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Dücker R, Zöllner P, Lümmen P, Ries S, Collavo A, Beffa R. Glutathione transferase plays a major role in flufenacet resistance of ryegrass (Lolium spp.) field populations. Pest Manag Sci 2019; 75:3084-3092. [PMID: 30920141 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herbicides inhibiting the synthesis of very long-chain fatty acids (HRAC group K3 , WSSA group 15), such as flufenacet, play an important role in weed management strategies, particularly when herbicide resistance to inhibitors with other modes of action, such as acetolactate synthase or acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase), has already evolved. So far, only a few cases of resistance towards inhibitors of the synthesis of very long-chain fatty acids have been described. In this study, we characterized the level of flufenacet resistance in several Lolium spp. field populations and investigated the resistance mechanism. RESULTS The screening for flufenacet resistance revealed the ability of Lolium spp. populations from several continents to survive flufenacet treatments at and above the field rate. This study demonstrates the way in which flufenacet is detoxified in resistant weed populations. Glutathione was found to be conjugated to flufenacet in Lolium spp. seedlings, and there was evidence that glutathione transferase activity was enhanced in protein extracts from flufenacet-resistant seedlings. A significant correlation was found between the resistance factor obtained by biotests and the degradation half-time of flufenacet in ryegrass plants obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). CONCLUSION At present, flufenacet resistance is not widespread; however, in certain Lolium spp. populations resistance levels could reach agronomic relevance due to detoxification by glutathione transferases. In Europe especially, only a few herbicide modes of action are registered for the control of Lolium spp. and therefore it is becoming increasingly important to apply best management practices to prevent the spread of flufenacet resistance. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecka Dücker
- Department of Crop Sciences, Division of General Plant Pathology and Crop Protection, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, Industrial Park Höchst, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Peter Zöllner
- Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, Industrial Park Höchst, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Peter Lümmen
- Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, Industrial Park Höchst, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Susanne Ries
- Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, Industrial Park Höchst, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Alberto Collavo
- Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, Industrial Park Höchst, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Roland Beffa
- Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, Industrial Park Höchst, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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Peterson MA, Collavo A, Ovejero R, Shivrain V, Walsh MJ. The challenge of herbicide resistance around the world: a current summary. Pest Manag Sci 2018; 74:2246-2259. [PMID: 29222931 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Herbicide-resistant weeds have been observed since the early years of synthetic herbicide development in the 1950s and 1960s. Since that time there has been a consistent increase in the number of cases of herbicide resistance and the impact of herbicide-resistant weeds. Although the nature of crop production varies widely around the world, herbicides have become a primary tool for weed control in most areas. Dependence on herbicides continues to increase as global populations migrate away from rural areas to cities and the agricultural labor force declines. This increased use of herbicides and the concurrent selection pressure have resulted in a rise in cases of multiple resistance, leaving some farmers with few or no herbicide options for certain weed infestations. Global population and economic forces drive many farmer choices regarding crop production and weed control. The challenge is how to insert best management practices into the decision-making process while addressing various economic and regulatory needs. This review endeavors to provide a current overview of herbicide resistance challenges in the major crop production areas of the world and discusses some research initiatives designed to address portions of the problem. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Michael J Walsh
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Narrabri, Australia
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Panozzo S, Colauzzi M, Scarabel L, Collavo A, Rosan V, Sattin M. iMAR: An Interactive Web-Based Application for Mapping Herbicide Resistant Weeds. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135328. [PMID: 26266545 PMCID: PMC4534039 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Herbicides are the major weed control tool in most cropping systems worldwide. However, the high reliance on herbicides has led to environmental issues as well as to the evolution of herbicide-resistant biotypes. Resistance is a major concern in modern agriculture and early detection of resistant biotypes is therefore crucial for its management and prevention. In this context, a timely update of resistance biotypes distribution is fundamental to devise and implement efficient resistance management strategies. Here we present an innovative web-based application called iMAR (interactive MApping of Resistance) for the mapping of herbicide resistant biotypes. It is based on open source software tools and translates into maps the data reported in the GIRE (Italian herbicide resistance working group) database of herbicide resistance at national level. iMAR allows an automatic, easy and cost-effective updating of the maps a nd provides two different systems, "static" and "dynamic". In the first one, the user choices are guided by a hierarchical tree menu, whereas the latter is more flexible and includes a multiple choice criteria (type of resistance, weed species, region, cropping systems) that permits customized maps to be created. The generated information can be useful to various stakeholders who are involved in weed resistance management: farmers, advisors, national and local decision makers as well as the agrochemical industry. iMAR is freely available, and the system has the potential to handle large datasets and to be used for other purposes with geographical implications, such as the mapping of invasive plants or pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Panozzo
- National Research Council (CNR)—Institute of Agro-environmental and Forest Biology (IBAF), Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | | | - Laura Scarabel
- National Research Council (CNR)—Institute of Agro-environmental and Forest Biology (IBAF), Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Alberto Collavo
- National Research Council (CNR)—Institute of Agro-environmental and Forest Biology (IBAF), Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Valentina Rosan
- National Research Council (CNR)—Institute of Agro-environmental and Forest Biology (IBAF), Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Maurizio Sattin
- National Research Council (CNR)—Institute of Agro-environmental and Forest Biology (IBAF), Legnaro (PD), Italy
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Robust protocols to test putative herbicide resistant weed populations at whole plant level are essential to confirm the resistance status. The presented protocols, based on whole-plant bioassays performed in a greenhouse, can be readily adapted to a wide range of weed species and herbicides through appropriate variants. Seed samples from plants that survived a field herbicide treatment are collected and stored dry at low temperature until used. Germination methods differ according to weed species and seed dormancy type. Seedlings at similar growth stage are transplanted and maintained in the greenhouse under appropriate conditions until plants have reached the right growth stage for herbicide treatment. Accuracy is required to prepare the herbicide solution to avoid unverifiable mistakes. Other critical steps such as the application volume and spray speed are also evaluated. The advantages of this protocol, compared to others based on whole plant bioassays using one herbicide dose, are related to the higher reliability and the possibility of inferring the resistance level. Quicker and less expensive in vivo or in vitro diagnostic screening tests have been proposed (Petri dish bioassays, spectrophotometric tests), but they provide only qualitative information and their widespread use is hindered by the laborious set-up that some species may require. For routine resistance testing, the proposed whole plant bioassay can be applied at only one herbicide dose, so reducing the costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Panozzo
- Institute of Agro-environmental and Forest Biology (IBAF), National Research Council (CNR), Italy
| | - Laura Scarabel
- Institute of Agro-environmental and Forest Biology (IBAF), National Research Council (CNR), Italy
| | - Alberto Collavo
- Institute of Agro-environmental and Forest Biology (IBAF), National Research Council (CNR), Italy
| | - Maurizio Sattin
- Institute of Agro-environmental and Forest Biology (IBAF), National Research Council (CNR), Italy;
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Abstract
Robust protocols to test putative herbicide resistant weed populations at whole plant level are essential to confirm the resistance status. The presented protocols, based on whole-plant bioassays performed in a greenhouse, can be readily adapted to a wide range of weed species and herbicides through appropriate variants. Seed samples from plants that survived a field herbicide treatment are collected and stored dry at low temperature until used. Germination methods differ according to weed species and seed dormancy type. Seedlings at similar growth stage are transplanted and maintained in the greenhouse under appropriate conditions until plants have reached the right growth stage for herbicide treatment. Accuracy is required to prepare the herbicide solution to avoid unverifiable mistakes. Other critical steps such as the application volume and spray speed are also evaluated. The advantages of this protocol, compared to others based on whole plant bioassays using one herbicide dose, are related to the higher reliability and the possibility of inferring the resistance level. Quicker and less expensive in vivo or in vitro diagnostic screening tests have been proposed (Petri dish bioassays, spectrophotometric tests), but they provide only qualitative information and their widespread use is hindered by the laborious set-up that some species may require. For routine resistance testing, the proposed whole plant bioassay can be applied at only one herbicide dose, so reducing the costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Panozzo
- Institute of Agro-environmental and Forest Biology (IBAF), National Research Council (CNR), Italy
| | - Laura Scarabel
- Institute of Agro-environmental and Forest Biology (IBAF), National Research Council (CNR), Italy
| | - Alberto Collavo
- Institute of Agro-environmental and Forest Biology (IBAF), National Research Council (CNR), Italy
| | - Maurizio Sattin
- Institute of Agro-environmental and Forest Biology (IBAF), National Research Council (CNR), Italy;
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Collavo A, Strek H, Beffa R, Sattin M. Management of an ACCase-inhibitor-resistant Lolium rigidum population based on the use of ALS inhibitors: weed population evolution observed over a 7 year field-scale investigation. Pest Manag Sci 2013; 69:200-8. [PMID: 23225328 DOI: 10.1002/ps.3449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Revised: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A 7 year experiment was set up in 2002 to evaluate the long-term effects of weed management strategies based on graminicidal sulfonylureas (SUs) on the evolution of a Lolium rigidum population resistant to ACCase inhibitors in a continuous wheat cropping system. The strategies included the continued use of ALS inhibitors, the continued application of ACCase inhibitors and a simple resistance management strategy based on a biennial rotation of herbicide mode of action (MoA). RESULTS The efficacy of the tested SUs in the field decreased significantly, starting from the fourth treatment in all control strategies. Regardless of control strategy, the few survivors of the ALS treatment in the third season produced a significant number of ACCase- and ALS-resistant (multiple-resistant) progeny. Continuous ALS and biennial rotation of herbicides reduced weed densities, but L. rigidum conserved its ACCase resistance trait. Enhanced metabolism was detected in ALS-resistant plants, whereas target site was primarily involved in the ACCase-resistant individuals. CONCLUSION At the end of the experiment, multiple-resistant individuals were found in all samples coming from the control strategies investigated. The biennial rotation between ALS and other MoA appeared to delay the development of resistance to SUs over continuous treatments, but additional measures will likely need to be taken in order to make this sustainable in the long term, whereas the field efficacy of SUs remained relatively high until the end of the experiment. Integrated weed management with more diversity should be introduced in oversimplified cropping systems in order to sustainably manage resistant L. rigidum populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Collavo
- Institute of Agro-environmental and Forest Biology, IBAF-CNR, Legnaro (PD), Italy
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Ge X, d'Avignon DA, Ackerman JJH, Collavo A, Sattin M, Ostrander EL, Hall EL, Sammons RD, Preston C. Vacuolar glyphosate-sequestration correlates with glyphosate resistance in ryegrass (Lolium spp.) from Australia, South America, and Europe: a 31P NMR investigation. J Agric Food Chem 2012; 60:1243-50. [PMID: 22224711 DOI: 10.1021/jf203472s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Lolium spp., ryegrass, variants from Australia, Brazil, Chile, and Italy showing differing levels of glyphosate resistance were examined by (31)P NMR. Extents of glyphosate (i) resistance (LD(50)), (ii) inhibition of 5-enopyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) activity (IC(50)), and (iii) translocation were quantified for glyphosate-resistant (GR) and glyphosate-sensitive (GS) Lolium multiflorum Lam. variants from Chile and Brazil. For comparison, LD(50) and IC(50) data for Lolium rigidum Gaudin variants from Italy were also analyzed. All variants showed similar cellular uptake of glyphosate by (31)P NMR. All GR variants showed glyphosate sequestration within the cell vacuole, whereas there was minimal or no vacuole sequestration in the GS variants. The extent of vacuole sequestration correlated qualitatively with the level of resistance. Previous (31)P NMR studies of horseweed ( Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist) revealed that glyphosate sequestration imparted glyphosate resistance. Data presented herein suggest that glyphosate vacuolar sequestration is strongly contributing, if not the major contributing, resistance mechanism in ryegrass as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Ge
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
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Yu Q, Collavo A, Zheng MQ, Owen M, Sattin M, Powles SB. Diversity of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase mutations in resistant Lolium populations: evaluation using clethodim. Plant Physiol 2007; 145:547-58. [PMID: 17720757 PMCID: PMC2048730 DOI: 10.1104/pp.107.105262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibiting cyclohexanedione herbicide clethodim is used to control grass weeds infesting dicot crops. In Australia clethodim is widely used to control the weed Lolium rigidum. However, clethodim-resistant Lolium populations have appeared over the last 5 years and now are present in many populations across the western Australian wheat (Triticum aestivum) belt. An aspartate-2078-glycine (Gly) mutation in the plastidic ACCase enzyme has been identified as the only known mutation endowing clethodim resistance. Here, with 14 clethodim-resistant Lolium populations we revealed diversity and complexity in the molecular basis of resistance to ACCase-inhibiting herbicides (clethodim in particular). Several known ACCase mutations (isoleucine-1781-leucine [Leu], tryptophan-2027-cysteine [Cys], isoleucine-2041-asparagine, and aspartate-2078-Gly) and in particular, a new mutation of Cys to arginine at position 2088, were identified in plants surviving the Australian clethodim field rate (60 g ha(-1)). Twelve combination patterns of mutant alleles were revealed in relation to clethodim resistance. Through a molecular, biochemical, and biological approach, we established that the mutation 2078-Gly or 2088-arginine endows sufficient level of resistance to clethodim at the field rate, and in addition, combinations of two mutant 1781-Leu alleles, or two different mutant alleles (i.e. 1781-Leu/2027-Cys, 1781-Leu/2041-asparagine), also confer clethodim resistance. Plants homozygous for the mutant 1781, 2078, or 2088 alleles were found to be clethodim resistant and cross resistant to a number of other ACCase inhibitor herbicides including clodinafop, diclofop, fluazifop, haloxyfop, butroxydim, sethoxydim, tralkoxydim, and pinoxaden. We established that the specific mutation, the homo/heterozygous status of a plant for a specific mutation, and combinations of different resistant alleles plus herbicide rates all are important in contributing to the overall level of herbicide resistance in genetically diverse, cross-pollinated Lolium species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yu
- Western Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative, School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
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