cohort included 3486 patients (mean [SD] age = 61 [13] years; range = 14-89 years). After removing 2 items, a 25-item solution was supported for its unidimensionality and fit to the item response theory model with reliability estimates of more than 0.93 for scores based on both CAT and SF administration modes. No items demonstrated differential item functioning. Scores discriminated among multiple patient groups in clinically logical ways and were moderately responsive to change with negligible floor and acceptable ceiling effects. CAT scores were generated using an average of 5.6 items (median = 5). CONCLUSION Scores on the UQE PROM were reliable, valid, and efficient for assessing perceived physical function of patients with upper quadrant edema; thus, the measure is suitable for research and routine clinical administration. IMPACT The newly developed UQE PROM is reliable and valid and offers efficient administration modes for assessing perceived physical function of patients with UQE caused by lymphatic and venous disorders, both for research and routine clinical care in busy outpatient rehabilitation settings. As an item response theory-based measure, the UQE PROM allows administration of condition-specific functional questions with low response burden for patients. This study supports a transition to PROMs that are based on modern measurement approaches to achieve high accuracy and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Deutscher
- Net Health Systems, Inc, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Maccabitech Institute for Research & Innovation, Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Deanna Hayes
- Net Health Systems, Inc, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | - Carole A Tucker
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Kim Levenhagen
- Program in Physical Therapy, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Dorit Tidhar
- Physical Therapy Department, Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Megan Pfarr
- HSHS Wisconsin & Prevea Health, Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Michael A Kallen
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Xiong S, Zhang L, Qadir AS, Richner JM, Class J, Rehman J, Malik AB. Interleukin-1RA Mitigates SARS-CoV-2-Induced Inflammatory Lung Vascular Leakage and Mortality in Humanized K18-hACE-2 Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2773-2785. [PMID: 34496633 PMCID: PMC8545251 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqin Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and the Center for Lung and Vascular Biology (S.X., L.Z., A.S.Q., J.R., A.B.M.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago
- Now with Department of Cardiometabolic Diseases, Merck Research Laboratories, South San Francisco, CA (S.X.)
| | - Lianghui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and the Center for Lung and Vascular Biology (S.X., L.Z., A.S.Q., J.R., A.B.M.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago
| | - Abdul S. Qadir
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and the Center for Lung and Vascular Biology (S.X., L.Z., A.S.Q., J.R., A.B.M.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago
| | - Justin M. Richner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology (J.M.R., J.C.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (J.R.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago
| | - Jake Class
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology (J.M.R., J.C.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago
| | - Jalees Rehman
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and the Center for Lung and Vascular Biology (S.X., L.Z., A.S.Q., J.R., A.B.M.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago
| | - Asrar B. Malik
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and the Center for Lung and Vascular Biology (S.X., L.Z., A.S.Q., J.R., A.B.M.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago
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Masterman E, Ahmed Z. Experimental Treatments for Oedema in Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102682. [PMID: 34685662 PMCID: PMC8534777 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of spinal cord injury (SCI) is ever-growing, resulting in life-changing neurological deficits which can have devastating long-term impacts on a person’s quality of life. There is an unmet clinical need for a treatment which will prevent progression of the injury, allowing improved axonal regeneration and functional recovery to occur. The initial mechanical insult, followed by a cascade of secondary mechanisms, leads to the exacerbation and remodelling of the lesion site, thus inhibiting neurological recovery. Oedema rapidly accumulates following SCI and contributes to the detrimental pathophysiology and worsens functional outcomes. This study systematically reviewed the current experimental treatments being explored in the field of SCI, which specifically target oedema. Abiding by PRISMA guidelines and strict inclusion criteria, 14 studies were identified and analysed from three online databases (PubMed, Web of Science and EMBASE). As a result, we identified three key modalities which attenuate oedema: selective inhibition of the main water channel protein, aquaporin 4 (AQP4), modulation of inflammation and surgical interventions. Collectively, however, they all result in the downregulation of AQP4, which crucially leads to a reduction in oedema and improved functional outcomes. We concluded that trifluoperazine (TFP), a calmodulin kinase inhibitor which prevents the cell-surface localisation of AQP4, was the most efficacious treatment, significantly eliminating oedema within 7 days of administration. To date, this study is the most concise analysis of current experimental treatments for oedema, exposing its molecular mechanisms and assessing potential therapeutic pathways for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Masterman
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
| | - Zubair Ahmed
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
- Centre for Trauma Sciences Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre, National Institute for Health Research, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
- Correspondence:
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Paratthakonkun C, Vimuttipong V, Nana A, Chaijenkij K, Soonthornworasiri N, Arthan D. The Effects of Crocodile Blood Supplementation on Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness. Nutrients 2021; 13:2312. [PMID: 34371824 PMCID: PMC8308554 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is associated with increases in acute inflammatory and biochemical markers, muscle swelling, pain, and reduced functional performance. This study aimed to investigate the preventative effects of crocodile blood supplementation on DOMS induced by eccentric exercise. Sixteen healthy males were randomly allocated to either a crocodile blood (CB, n = 8) or a placebo (PL, n = 8) treatment. Participants receiving the CB treatment consumed four capsules of freeze-dried CB powder (1 g day-1) over 18 days. Participants receiving the other treatment were administered a placebo over the same period. An eccentric exercise protocol was performed, and functional performance, visual analogue scale (VAS)-measured pain, knee range of movement (ROM), thigh circumference (swelling), and cytokines, enzymes, and biochemical parameters were assessed immediately after exercise as well as after 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. CB supplementation could significantly maintain maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) at 24 h (p = 0.001) and 48 h after exercise (p = 0.001) when comparing values at different times for the CB group. In the CB group, thigh circumference decreased only immediately after eccentric exercise (p = 0.031) in comparison with pre-eccentric exercise values. An 18-day supplementation (1 g day-1) of crocodile blood does aid in the maintenance of functional performance and muscle swelling after eccentric exercise. Our data indicate that 1 g day-1 of crocodile blood supplementation should be safe for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chirawat Paratthakonkun
- College of Sports Science and Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (V.V.); (A.N.); (K.C.)
| | - Vipu Vimuttipong
- College of Sports Science and Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (V.V.); (A.N.); (K.C.)
| | - Alisa Nana
- College of Sports Science and Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (V.V.); (A.N.); (K.C.)
| | - Kornkit Chaijenkij
- College of Sports Science and Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (V.V.); (A.N.); (K.C.)
| | - Ngamphol Soonthornworasiri
- Department of Tropical Hygiene, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Dumrongkiet Arthan
- Department of Tropical Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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Wangmang F, Belk E, Usatine RP. Hand ulceration. J Fam Pract 2021; 70:305-306. [PMID: 34431780 DOI: 10.12788/jfp.0240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the American Southwest, a common problem can be diagnosed with the knowledge of the local environment and its inhabitants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Wangmang
- University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio
| | - Elbert Belk
- University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio
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Hester LL, Gifkins DM, M Bellew K, Vermeulen J, Schecter JM, Strony J, Dishy V, Weiss BM. Diagnostic delay and characterization of the clinical prodrome in AL amyloidosis among 1523 US adults diagnosed between 2001 and 2019. Eur J Haematol 2021; 107:428-435. [PMID: 34137077 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Light-chain (AL) amyloidosis is a multisystem disorder with a high early mortality and diagnostic delays of >1 year from symptom onset. This retrospective observational study sought to characterize the clinical prodrome and diagnostic delay to inform early detection. We identified 1523 adults with newly diagnosed AL amyloidosis in the Optum de-identified Clinformatics® Datamart US healthcare claims database as those with ≥2 new diagnosis codes for AL or other amyloidosis in 90 days with ≥1 multiple myeloma treatment within 730 days, excluding patients with prior hereditary or secondary amyloidosis and Familial Mediterranean Fever. We considered 34 signs/symptoms using diagnosis codes in all observable time on or before AL amyloidosis diagnosis. Sign/symptom prevalence was compared to that of 1:4 matched population controls. The overlap and sequence of signs/symptoms and the median time from first sign/symptom to AL amyloidosis diagnosis were explored. Healthcare utilization was summarized. The most common individual AL amyloidosis signs/symptoms were malaise/fatigue (61%) and dyspnea (59%). Cardiac signs/symptoms were observed in 77% of patients, followed by renal (62%) and neurologic (59%) signs/symptoms. Multisystem involvement (≥3 systems) was present in 54%. Monoclonal gammopathy was detected in 29% before diagnosis. Median time from symptom onset to AL amyloidosis diagnosis was 2.7 years. Healthcare utilization was high between first AL amyloidosis signs/symptoms and diagnosis, with 50% visiting ≥5 physician types. AL amyloidosis patients have a lengthy and complex clinical prodrome. Novel approaches to early diagnosis are needed to improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura L Hester
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, NJ, USA
| | | | - Kevin M Bellew
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, PA, USA
| | | | | | - John Strony
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Raritan, NJ, USA
| | - Victor Dishy
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Raritan, NJ, USA
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Pu Z, Shimizu Y, Tsuzuki K, Suzuki J, Hayashida R, Kondo K, Fujikawa Y, Unno K, Ohashi K, Takefuji M, Bando YK, Ouchi N, Calvert JW, Shibata R, Murohara T. Important Role of Concomitant Lymphangiogenesis for Reparative Angiogenesis in Hindlimb Ischemia. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2006-2018. [PMID: 33910373 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyue Pu
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan (Z.P., Y.S., K.T., J.S., R.H., K.K., Y.F., K.U., K.O., M.T., Y.K.B., N.O., R.S., T.M.)
| | - Yuuki Shimizu
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan (Z.P., Y.S., K.T., J.S., R.H., K.K., Y.F., K.U., K.O., M.T., Y.K.B., N.O., R.S., T.M.)
| | - Kazuhito Tsuzuki
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan (Z.P., Y.S., K.T., J.S., R.H., K.K., Y.F., K.U., K.O., M.T., Y.K.B., N.O., R.S., T.M.)
| | - Junya Suzuki
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan (Z.P., Y.S., K.T., J.S., R.H., K.K., Y.F., K.U., K.O., M.T., Y.K.B., N.O., R.S., T.M.)
| | - Ryo Hayashida
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan (Z.P., Y.S., K.T., J.S., R.H., K.K., Y.F., K.U., K.O., M.T., Y.K.B., N.O., R.S., T.M.)
| | - Kazuhisa Kondo
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan (Z.P., Y.S., K.T., J.S., R.H., K.K., Y.F., K.U., K.O., M.T., Y.K.B., N.O., R.S., T.M.)
| | - Yusuke Fujikawa
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan (Z.P., Y.S., K.T., J.S., R.H., K.K., Y.F., K.U., K.O., M.T., Y.K.B., N.O., R.S., T.M.)
| | - Kazumasa Unno
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan (Z.P., Y.S., K.T., J.S., R.H., K.K., Y.F., K.U., K.O., M.T., Y.K.B., N.O., R.S., T.M.)
| | - Koji Ohashi
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan (Z.P., Y.S., K.T., J.S., R.H., K.K., Y.F., K.U., K.O., M.T., Y.K.B., N.O., R.S., T.M.)
| | - Mikito Takefuji
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan (Z.P., Y.S., K.T., J.S., R.H., K.K., Y.F., K.U., K.O., M.T., Y.K.B., N.O., R.S., T.M.)
| | - Yasuko K Bando
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan (Z.P., Y.S., K.T., J.S., R.H., K.K., Y.F., K.U., K.O., M.T., Y.K.B., N.O., R.S., T.M.)
| | - Noriyuki Ouchi
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan (Z.P., Y.S., K.T., J.S., R.H., K.K., Y.F., K.U., K.O., M.T., Y.K.B., N.O., R.S., T.M.)
| | - John W Calvert
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Carlyle Fraser Heart Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.W.C.)
| | - Rei Shibata
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan (Z.P., Y.S., K.T., J.S., R.H., K.K., Y.F., K.U., K.O., M.T., Y.K.B., N.O., R.S., T.M.)
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan (Z.P., Y.S., K.T., J.S., R.H., K.K., Y.F., K.U., K.O., M.T., Y.K.B., N.O., R.S., T.M.)
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Schober P, Lust EJ, Heunks LMA, Schwarte LA. Thinking Out-of-the-Box: A Non-Standard Application of Standard Pulse-Oximetry and Standard Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in a COVID-19 Patient. J Intensive Care Med 2021; 36:376-380. [PMID: 33034231 PMCID: PMC7863114 DOI: 10.1177/0885066620965167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Purpose of this report is to describe the feasibility of lingual pulse oximetry and lingual near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in a COVID-19 patient to assess lingual tissue viability after several days of mechanical ventilation in the prone position. MATERIALS & METHODS In a COVID-19 ICU-patient, the tongue became grotesquely swollen, hardened and protruding from the oral cavity after 20 h of mechanical ventilation uninterrupted in the prone position. To assess the doubtful viability of the tongue, pulse-oximetric hemoglobin O2-saturation (SpO2; Nellcor, OxiMax MAX-NI, Covidien, MA, USA) and NIRS-based, regional tissue O2-saturation measurements (rSO2; SenSmart, Nonin, MN, USA) were performed at the tongue. RESULTS At the tongue, regular pulse-oximetric waveforms with a pulse-oximetric hemoglobin O2-saturation (SpO2) of 88% were recorded, i.e. only slightly lower than the SpO2 reading at the extremities at that time (90%). Lingual NIRS-based rSO2 measurements yielded stable tissue rSO2-values of 76-78%, i.e. values expected also in other adequately perfused and oxygenated (muscle-) tissues. CONCLUSION Despite the alarming, clinical finding of a grotesquely swollen, rubber-hard tongue and clinical concerns on the adequacy of the tongue perfusion and oxygenation, our measurements of both arterial pulsatility (SpO2) and NIRS-based tissue oxygenation (rSO2) suggested adequate perfusion and oxygenation of the tongue, rendering non-vitality of the tongue, e.g. by lingual venous thrombosis, unlikely. To our knowledge, this is the first clinical report of lingual rSO2 measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Schober
- Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik J. Lust
- Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leo M. A. Heunks
- Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lothar A. Schwarte
- Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Taheri Y, Naderi N, Ayatollahi SA, Baghalpour N, Mahroo-Bakhtiyari J, Sharifi-Rad J. High-performance thin-layer chromatography fingerprinting and anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of Pyracantha coccinea M.Roem.: A laboratory-based study. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2021; 67:106-111. [PMID: 34817360 DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2021.67.1.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) fingerprinting and in-vivo anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of different leaf extracts (ethanolic extract, n-hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate) of Pyracantha coccinea M.Roem. plant. A total of one hundred and twenty-four Wistar rats for anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive tests (carrageenan and formalin tests, respectively) were treated with two doses of the ethanolic extract (100 and 300 mg/kg), two doses of other plant fractions (30 and 100 mg/kg), Diclofenac (25 mg/kg) as the positive control, and normal saline as the negative control group, by oral gavage route. HPTLC fingerprinting is used for assay of terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, and antioxidant activity. Treatment of the animal with the ethanolic extract at doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg, both ethyl acetate and chloroform fractions at the dose of 30 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg decreased the pain score in the formalin test and paw edema caused by carrageenan relative to control group significantly. Moreover, these extracts reported the highest amounts of flavonoid contents. In conclusion, phytochemicals present in Pyracantha coccinea M.Roem. leaves have anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities. Future studies are needed to identify the compounds with the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive potential present in the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Taheri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nima Naderi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Navid Baghalpour
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Javad Mahroo-Bakhtiyari
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Smolle C, Lindenmann J, Kamolz L, Smolle-Juettner FM. The History and Development of Hyperbaric Oxygenation (HBO) in Thermal Burn Injury. Medicina (Kaunas) 2021; 57:49. [PMID: 33430046 PMCID: PMC7827759 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) denotes breathing of 100% oxygen under elevated ambient pressure. Since the initiation of HBO for burns in 1965, abundant experimental and clinical work has been done. Despite many undisputedly positive and only a few controversial results on the efficacy of adjunctive HBO for burn injury, the method has not yet been established in clinical routine. Materials and Methods: We did a retrospective analysis of the literature according to PRISMA-guidelines, from the very beginning of HBO for burns up to present, trying to elucidate the question why HBO is still sidelined in the treatment of burn injury. Results: Forty-seven publications (32 animal experiments, four trials in human volunteers and 11 clinical studies) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Except four investigators who found little or no beneficial action, all were able to demonstrate positive effects of HBO, most of them describing less edema, improved healing, less infection or bacterial growth and most recently, reduction of post-burn pain. Secondary enlargement of burn was prevented, as microvascular perfusion could be preserved, and cells were kept viable. The application of HBO, however, concerning pressure, duration, frequency and number of treatment sessions, varied considerably. Authors of large clinical studies underscored the intricate measures required when administering HBO in severe burns. Conclusions: HBO unquestionably has a positive impact on the pathophysiological mechanisms, and hence on the healing and course of burns. The few negative results are most likely due to peculiarities in the administration of HBO and possibly also to interactions when delivering the treatment to severely ill patients. Well-designed studies are needed to definitively assess its clinical value as an adjunctive treatment focusing on relevant outcome criteria such as wound healing time, complications, length of hospital stay, mortality and scar quality, while also defining optimal HBO dosage and timing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Smolle
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Division of Thoracic and Hyperbaric Surgery, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 29, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (C.S.); (L.K.)
- Division of Thoracic and Hyperbaric Surgery, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 29, A-8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Joerg Lindenmann
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Division of Thoracic and Hyperbaric Surgery, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 29, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (C.S.); (L.K.)
- Division of Thoracic and Hyperbaric Surgery, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 29, A-8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Lars Kamolz
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Division of Thoracic and Hyperbaric Surgery, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 29, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (C.S.); (L.K.)
- Division of Thoracic and Hyperbaric Surgery, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 29, A-8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Freyja-Maria Smolle-Juettner
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Division of Thoracic and Hyperbaric Surgery, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 29, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (C.S.); (L.K.)
- Division of Thoracic and Hyperbaric Surgery, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 29, A-8036 Graz, Austria
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12
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Winkler L, Blasig R, Breitkreuz-Korff O, Berndt P, Dithmer S, Helms HC, Puchkov D, Devraj K, Kaya M, Qin Z, Liebner S, Wolburg H, Andjelkovic AV, Rex A, Blasig IE, Haseloff RF. Tight junctions in the blood-brain barrier promote edema formation and infarct size in stroke - Ambivalent effects of sealing proteins. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2021; 41:132-145. [PMID: 32054373 PMCID: PMC7747158 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x20904687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The outcome of stroke is greatly influenced by the state of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB endothelium is sealed paracellularly by tight junction (TJ) proteins, i.e., claudins (Cldns) and the redox regulator occludin. Functions of Cldn3 and occludin at the BBB are largely unknown, particularly after stroke. We address the effects of Cldn3 deficiency and stress factors on the BBB and its TJs. Cldn3 tightened the BBB for small molecules and ions, limited endothelial endocytosis, strengthened the TJ structure and controlled Cldn1 expression. After middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and 3-h reperfusion or hypoxia of isolated brain capillaries, Cldn1, Cldn3 and occludin were downregulated. In Cldn3 knockout mice (C3KO), the reduction in Cldn1 was even greater and TJ ultrastructure was impaired; 48 h after MCAO of wt mice, infarct volumes were enlarged and edema developed, but endothelial TJs were preserved. In contrast, junctional localization of Cldn5 and occludin, TJ density, swelling and infarction size were reduced in affected brain areas of C3KO. Taken together, Cldn3 and occludin protect TJs in stroke, and this keeps the BBB intact. However, functional Cldn3, Cldn3-regulated TJ proteins and occludin promote edema and infarction, which suggests that TJ modulation could improve the outcome of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Winkler
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Rosel Blasig
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | | | - Philipp Berndt
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Sophie Dithmer
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Hans C Helms
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Dmytro Puchkov
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Kavi Devraj
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger-Institute), University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Mehmet Kaya
- School of Medicine, Department of Physiology & Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zhihai Qin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Stefan Liebner
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger-Institute), University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Hartwig Wolburg
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, Universität of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Andre Rex
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Experimental Neurology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ingolf E Blasig
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Reiner F Haseloff
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin-Buch, Germany
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13
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Su DJ, Li LF, Wang SY, Yang Q, Wu YJ, Zhao MG, Yang L. Pra-C exerts analgesic effect through inhibiting microglial activation in anterior cingulate cortex in complete Freund's adjuvant-induced mouse model. Mol Pain 2021; 17:1744806921990934. [PMID: 33590786 PMCID: PMC7894694 DOI: 10.1177/1744806921990934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is highly prevalent worldwide and severely affects daily lives of patients and family members. Praeruptorin C (Pra-C) is a main active ingredient derived from Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn, traditionally used as antibechic, anti-bronchitis and anti-hypertension drug. Here, we evaluated the effects of Pra-C in a chronic inflammatory pain mouse model induced by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) injection. Pra-C (3 mg/kg) treatment for just 3 days after CFA challenge relieved CFA-induced mechanical allodynia and hindpaw edema in mice. In the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), Pra-C treatment inhibited microglia activation and reduced levels of proinflammatory cytokines, TNF-α and IL-1β, and suppressed upregulation of glutamate receptors caused by CFA injection. In addition, Pra-C attenuated neuronal hyperexcitability in ACC of CFA-injected mice. In vitro studies confirmed the analgesic effect of Pra-C was due to its inhibitory ability on microglial activation. In conclusion, Pra-C administration had a certain effect on relieving chronic pain by inhibiting microglial activation, attenuating proinflammatory cytokine releasing and regulating excitatory synaptic proteins in the ACC of the CFA-injected mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-jie Su
- First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Long-fei Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Precision Pharmacy and Drug Development Center, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Sai-ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Precision Pharmacy and Drug Development Center, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Precision Pharmacy and Drug Development Center, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yu-jing Wu
- Department of Medicine, 69224 Military Hospital, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ming-gao Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Precision Pharmacy and Drug Development Center, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Le Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Precision Pharmacy and Drug Development Center, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
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14
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Plebani A, Meini A, Cattalini M, Lougaris V, Bugatti A, Caccuri F, Caruso A. Mycoplasma infection may complicate the clinical course of SARS-Co-V-2 associated Kawasaki-like disease in children. Clin Immunol 2020; 221:108613. [PMID: 33069853 PMCID: PMC7561565 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Plebani
- Pediatrics Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia-ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Antonella Meini
- Pediatrics Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia-ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Cattalini
- Pediatrics Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia-ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Vassilios Lougaris
- Pediatrics Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia-ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonella Bugatti
- Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia-ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesca Caccuri
- Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia-ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Arnaldo Caruso
- Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia-ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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15
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Daly M, Long B, Koyfman A, Lentz S. Identifying cardiogenic shock in the emergency department. Am J Emerg Med 2020; 38:2425-2433. [PMID: 33039227 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiogenic shock is difficult to diagnose due to diverse presentations, overlap with other shock states (i.e. sepsis), poorly understood pathophysiology, complex and multifactorial causes, and varied hemodynamic parameters. Despite advances in interventions, mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock remains high. Emergency clinicians must be ready to recognize and start appropriate therapy for cardiogenic shock early. OBJECTIVE This review will discuss the clinical evaluation and diagnosis of cardiogenic shock in the emergency department with a focus on the emergency clinician. DISCUSSION The most common cause of cardiogenic shock is a myocardial infarction, though many causes exist. It is classically diagnosed by invasive hemodynamic measures, but the diagnosis can be made in the emergency department by clinical evaluation, diagnostic studies, and ultrasound. Early recognition and stabilization improve morbidity and mortality. This review will focus on identification of cardiogenic shock through clinical examination, laboratory studies, and point-of-care ultrasound. CONCLUSIONS The emergency clinician should use the clinical examination, laboratory studies, electrocardiogram, and point-of-care ultrasound to aid in the identification of cardiogenic shock. Cardiogenic shock has the potential for significant morbidity and mortality if not recognized early.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Daly
- Division of Emergency Medicine, The University of Vermont Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Brit Long
- SAUSHEC, Emergency Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Alex Koyfman
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, United States of America
| | - Skyler Lentz
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, The University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, United States of America.
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16
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Barrueta Tenhunen A, van der Heijden J, Blokhin I, Massaro F, Hansson HA, Feinstein R, Larsson A, Larsson A, Tenhunen J. The antisecretory peptide AF-16 may modulate tissue edema but not inflammation in experimental peritonitis induced sepsis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232302. [PMID: 32822373 PMCID: PMC7446908 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition due to a dysregulated immunological response to infection. Apart from source control and broad-spectrum antibiotics, management is based on fluid resuscitation and vasoactive drugs. Fluid resuscitation implicates the risk of volume overload, which in turn is associated with longer stay in intensive care, prolonged use of mechanical ventilation and increased mortality. Antisecretory factor (AF), an endogenous protein, is detectable in most tissues and in plasma. The biologically active site of the protein is located in an 8-peptide sequence, contained in a synthetic 16-peptide fragment, named AF-16. The protein as well as the peptide AF-16 has multiple modulatory effects on abnormal fluid transport and edema formation/resolution as well as in a variety of inflammatory conditions. Apart from its' anti-secretory and anti-inflammatory characteristics, AF is an inhibitor of capillary leakage in intestine. It is not known whether the protein AF or the peptide AF-16 can ameliorate symptoms in sepsis. We hypothesized that AF-16 decreases the degree of hemodynamic instability, the need of fluid resuscitation, vasopressor dose and tissue edema in fecal peritonitis. To test the hypothesis, we induced peritonitis and sepsis by injecting autologous fecal solution into abdominal cavity of anesthetized pigs, and randomized (in a blind manner) the animals to intervention (AF-16, n = 8) or control (saline, n = 8) group. After the onset of hemodynamic instability (defined as mean arterial pressure < 60 mmHg maintained for > 5 minutes), intervention with AF-16 (20 mg/kg (50 mg/ml) in 0.9% saline) intravenously (only the vehicle in the control group) and a protocolized resuscitation was started. We recorded respiratory and hemodynamic parameters hourly for twenty hours or until the animal died and collected post mortem tissue samples at the end of the experiment. No differences between the groups were observed regarding hemodynamics, overall fluid balance, lung mechanics, gas exchange or histology. However, liver wet-to-dry ratio remained lower in AF-16 treated animals as compared to controls, 3.1 ± 0.4, (2.7-3.5, 95% CI, n = 8) vs 4.0 ± 0.6 (3.4-4.5, 95% CI, n = 8), p = 0.006, respectively. Bearing in mind the limited sample size, this experimental pilot study suggests that AF-16 may inhibit sepsis induced liver edema in peritonitis-sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelie Barrueta Tenhunen
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Hedenstierna Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jaap van der Heijden
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ivan Blokhin
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fabrizia Massaro
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Hedenstierna Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Cardiac Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Anthea Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Bari, Italy
| | - Hans Arne Hansson
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Ricardo Feinstein
- Department of Pathology and Wildlife Diseases, National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anders Larsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anders Larsson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Hedenstierna Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jyrki Tenhunen
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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17
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Ferderber M, Pruett K. Knee Bruising and Swelling in a Teenager. Am Fam Physician 2020; 102:49-50. [PMID: 32603073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
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18
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Borgers A, Cuppens K, Janssen P, Vanlommel E. A prospective comparative study between a cooling device and manual cooling after total knee arthroplasty. Acta Orthop Belg 2020; 86:287-293. [PMID: 33418620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown that the use of cryotherapy after a total knee arthroplasty can have beneficial effect on blood loss, pain and medication usage. In this study, the effect of the applied cryotherapy procedure is investigated. 52 patients underwent a total knee arthroplasty. The test group received continuous cooling, whereas the control group received manual conventional cooling with ice dressing. The knee circumference and range of motion, medication use, satisfaction and pain were investigated. There is no statistical significant difference in pain and medication usage. A significant difference is observed in the swelling of the knee on the first postoperative day, the range of motion on the 7 th , 10 th , 11 th and 12 th postoperative day, and the satisfaction rate. This study shows that continuous cooling has a positive effect on the swelling and range of motion of the knee, and on the satisfaction of the treatment. Clinical trial registration number : Clinical trial number : EudraCT2015-000259-26.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/adverse effects
- Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/methods
- Bandages
- Cryotherapy/instrumentation
- Cryotherapy/methods
- Edema/etiology
- Edema/physiopathology
- Edema/therapy
- Equipment Design
- Female
- Humans
- Hypothermia, Induced/instrumentation
- Hypothermia, Induced/methods
- Male
- Materials Testing/methods
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/surgery
- Pain Measurement
- Pain, Postoperative/diagnosis
- Pain, Postoperative/physiopathology
- Pain, Postoperative/therapy
- Patient Preference
- Postoperative Care/methods
- Treatment Outcome
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19
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Kitchen P, Salman MM, Halsey AM, Clarke-Bland C, MacDonald JA, Ishida H, Vogel HJ, Almutiri S, Logan A, Kreida S, Al-Jubair T, Winkel Missel J, Gourdon P, Törnroth-Horsefield S, Conner MT, Ahmed Z, Conner AC, Bill RM. Targeting Aquaporin-4 Subcellular Localization to Treat Central Nervous System Edema. Cell 2020; 181:784-799.e19. [PMID: 32413299 PMCID: PMC7242911 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Swelling of the brain or spinal cord (CNS edema) affects millions of people every year. All potential pharmacological interventions have failed in clinical trials, meaning that symptom management is the only treatment option. The water channel protein aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is expressed in astrocytes and mediates water flux across the blood-brain and blood-spinal cord barriers. Here we show that AQP4 cell-surface abundance increases in response to hypoxia-induced cell swelling in a calmodulin-dependent manner. Calmodulin directly binds the AQP4 carboxyl terminus, causing a specific conformational change and driving AQP4 cell-surface localization. Inhibition of calmodulin in a rat spinal cord injury model with the licensed drug trifluoperazine inhibited AQP4 localization to the blood-spinal cord barrier, ablated CNS edema, and led to accelerated functional recovery compared with untreated animals. We propose that targeting the mechanism of calmodulin-mediated cell-surface localization of AQP4 is a viable strategy for development of CNS edema therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Kitchen
- School of Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Mootaz M Salman
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul 41002, Iraq
| | - Andrea M Halsey
- Neuroscience and Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Charlotte Clarke-Bland
- School of Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Justin A MacDonald
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Hiroaki Ishida
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Hans J Vogel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Sharif Almutiri
- Neuroscience and Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ann Logan
- Neuroscience and Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Stefan Kreida
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University, PO Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Tamim Al-Jubair
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University, PO Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Julie Winkel Missel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pontus Gourdon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, PO Box 118, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Matthew T Conner
- School of Sciences, Research Institute in Healthcare Science, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK
| | - Zubair Ahmed
- Neuroscience and Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Alex C Conner
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Roslyn M Bill
- School of Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK.
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20
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Wall R, Garcia G, Läubli T, Seibt R, Rieger MA, Martin B, Steinhilber B. Physiological changes during prolonged standing and walking considering age, gender and standing work experience. Ergonomics 2020; 63:579-592. [PMID: 32009579 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2020.1725145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Occupational standing is associated with musculoskeletal and venous disorders. The aim was to investigate whether lower leg oedema and muscle fatigue development differ between standing and walking and whether age, gender and standing work habituation are factors to consider. Sixty participants (15 young females, 15 young males, 15 older males, and 15 young males habituated to standing work) were included and required to stand/walk for 4.5 hours in three periods with two seated breaks. Waterplethysmography/bioelectrical impedance, muscle twitch force and surface electromyography were used to assess lower leg swelling (LLS) and muscle fatigue as well as gastrocnemius muscle activity, respectively. While standing led to LLS and muscle fatigue, walking did not. Low-level medial gastrocnemius activity was not continuous during standing. No significant influence of age, gender and standing habituation was observed. Walking can be an effective prevention measure to counteract the detrimental effects of quasi-static standing.Practitioner summary: Prolonged standing leads to lower leg oedema and muscle fatigue while walking does not. The primary cause of fatigue may be in other muscles than the medial gastrocnemius. Walking may be an effective prevention measure for health risks of occupational standing when included intermittently.Abbreviation: BI: bioelectrical impedance; LLS: lower leg swelling; SEMG: surface electromyography; MTF: muscle twitch force; WP: waterplethysmography; Bsl: Baseline; L: Lunch; E: Evening; MTM: method times measurement; EA: electrical activity; IQR: interquartile range; p: percentile; M: mean; SE: standard error; Adj: adjusted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf Wall
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Gabriela Garcia
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Sensory-Motor Systems Lab, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Industrial Engineering Department, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Thomas Läubli
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Sensory-Motor Systems Lab, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert Seibt
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Monika A Rieger
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Bernard Martin
- Industrial and Operations Engineering Center for Ergonomics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Benjamin Steinhilber
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
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Perry TA, Parkes MJ, Hodgson RJ, Felson DT, Arden NK, O'Neill TW. Association between Bone marrow lesions & synovitis and symptoms in symptomatic knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2020; 28:316-323. [PMID: 31877381 PMCID: PMC10536782 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bone marrow lesions (BMLs) on MRI are typically subchondral in location, however, a proportion occur at knee ligament attachments and also include a cyst-like component. Our aim was to determine whether the volume of BML subtypes and synovial tissue volume (STV) was associated with symptoms in symptomatic knee OA. METHOD Images were acquired in a sub-sample who had taken part in a randomised trial of vitamin D therapy in knee OA (UK-VIDEO). Contrast-enhanced (CE) MRI was performed annually. In those who had ≥1 follow-up and a baseline scan (N = 50), STV and BML volume was assessed. BMLs were categorised by location and by the presence/absence of a cyst-like component. WOMAC was assessed annually. We used fixed-effects panel-regression modelling to examine the association between volume and symptoms. RESULTS There was no association between knee pain and total subchondral BML volume (b = 0.3 WOMAC units, 95% CI -0.3 to 1.0) or total ligament-based BML volume (b = 1.9, 95% CI -1.6 to 5.3). The volume of subchondral BMLs with a cyst-like component was not associated with pain (b = 0.8, 95% CI -0.5 to 2.1) however, the volume of the cyst-like component itself was associated with pain (b = 51.8, 95% CI 14.2 to 89.3). STV was associated with pain (b = 2.2, 95% CI 0.6 to 3.7). CONCLUSION The volume of the cyst-like component from subchondral BMLs with a cyst-like component was associated with knee pain. BML location, however, did not influence symptoms. STV was also associated with knee symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Perry
- Centre for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - M J Parkes
- Centre for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
| | - R J Hodgson
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - D T Felson
- Centre for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK; Clinical Epidemiology Research and Training Unit Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - N K Arden
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton University, Southampton, UK.
| | - T W O'Neill
- Centre for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK; Department of Rheumatology, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK.
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22
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Gavrilov SG, Moskalenko YP. Does pelvic congestion syndrome influence symptoms of chronic venous disease of the lower extremities? Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2019; 243:83-86. [PMID: 31675634 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2019.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study was aimed at assessing the influence of pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS) on the clinical manifestations of chronic venous disease (CVD) of the lower extremities in patients with concomitant varicose veins of the pelvis and lower extremities. STUDY DESIGN We examined clinically and with duplex ultrasound 30 women with varicose veins of the lower extremity only (VVLE) and another 45 women with VVLE and concomitant varicose veins of the pelvis (VVP) causing symptoms of the pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS). All patients had chronic venous disease (CVD) of class C2 (n = 47) or C3 (n = 28) according to the CEAP classification. All patients underwent duplex ultrasound (DUS) of the lower extremities and pelvis. Based on the clinical examination and DUS findings, the patients were allocated into two groups: group 1 (n = 30 patients with isolated VVLE without the signs of PCS and pelvic veins lesions) and group 2 (n = 45 patients with concomitant PCS, VVP and VVLE). The rates and severity of varicose, pain, and edema syndromes, and leg heaviness were assessed. RESULTS The patients of the group 2 had significantly more severe clinical manifestations of CVD, 4 times higher risk of leg pain (odds ratio [OR] 4.23; 95% CI 1.57-11.39), 7 times higher risk of leg edema (OR 7.42; 95% CI 2.23-24.78), 5 times higher risk of leg heaviness (OR 5.3; 95% CI 1.85-15.07), and in general 2 times more severe varicose veins, compared with the group 1. CONCLUSION The PCS is associated with an increase in the incidence and severity of the CVD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Gavrilov
- Savelyev University Surgical Clinic, Medical Faculty, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 10/5 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Ye P Moskalenko
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Savelyev University Surgical Clinic, Medical Faculty, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 10/5 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow, Russia.
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23
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Takahashi Y, Iwano H, Nakano I, Fukushima A, Naya M, Shimizu A, Matsuno Y, Oyama-Manabe N, Anzai T. POEMS Syndrome Showing Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Extracellular Edema Assessed by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Intern Med 2019; 58:2539-2543. [PMID: 31118405 PMCID: PMC6761353 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.2842-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Although cardiac involvement is rare in polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M protein, and skin changes (POEMS) syndrome, the clinical course becomes considerably worse on complication with cardiac lesions. The increased release of various cytokines has been observed in the pathogenesis of POEMS syndrome, and serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels are known to be associated with the disease activity. We herein report a patient with POEMS syndrome who showed left ventricular systolic dysfunction and was treated with lenalidmide therapy. Of note, the reduction in extracellular edema in the left ventricular wall was clearly visualized by changes in the native T1 values and extracellular volumes on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Takahashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Iwano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan
| | - Ippei Nakano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan
| | - Arata Fukushima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan
| | - Masanao Naya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan
| | - Ai Shimizu
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Matsuno
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Japan
| | - Noriko Oyama-Manabe
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Anzai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan
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Lin CN, Hsiao CT, Chang CP, Huang TY, Hsiao KY, Chen YC, Fann WC. The Relationship Between Fluid Accumulation in Ultrasonography and the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Patients with Necrotizing Fasciitis. Ultrasound Med Biol 2019; 45:1545-1550. [PMID: 31031033 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2019.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Necrotizing fasciitis is a severe soft-tissue infection with a high mortality rate. There is little literature on the relationship between the ultrasonographic finding of fluid accumulation along the deep fascia and the diagnosis and prognosis of necrotizing fasciitis. This retrospective study showed that when fluid accumulation was present along the deep fascia, patients with clinically suspected necrotizing fasciitis had a higher probability of having necrotizing fasciitis. The ultrasonographic finding of fluid accumulation with a cutoff point of more than 2 mm of depth had the best accuracy (72.7%) for diagnosing necrotizing fasciitis. In regard to the prognosis of necrotizing fasciitis, when fluid accumulation was present along the deep fascia, patients with necrotizing fasciitis had a longer length of hospital stay and were at risk of amputation or mortality. Ultrasonography is a point-of-care imaging tool that facilitates the diagnosis and prognosis of necrotizing fasciitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Nan Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ting Hsiao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Peng Chang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Yu Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Yu Hsiao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan; Department of Optometry, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chuan Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chih Fann
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Nagayama I, Masuda T, Nakagawa S, Murakami T, Ohara K, Matsuoka R, Kobayashi T, Maeshima A, Akimoto T, Saito O, Muto S, Nagata D. Different Effects on Fluid Distribution between Tolvaptan and Furosemide in a Liver Cirrhosis Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease. Intern Med 2019; 58:1587-1591. [PMID: 30713322 PMCID: PMC6599930 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.2174-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A 73-year-old man with liver cirrhosis and advanced chronic kidney disease was admitted to our hospital due to bilateral lower leg edema and appetite loss. Furosemide to treat fluid retention markedly decreased extracellular water compared with intracellular water, but the addition of tolvaptan equally decreased both with a greater diuretic response than furosemide alone. Furthermore, tolvaptan administration increased the plasma colloid osmotic pressure, which might facilitate the shift of fluid from the extravascular space to the intravascular space. This is the first case showing different effects on the fluid distribution between furosemide and additional tolvaptan in the same patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Nagayama
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Takahiro Masuda
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Saki Nakagawa
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Takuya Murakami
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Ken Ohara
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Ryo Matsuoka
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Takahisa Kobayashi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Akito Maeshima
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Tetsu Akimoto
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Osamu Saito
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Muto
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nagata
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Japan
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Mohammad GRKS, Tabrizi MH, Ardalan T, Yadamani S, Safavi E. Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles and evaluation of anti-angiogenesis, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity properties. J Biosci 2019; 44:30. [PMID: 31180043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) were synthesized using the extract of Hyssops officinalis L. via green method and confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy techniques. In the in vivo section, the anti-angiogenesis and antiinflammatory properties of the NPs were evaluated by the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay and mouse paw edema test (induced by carrageenan), respectively. In the in vitro section, changes in the expression of angiogenesis genes (VEGF and VEGFR) and inflammatory genes (IL-1B and IL-10) were investigated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction technique. In order to evaluate the cytotoxicity of ZnO-NPs, 3-5, 4-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -5, 2-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) test was used on MDA-MB231 breast adenocarcinoma cell line. The results of the CAM assay showed that the ZnO-NPs significantly reduced the number and length of blood vessels, as well as the size and weight of the embryos. Evaluation of mouse paw edema showed that the NPs are able to decrease inflammation. Changes in the expression pattern of VEGF and VEGFR genes in MCF7 cells showed that the NPs have inhibitory effect on the expression of both genes. Expression levels of IL-10 and IL-1B genes also increased and decreased, respectively. The MTT test showed that the NP have the ability to decrease breast cancer cells. In conclusion, our results confirm that the ZnO-NPs synthesized by green method have promising anti-cancer properties.
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27
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Schroder̈ A, Gerin A, Firth GB, Hoffmann KS, Grieve A, von Sochaczewski CO. A systematic review of necrotising fasciitis in children from its first description in 1930 to 2018. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:317. [PMID: 30975101 PMCID: PMC6458701 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-3941-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Necrotising fasciitis is a rapidly progressing soft-tissue infection with a low incidence that carries a relevant risk of morbidity and mortality. Although necrotising fasciitis is often fatal in adults, its case fatality rate seems to be lower in children. A highly variable clinical presentation makes the diagnosis challenging, which often results in misdiagnosis and time-delay to therapy. METHODS We conducted a protocol-based systematic review to identify specific features of necrotising fasciitis in children aged one month to 17 years. We searched 'PubMed', 'Web of Science' and 'SCOPUS' for relevant literature. Primary outcomes were incidence and case fatality rates in population-based studies, and skin symptoms on presentation. We also assessed signs of systemic illness, causative organisms, predisposing factors, and reconstructive procedures as secondary outcomes. RESULTS We included five studies reporting incidence and case fatality rates, two case-control studies, and 298 cases from 195 reports. Incidence rates varied between 0.022 and 0.843 per 100,000 children per year with a case-fatality rate ranging from 0% to 14.3%. The most frequent skin symptoms were erythema (58.7%; 175/298) and swelling (48%; 143/298), whereas all other symptoms occurred in less than 50% of cases. The majority of cases had fever (76.7%; 188/245), but other signs of systemic illness were present in less than half of the cohort. Group-A streptococci accounted for 44.8% (132/298) followed by Gram-negative rods in 29.8% (88/295), while polymicrobial infections occurred in 17.3% (51/295). Extremities were affected in 45.6% (136/298), of which 73.5% (100/136) occurred in the lower extremities. Skin grafts were necessary in 51.6% (84/162) of the pooled cases, while flaps were seldom used (10.5%; 17/162). The vast majority of included reports originate from developed countries. CONCLUSIONS Clinical suspicion remains the key to diagnose necrotising fasciitis. A combination of swelling, pain, erythema, and a systemic inflammatory response syndrome might indicate necrotising fasciitis. Incidence and case-fatality rates in children are much smaller than in adults, although there seems to be a relevant risk of morbidity indicated by the high percentage of skin grafts. Systematic multi-institutional research efforts are necessary to improve early diagnosis on necrotising fasciits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Schroder̈
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Marienkrankenhaus Bergisch-Gladbach, Dr.-Robert-Koch-Straße 18, Bergisch-Gladbach, D-51465 Germany
| | - Aurelié Gerin
- Department of Paediatrics, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 26 Chris Hani Road, Johannesburg, ZA-1860 South Africa
| | - Gregory B. Firth
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 26 Chris Hani Road, Johannesburg, ZA-1860 South Africa
| | - Kelly S. Hoffmann
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, NL-9713 The Netherlands
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 26 Chris Hani Road, Johannesburg, ZA-1860 South Africa
| | - Andrew Grieve
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 26 Chris Hani Road, Johannesburg, ZA-1860 South Africa
| | - Christina Oetzmann von Sochaczewski
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 26 Chris Hani Road, Johannesburg, ZA-1860 South Africa
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinderchirurgie, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, Mainz, D-55131 Germany
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28
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Borman P, Moffatt C, Murray S, Yaman A, Denizli M, Dalyan M, Unsal-Delialioğlu S, Eyigör S, Ayhan F, Duyur Çakıt B, Vural S, Özdemir O, Kurt E, Çelik EC, Cerrahoğlu L, Kepekçi M, Terzioğlu F, Donmez AA. LIMPRINT Study: The Turkish Experience. Lymphat Res Biol 2019; 17:202-210. [PMID: 30995192 PMCID: PMC6639105 DOI: 10.1089/lrb.2019.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lymphedema and chronic edema is a major health care problem in both developed and nondeveloped countries The Lymphoedema Impact and Prevelance - International (LIMPRINT) study is an international health service-based study to determine the prevalence and functional impact in adult populations of member countries of the International Lymphoedema Framework (ILF). Methods and Results: A total of 1051 patients from eight centers in Turkey were recruited using the LIMPRINT study protocol. Data were collected using the core and module tools that assess the demographic and clinical properties as well as disability and quality of life (QoL). Most of the Turkish patients were recruited from specialist lymphedema services and were found to be women, housewives, and having secondary lymphedema because of cancer treatment. The duration of lymphedema was commonly <5 years and most of them had International Society of Lymphology (ISL) grade 2 lymphedema. Cellulitis, infection, and wounds were uncommon. The majority of patients did not get any treatment or advice before. Most of the patients had impaired QoL and decreased functionality, but psychological support was neglected. Although most had social health security access to lymphedema centers, nevertheless access seemed difficult because of distance and cost. Conclusion: The study has shown the current status and characteristics of lymphedema patients, treatment conditions, the unmet need for the diagnosis and treatment, as well as burden of the disease in both patients and families in Turkey. National health policies are needed for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment in Turkey that utilize this informative data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinar Borman
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR), University of Hacettepe Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
- Lymphedema Research and Practice Center, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Christine Moffatt
- Department of Nursing, School of Social Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Aysegul Yaman
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR), University of Hacettepe Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Merve Denizli
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR), University of Hacettepe Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meltem Dalyan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR), Ankara Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sibel Unsal-Delialioğlu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR), Ankara Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sibel Eyigör
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Ege, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Figen Ayhan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR), Ankara Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burcu Duyur Çakıt
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR), Ankara Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Secil Vural
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR), Ankara Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Oya Özdemir
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR), University of Hacettepe Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
- Lymphedema Research and Practice Center, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Eda Kurt
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Ahi Evran, Kırşehir, Turkey
| | - Evrim Coşkun Çelik
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR), İstanbul Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Lale Cerrahoğlu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Celal Bayar, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Müge Kepekçi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR), Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Fusun Terzioğlu
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Atılım University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Arikan Donmez
- Lymphedema Research and Practice Center, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, University of Hacettepe Faculty of Nursing, Ankara, Turkey
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29
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Dowdy SC. Enhanced recovery after surgery for ovarian cancer. Clin Adv Hematol Oncol 2019; 17:217-219. [PMID: 31188812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sean C Dowdy
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
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30
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Moeller AL, Hjortdal VE, Boedtkjer DMB, Boedtkjer E. Acidosis inhibits rhythmic contractions of human thoracic ducts. Physiol Rep 2019; 7:e14074. [PMID: 31025551 PMCID: PMC6483936 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymph vessels counteract edema by transporting interstitial fluid from peripheral tissues to the large veins and serve as conduits for immune cells, cancer cells, and pathogens. Because edema during inflammation and malignancies is frequently associated with acidosis, we tested the hypothesis that acid-base disturbances affect human thoracic duct contractions. We studied, by isometric and isobaric myography, the contractile function of human thoracic duct segments harvested with written informed consent from patients undergoing esophageal cancer surgery. Human thoracic ducts produce complex contractile patterns consisting of tonic rises in tension (isometric myography) or decreases in diameter (isobaric myography) with superimposed phasic contractions. Active tone development decreases substantially (~90% at 30 vs. 7 mmHg) at elevated transmural pressure. Acidosis inhibits spontaneous as well as noradrenaline- and serotonin-induced phasic contractions of human thoracic ducts by 70-90% at extracellular pH 6.8 compared to 7.4 with less pronounced effects observed at pH 7.1. Mean tension responses to noradrenaline and serotonin - averaged over the entire period of agonist exposure - decrease by ~50% at extracellular pH 6.8. Elevating extracellular [K+ ] from the normal resting level around 4 mmol/L increases overall tension development but reduces phasic activity to a level that is no different between human thoracic duct segments investigated at normal and low extracellular pH. In conclusion, we show that extracellular acidosis inhibits human thoracic duct contractions with more pronounced effects on phasic than tonic contractions. We propose that reduced phasic activity of lymph vessels at low pH attenuates lymph propulsion and increases the risk of edema formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Donna M. B. Boedtkjer
- Department of BiomedicineAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
- Department of Clinical MedicineAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
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31
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Berdasco C, Pinto A, Calabró V, Arenas D, Cangelosi A, Geoghegan P, Evelson P, Goldstein J. Shiga toxin 2 from enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli induces reactive glial cells and neurovascular disarrangements including edema and lipid peroxidation in the murine brain hippocampus. J Biomed Sci 2019; 26:16. [PMID: 30732602 PMCID: PMC6366040 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-019-0509-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shiga toxin 2 from enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli is the etiologic agent of bloody diarrhea, hemolytic uremic syndrome and derived encephalopathies that may result to death in patients. Being a Gram negative bacterium, lipopolysaccharide is also released. Particularly, the hippocampus has been found affected in patients intoxicated with Shiga toxin 2. In the current work, the deleterious effects of Shiga toxin 2 and lipopolysaccharide are investigated in detail in hippocampal cells for the first time in a translational murine model, providing conclusive evidences on how these toxins may damage in the observed clinic cases. METHODS Male NIH mice (25 g) were injected intravenously with saline solution, lipopolysaccharide, Shiga toxin 2 or a combination of Shiga toxin 2 with lipopolysaccharide. Brain water content assay was made to determine brain edema. Another set of animals were intracardially perfused with a fixative solution and their brains were subjected to immunofluorescence with lectins to determine the microvasculature profile, and anti-GFAP, anti-NeuN, anti-MBP and anti-Iba1 to study reactive astrocytes, neuronal damage, myelin dysarrangements and microglial state respectively. Finally, the Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances Assay was made to determine lipid peroxidation. In all assays, statistical significance was performed using the One-way analysis of variance followed by Bonferroni post hoc test. RESULTS Systemic sublethal administration of Shiga toxin 2 increased the expressions of astrocytic GFAP and microglial Iba1, and decreased the expressions of endothelial glycocalyx, NeuN neurons from CA1 pyramidal layer and oligodendrocytic MBP myelin sheath from the fimbria of the hippocampus. In addition, increased interstitial fluids and Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances-derived lipid peroxidation were also found. The observed outcomes were enhanced when sublethal administration of Shiga toxin 2 was co-administered together with lipopolysaccharide. CONCLUSION Systemic sublethal administration of Shiga toxin 2 produced a deterioration of the cells that integrate the vascular unit displaying astrocytic and microglial reactive profiles, while edema and lipid peroxidation were also observed. The contribution of lipopolysaccharide to pathogenicity caused by Shiga toxin 2 resulted to enhance the observed hippocampal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Berdasco
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica ‘‘Houssay” (IFIBIO), Laboratorio de Neurofisiopatología, Facultad de Medicina, Paraguay 2155 piso 7, 1121 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alipio Pinto
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica ‘‘Houssay” (IFIBIO), Laboratorio de Neurofisiopatología, Facultad de Medicina, Paraguay 2155 piso 7, 1121 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Valeria Calabró
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - David Arenas
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica ‘‘Houssay” (IFIBIO), Laboratorio de Neurofisiopatología, Facultad de Medicina, Paraguay 2155 piso 7, 1121 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adriana Cangelosi
- Centro Nacional de Control de Calidad de Biológicos (CNCCB), ANLIS “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán”, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia Geoghegan
- Centro Nacional de Control de Calidad de Biológicos (CNCCB), ANLIS “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán”, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo Evelson
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Química Analítica y Fisicoquímica, Cátedra de Química General e Inorgánica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorge Goldstein
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica ‘‘Houssay” (IFIBIO), Laboratorio de Neurofisiopatología, Facultad de Medicina, Paraguay 2155 piso 7, 1121 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Fudim M, Parikh KS, Dunning A, DeVore AD, Mentz RJ, Schulte PJ, Armstrong PW, Ezekowitz JA, Tang WHW, McMurray JJV, Voors AA, Drazner MH, O'Connor CM, Hernandez AF, Patel CB. Relation of Volume Overload to Clinical Outcomes in Acute Heart Failure (From ASCEND-HF). Am J Cardiol 2018; 122:1506-1512. [PMID: 30172362 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to study whether jugular venous distension (JVD) and peripheral edema were associated with worse outcomes in patients with acute heart failure in the Acute Study of Clinical Effectiveness of Nesiritide in Decompensated Heart Failure trial. Of 7,141 patients in Acute Study of Clinical Effectiveness of Nesiritide in Decompensated Heart Failure, 7,135 had complete data on baseline JVD and peripheral edema status. Patients were grouped according to baseline examination findings: (1) no JVD or peripheral edema; (2) JVD only; (3) peripheral edema only; (4) JVD and peripheral edema. We used unadjusted and adjusted logistic or Cox regression analyses to assess associations between groups and the outcomes of index length of stay (LOS), in-hospital mortality, 30- and 180-day all-cause mortality. Patients with peripheral edema (Groups 3 and 4) had higher body mass index, NT-proBNP and BNP values, and more co-morbid disease, and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction compared with patients in Groups 1-2. The median (25th-75th) LOS for Groups 1-4 was 6 (4-9), 5 (4-8), 7 (4-11), and 6 days (4-10), respectively. For the 30-day and 180-day outcomes, adjusted analyses found no significant difference in risk for patients presenting with JVD only or peripheral edema only as compared with patients without evidence of JVD or peripheral edema (p >0.05 for all). The presence of both JVD and peripheral edema was associated with an adjusted 24% increase in risk for all-cause mortality at 30 days, but no risk difference at 180 days. In conclusion, in patients with heart failure presenting to the hospital with dyspnea, the presence of peripheral edema is associated with a longer hospital LOS, but no difference in short- and long-term clinical outcomes when compared with patients wihout peripheral edema. The combination of peripheral edema and JVD identifies the highest risk cohort for poor clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marat Fudim
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina.
| | | | | | - Adam D DeVore
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Robert J Mentz
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Paul W Armstrong
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta
| | | | | | - John J V McMurray
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Adriaan A Voors
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mark H Drazner
- Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | | | | | - Chetan B Patel
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina
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Suh CH, Yun SJ, Jin W, Lee SH, Park SY, Ryu CW. Diagnostic performance of dual-energy CT for the detection of bone marrow oedema: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Radiol 2018; 28:4182-4194. [PMID: 29679212 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-018-5411-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of dual-energy CT (DECT) for the detection of bone marrow oedema (BME). METHODS An electronic search of the PubMed and EMBASE databases was conducted. Bivariate modelling and hierarchical summary receiver-operating characteristic modelling were performed to evaluate the overall diagnostic performance of DECT for BME. Subgroup analysis was performed according to the assessment type (qualitative vs. quantitative) and anatomical location (spine vs. appendicular skeleton). Meta-regression analyses were performed according to the subject, study, and DECT characteristics. RESULTS Twelve eligible studies (1901 lesions, 450 patients) were included. DECT exhibited a pooled sensitivity of 0.85 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.78-0.90] and a pooled specificity of 0.97 (95% CI: 0.92-0.98) for BME detection. In addition, the diagnostic performance of qualitative assessment (sensitivity, 0.85; specificity, 0.97) was higher than that of quantitative assessment (sensitivity, 0.84; specificity, 0.88) of DECT findings. The diagnostic performance of DECT for the spine (sensitivity, 0.84; specificity, 0.98) and appendicular skeleton (sensitivity, 0.84; specificity, 0.93) were excellent. According to meta-regression analysis, the use of a tin filter, ≥ 2 image planes, and a slice thickness < 1 mm tended to exhibit higher sensitivity and hyperacute stage BME (< 24 h) tended to exhibit lower sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that DECT has excellent sensitivity and specificity for BME detection. Qualitative assessment of DECT findings obtained using a tin filter, ≥ 2 image planes, and a 0.5-1-mm slice thickness in the acute stage BME (≥24 h) is recommended for more sensitive diagnosis. KEY POINTS • Overall, DECT is useful for the detection of BME (sensitivity, 85%; specificity-97%). • Qualitative assessment (sensitivity-85%; specificity-97%) is more accurate than quantitative assessment (sensitivity-84%; specificity-88%). • DECT showed excellent diagnostic performance for both the spine/appendicular skeleton (sensitivity-84%/84%; specificity-98%/93%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Hyun Suh
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Jong Yun
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, 892 Dongnam-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, 05278, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Wook Jin
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, 892 Dongnam-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, 05278, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Hwa Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, 1342 Dongil-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01757, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Park
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, 892 Dongnam-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, 05278, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Woo Ryu
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, 892 Dongnam-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, 05278, Republic of Korea
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Hamsted Olsen JH, Öberg S, Rosenberg J. [Use of compression stockings during flights]. Ugeskr Laeger 2018; 180:V02180137. [PMID: 30274571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Flights longer than four hours pose a risk of venous thromboembolism in the general population, and the risk increases when additional risk factors are present. Compression stockings have proven beneficial on deep as well as superficial vein thrombosis and oedema during long-haul flights, without causing side effects or discomfort. However, no data exist for flights shorter than four hours. Passengers can use compression stockings as general prophylaxis, and this should be recommended based on an assessment of endogenous risk factors and the duration of the travel.
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Zaleska MT, Olszewski WL. Indocyanine green near-infrared lymphangiography for evaluation of effectiveness of edema fluid flow under therapeutic compression. J Biophotonics 2018; 11:e201700150. [PMID: 28727323 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201700150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The commonly used modalities for therapy of limb lymphedema are manual lymphatic drainage, manual devices moving edema fluid and intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC). What seems to be necessary for validation of the effect of the compression procedure is imaging of the mobilized moving edema fluid. Picture of edema fluid flow would allow the therapist to use force adjusted to the tissue volume and stiffness differing in various limb regions as well as identify sites of abundant accumulation of fluid requiring more compression. The purpose of the present study was to visualize tissue edema fluid flow during manual drainage, Linforoll massage, IPC and bandaging. To obtain data how high compression pressures should be used to mobilize indocyanine green (ICG)-stained fluid, concomitantly tissue fluid pressure measurements were performed. The following observations were obtained: (1) the possibility of real-time observation of edema fluid movement using various compression modalities, (2) the threshold pressures necessary to move edema fluid to be over 80 mm Hg in the compression device and over 40 mm Hg in the tissue fluid and (3) inefficacy of compression in some cases despite applying high compression force. These observations point to the need of ICG lymphangiography before compression therapy in each patient. The images observed during the compression procedure give an insight into the distribution of edema fluid, sites of its accumulation and efficacy of applied external force on fluid mobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzanna T Zaleska
- Department of Applied Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences and Central Clinical Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Waldemar L Olszewski
- Department of Applied Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences and Central Clinical Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
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Zaleska MT, Olszewski WL. Imaging lymphatics in human normal and lymphedema limbs-Usefulness of various modalities for evaluation of lymph and edema fluid flow pathways and dynamics. J Biophotonics 2018; 11:e201700132. [PMID: 28858432 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201700132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The human lymphatic system morphology and function still remain largely unknown to clinicians and biologists. How does the lymphatic vascular system look like in comparison to the blood transport system, how does lymph flow, where does capillary filtrate accumulate in cases with lymphatic obstruction caused by inflammation, trauma, and cancer therapy, remain as basic questions. Visualization of the lymphatic pathways and dynamics of lymph flow, and in cases of obstruction, the localization of the capillary filtrate/edema fluid accumulation becomes indispensable. The contemporary methods only partly meet these requirements. Since the early 1950s of the 20th century only few specific clinical methods of imaging of limb lymphatics are being used in human clinic. Each of the applied modalities provides different images due to different physical chemistry and distribution of tracer, methods used for its detection in tissues, their sensitivity and specificity and clinical type of lymph vessel pathology. Here, the advantages and disadvantages of the most commonly used 3 methods of imaging: the iodinated oil X-ray, isotopic, and fluorescent lympangiographies are presented. The study is based on retrospective and recent collections of lymphangiograms from large cohorts of patients. Imaging of lymph nodes has not been included as it is requiring different interpretation compared with vessels. Composite evaluation of X-ray, isotopic, and fluorescent lymphographic images or, as it is practiced now the isotope and indocyanine green near infrared lymphographies, provide most clinically important information. Special attention was directed at methods enabling early diagnosis of imminent lymphedema especially in cases with cancer therapy-related lymphedema. Groups of typical images obtained with the 3 methods are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzanna T Zaleska
- Department of Applied Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences and Central Clinical Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Waldemar L Olszewski
- Department of Applied Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences and Central Clinical Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
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Aati HY, El-Gamal AA, Kayser O, Ahmed AF. The Phytochemical and Biological Investigation of Jatropha pelargoniifolia Root Native to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Molecules 2018; 23:E1892. [PMID: 30060587 PMCID: PMC6222854 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23081892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive phytochemical analysis of different root fractions of Jatropha pelargoniifolia Courb. (Euphorbiaceae) has resulted in the isolation and identification of 22 secondary metabolites. 6-hydroxy-8-methoxycoumarin-7-O-β-d-glycopyranoside (15) and 2-hydroxymethyl N-methyltryptamine (18) were isolated and identified as new compounds along with the known diterpenoid (1, 3, 4, and 7), triterpenoid (2 and 6), flavonoid (5, 11, 13, 14, and 16), coumarinolignan (8⁻10), coumarin (15), pyrimidine (12), indole (17, 18), and tyramine-derived molecules (19⁻22). The anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activities were evaluated for fifteen of the adequately available isolated compounds (1⁻6, 8⁻11, 13, 14, 16, 21, and 22). Seven (4, 6, 10, 5, 13, 16, and 22) of the tested compounds showed a significant analgesic effect ranging from 40% to 80% at 10 mg/kg in two in vivo models. Compound 1 could also prove its analgesic property (67.21%) when it was evaluated on a third in vivo model at the same dose. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was also recorded where all compounds showed the ability to scavenge nitric oxide (NO) radical in a dose-dependent manner. However, eight compounds (1, 4, 5, 6, 10, 13, 16, and 22) out of the fifteen tested compounds exhibited considerable in vivo anti-inflammatory activity which reached 64.91% for compound 10 at a dose of 10 mg/kg. Moreover, the tested compounds exhibited an antipyretic effect in a yeast-induced hyperthermia in mice. The activity was found to be highly pronounced with compounds 1, 5, 6, 10, 13, and 16 which decreased the rectal temperature to about 37 °C after 2 h of the induced hyperthermia (~39 °C) at a dose of 10 mg/kg. This study could provide scientific evidence for the traditional use of J. pelargoniifolia as an anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Y Aati
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ali A El-Gamal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Oliver Kayser
- Technical Biochemistry, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Strasse 66, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Atallah F Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
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Moharram FAE, Al-Gendy AA, El-Shenawy SM, Ibrahim BM, Zarka MA. Phenolic profile, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, anti-ulcerogenic and hepatoprotective activities of Pimenta racemosa leaves. BMC Complement Altern Med 2018; 18:208. [PMID: 29976187 PMCID: PMC6034294 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2260-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pimenta racemosa tree has many traditional uses where its leaves are used as herbal tea for treatment of flatulence, gastric disorder, osteoarthritis, colds and fever in addition to its analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. So, this study aimed to isolate phenolic constituents of 80% aqueous methanol extract (AME) of leaves and evaluate its biological activities. METHODS The defatted AME was chromatographed and structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated using UV, NMR spectroscopy and UPLC-ESI-MS analysis. Antioxidant activity was investigated using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using carrageenan - induced paw oedema, while antinociceptive activity was determined by chemical and thermal stimuli. Anti-ulcerogenic effect of AME against gastric damage induced by ethanol in Wister male albino rats was evaluated. Also, hepatoprotective activity was investigated through determination of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) following oral administration of paracetamol. Both of Anti-ulcerogenic and hepatoprotective activities (125, 250 and 500 mg/kg b.wt.) were supported by histopathological examinations. RESULTS Gallic acid (1), methyl gallate (2), avicularin (3), quercetin 3-O-β-D-arbinopyranoside (4), quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), quercetrin (6), cynaroside (7), strictinin (8), castalagin (9), grandinin (10) quercetin (11) and ellagic acid (12) were isolated. AME showed significant radical scavenging activity (SC50 = 4.6 μg/mL), promising anti-inflammatory effect through inhibition of oedema and antinociceptive activity by reduction in number of writhes after acetic acid injection and prolongation of reaction time towards the thermal stimulus. AME reduced the gastric mucosal lesions compared with ethanol control and ranitidine groups, ALT at the three doses and AST only at 125 and 250 mg/kg b.wt., when compared with paracetamol group. The results were confirmed by histopathological studies. CONCLUSION P. racemosa leaves are rich in phenolic compounds and showed significant biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amal Amin Al-Gendy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519 Egypt
| | | | - Bassant M. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, 12622 Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Zarka
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern Sciences and Arts University, 6 October City, Egypt
- Present Address: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt
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Li Y, Gu R, Zhu Q, Liu J. Changes of Spinal Edema and Expression of Aquaporin 4 in Methylprednisolone-treated Rats with Spinal Cord Injury. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2018; 48:453-459. [PMID: 30143486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to investigate the impact of methylprednisolone (MP) on the expression of Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) and spinal edema in rats with acute spinal cord injury (ASCI). Sprague-Dawley (SD) Wistar rats were randomly divided into the following groups: control (C), sham operation (S), ASCI, and MP-treated. After the ASCI model was induced and prepared, 30 mg/kg MP was injected via the tail vein, on postoperative days 1, 3, and 7. The Tarlov scoring method was used to evaluate the neurological outcome; spinal water content was measured using the wet/dry weight method; spinal pathological changes were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and the expression of AQP4 was detected using Western blot. Compared to the S group, the motor nerve functional score (MNFS) was significantly lower in the ASCI group. Furthermore, their spinal water content and AQP4 expression was also significantly higher (P<0.05). Moreover, compared with the ASCI group, the MNFS, spinal water content, and AQP4 expression of the MP group was significantly lower (P<0.05). The ASCI groups showed severe, perivascular and neuronal edema, a reduction in the neuron number, shrinkage of the nuclei, necrosis of some spinal tissue white matter degeneration, and the formation of numerous cysts and vacuoles. In the MP group, the spinal gray matter and white matter had much clearer borders, with reduced bleeding range and karyopyknosis. Furthermore, this group showed improved perivascular and neuronal edema and an even distribution of intranuclear chromatins. MP inhibited spinal edema in rats with ASCI, which might be related to the reduced AQP4 expression in spinal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Rui Gu
- Department of Orthopaedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qingsan Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jingchen Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Park S, Lee CJ, Jhee JH, Yun HR, Kim H, Jung SY, Kee YK, Yoon CY, Park JT, Kim HC, Han SH, Kang SW, Park S, Yoo TH. Extracellular Fluid Excess Is Significantly Associated With Coronary Artery Calcification in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease. J Am Heart Assoc 2018; 7:e008935. [PMID: 29960990 PMCID: PMC6064889 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.008935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular fluid (ECF) excess is an independent predictor of cardiovascular morbidity in patients undergoing dialysis. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between ECF status, which is affected by renal function, and coronary artery calcification (CAC), which is a marker of cardiovascular disease, in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 1741 patients at all stages of pre-dialysis CKD from the prospective observational cohort of CMERC-HI (Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Etiology Research Center-High Risk) were analyzed for the association between ECF status and CAC. ECF status was defined as extracellular water-to-total body water ratio (ECW/TBW) measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis. ECF excess was defined as ECW/TBW ≥0.390 or ≥0.400 depending on its severity. To define CAC, Agatston coronary artery calcium scores were measured. A total coronary artery calcium score of ≥400 was defined as CAC. The CKD stages were defined according to estimated glomerular filtration rate calculated using the CKD Epidemiology Collaboration equation. ECW/TBW and the proportion of ECF excess increased with progressing CKD stages. Multivariable logistic regression analyses showed that ECW/TBW was independently associated with CAC (per 0.01 increase of ECW/TBW, odds ratio 1.168, 95% confidence interval, 1.079-1.264, P<0.001). The adjusted R2 for predicting higher coronary artery calcium scores and CAC significantly improved after ECW/TBW was added to conventional factors. This association was further confirmed by net reclassification and integrated discriminant improvements, sensitivity analysis, and subgroup analysis. CONCLUSIONS ECF status is independently associated with a high risk of CAC in patients with CKD. STUDY REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/. Unique identifier: NCT02003781.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seohyun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan Joo Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Hyun Jhee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae-Ryong Yun
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyoungnae Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su-Young Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youn Kyung Kee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Yun Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Tak Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeon Chang Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Hyeok Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shin-Wook Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sungha Park
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Hyun Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Sawai A, Tochigi Y, Kavaliova N, Zaboronok A, Warashina Y, Mathis BJ, Mesaki N, Shiraki H, Watanabe K. MRI reveals menstrually-related muscle edema that negatively affects athletic agility in young women. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191022. [PMID: 29364948 PMCID: PMC5783373 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Context About 10% of Japanese female athletes are afflicted by menstrually-related edema, mainly in the lower limbs, and, with few studies on this problem, the effect on performance remains unclear. Objective To quantitatively evaluate fluid retention in the calf in female students over their menstrual cycle using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to determine the relationship of MRI changes and athletic performance. Design The menstrual cycle was divided into 5 phases: menstrual, follicular, ovulatory, early luteal, and late luteal with sampling done in either morning (AM) or afternoon (PM) sessions. At each phase, MRI of the calf (7:00–8:00, 14:00–16:00), body composition and hormones (7:00–8:00), and athletic performance (14:00–16:00) were evaluated. Participants 13 adult healthy Japanese female students with eumenorrhea. Results Estradiol levels decreased significantly in the menstrual phase and the follicular phase compared to the early luteal phase (P = 0.001, P = 0.024 respectively). Menstrual phase estradiol levels were significantly lower compared to the ovulatory phase (P = 0.015), and the late luteal phase (P = 0.003). Progesterone levels decreased significantly in the menstrual phase and the follicular phase compared to the ovulatory phase (P = 0.012, P = 0.009 respectively), the early luteal phase (both P = 0.007), and the late luteal phase (P = 0.028, P = 0.029 respectively), and it along with a significant decrease in the ovulatory phase compared to the early luteal phase (P = 0.010). AM T2 signals were significantly lower in the menstrual phase compared to the ovulatory phase (P = 0.043) but not other phases. PM T2 signals increased significantly in the menstrual phase compared to the follicular phase (P = 0.003), ovulatory phase (P = 0.009), and the late luteal phase (P = 0.032), and the difference between the AM and PM values increased significantly in the menstrual phase compared to the other 4 phases (P<0.01). A negative correlation between fluid retention and agility was observed. Conclusion In female students fluid retention during the menstrual phase could be a factor that influences athletic agility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akemi Sawai
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yuriko Tochigi
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | - Alexander Zaboronok
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- * E-mail: (AZ); (KW)
| | - Yuki Warashina
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Bryan J. Mathis
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Noboru Mesaki
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shiraki
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Koichi Watanabe
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- * E-mail: (AZ); (KW)
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Murton OM, Hillman RE, Mehta DD, Semigran M, Daher M, Cunningham T, Verkouw K, Tabtabai S, Steiner J, Dec GW, Ausiello D. Acoustic speech analysis of patients with decompensated heart failure: A pilot study. J Acoust Soc Am 2017; 142:EL401. [PMID: 29092550 PMCID: PMC5724620 DOI: 10.1121/1.5007092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This pilot study used acoustic speech analysis to monitor patients with heart failure (HF), which is characterized by increased intracardiac filling pressures and peripheral edema. HF-related edema in the vocal folds and lungs is hypothesized to affect phonation and speech respiration. Acoustic measures of vocal perturbation and speech breathing characteristics were computed from sustained vowels and speech passages recorded daily from ten patients with HF undergoing inpatient diuretic treatment. After treatment, patients displayed a higher proportion of automatically identified creaky voice, increased fundamental frequency, and decreased cepstral peak prominence variation, suggesting that speech biomarkers can be early indicators of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia M Murton
- Center for Laryngeal Surgery and Voice Rehabilitation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA , ,
| | - Robert E Hillman
- Center for Laryngeal Surgery and Voice Rehabilitation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA , ,
| | - Daryush D Mehta
- Center for Laryngeal Surgery and Voice Rehabilitation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA , ,
| | - Marc Semigran
- Institute for Heart, Vascular and Stroke Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA , , , , , , ,
| | - Maureen Daher
- Institute for Heart, Vascular and Stroke Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA , , , , , , ,
| | - Thomas Cunningham
- Institute for Heart, Vascular and Stroke Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA , , , , , , ,
| | - Karla Verkouw
- Institute for Heart, Vascular and Stroke Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA , , , , , , ,
| | - Sara Tabtabai
- Institute for Heart, Vascular and Stroke Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA , , , , , , ,
| | - Johannes Steiner
- Institute for Heart, Vascular and Stroke Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA , , , , , , ,
| | - G William Dec
- Institute for Heart, Vascular and Stroke Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA , , , , , , ,
| | - Dennis Ausiello
- Institute for Heart, Vascular and Stroke Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA , , , , , , ,
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Garg P, Broadbent DA, Swoboda PP, Foley JR, Fent GJ, Musa TA, Ripley DP, Erhayiem B, Dobson LE, McDiarmid AK, Haaf P, Kidambi A, Crandon S, Chew PG, van der Geest RJ, Greenwood JP, Plein S. Extra-cellular expansion in the normal, non-infarcted myocardium is associated with worsening of regional myocardial function after acute myocardial infarction. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2017; 19:73. [PMID: 28946878 PMCID: PMC5613621 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-017-0384-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expansion of the myocardial extracellular volume (ECV) is a surrogate measure of focal/diffuse fibrosis and is an independent marker of prognosis in chronic heart disease. Changes in ECV may also occur after myocardial infarction, acutely because of oedema and in convalescence as part of ventricular remodelling. The objective of this study was to investigate changes in the pattern of distribution of regional (normal, infarcted and oedematous segments) and global left ventricular (LV) ECV using semi-automated methods early and late after reperfused ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). METHODS Fifty patients underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging acutely (24 h-72 h) and at convalescence (3 months). The CMR protocol included: cines, T2-weighted (T2 W) imaging, pre-/post-contrast T1-maps and LGE-imaging. Using T2 W and LGE imaging on acute scans, 16-segments of the LV were categorised as normal, oedema and infarct. 800 segments (16 per-patient) were analysed for changes in ECV and wall thickening (WT). RESULTS From the acute studies, 325 (40.6%) segments were classified as normal, 246 (30.8%) segments as oedema and 229 (28.6%) segments as infarct. Segmental change in ECV between acute and follow-up studies (Δ ECV) was significantly different for normal, oedema and infarct segments (0.8 ± 6.5%, -1.78 ± 9%, -2.9 ± 10.9%, respectively; P < 0.001). Normal segments which demonstrated deterioration in wall thickening at follow-up showed significantly increased Δ ECV compared with normal segments with preserved wall thickening at follow up (1.82 ± 6.05% versus -0.10 ± 6.88%, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Following reperfused STEMI, normal myocardium demonstrates subtle expansion of the extracellular volume at 3-month follow up. Segmental ECV expansion of normal myocardium is associated with worsening of contractile function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Garg
- Division of Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM) & Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - David A. Broadbent
- Division of Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM) & Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
- Medical Physics and Engineering, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Peter P. Swoboda
- Division of Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM) & Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - James R.J. Foley
- Division of Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM) & Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - Graham J. Fent
- Division of Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM) & Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - Tarique A. Musa
- Division of Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM) & Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - David P. Ripley
- Division of Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM) & Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - Bara Erhayiem
- Division of Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM) & Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - Laura E. Dobson
- Division of Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM) & Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - Adam K. McDiarmid
- Division of Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM) & Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - Philip Haaf
- Division of Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM) & Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - Ananth Kidambi
- Division of Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM) & Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - Saul Crandon
- Division of Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM) & Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - Pei G. Chew
- Division of Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM) & Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - R. J. van der Geest
- Division of Image Processing, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - John P. Greenwood
- Division of Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM) & Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - Sven Plein
- Division of Biomedical Imaging, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM) & Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
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Fallahzadeh R, Pedram M, Ghasemzadeh H. SmartSock: a wearable platform for context-aware assessment of ankle edema. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2017; 2016:6302-6306. [PMID: 28269690 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2016.7592169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ankle edema an important symptom for monitoring patients with chronic systematic diseases. It is an important indicator of onset or exacerbation of a variety of diseases that disturb cardiovascular, renal, or hepatic system such as heart, liver, and kidney failure, diabetes, etc. The current approaches toward edema assessment are conducted during clinical visits. In-clinic assessments, in addition to being burdensome and expensive, are sometimes not reliable and neglect important contextual factors such as patient's physical activity level and body posture. A novel wearable sensor, namely SmartSock, equipped with accelerometer and flexible stretch sensor embedded in clothing is presented. SmartSock is powered by advanced machine learning, signal processing, and correlation techniques to provide real-time, reliable, and context-rich information in remote settings. Our experiments on human subjects indicate high confidence in activity and posture recognition (with an accuracy of > 96%) as well as reliable edema quantification with intra-class correlation and Pearson correlation of 0.97.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Gain-of-function mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel (Nav1.5) are associated with the long-QT-3 (LQT3) syndrome. Nav1.5 is densely expressed at the intercalated disk, and narrow intercellular separation can modulate cell-to-cell coupling via extracellular electric fields and depletion of local sodium ion nanodomains. Models predict that significantly decreasing intercellular cleft widths slows conduction because of reduced sodium current driving force, termed "self-attenuation." We tested the novel hypothesis that self-attenuation can "mask" the LQT3 phenotype by reducing the driving force and late sodium current that produces early afterdepolarizations (EADs). METHODS AND RESULTS Acute interstitial edema was used to increase intercellular cleft width in isolated guinea pig heart experiments. In a drug-induced LQT3 model, acute interstitial edema exacerbated action potential duration prolongation and produced EADs, in particular, at slow pacing rates. In a computational cardiac tissue model incorporating extracellular electric field coupling, intercellular cleft sodium nanodomains, and LQT3-associated mutant channels, myocytes produced EADs for wide intercellular clefts, whereas for narrow clefts, EADs were suppressed. For both wide and narrow clefts, mutant channels were incompletely inactivated. However, for narrow clefts, late sodium current was reduced via self-attenuation, a protective negative feedback mechanism, masking EADs. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated a novel mechanism leading to the concealing and revealing of EADs in LQT3 models. Simulations predict that this mechanism may operate independent of the specific mutation, suggesting that future therapies could target intercellular cleft separation as a compliment or alternative to sodium channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amara Greer-Short
- From the Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke (A.G.-S., S.A.G., S.P.); and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (S.H.W.)
| | - Sharon A George
- From the Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke (A.G.-S., S.A.G., S.P.); and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (S.H.W.)
| | - Steven Poelzing
- From the Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke (A.G.-S., S.A.G., S.P.); and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (S.H.W.).
| | - Seth H Weinberg
- From the Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke (A.G.-S., S.A.G., S.P.); and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (S.H.W.).
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Tewes S, Gueler F, Chen R, Gutberlet M, Jang MS, Meier M, Mengel M, Hartung D, Wacker F, Rong S, Hueper K. Functional MRI for characterization of renal perfusion impairment and edema formation due to acute kidney injury in different mouse strains. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173248. [PMID: 28319118 PMCID: PMC5358739 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose was to characterize acute kidney injury (AKI) in C57BL/6 (B6)- and 129/Sv (Sv)-mice by noninvasive measurement of renal perfusion and tissue edema using functional MRI. Methods Different severities of AKI were induced in B6- and Sv-mice by renal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI). Unilateral clamping of the renal pedicle for 35 min (moderate AKI) or 45 min (severe AKI) was done. MRI (7-Tesla) was performed 1, 7 and 28 days after surgery using a flow alternating inversion recovery (FAIR) arterial spin labeling (ASL) sequence. Maps of perfusion and T1-relaxation time were calculated. Relative MRI-parameters of the IRI kidney compared to the contralateral not-clipped kidney were compared between AKI severities and between mouse strains using unpaired t-tests. In addition, fibrosis was assessed by Masson Trichrome and collagen IV staining. Results After moderate AKI relative perfusion impairment was significantly higher in B6- than in Sv-mice at d7 (55±7% vs. 82±8%, p<0.05) and d28 (76±7% vs. 102±3%, p<0.01). T1-values increased in the early phase after AKI in both mouse strains. T1-increase was more severe after prolonged ischemia times of 45 min compared to 35 min in both mouse strains, measured in the renal cortex and outer stripe of outer medulla. Kidney volume loss (compared to the contralateral kidney) occurred already after 7 days but proceeded markedly towards 4 weeks in severe AKI. Early renal perfusion impairment was predictive for later kidney volume loss. The progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the severe AKI model was similar in both mouse strains as revealed by histology. Conclusion Quantification of renal perfusion and tissue edema by functional MRI allows characterization of strain differences upon AKI. Renal perfusion impairment was stronger in B6- compared to Sv-animals following moderate AKI. Prolonged ischemia times were associated with more severe perfusion impairment and edema formation in the early phase and progression to CKD within 4 weeks of observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Tewes
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Faikah Gueler
- Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Rongjun Chen
- Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marcel Gutberlet
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mi-Sun Jang
- Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Meier
- Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Mengel
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Dagmar Hartung
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Frank Wacker
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Song Rong
- Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- The Transplantation Center of the affiliated hospital, Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Katja Hueper
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Abstract
Diseases characterized by recurrent symptoms with prolonged intervals without any clinical manifestations can pose diagnostic difficulties. Some diagnoses will be obvious but other situations can be very challenging.To nosologically delineate a new entity characterized by recurrent flares of induration of the forearms and legs with swelling of the extremities accompanied by intense fatigue and variable other symptoms.Retrospective observational study of patients recorded from 2000 to 2015. All patients included were seen during a consultation at the Dermatology Department of the University Hospital of Strasbourg, France. We retrieved the medical records from patients seen and recorded over the last 16 years having induration of the extremities, the forearm and the legs occurring between 4 and 12 hours after a physical effort accompanied by systemic signs that lasted for a few days. We analyzed in detail the clinical and biological features, evolution, and treatments of these patients.We included 6 males, with a mean age of 47 years; mean age at disease onset was 42. All patients were initially misdiagnosed as having rheumatic disorders. The mean delay before diagnosis was 5 years. The main complaint was painful induration or muscle soreness of the forearms and the legs associated with transient functional impairment and prolonged asthenia for a mean duration of 3.5 days. Induration of the deep soft tissues was very suggestive of myofasciitis. The delay between the triggering physical effort and the swelling was between 6 and 12 hours. Physical effort as triggering factor was never spontaneously mentioned. Two patients had partial response to high dose antihistamines and 2 other patients to the interleukin-1 inhibitor anakinra. One patient responded to hydroxychloroquine.The very stereotypical presentation in those 6 patients suggests that this is a recognizable entity characterized by effort-induced induration of forearms and/or legs, due to deep edematous myofascial involvement, occurring a few hours after a physical effort. We suggest to name this entity delayed effort-induced swelling with myofasciitis and systemic manifestations.
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48
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Adolfsson L, Povlsen B. Arthroscopic Findings in Wrists with Severe Post-Traumatic Pain despite Normal Standard Radiographs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 29:208-13. [PMID: 15142688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsb.2003.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2002] [Accepted: 12/18/2003] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed the role of diagnostic arthroscopy following a wrist injury in patients with normal standard radiographs, an unclear clinical diagnosis and persistent severe pain at 4 to 12 weeks. Forty-three patients were included after conservative management had failed to improve their wrist pain so that a stability test could be performed satisfactorily and underwent arthroscopy within 12 weeks. Arthroscopy revealed recent pathology in 41 wrists, of which 17 had significant ligament lesions that might have benefited from acute repair. We conclude that patients with marked persistent post-traumatic symptoms despite conservative management are likely to have sustained ligament injuries despite normal radiographs. We therefore recommend that under these circumstances an arthroscopy is carried out within 4 weeks if the patient and surgeon wish to acutely repair significant ligament injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Adolfsson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Hand and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
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49
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Jalalzadeh M, Ghadiani MH. Kidney Failure Due to Abdominal Compartment Syndrome Following Snakebite. Iran J Kidney Dis 2017; 11:66-69. [PMID: 28174355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of snakebite complications is challenging, as it is difficult to distinguish what kind of antivenins should be used. Kidney failure as a result of rhabdomyolysis or hemolysis may happen due to accumulated fluids that increase the pressure in the abdomen. This case report describes acute kidney failure probably due to intra-abdominal hypertension following an unknown bite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Jalalzadeh
- Department of Nephrology, Loghman-Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Wang Y, Li GH, Liu XY, Xu L, Wang SS, Zhang XM. IN VIVO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS OF TARAXASTEROL AGAINST ANIMAL MODELS. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med 2016; 14:43-51. [PMID: 28480383 PMCID: PMC5411885 DOI: 10.21010/ajtcam.v14i1.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese medicine Taraxacum officinale has been widely used to treat various inflammatory diseases. Taraxasterol is one of the main active components isolated from Taraxacum officinale. Recently, we have demonstrated that taraxasterol has the in vitro anti-inflammatory effects. This study aims to determine the in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of taraxasterol against animal models. MATERIALS AND METHODS Anti-inflammatory effects were assessed in four animal models by using dimethylbenzene-induced mouse ear edema, carrageenan-induced rat paw edema, acetic acid-induced mouse vascular permeability and cotton pellet-induced rat granuloma tests. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that taraxasterol dose-dependently attenuated dimethylbenzene-induced mouse ear edema and carrageenan-induced rat paw edema, decreased acetic acid-induced mouse vascular permeability and inhibited cotton pellet-induced rat granuloma formation. CONCLUSION Our finding indicates that taraxasterol has obvious in vivo anti-inflammatory effects against animal models. It will provide experimental evidences for the traditional use of Taraxacum officinale and taraxasterol in inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Agricultural College of Yanbian University, China
| | - Guan-Hao Li
- Agricultural College of Yanbian University, China
| | - Xin-Yu Liu
- Agricultural College of Yanbian University, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Agricultural College of Yanbian University, China
| | - Sha-Sha Wang
- Agricultural College of Yanbian University, China
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