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Szczypka M, Lis M, Kuczkowski M, Bobrek K, Pawlak A, Zambrowicz A, Gaweł A, Obmińska-Mrukowicz B. Yolkin, a Polypeptide Complex from Egg Yolk, Affects Cytokine Levels and Leukocyte Populations in Broiler Chicken Blood and Lymphoid Organs after In Ovo Administration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17494. [PMID: 38139323 PMCID: PMC10743580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Yolkin is a polypeptide complex isolated from hen egg yolk that exhibits immunomodulating properties. The aim of the present study was to determine whether in-ovo-delivered yolkin affects leukocyte populations and cytokine levels in broiler chickens. The experiment was carried out on eggs from Ross 308 broiler breeder birds. Yolkin was administered in ovo on the 18th day of incubation, once, at the following three doses: 1, 10, or 100 µg/egg. The immunological parameters were assessed in 1-, 7-, 14-, 21-, 28-, 35-, and 42-day-old birds kept under farming conditions and routinely vaccinated. The leukocyte populations were determined in the thymus, spleen, and blood. The cytokine (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-10) levels were determined in the plasma of the broiler chickens. Each experimental group included eight birds. The most pronounced effect of yolkin was an increase in the population of T cells, both CD4+ and CD8+, mainly in the blood. This effect on the lymphocyte subsets may be valuable regarding chicken immune responses, mainly against T-dependent antigens, during infection or after vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Szczypka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (M.L.); (A.P.); (B.O.-M.)
| | - Magdalena Lis
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (M.L.); (A.P.); (B.O.-M.)
| | - Maciej Kuczkowski
- Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Pl. Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wrocław, Poland; (M.K.); (K.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Kamila Bobrek
- Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Pl. Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wrocław, Poland; (M.K.); (K.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Aleksandra Pawlak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (M.L.); (A.P.); (B.O.-M.)
| | - Aleksandra Zambrowicz
- Department of Functional Food Products Development, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-640 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Gaweł
- Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Pl. Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wrocław, Poland; (M.K.); (K.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Bożena Obmińska-Mrukowicz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (M.L.); (A.P.); (B.O.-M.)
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Zambrowicz A, Zabłocka A, Bednarz D, Bobak Ł. Importance for humans of recently discovered protein compounds - yolkin and yolk glycopeptide 40, present in the plasma of hen egg yolk. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102770. [PMID: 37244087 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitellogenin (Vt) is considered the primary protein precursor of egg yolk, serving as a source of protein- and lipid-rich nutrients for the developing embryo. However, recent research has revealed that the functions of Vt and Vt-derived polypeptides, such as yolkin (Y) and yolk glycopeptide 40 (YGP40), extend beyond their nutritional roles as a source of amino acids. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that both Y and YGP40 possess immunomodulatory properties and can contribute to host immune defenses. Additionally, Y polypeptides have been shown to exhibit neuroprotective activity, participating in the modulation of neurons' survival and activity, inhibiting neurodegeneration processes, and improving cognitive functions in rats. These non-nutritional functions not only enhance our understanding of the physiological roles of these molecules during embryonic development but also offer a promising basis for the potential application of these proteins in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Zambrowicz
- Department of Functional Food Products Development, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science, 51-640 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Zabłocka
- Department of Microbiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Dominika Bednarz
- Department of Functional Food Products Development, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science, 51-640 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Łukasz Bobak
- Department of Functional Food Products Development, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science, 51-640 Wrocław, Poland
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Kazana W, Jakubczyk D, Siednienko J, Zambrowicz A, Macała J, Zabłocka A. Mechanism of Molecular Activity of Yolkin-a Polypeptide Complex Derived from Hen Egg Yolk-in PC12 Cells and Immortalized Hippocampal Precursor Cells H19-7. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:2819-2831. [PMID: 36735179 PMCID: PMC10039841 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03246-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Food-derived bioactive peptides able to regulate neuronal function have been intensively searched and studied for their potential therapeutic application. Our previous study showed that a polypeptide complex yolkin, isolated from hen egg yolk as a fraction accompanying immunoglobulin Y (IgY), improved memory and cognitive functions in rats. However, the mechanism activated by the yolkin is not explained. The goal of the present study was to examine what molecular mechanism regulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression is activated by the yolkin complex, using in vitro models of PC12 cell line and fetal rat hippocampal cell line H19-7. It was shown that yolkin increased the proliferative activity of rat hippocampal precursor cells H19-7 cells and upregulated the expression/production of BDNF in a cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-response element-binding protein (CREB)-dependent manner. Additionally the upregulation of carboxypeptidase E/neurotrophic factor-α1 (CPE/(NF-α1) expression was shown. It was also determined that upregulation of CREB phosphorylation by yolkin is dependent on cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A (cAMP/PKA) and phosphoinositide 3-kinases/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway activation. Moreover, the impact of yolkin on the level of intracellular Ca2+, nitric oxide, and activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK 1/2 kinase) was excluded. These results emphasize that yolkin can act comprehensively and in many directions and may participate in the regulation of neurons' survival and activity. Therefore, it seems that the yolkin specimen can be used in the future as a safe, bioavailable, natural nutraceutical helping to improve the cognition of older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioletta Kazana
- Lab. Microbiome Immunobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla 12, 53-114, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Dominika Jakubczyk
- Lab. Microbiome Immunobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla 12, 53-114, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jakub Siednienko
- Bioengineering Research Group, Łukasiewicz Research Network-PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, 54-066, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Zambrowicz
- Department of Functional Food Products Development, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Wrocław, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Józefa Macała
- Lab. Microbiome Immunobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla 12, 53-114, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zabłocka
- Lab. Microbiome Immunobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla 12, 53-114, Wrocław, Poland.
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Zimecki M, Kochanowska I, Zaczyńska E, Kocięba M, Artym J, Zambrowicz A, Matwiejczyk M, Besman M, Kuchar K, Skotnicki A. Immunoregulatory actions of calf thymus extract (TFX®) in vitro in relation to its effect on expression of mitogen activated protein kinases. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:109995. [PMID: 36963263 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
The in vitro immunotropic actions of a calf thymus extract - thymus factor X (TFX®) preparation were investigated. The preparation did not lower the viability of the A549 epithelial cell line and mouse bone marrow cells in the investigated concentration range. TFX® exhibited a co-stimulatory action of concanavalin A (Con A)-induced mouse thymocyte proliferation and partially restored the mitogen-induced proliferation capability of mouse thymocytes exposed to hydrocortisone (HC). The preparation also inhibited Herpes virus-1 (HSV-1) replication in A549 cells when preincubated with the virus and when added to the infected cells. In addition, it weakly inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced TNF α, IL-1β and IL-6 by the THP-1 monocyte cell line. The determination of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) expression in Jurkat T cells revealed strong increases in ERK-2 kinase and p38α subunits. In WEHI 231 immature B cells, TFX® elevated p38α, and had a particularly strong elevating effect on p38γ. In HL-60 myeloblastic cells, the expression of p38α, β and γ was not detectable, almost blocked for p38δ and JNK, but accompanied by an increase in ERK-1. In turn, the effects of TFX® in J744E macrophages resulted in a strong increase in p38γ expression, moderate elevations of ERK and a drop in p38δ. Significant increases in MAPK expression were also found in cells from the lymphoid organs. In the bone marrow cell population, p38α, β and γ, in thymocytes p38α, γ and δ, and in splenocytes p38β and γ, subunit expression was elevated. We conclude that the changes in MAPK expression may be attributed to cell maturation and differentiation, and explain the beneficial therapeutic effects of TFX®.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Zimecki
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Iwona Kochanowska
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ewa Zaczyńska
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Maja Kocięba
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jolanta Artym
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Zambrowicz
- Department of Functional Food Products Development Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Magdalena Matwiejczyk
- Department of Functional Food Products Development Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland; TFX PHARMA Sp. z o.o., Research and Development Department, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Monika Besman
- Department of Functional Food Products Development Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland; TFX PHARMA Sp. z o.o., Research and Development Department, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Karol Kuchar
- TFX PHARMA Sp. z o.o., Research and Development Department, Wrocław, Poland; Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
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Zabłocka A, Bobak Ł, Macała J, Rymaszewska J, Kazana W, Zambrowicz A. Comparative Studies of Yolkin Preparations Isolated from Egg Yolks of Selected Bird Species. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100178. [PMID: 34085749 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The results of our research have proven that yolkin preparations isolated from eggs of different bird species show a high similarity in polypeptide composition. Despite the small differences in protein patterns, all of yolkin preparations showed also strong immunomodulatory activity, comparable with yolkin obtained previously from hen egg yolk. It can therefore be deducted that the presence of this polypeptide complex in the egg is not accidental and performs an important biological function for developing embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Zabłocka
- Laboratory of Microbiome Immunobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53-114, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Łukasz Bobak
- Department of Functional Food Products Development, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Józefa Macała
- Laboratory of Microbiome Immunobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53-114, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Joanna Rymaszewska
- Department of Psychiatry, Wrocław Medical University, Wybrzeże Pasteura 10, 50-367, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Wioletta Kazana
- Laboratory of Microbiome Immunobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53-114, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Zambrowicz
- Department of Functional Food Products Development, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland
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Miedzianka J, Zambrowicz A, Zielińska-Dawidziak M, Drożdż W, Nemś A. Effect of Acetylation on Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Commercial Pumpkin Protein Concentrate. Molecules 2021; 26:1575. [PMID: 33809328 PMCID: PMC8002035 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of acetylation with different doses of acetic anhydride on the chemical composition and chosen functional properties of commercial pumpkin protein concentrate (PPC). The total protein content decreased as compared to unmodified samples. Electrophoretic analysis revealed that in the acetylated pumpkin protein, the content of the heaviest protein (35 kDa) decreased in line with increasing concentrations of modifying reagent. Acetylation of PPC caused a significant increase in water-binding and oil-absorption capacity and for emulsifying properties even at the dose of 0.4 mL/g. Additionally, an increase in foaming capacity was demonstrated for preparations obtained with 2.0 mL/g of acetic anhydride, whereas acetylation with 0.4 and 1.0 mL/g caused a decrease in protein solubility as compared to native PPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Miedzianka
- Department of Food Storage and Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37 Chelmonskiego Street, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (W.D.); (A.N.)
| | - Aleksandra Zambrowicz
- Department of Functional Products Development, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37 Chelmonskiego Street, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Zielińska-Dawidziak
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Analysis, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 48 Mazowiecka Street, 60-623 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Wioletta Drożdż
- Department of Food Storage and Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37 Chelmonskiego Street, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (W.D.); (A.N.)
| | - Agnieszka Nemś
- Department of Food Storage and Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37 Chelmonskiego Street, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (W.D.); (A.N.)
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Obmińska-Mrukowicz B, Szczypka M, Lis M, Pawlak A, Suszko-Pawłowska A, Sysak A, Zambrowicz A, Burster T, Kocięba M, Artym J, Zaczyńska E, Kochanowska I, Zimecki M. Effects of yolkin on the immune response of mice and its plausible mechanism of action. Immunol Lett 2020; 220:21-31. [PMID: 31954800 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Yolkin is a product of proteolytic degradation of vitellogenin, a protein contained in eggs' yolk, with already described procognitive properties. Here, we investigated effects of yolkin on the humoral and cellular immune response in mice, phenotype of cells from lymphoid organs and function of innate immunity cells. In vitro studies included effects of yolkin on mitogen-induced thymocyte proliferation, percentage of CD19 cells in bone marrow cells culture, expression of signaling molecules in Jurkat cells, interleukin 2 receptor (IL-2R) subunits in WEHI 231 cells and susceptibility of these cells to anti-Ig-induced cell death. The results showed that repeatable i.p. injections of yolkin stimulated the humoral immune response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) irrespective of the time of the treatment. On the other hand, yolkin inhibited contact sensitivity to oxazolone. Treatment of mice with yolkin diminished the percentage of double positive cells and increasing the content of single positive CD4+ and CD8+ cells in the thymus. At the same time an increase of percentage of CD19 + B cells in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes was observed. In addition, the protein, given i.p., diminished ex vivo ability to synthesize nitric oxide by resident, peritoneal macrophages, stimulated with lipopolisaccharide (LPS). In vitro studies showed that yolkin increased CD19+ cell content in bone marrow cell population. The protein also enhanced proliferation of thymocytes to concanavalin A and stimulated expression of MAP kinases in Jurkat cells. In WEHI 231 B cell line yolkin caused a loss of IL-2R gamma chain expression, correlated with an increased resistance of these cells to proapoptotic action of anti-Ig antibodies. In conclusion, this is a first demonstration of immunotropic properties of yolkin in in vitro and in vivo tests. The results provide evidence for induction of maturation and stimulatory signals in immature T and B cells by the protein, suggesting its potential role in the development of an embryo's immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bożena Obmińska-Mrukowicz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marianna Szczypka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Magdalena Lis
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Pawlak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Suszko-Pawłowska
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Angelika Sysak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Zambrowicz
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Timo Burster
- Biology Department, School of Science and Technology, Nazarbayev University, Kazakhstan
| | - Maja Kocięba
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jolanta Artym
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ewa Zaczyńska
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Iwona Kochanowska
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Michał Zimecki
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland.
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Miedzianka J, Pęksa A, Nemś A, Drzymała K, Zambrowicz A, Kowalczewski P. Trypsin inhibitor, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities as well as chemical composition of potato sprouts originating from yellow- and colored-fleshed varieties. J Environ Sci Health B 2020; 55:42-51. [PMID: 31453739 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2019.1657764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Potato sprouts could be a valuable resource of phytochemicals such as secondary plant metabolites, potential antioxidants and nutritive compounds. In this work, potato sprout extracts of five varieties were examined; they differed in major glycoalkaloid content, trypsin inhibitor activity, total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity, as well as in antimicrobial activity against Gram + and G - bacteria, and yeast. Sprouts of colored-fleshed tubers were characterized by higher trypsin inhibitor activity than sprouts of yellow potatoes. The strongest microorganism growth inhibition effect was observed for macerate with sprouts from the purple-fleshed Blaue Annelise variety against B. subtilis, whereas C. albicans yeasts were sensitive to macerates with sprouts from purple-fleshed Blue Congo and yellow-fleshed Vineta potato varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Miedzianka
- Department of Food Storage and Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Pęksa
- Department of Food Storage and Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Nemś
- Department of Food Storage and Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Drzymała
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Zambrowicz
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Przemysław Kowalczewski
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Zambrowicz A, Zabłocka A, Sudoł M, Bobak Ł, Sosicka P, Trziszka T. The effect of carbohydrate moieties on immunoregulatory activity of yolkin polypeptides naturally occurring in egg yolk. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Pokora M, Zambrowicz A, Zabłocka A, Dąbrowska A, Szołtysik M, Babij K, Eckert E, Trziszka T, Chrzanowska J. The use of serine protease from Yarrowia lipolytica yeast in the production of biopeptides from denatured egg white proteins. Acta Biochim Pol 2017; 64:245-253. [PMID: 28388696 DOI: 10.18388/abp.2016_1316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Deriving non-conventional enzymes from cheaper sources than those used for commercially available enzymes may result in the production of hydrolysates with beneficial features, while drastically reducing the cost of hydrolysis. This is especially significant for enzymatic hydrolysis as a method of protein waste utilization. We have previously described the ability of non-commercial serine protease from Yarrowia lipolytica yeast to produce/release bioactive peptides from egg white protein by-products (EP). The enzymatic hydrolysis of EP was carried out for 24 h using the serine protease at an enzyme: substrate ratio of 1:30 (w/w). The obtained hydrolysate was characterized by protein degradation of 38% and also exhibited an antioxidant and cytokine-inducing activity. The isolation procedure (ultrafiltration and RP-HPLC) of bioactive peptides from the EP hydrolysate provided peptide fractions with significant antioxidant and ACE inhibitory activities. Three homogeneous and three heterogeneous peptide fractions were identified using MALDI-TOF/MS and the Mascot Search Results database. The peptides, mainly derived from ovalbumin, were composed of 2-19 amino-acid residues. We have thus demonstrated a novel ability of serine protease from Y. lipolytica to release biopeptides from an EP by-product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pokora
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Zambrowicz
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zabłocka
- Department of Immunochemistry, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Dąbrowska
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marek Szołtysik
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Konrad Babij
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ewelina Eckert
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 410 Agriculture/Forestry Centre, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Tadeusz Trziszka
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Józefa Chrzanowska
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
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Zambrowicz A, Zabłocka A, Bobak Ł, Macała J, Janusz M, Polanowski A, Trziszka T. A simple and rapid method of isolation of active polypeptide complex, yolkin, from chicken egg yolk. Food Chem 2017; 230:705-711. [PMID: 28407970 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.03.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A large number of bioactive peptides isolated from natural sources are known to play important physiological roles in the human body. It is possible to use these as alternative therapy agents. One example is yolkin which can be useful as a food supplement, a natural therapeutic agent for preventing and treating cognitive disorders of various origins, preferably in patients with unsatisfactory responses to known therapies. A new simple method of isolation of yolkin based on precipitation with ethanol or acetone was developed. The best precipitation efficiency of both ethanol and acetone was achieved when stirred into the starting material to a final concentration of 70%. These methods preserved the ability of yolkin to stimulate human whole blood cells to release anti-inflammatory cytokines and neurotrophins. At first we indicated that yolkin displayed a potential neuroprotective effect by the ability to stimulate cells to produce pro-survival brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zambrowicz
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Faculty of Food Sciences, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - A Zabłocka
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Immunochemistry, R. Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ł Bobak
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Faculty of Food Sciences, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - J Macała
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Immunochemistry, R. Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland
| | - M Janusz
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Immunochemistry, R. Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland
| | - A Polanowski
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Faculty of Food Sciences, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - T Trziszka
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Faculty of Food Sciences, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
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12
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Lemieszewska M, Stanczykiewicz B, Jakubik-Witkowska M, Zambrowicz A, Polanowski A, Rymaszewska J. Effects of Immunomodulatory Peptide Y On Cognitive Functions in Animal Models. Eur Psychiatry 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(15)31202-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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13
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Zambrowicz A, Eckert E, Pokora M, Bobak Ł, Dąbrowska A, Szołtysik M, Trziszka T, Chrzanowska J. Antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of peptides isolated from a hydrolysate of an egg-yolk protein by-product prepared with a proteinase from Asian pumpkin (Cucurbita ficifolia). RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra12943a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptides isolated from egg yolk protein by-product hydrolysate prepared with unconventional proteinase from Cucurbita ficifolia exert multiple biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Zambrowicz
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management
- Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences
- Wrocław
- Poland
| | - Ewelina Eckert
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management
- Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences
- Wrocław
- Poland
| | - Marta Pokora
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management
- Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences
- Wrocław
- Poland
| | - Łukasz Bobak
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management
- Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences
- Wrocław
- Poland
| | - Anna Dąbrowska
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management
- Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences
- Wrocław
- Poland
| | - Marek Szołtysik
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management
- Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences
- Wrocław
- Poland
| | - Tadeusz Trziszka
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management
- Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences
- Wrocław
- Poland
| | - Józefa Chrzanowska
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management
- Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences
- Wrocław
- Poland
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Abstract
Many proteins of food reveal biological activity. In the sequence of these proteins also numerous biologically active peptides are encrypted. These peptides are released during proteolysis naturally occurring in the gastrointestinal tract, food fermentation or during designed enzymatic hydrolysis in vitro. Biopeptides may exert multiple activities, affecting the cardiovascular, endocrine, nervous and immune systems. An especially rich source of bioactive proteins and biopeptides is egg. Bioactive peptides released from egg white proteins have been well described, whereas egg yolk proteins as precursors of biopeptides are less well characterized. This manuscript describes biologically active proteins and peptides originating from egg yolk and presents their potential therapeutic role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Zambrowicz
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Faculty of Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Dąbrowska
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Faculty of Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Łukasz Bobak
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Faculty of Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marek Szołtysik
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Faculty of Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
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15
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Zambrowicz A, Pokora M, Setner B, Dąbrowska A, Szołtysik M, Babij K, Szewczuk Z, Trziszka T, Lubec G, Chrzanowska J. Multifunctional peptides derived from an egg yolk protein hydrolysate: isolation and characterization. Amino Acids 2014; 47:369-80. [PMID: 25408464 PMCID: PMC4302234 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-014-1869-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An egg yolk protein by-product following ethanol extraction of phospholipids (YP) was hydrolyzed with pepsin to produce and identify novel peptides that revealed antioxidant, ACE inhibitory and antidiabetic (α-glucosidase and DPP-IV inhibitory) activities. The peptic hydrolysate of YP was fractionated by ion-exchange chromatography and reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography. Isolated peptides were identified using mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToF) and the Mascot Search Results database. Four peptides of MW ranging from 1,210.62 to 1,677.88 Da corresponded to the fragments of Apolipoprotein B (YINQMPQKSRE; YINQMPQKSREA), Vitellogenin-2 (VTGRFAGHPAAQ) and Apovitellenin-1 (YIEAVNKVSPRAGQF). These peptides were chemically synthesized and showed antioxidant, ACE inhibitory or/and antidiabetic activities. Peptide YIEAVNKVSPRAGQF exerted the strongest ACE inhibitory activity, with IC50 = 9.4 µg/mL. The peptide YINQMPQKSRE showed the strongest DPPH free radical scavenging and DPP-IV inhibitory activities and its ACE inhibitory activity (IC50) reached 10.1 µg/mL. The peptide VTGRFAGHPAAQ revealed the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC50 = 365.4 µg/mL). A novel nutraceutical effect for peptides from an egg yolk hydrolysate was shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Zambrowicz
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Faculty of Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37/41, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland,
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16
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Eckert E, Zambrowicz A, Pokora M, Setner B, Dąbrowska A, Szołtysik M, Szewczuk Z, Polanowski A, Trziszka T, Chrzanowska J. Egg-yolk protein by-product as a source of ACE-inhibitory peptides obtained with using unconventional proteinase from Asian pumpkin (Cucurbita ficifolia). J Proteomics 2014; 110:107-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Pokora M, Zambrowicz A, Dąbrowska A, Eckert E, Setner B, Szołtysik M, Szewczuk Z, Zabłocka A, Polanowski A, Trziszka T, Chrzanowska J. An attractive way of egg white protein by-product use for producing of novel anti-hypertensive peptides. Food Chem 2014; 151:500-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.11.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Dąbrowska A, Szołtysik M, Babij K, Pokora M, Zambrowicz A, Chrzanowska J. Application of Asian pumpkin (Cucurbita ficifolia) serine proteinase for production of biologically active peptides from casein. Acta Biochim Pol 2013; 60:117-122. [PMID: 23520577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to determine potential application of a serine proteinase derived from Asian pumpkin for obtaining biologically active peptides from casein. The course of casein hydrolysis by three doses of the enzyme (50, 150, 300 U/mg of protein) was monitored for 24 hours by the determinations of: hydrolysis degree DH (%), free amino group content (μmole Gly/g), RP HPLC peptide profiles and by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In all hydrolyzates analyzed antioxidant activities were determined using three tests: the ability to reduce iron ions in FRAP test, the ability to scavenge free radicals in DPPH test, and Fe(2+) chelating activity. The antimicrobial activity of obtained peptide fractions was determined as the ability to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas fluorescens in a diffusion plate test. The deepest degradation, expressed as the DH [%] and the free amino group content (67% and 7528 µmole Gly/mg, respectively), was noted in samples hydrolyzed with 300 U/ml of enzyme for 24 hours, while in other samples the determined values were about three and two times lower. The results were in agreement with the peptide profiles obtained by RP HPLC. The highest antioxidative activities determined in all tests were seen for the casein hydrolysate obtained with 300 U/mg protein of serine proteinase after 24 h of reaction (2.15 µM Trolox/mg, 96.15 µg Fe(3+)/mg, 814.97 µg Fe(2+)/mg). Antimicrobial activity was presented in three preparations. In other samples no antimicrobial activity was detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Dąbrowska
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland.
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Dąbrowska A, Szołtysik M, Babij K, Pokora M, Zambrowicz A, Chrzanowska J. Application of Asian pumpkin (Cucurbita ficifolia) serine proteinase for production of biologically active peptides from casein. Acta Biochim Pol 2013. [DOI: 10.18388/abp.2013_1960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to determine potential application of a serine proteinase derived from Asian pumpkin for obtaining biologically active peptides from casein. The course of casein hydrolysis by three doses of the enzyme (50, 150, 300 U/mg of protein) was monitored for 24 hours by the determinations of: hydrolysis degree DH (%), free amino group content (μmole Gly/g), RP HPLC peptide profiles and by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In all hydrolyzates analyzed antioxidant activities were determined using three tests: the ability to reduce iron ions in FRAP test, the ability to scavenge free radicals in DPPH test, and Fe(2+) chelating activity. The antimicrobial activity of obtained peptide fractions was determined as the ability to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas fluorescens in a diffusion plate test. The deepest degradation, expressed as the DH [%] and the free amino group content (67% and 7528 µmole Gly/mg, respectively), was noted in samples hydrolyzed with 300 U/ml of enzyme for 24 hours, while in other samples the determined values were about three and two times lower. The results were in agreement with the peptide profiles obtained by RP HPLC. The highest antioxidative activities determined in all tests were seen for the casein hydrolysate obtained with 300 U/mg protein of serine proteinase after 24 h of reaction (2.15 µM Trolox/mg, 96.15 µg Fe(3+)/mg, 814.97 µg Fe(2+)/mg). Antimicrobial activity was presented in three preparations. In other samples no antimicrobial activity was detected.
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Pokora M, Eckert E, Zambrowicz A, Bobak L, Szołtysik M, Dąbrowska A, Chrzanowska J, Polanowski A, Trziszka T. Biological and functional properties of proteolytic enzyme-modified egg protein by-products. Food Sci Nutr 2013; 1:184-95. [PMID: 24804027 PMCID: PMC3967756 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Revised: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic hydrolysis led to improve functional properties and biological activity of protein by-products, which can be further used as protein ingredients for food and feed applications. The effects of proteolytic enzyme modification of egg-yolk protein preparation (YP) and white protein preparation (WP), obtained as the by-products left during the course of lecithin, lysozyme, and cystatin isolation on their biological and functional properties, were evaluated by treating a commercial Neutrase. The antihypertensive and antioxidative properties of YP and WP hydrolysates were evaluated based on their angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory activity and radical scavenging (DPPH) capacity, ferric reducing power, and chelating of iron activity. The functionality of obtained hydrolysates was also determined. Neutrase caused a degree of hydrolysis (DH) of YP and WP by-products: 27.6% and 20.9%, respectively. In each of them, mixture of peptides with different molecular masses were also observed. YP hydrolysate showed high levels of antioxidant activity. The scavenging capacity, ferric reducing power, and chelating capacity were observed at the level: 0.44 μmol/L Trolox mg(-1), 177.35 μg Fe(2+) mg(-1), and 549.87 μg Fe(2+) mg(-1), respectively. YP hydrolysate also exhibited significant ACE-inhibitory activity, in which the level was 59.2 μg. Protein solubility was significantly improved as the DH increased. WP hydrolysate showed high water-holding capacity of 43.2. This study indicated that YP and WP hydrolysates could be used in foods as natural antioxidants and functionality enhancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pokora
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences Chełmonskiego 37/41, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ewelina Eckert
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences Chełmonskiego 37/41, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Zambrowicz
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences Chełmonskiego 37/41, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Lukasz Bobak
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences Chełmonskiego 37/41, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marek Szołtysik
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences Chełmonskiego 37/41, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Dąbrowska
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences Chełmonskiego 37/41, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Józefa Chrzanowska
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences Chełmonskiego 37/41, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Antoni Polanowski
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences Chełmonskiego 37/41, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Trziszka
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences Chełmonskiego 37/41, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland
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Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that food proteins may be a source of bioactive peptides. Those peptides are encrypted in the protein sequence. They stay inactive within the parental protein until release by proteolytic enzymes (Mine and Kovacs-Nolan in Worlds Poult Sci J 62(1):87-95, 2006; Hartman and Miesel in Curr Opin Biotechnol 18:163-169, 2007). Once released the bioactive peptides exhibit several biofunctionalities and may serve therapeutic roles in body systems. Opioid peptides, peptides lowering high blood pressure, inhibiting platelet aggregation as well as being carriers of metal ions and peptides with immunostimulatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities have been described (Hartman and Miesel in Curr Opin Biotechnol 18:163-169, 2007). The biofunctional abilities of the peptides have therefore aroused a lot of scientific, technological and consumer interest with respect to the role of dietary proteins in controlling and influencing health (Möller et al. in Eur J Nutr 47(4):171-182, 2008). Biopeptides may find wide application in food production, the cosmetics industry as well as in the prevention and treatment of various medical conditions. They are manufactured by chemical and biotechnological methods (Marx in Chem Eng News 83(11):17-24. 2005; Hancock and Sahl in Nat Biotechnol 24(12):1551-1557, 2006). Depending on specific needs (food or pharmaceutical industry) different degrees of peptide purifications are required. This paper discusses the practicability of manufacturing bioactive peptides, especially from food proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Zambrowicz
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 37/41, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Monika Timmer
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 37/41, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Antoni Polanowski
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 37/41, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Gert Lubec
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Tadeusz Trziszka
- Department of Animal Products Technology and Quality Management, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 37/41, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
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Zambrowicz A, Pokora M, Eckert E, Szołtysik M, Dąbrowska A, Chrzanowska J, Trziszka T. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of lecithin free egg yolk protein preparation hydrolysates obtained with digestive enzymes. FFHD 2012. [DOI: 10.31989/ffhd.v2i12.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Several biological activities have now been associated with egg protein- derived peptides, including antihypertensive, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, anticancer and antioxidant activities, highlighting the importance of these biopeptides in human health, and disease prevention and treatment. Special attention has been given to peptides with antioxidant and antimicrobial activities as a new source of natural preservatives in food industry. In this study, the antioxidant properties of the egg-yolk protein by-product (YP) hydrolysates were evaluated based on their radical scavenging capacity (DPPH), Fe2+chelating effect and ferric reducing power (FRAP). Furthermore, antimicrobial properties of obtained hydrolysates against Bacillus species were studied. The degrees (DHs) of hydrolysis for 4h hydrolysates were: 19.1%, 13.5% and 13.0%, for pepsin, chymotrypsin and trypsin, respectively. Pepsin was the most effective in producing the free amino groups (1410.3 μmolGly/g). The RP-HPLC profiles of the protein hydrolysates showed differences in the hydrophobicity of the generated peptides. Trypsin hydrolysate obtained after 4h reaction demonstrated the strongest DPPH free radical scavenging activity (0.85 µmol Troloxeq/mg). Trypsin and chymotrypsin hydrolysates obtained after 4h reaction exhibited 4 times higher ferric reducing capacity than those treated by pepsin. The hydrolysis products obtained from YP exhibited significant chelating activity. The 4h trypsin hydrolysate exhibited weak antimicrobial activity against B. subtilis B3; B. cereus B512; B. cereus B 3p and B. laterosporum B6. Keywords: Antioxidative activity, DPPH, peptides, hydrolysis, egg-yolk protei
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