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Meyer F, Engel A, Krause A, Wagner T, Poole L, Dubrovska A, Peitzsch C, Petersen C, Rothkamm K, Borgmann K. OC-0401 Avoidance of DNA Replication Stress Leads to Decreased Cytosolic DNA in Breast Cancer Stem Cells. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)06888-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Soler DC, Kowatz T, Sloan AE, McCormick TS, Cooper KD, Stepanyan R, Engel A, Vahedi-Faridi A. A region within the third extracellular loop of rat Aquaporin 6 precludes trafficking to plasma membrane in a heterologous cell line. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13673. [PMID: 34211055 PMCID: PMC8249660 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93117-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The inability to over-express Aquaporin 6 (AQP6) in the plasma membrane of heterologous cells has hampered efforts to further characterize the function of this aquaglyceroporin membrane protein at atomic detail using crystallographic approaches. Using an Aquaporin 3-tGFP Reporter (AGR) system we have identified a region within loop C of AQP6 that is responsible for severely hampering plasma membrane expression. Serine substitution corroborated that amino acids present within AQP6194–213 of AQP6 loop C contribute to intracellular endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention. This intracellular retention signal may preclude proper plasma membrane trafficking and severely curtail expression of AQP6 in heterologous expression systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Soler
- The Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA.
| | - T Kowatz
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106-4965, USA
| | - A E Sloan
- The Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA.,Brain Tumor and Neuro-Oncology Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, USA
| | - T S McCormick
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA.,Murdough Family Center for Psoriasis, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - K D Cooper
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA.,Murdough Family Center for Psoriasis, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - R Stepanyan
- Department of Otolaryngology-HNS, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA.,Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - A Engel
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Vahedi-Faridi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106-4965, USA
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Hofmann BB, Fischer I, Engel A, Jannusch K, Donaldson DM, Karadag C, van Lieshout JH, Beseoglu K, Muhammad S, Turowski B, Hänggi D, Kamp MA, Rubbert C. MTT Heterogeneity in Perfusion CT Imaging as a Predictor of Outcome after Aneurysmal SAH. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:1387-1395. [PMID: 34083263 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Impairment of tissue oxygenation caused by inhomogeneous microscopic blood flow distribution, the so-called capillary transit time heterogeneity, is thought to contribute to delayed cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal SAH but has so far not been systematically evaluated in patients. We hypothesized that heterogeneity of the MTT, derived from CTP parameters, would give insight into the clinical course of patients with aneurysmal SAH and may identify patients at risk of poor outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the heterogeneity of the MTT using the coefficient of variation in CTP scans from 132 patients. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to model the dichotomized mRS outcome. Linear regression was used to eliminate variables with high linear dependence. T tests were used to compare the means of 2 groups. Furthermore, the time of the maximum coefficient of variation for MTT after bleeding was evaluated for correlation with the mRS after 6 months. RESULTS On average, each patient underwent 5.3 CTP scans during his or her stay. Patients with high coefficient of variation for MTT presented more often with higher modified Fisher (P = .011) and World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies grades (P = .014). A high coefficient of variation for MTT at days 3-21 after aneurysmal SAH correlated significantly with a worse mRS score after 6 months (P = .016). We found no correlation between the time of the maximum coefficient of variation for MTT after bleeding and the patients' outcomes after 6 months (P = .203). CONCLUSIONS Heterogeneity of MTT in CTP after aneurysmal SAH correlates with the patients' outcomes. Because the findings are in line with the pathophysiologic concept of the capillary transit time heterogeneity, future studies should seek to verify the coefficient of variation for MTT as a potential imaging biomarker for outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- B B Hofmann
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (B.B.H., I.F., A.E., D.M.D., C.K., J.H.v.L., K.B., S.M., D.H., M.A.K.), Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - I Fischer
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (B.B.H., I.F., A.E., D.M.D., C.K., J.H.v.L., K.B., S.M., D.H., M.A.K.), Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - A Engel
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (B.B.H., I.F., A.E., D.M.D., C.K., J.H.v.L., K.B., S.M., D.H., M.A.K.), Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - K Jannusch
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (K.J., B.T., C.R.), Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - D M Donaldson
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (B.B.H., I.F., A.E., D.M.D., C.K., J.H.v.L., K.B., S.M., D.H., M.A.K.), Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - C Karadag
- Medical Faculty (C.K.), University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - J H van Lieshout
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (B.B.H., I.F., A.E., D.M.D., C.K., J.H.v.L., K.B., S.M., D.H., M.A.K.), Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - K Beseoglu
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (B.B.H., I.F., A.E., D.M.D., C.K., J.H.v.L., K.B., S.M., D.H., M.A.K.), Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - S Muhammad
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (B.B.H., I.F., A.E., D.M.D., C.K., J.H.v.L., K.B., S.M., D.H., M.A.K.), Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - B Turowski
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (K.J., B.T., C.R.), Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - D Hänggi
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (B.B.H., I.F., A.E., D.M.D., C.K., J.H.v.L., K.B., S.M., D.H., M.A.K.), Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M A Kamp
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (B.B.H., I.F., A.E., D.M.D., C.K., J.H.v.L., K.B., S.M., D.H., M.A.K.), Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - C Rubbert
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (K.J., B.T., C.R.), Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Meyer F, Engel A, Riepen B, Schumacher U, Dubrovska A, Petersen C, Peitzsch C, Hein L, Werner S, Wikmann H, Rothkamm K, Borgmann K. OC-0207: Avoidance of DNA replication stress leads to radioresistance in stem cell-like TNBC. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)00231-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Nicolau S, Dasgupta A, Selcen D, Engel A, Doles J, Milone M. CONGENITAL MYOPATHIES 1 – NEMALINE. Neuromuscul Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Fiene M, Schwab B, Misselhorn J, Herrmann C, Schneider T, Engel A. Phase-specific aftereffects of transcranial alternating current stimulation on visual processing. Brain Stimul 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Misselhorn J, Schwab B, Schneider T, Engel A. Bifocal high-definition tACS over early sensory regions modulates crossmodal matching: Combined evidence from EEG and tACS/behavioral studies. Brain Stimul 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Schwab B, Misselhorn J, Engel A. Modulation of interhemispheric alpha-band connectivity by transcranial alternating current stimulation. Brain Stimul 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Engel A. Cancer Council NSW - Policy and Advocacy: “I Care For Palliative Care” Campaign to Increase Government Investment in Specialist Palliative Care Services. J Glob Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jgo.18.50500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and context: I Care for Palliative Care Campaign was developed and delivered by the Cancer Council NSW between November 2015 and July 2017. This advocacy campaign was developed in recognition of the fact that the state had fewer palliative physicians and palliative care nurses than were needed to meet the palliative care demands of the NSW community. This meant that some people with life-limiting cancer were being denied quality of life and were unable to die in the place of their choosing. Moreover, Aboriginal people remained disadvantaged by limited access to specialist palliative care that fits with their community values, beliefs, rituals, heritage and place. Aim: The primary aim of the campaign was to secure additional funding from the NSW Government for an additional 10 FTE palliative physician positions; an extra 129 FTE palliative care nurse positions; and provision of culturally-appropriate specialist palliative care services to Aboriginal people. Strategy/Tactics: Various tactics were used, including collection and sharing of engaging community stories via media and online channels, mobilizing community support via training and events, and targeted engagement of key decision-makers and members of parliament (MPs), which took into consideration marginal electorates, personal experiences with cancer, and geography, noting the issue disproportionally impacts regional and rural communities. An online and offline “pledge” activity was also used, providing both the public and MPs with an opportunity to support the campaign. Program/Policy process: Meetings, the pledge activity, collection and presentation of stories and community-events were all incorporated into a program of activities over the campaign period to engage decision-makers and ultimately influence the policy-making process. Outcomes: An independent qualitative evaluation confirmed that the campaign was undoubtedly a success. It noted that the campaign created an environment in which the NSW government made a historic decision to provide an additional $100 million in funding for palliative care services over four years. Without the campaign, palliative care could well have lost out to other healthcare and government spending priorities. What was learned: The campaign confirmed the power of personal stories as an effective campaign tactic to influence decision-makers. Empowering volunteers to generate local media coverage also resulted in significantly greater coverage for the campaign. The “pledge” activity for MPs was also an effective tactic that brought together the issue, the politician and our brand. Aspects to be improved include simplifying our policy ask, evaluating the resources we invest in key decision makers versus less influential MPs, and assessing how we better integrate political context and political experts into our campaign planning and governance.
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Dessaix A, Engel A. Community Insights to Inform the Policy Positioning of Junk Food Marketing Reform in NSW, Australia. J Glob Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jgo.18.59300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and context: In the lead up to the next state election, Cancer Council New South Wales (CCNSW) will run the “Saving Life 2019” advocacy campaign focused on changing NSW Government policy in cancer control. In developing a policy agenda, three priority areas were identified that required further research to better understand public perceptions, inform messaging and engagement strategies. Reform of current junk food marketing on government owned assets (including public transport) was identified as one of these priorities to reduce childhood obesity. Aim: •Understand how key audiences view overweight and obesity as a public health issue and specifically junk food marketing to children •Find new opportunities to progress CCNSW policy objectives by identifying additional key audiences in the general population; •Build the evidence base for a salient and convincing messaging guide for the advocacy campaign strategy and CCNSW's broader policy engagement and influencing work. Strategy/Tactics: The campaign will seek to demonstrate community support for restricting junk food marketing on government owned assets in NSW to the community, the media and political candidates to achieve policy commitments. CCNSW existing campaign strategy includes tactics across grassroots mobilization, targeted political engagement and securing earned media. The development of strategic research to underpin this campaign, including development of an evidence-based communications strategy, was critical in optimizing communications and public engagement. Program/Policy process: CCNSW commissioned an independent external agency to conduct the research. The research used a mixed methodology that included two facilitated online focus groups of up to 20 people each, followed by polling of the general public. Focus groups were conducted over two days, with participants recruited from a wide geographical spread and constituted a mixture of general population and parents who are the main meal preparer in households. Outcomes: A research and communications report containing an overview of the research, key findings, as well as communications considerations based on the research was used to inform our overall campaign strategy, including policy messaging and communications planning. What was learned: Findings noted that unprompted, overweight and obesity is considered an important public health issue. The specific issue of childhood obesity is seen to be a personal family issue and the responsibility of parents. The provision of junk food by parents to children was seen as a driver of childhood obesity, but the role of junk food marketing and its regulation was not top-of-mind. When prompted, the idea of banning junk food advertising on public transport was an action that could be taken by government to tackle childhood obesity, with children perceived as being vulnerable and requiring protection.
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Engel A. Cancer Council New South Wales: Policy and Advocacy Report Community Insights to Inform the Policy Positioning of Tobacco Retailing Reform in NSW, Australia. J Glob Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jgo.18.59100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and context: In the lead-up to the next state election, Cancer Council New South Wales (CCNSW) will run the “Saving Life 2019” advocacy campaign focused on changing NSW Government policy in cancer control. In developing a policy agenda, three priority areas were identified that required further research to better understand public perceptions, inform messaging and engagement strategies. Reform of current tobacco retailing was identified as one of these priorities. Aim: Understand how key audiences view current tobacco retailing laws and widespread tobacco availability in NSW; Find new opportunities to progress our policy objectives by identifying additional key audiences in the general population; Build the evidence base for a salient and convincing messaging guide for the advocacy campaign strategy and CCNSW's broader policy engagement and influencing work. Strategy/Tactics: The campaign will seek to demonstrate community support for reform of current tobacco retailing laws in NSW to the community, the media and political candidates to achieve policy commitments. CCNSW existing campaign strategy includes tactics across grassroots mobilization, targeted political engagement and securing earned media. The development of strategic research to underpin this campaign, including development of an evidence-based communications strategy, was critical in optimizing communications and public engagement. Program/Policy process: CCNSW commissioned an independent external agency to conduct the research. The research used a mixed methodology that included a facilitated online focus group of up to 20 people, followed by polling of the general public. Focus groups were conducted over two days, with participants recruited from a wide geographical spread and constituted a mixture of general population, parents, hospitality workers and small business owners. Outcomes: A research and communications report containing an overview of the research, key findings, as well as communications considerations based on the research was used to inform our overall campaign strategy, including policy messaging and communications planning. What was learned: Findings noted that while cancer of all types is seen as a serious public health issue, cancer specifically resulting from smoking and tobacco use is not top-of-mind. It revealed the link between ease of access to tobacco products and increased usage is clearly understood, and there was support for further restricting where tobacco can be sold. The concept of a “retailer fee” to pay for the cost of antismoking initiatives received limited support, mostly driven by concern for smaller retailers. The most popular arguments were those which reinforced existing community beliefs, rather than challenging them.
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Engel A. Cancer Council New South Wales Policy and Advocacy Report: Community Insights to Inform the Policy Positioning of Smoke-Free Legislation Reform in NSW, Australia. J Glob Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jgo.18.58900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and context: In the lead-up to the next state election, Cancer Council New South Wales (CCNSW) will run the “Saving Life 2019” advocacy campaign focused on changing NSW Government policy in cancer control. In developing a policy agenda, three priority areas were identified that required further research to better understand public perceptions, inform messaging and engagement strategies. Reform of current smoke-free laws was identified as one of these priorities. Aim: Understand how key audiences view current smoke-free laws and issues of exposure to second-hand smoke in NSW licensed venues; Find new opportunities to progress policy objectives by identifying additional key audiences in the general population; Build the evidence base for a salient and convincing messaging guide for the advocacy campaign strategy and our broader policy engagement and influencing work. Strategy/Tactics: The campaign will seek to demonstrate community support for the reform of current smoke-free laws in NSW to the community, the media and political candidates to achieve policy commitments. CCNSW existing campaign strategy includes tactics across grassroots mobilization, targeted political engagement and securing earned media. The development of strategic research to underpin this campaign, including development of an evidence-based communications strategy, was critical in optimizing our communications and public engagement. Program/Policy process: Cancer Council NSW worked with an external agency to conduct the research. The research used a mixed methodology that included a facilitated online focus group of up to 20 people, followed by polling of the general public. Focus groups were conducted over two days, with participants recruited from a wide geographical spread. Targeted sampling to ensure participants visit a pub or club at least once per fortnight was also incorporated. Outcomes: A research and communications report containing an overview of the research, key findings, as well as communications considerations based on the research was used to inform our overall campaign strategy, including policy messaging and communications planning. What was learned: Preliminary findings noted that while smoking and related health issues is a key concern for participants, it is of greatest concern among those who are smokers, have previously smoked, or are close to someone who does. They revealed a high level of awareness of the meaning.
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Burghaus S, Häberle L, Rübner M, Büchner K, Blum S, Engel A, Ekici AB, Hartmann A, Hein A, Renner SP, Beckmann MW, Fasching PA. Gemeinsame Risiko-Pathways von Endometriose und Ovarialkarzinom. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1671003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Burghaus
- Frauenklinik, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Universitäts-Endometriosezentrum Franken, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - L Häberle
- Abteilung für Biostatistik und Datenmanagement, Frauenklinik, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - M Rübner
- Frauenklinik, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Universitäts-Endometriosezentrum Franken, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - K Büchner
- Frauenklinik, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Universitäts-Endometriosezentrum Franken, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - S Blum
- Frauenklinik, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Universitäts-Endometriosezentrum Franken, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - A Engel
- Abteilung für Biostatistik und Datenmanagement, Frauenklinik, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - AB Ekici
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - A Hartmann
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - A Hein
- Frauenklinik, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Universitäts-Endometriosezentrum Franken, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - SP Renner
- Klinikum Sindelfingen-Böblingen, Kliniken Böblingen, Böblingen, Deutschland
| | - MW Beckmann
- Frauenklinik, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Universitäts-Endometriosezentrum Franken, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - PA Fasching
- Frauenklinik, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Universitäts-Endometriosezentrum Franken, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Deutschland
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika
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Schmidt U, Flössel U, Pietsch J, Dinger J, Engel A, Forberger A, Nitzsche K. Intrauterine und perinatale Todesfälle bei maternalem Methamphetaminkonsum. Rechtsmedizin (Berl) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00194-018-0269-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schlichtemeier
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, UK
| | - S Tou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, UK
| | - R Parks
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, UK
| | - A Engel
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
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Abstract
In an iterated two-person game, for instance prisoner's dilemma or the snowdrift game, there exist strategies that force the payoffs of the opponents to be equal. These equalizer strategies form a subset of the more general zero-determinant strategies that unilaterally set the payoff of an opponent. A challenge in the attempts to understand the role of these strategies in the evolution of animal behavior is the lack of iterations in the fights for mating opportunities or territory control. We show that an arbitrary two-parameter strategy may possess a corresponding equalizer strategy which produces the same result: statistics of the fight outcomes in the contests with competitors are the same for each of these two strategies. Therefore, analyzing only the equalizer strategy space may be sufficient to predict animal behavior if nature, indeed, reduces (marginalizes) complex strategies to equalizer strategy space. The work's main finding is that there is a unique equalizer strategy that predicts fight outcomes without symmetric cooperation responses. The lack of symmetric cooperation responses is a common trait in conflict escalation contests that generally require a clear winner. In addition, this unique strategy does not assess information of the opponent's state. The method bypasses the standard analysis of evolutionary stability. The results fit well the observations of combat between male bowl and doily spiders and support an empirical assumption of the war of attrition model that the species use only information regarding their own state during conflict escalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Engel
- Physics Department, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002 Israel
| | - A Feigel
- Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 9190401 Israel
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Yiş U, Becker K, Kurul S, Uyanik G, Bayram E, Haliloglu G, Polat I, Ayanoglu M, Okur D, Tosun A, Serdaroglu G, Yılmaz S, Topaloğlu H, Anlar B, Cirak S, Engel A. Genetic Landscape of congenital myasthenic syndroms from Turkey: novel mutations and clinical insights. Neuromuscul Disord 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.06.457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Lenz B, Mühle C, Braun B, Weinland C, Bouna-Pyrrou P, Behrens J, Kubis S, Mikolaiczik K, Muschler MR, Saigali S, Sibach M, Tanovska P, Huber SE, Hoppe U, Eichler A, Heinrich H, Moll GH, Engel A, Goecke TW, Beckmann MW, Fasching PA, Müller CP, Kornhuber J. Prenatal and adult androgen activities in alcohol dependence. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2017; 136:96-107. [PMID: 28383757 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alcohol dependence is more prevalent in men than in women. The evidence for how prenatal and adult androgens influence alcohol dependence is limited. We investigated the effects of prenatal and adult androgen activity on alcohol dependence. Moreover, we studied how the behaviours of pregnant women affect their children's prenatal androgen load. METHOD We quantified prenatal androgen markers (e.g., second-to-fourth finger length ratio [2D : 4D]) and blood androgens in 200 early-abstinent alcohol-dependent in-patients and 240 controls (2013-2015, including a 12-month follow-up). We also surveyed 134 women during pregnancy (2005-2007) and measured the 2D : 4D of their children (2013-2016). RESULTS The prenatal androgen loads were higher in the male alcohol-dependent patients compared to the controls (lower 2D : 4D, P = 0.004) and correlated positively with the patients' liver transaminase activities (P < 0.001) and alcohol withdrawal severity (P = 0.019). Higher prenatal androgen loads and increasing androgen levels during withdrawal predicted earlier and more frequent 12-month hospital readmission in alcohol-dependent patients (P < 0.005). Moreover, stress levels (P = 0.002), alcohol (P = 0.010) and tobacco consumption (P = 0.017), and lifetime stressors (P = 0.019) of women during pregnancy related positively to their children's prenatal androgen loads (lower 2D : 4D). CONCLUSION Androgen activities in alcohol-dependent patients and behaviours of pregnant women represent novel preventive and therapeutic targets of alcohol dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Lenz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - C Mühle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - B Braun
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - C Weinland
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - P Bouna-Pyrrou
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - J Behrens
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - S Kubis
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - K Mikolaiczik
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - M-R Muschler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - S Saigali
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Sibach
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - P Tanovska
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - S E Huber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - U Hoppe
- Department of Audiology, ENT Clinic, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - A Eichler
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - H Heinrich
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.,kbo-Heckscher-Klinikum, Munich, Germany
| | - G H Moll
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - A Engel
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - T W Goecke
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Perinatal Medicine and Obstetrics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - M W Beckmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - P A Fasching
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - C P Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - J Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
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Schlichtemeier S, Logaraj A, Gill AJ, Engel A. Response to Bethune et al. Colorectal Dis 2017; 19:589-590. [PMID: 28494522 DOI: 10.1111/codi.13717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Schlichtemeier
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - A Logaraj
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - A J Gill
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Cancer Diagnosis and Pathology Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - A Engel
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia.,Healthy Ageing and Sydney Vital Translational Cancer Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
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Browning TJ, Achterberg EP, Yong JC, Rapp I, Utermann C, Engel A, Moore CM. Iron limitation of microbial phosphorus acquisition in the tropical North Atlantic. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15465. [PMID: 28524880 PMCID: PMC5454538 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In certain regions of the predominantly nitrogen limited ocean, microbes can become co-limited by phosphorus. Within such regions, a proportion of the dissolved organic phosphorus pool can be accessed by microbes employing a variety of alkaline phosphatase (APase) enzymes. In contrast to the PhoA family of APases that utilize zinc as a cofactor, the recent discovery of iron as a cofactor in the more widespread PhoX and PhoD implies the potential for a biochemically dependant interplay between oceanic zinc, iron and phosphorus cycles. Here we demonstrate enhanced natural community APase activity following iron amendment within the low zinc and moderately low iron Western North Atlantic. In contrast we find no evidence for trace metal limitation of APase activity beneath the Saharan dust plume in the Eastern Atlantic. Such intermittent iron limitation of microbial phosphorus acquisition provides an additional facet in the argument for iron controlling the coupling between oceanic nitrogen and phosphorus cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. J. Browning
- Marine Biogeochemistry Division, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel 24148, Germany
| | - E. P. Achterberg
- Marine Biogeochemistry Division, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel 24148, Germany
| | - J. C. Yong
- Marine Biogeochemistry Division, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel 24148, Germany
| | - I. Rapp
- Marine Biogeochemistry Division, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel 24148, Germany
| | - C. Utermann
- Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel 24106, Germany
| | - A. Engel
- Marine Biogeochemistry Division, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel 24148, Germany
| | - C. M. Moore
- Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, University of Southampton, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK
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21
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Kietaibl C, Engel A, Horvat Menih I, Huepfl M, Erdoes G, Kubista B, Ullrich R, Windhager R, Markstaller K, Klein K. Detection and differentiation of cerebral microemboli in patients undergoing major orthopaedic surgery using transcranial Doppler ultrasound. Br J Anaesth 2017; 118:400-406. [DOI: 10.1093/bja/aex001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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22
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Schlichtemeier S, Logaraj A, Gill AJ, Engel A. Colorectal cancer resection in the Australian nonagenarian patient. Colorectal Dis 2017; 19:243-250. [PMID: 27354302 DOI: 10.1111/codi.13434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM The nonagenarian population is a rapidly growing segment of the Australian population. Surgical resection continues to offer the best chance of long-term survival in colorectal cancer. The primary aims of the present study were to evaluate the 30-day mortality and survival of Australian patients ≥ 90 years of age undergoing surgical resection for colorectal cancer in our health service. The secondary aims were to examine the clinicopathological characteristics of the patients and their tumours. METHOD All patients ≥ 90 years of age undergoing surgical resection for colorectal cancer from 1998 to 2012 were identified in a centralized multihospital database. Key clinicopathological data, 30-day mortality and long-term overall survival were recorded for each patient. RESULTS There were 121 patients identified of median age 91 years, 74% of whom were female. The median tumour size was 40 mm, and 51% of operations were carried out as an emergency. The TNM stage was Stage I/II in 57%, Stage III in 40% and Stage IV in 3%. The 30-day mortality was 6.6% (eight of 121) and the 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival rates were 82.6%, 50.2% and 32.3%, respectively. CONCLUSION Surgical resection in the nonagenarian patient has an acceptable mortality and offers good overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schlichtemeier
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A Logaraj
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A J Gill
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Cancer Diagnosis and Pathology Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A Engel
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.,Healthy Ageing and Sydney Vital Translational Cancer Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
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23
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Braksick S, Fugate J, Hocker S, Engel A, Selcen D. Recurrent respiratory failure in a patient with nemaline and myofibrillar myopathy features. Neuromuscul Disord 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2016.06.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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24
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Engel A, Bilbruck T, Hossain S, Leahy R. Lithium-induced acute intermittent dystonia in a patient with schizoaffective disorder. Eur Psychiatry 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
While lithium is well known for its neurotoxicity, there are very few publications about lithium-induced acute dystonic reaction. We are presenting a clinical case of lithium-induced acute intermittent dystonic reaction in a patient with schizoaffective disorder (SAD). The patient is a 69-year-old African-American male with a long history of SAD, who was treated for many years with ziprasidone and divalproex and was admitted with SAD exacerbation. Due to increased QTC interval, we switched patient to lurasidone. After 2 weeks, due to increased ammonia level, divalproex was switched to lithium (600 mg loading dose and then 450 mg twice/day). Three days later, patient developed a series of intermittent episodes of acute dystonia, manifested as mutism, dysarthria, upper and lower extremity muscle rigidity, dysphagia, and tremor (Table 1). Dystonic reactions responded to benztropine. Eventually, lithium was discontinued and patient did well on a combination of carbamazepine and olanzapine. In this case, we would like to emphasize not only the intermittent but also the atypical presentation of acute dystonic reactions with involvement of large muscle groups, the resemblance to NMS, and a “spectrum” of dystonic reactions rather than one clear-cut presentation. We can only speculate the role lurasidone played in this presentation but reoccurrence of dysarthria on day 54 after lithium was restarted points to its major role.Table not available.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Engel A, Fiessler C, Weyand M, Harig F. A Multivariate Analysis of Perioperative Risk Factors on the 10 Year Survival of Patients with Acute Type A Aortic Dissection. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1571542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Loger K, Engel A, Haupt J, Li Q, Lima de Miranda R, Quandt E, Lutter G, Selhuber-Unkel C. Cell adhesion on NiTi thin film sputter-deposited meshes. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2015; 59:611-616. [PMID: 26652414 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Scaffolds for tissue engineering enable the possibility to fabricate and form biomedical implants in vitro, which fulfill special functionality in vivo. In this study, free-standing Nickel–Titanium(NiTi) thin film mesheswere produced by means of magnetron sputter deposition.Meshes contained precisely defined rhombic holes in the size of 440 to 1309 μm2 and a strut width ranging from 5.3 to 9.2 μm. The effective mechanical properties of the microstructured superelastic NiTi thin film were examined by tensile testing. These results will be adapted for the design of the holes in the film. The influence of hole and strut dimensions on the adhesion of sheep autologous cells (CD133+) was studied after 24 h and after seven days of incubation. Optical analysis using fluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed that cell adhesion depends on the structural parameters of the mesh. After 7 days in cell culture a large part of the mesh was covered with aligned fibrous material. Cell adhesion is particularly facilitated on meshes with small rhombic holes of 440 μm2 and a strut width of 5.3 μm. Our results demonstrate that free-standing NiTi thin film meshes have a promising potential for applicationsin cardiovascular tissue engineering, particularly for the fabrication of heart valves.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Loger
- Inorganic Functional Materials, Institute for Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kiel, Germany
| | - A Engel
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - J Haupt
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Q Li
- Biocompatible Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kiel, Germany
| | - R Lima de Miranda
- Inorganic Functional Materials, Institute for Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kiel, Germany; ACQUANDAS GmbH, Kiel, Germany
| | - E Quandt
- Inorganic Functional Materials, Institute for Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kiel, Germany
| | - G Lutter
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - C Selhuber-Unkel
- Biocompatible Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kiel, Germany
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Aharoni S, Sadeh M, Sagi L, Rabie M, Daana M, Argov Z, Edvardson S, Shapira Y, Dor T, Bloch A, Engel A, Nevo Y. Congenital myasthenic syndromes in Israel: Genetic and clinical characterization. Neuromuscul Disord 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2015.06.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Selcen D, Ohkawara B, Shen X, McEvoy K, Ohno K, Engel A. LRP4 myasthenia: Investigation of a second kinship reveals impaired development and maintenance of the neuromuscular junction. Neuromuscul Disord 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2015.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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29
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Renema JJ, Wang Q, Gaudio R, Komen I, op 't Hoog K, Sahin D, Schilling A, van Exter MP, Fiore A, Engel A, de Dood MJA. Position-Dependent Local Detection Efficiency in a Nanowire Superconducting Single-Photon Detector. Nano Lett 2015; 15:4541-4545. [PMID: 26087352 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b01103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We probe the local detection efficiency in a nanowire superconducting single-photon detector along the cross-section of the wire with a far subwavelength resolution. We experimentally find a strong variation in the local detection efficiency of the device. We demonstrate that this effect explains previously observed variations in NbN detector efficiency as a function of device geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Renema
- †Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Q Wang
- †Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - R Gaudio
- ‡COBRA Research Institute, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - I Komen
- †Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - K op 't Hoog
- ‡COBRA Research Institute, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - D Sahin
- ‡COBRA Research Institute, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - A Schilling
- §Physics Institute of the University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M P van Exter
- †Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A Fiore
- ‡COBRA Research Institute, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - A Engel
- §Physics Institute of the University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M J A de Dood
- †Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands
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Delaney J, Laws P, Wille-Jørgensen P, Engel A. Inflammatory bowel disease meta-evidence and its challenges: is it time to restructure surgical research? Colorectal Dis 2015; 17:600-11. [PMID: 25546572 DOI: 10.1111/codi.12882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to compare the methodological quality and input paper characteristics of systematic reviews and meta-analyses reported in the medical and surgical literature by performing a systematic 'overview of reviews'. Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) were used as the framework for this comparison as they are relatively common serious conditions, with both medical and surgical options for therapy. METHOD Medline, Embase, CINHAL and the Cochrane Database were searched to November 2013. Eligible papers were systematic reviews or meta-analyses that considered a question of therapy in CD or UC. Two independent reviewers selected the papers, extracted the data and scored their methodology using the AMSTAR scoring system. The papers were categorized into medical therapy (M), surgical therapy (S) or medical and surgical therapy (MS) groups. Following retrieval of the sample of meta-evidence papers, the original input studies used in their creation were identified and a search of Medline, Embase, CINHAL and the Cochrane Database was performed. A team of researchers then examined the collection of papers for bibliographic and financial information. RESULTS Five hundred papers were identified in the meta-evidence search, of which 118 were deemed eligible. There was a difference in the AMSTAR-rated average quality of the papers between the S and M group (S 7.36 vs M 8.75, P = 0.01). On average S papers were published in journals with a lower impact factor (S 3.26, M 5.04, MS 5.30, P < 0.001). S papers also showed more heterogeneity (I(2) ; S 37%, M 24%, MS 10%, P < 0.001). Some 25% of S meta-analyses used data-sets with significant heterogeneity (I(2) > 75%), compared with 8% of M meta-analyses and 3% of the MS meta-analyses. Some 5% of S papers were done on data sets that had I(2) values > 90%. There was no difference in the average number of papers assessed in each group, the average number of patients per meta-paper, the average time covered by the reviews, the average number of papers considered within each meta-analysis, or the average number of patients considered within each meta-analysis. Considering the conclusions of each meta-analysis, S meta-evidence was 50% more likely than M meta-evidence to be unable to make recommendations for practice. A total of 1499 original input papers were identified, of which 283 were used in more than one review. Within the non-repeated papers (n = 1023) the average impact factor within the S group was lower than that of the M and the MS groups (3.720 vs 11.230 vs 7.563, respectively; ANOVAP < 0.001). M papers had higher rates of pharmaceutical sponsorship than S papers (M 56% vs S 1%) and twice the level of government support (M 16% vs S 8%). Of note, 21% of M papers had corporate sponsorship but did not list any conflict of interest. CONCLUSION Compared with M meta-analyses, S meta-analyses in the UC and CD domain are more likely to be of poorer methodological quality, are of a greater degree of heterogeneity and less often offer a positive conclusion. The papers used to generate meta-evidence in M papers have a greater degree of corporate and government sponsorship, and are more likely to come from journals with higher impact factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Delaney
- Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - P Laws
- Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - P Wille-Jørgensen
- Abdominal Disease Center K, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A Engel
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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31
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Iking-Konert C, Burmester GR, Dörner T, Schulze-Koops H, Rubbert-Roth A, Engel A, Gauler G, Schwenke R, Peters M, Tony HP. SAT0183 Patient Reported Outcomes (PRO) of the Mirai: Study of a Sequential Therapy of Tocilizumab and, If Initially Inadequately Responded to Tocilizumab, Followed by Rituximab in DMARD-IR Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (MIRAI). Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.4500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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32
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Wang L, Stebbings R, Gaigalas AK, Sutherland J, Kammel M, John M, Roemer B, Kuhne M, Schneider RJ, Braun M, Engel A, Dikshit D, Abbasi F, Marti GE, Sassi M, Revel L, Kim SK, Baradez M, Lekishvili T, Marshall D, Whitby L, Jing W, Ost V, Vonsky M, Neukammer J. Quantification of cells with specific phenotypes II: Determination of CD4 expression level on reconstituted lyophilized human PBMC labelled with anti-CD4 FITC antibody. Cytometry A 2015; 87:254-61. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.22634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Wang
- Biosystems and Biomaterials Division; NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology); Gaithersburg Maryland 20899
| | - R. Stebbings
- Biotherapeutics Group; NIBSC (National Institute for Biological Standards and Control); Blanche Lane South Mimms Potters Bar Hertfordshire EN6 3QG United Kingdom
| | - A. K. Gaigalas
- Biosystems and Biomaterials Division; NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology); Gaithersburg Maryland 20899
| | - J. Sutherland
- Biotherapeutics Group; NIBSC (National Institute for Biological Standards and Control); Blanche Lane South Mimms Potters Bar Hertfordshire EN6 3QG United Kingdom
| | - M. Kammel
- Division of Medical Physics and Metrological Information Technology; PTB (Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt); Berlin 10587 Germany
| | - M. John
- Division of Medical Physics and Metrological Information Technology; PTB (Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt); Berlin 10587 Germany
| | | | - M. Kuhne
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing; Berlin D-12489 Germany
| | - R. J. Schneider
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing; Berlin D-12489 Germany
| | - M. Braun
- Beckman Coulter GmbH; Europark Fichtenhain B13 Krefeld 47807 Germany
| | - A. Engel
- Becton Dickinson; Tullastraße 8-12 Heidelberg 69126 Germany
| | - D. Dikshit
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division; CDRI (Central Drug Research Institute); Chattar Manzil Palace, Mahatma Gandhi Marg Lucknow Uttar Pradesh 226001 India
| | - F. Abbasi
- CDRH/FDA (Center for Devices and Radiologic Health Food and Drug Administration); Bethesda Maryland 20892
| | - G. E. Marti
- CDRH/FDA (Center for Devices and Radiologic Health Food and Drug Administration); Bethesda Maryland 20892
| | - M. Sassi
- Amount of Substance; INRIM (Istituto Nazionale Di Ricerca Metrologica); Strada Delle Cacce 91 Torino 10135 Italy
| | - L. Revel
- Amount of Substance; INRIM (Istituto Nazionale Di Ricerca Metrologica); Strada Delle Cacce 91 Torino 10135 Italy
| | - S. K. Kim
- Bioanalysis, KRISS (Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science); Doryong-Dong Yuseong-Gu Daejeon 305-340 Korea
| | - M. Baradez
- Science and Innovation; LGC Limited; Teddington Middlesex TW11 0LY United Kingdom
| | - T. Lekishvili
- Science and Innovation; LGC Limited; Teddington Middlesex TW11 0LY United Kingdom
| | - D. Marshall
- Science and Innovation; LGC Limited; Teddington Middlesex TW11 0LY United Kingdom
| | - L. Whitby
- UK NEQAS (UK National External Quality Assessment Service); Sheffield South Yorkshire S10 2QD United Kingdom
| | - W. Jing
- Division of Medical and Biological Measurement; NIM (National Institute of Metrology); No 18, Bei San Huan Zhong Lu Beijing China
| | - V. Ost
- Partec GmbH; Muenster 48161 Germany
| | - M. Vonsky
- Department of State Standards in the Field of Physical-Chemical Measurements; VNIIM (D.I. Mendeleev Institute for Metrology), Moskovsky Pr., 19, 190005, St-Petersburg Russia and Biomedical Technologies, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Science; 194064 St-Petersburg Russia
| | - J. Neukammer
- Division of Medical Physics and Metrological Information Technology; PTB (Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt); Berlin 10587 Germany
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Pokorny S, Huenges K, Engel A, Gross J, Frank D, Morlock MM, Cremer J, Lutter G. In Vivo Quantification of the Apical Fixation Forces of Different Mitral Valved Stent Designs in the Beating Heart. Ann Biomed Eng 2014; 43:1201-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10439-014-1165-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Abstract
This report contains national estimates of the prevalence of selected congenital and early developmental health problems and describes the relationship of selected aspects of family background, infant health status, and early developmental history to the intellectual development and maturity of noninstitutionalized children 6-11 years of age in the United States, based on findings from the Health Examination Survey of 1963-1965. The Health Examination Survey is a major program of the National Center for Health Statistics which was established to carry out the Health Survey Act of 1956, enacted by the 84th Congress to provide for a continuing assessment of the health status of the U.S. population. Three different programs are utilized in the National Health Survey. 1 The Health Interview Survey collects health information from samples of people by household interview. The Health Resources programs obtain health data as well as health resource and utilization information through surveys of hospitals, nursing homes and other resident institutions, and the entire range of personnel in the health occupations. The Health Examination Survey, from which the national estimates in this report were obtained, collects health data by direct physical examination, tests, and measurements performed on samples of the population.
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Schneider MO, Engel A, Fasching PA, Häberle L, Binder EB, Voigt F, Grimm J, Faschingbauer F, Eichler A, Dammer U, Rebhan D, Amann M, Raabe E, Goecke TW, Quast C, Beckmann MW, Kornhuber J, Seifert A, Burghaus S. Genetische Varianten in Genen des Stresshormon-Signalweges und depressive Symptome während und nach der Schwangerschaft. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1388587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Abstract
Objectives Effects of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), fibroblast growth
factor 2 (FGF2) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) on the expression
of genes involved in the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts
in culture were analysed. The best sequence of growth factor addition
that induces expansion of cells before their differentiation was
sought. Methods Primary human osteoblasts in in vitro culture
were treated with IGF1, BMP2 or FGF2 (10 ng/ml) for 24 hours (IGF1)
or 48 hours (BMP2 and FGF2). Experiments were performed during the
exponential growth phase with approximately 1e7 cells per 75 cm2 flask.
mRNA was reverse transcribed directly and analysed using RT-PCR
Taqman assays. Expression levels of key genes involved in cell growth
and differentiation (CDH11, TNFRSF11B, RUNX2, POSTN, ALP, WNT5A,
LEF1, HSPA5, FOS, p21) were monitored using RT-PCR with gene-specific
Taqman probes. Results Autocrine expression of BMP2 is stimulated by FGF2 and BMP2 itself.
BMP2 and FGF2 act as proliferative factors as indicated by reduced
expression of ALP and POSTN, whereas IGF1 exhibits a more subtle
picture: the Wingless und Int-1 (Wnt) signalling pathway and the
Smad pathway, but not p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signalling,
were shown to be activated by IGF1, leading to proliferation and
differentiation of the cells. Conclusions For future use of autologous bone cells in the management of
bony defects, new treatment options take advantage of growth factors
and differentiation factors. Thus, our results might help to guide
the timely application of these factors for the expansion and subsequent
differentiation of osteoblastic cells in culture. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2014;3:236–40.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Robubi
- Donauspital, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Langobardenstr. 122, 1220 Wien, Austria
| | - C Berger
- Donauspital, Department of Orthopaedics, Langobardenstr. 122, 1220 Wien, Austria
| | - M Schmid
- Donauspital, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Langobardenstr. 122, 1220 Wien, Austria
| | - K R Huber
- Donauspital, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Langobardenstr. 122, 1220 Wien, Austria
| | - A Engel
- Donauspital, Department of Orthopaedics, Langobardenstr. 122, 1220 Wien, Austria
| | - W Krugluger
- Donauspital, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Langobardenstr. 122, 1220 Wien, Austria
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Engel A. S38: Functional role of gamma-band oscillations. Clin Neurophysiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(14)50037-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ramachandran S, Engel A, Barton G, Thorner J. Sphingolipid biosynthesis and inflammatory signaling in asthma (605.21). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.605.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alex Engel
- Molecular and Cellular Biology University of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCAUnited States
| | - Greg Barton
- Molecular and Cellular Biology University of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCAUnited States
| | - Jeremy Thorner
- Molecular and Cellular Biology University of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCAUnited States
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Pokorny S, Bähr T, Huenges K, Engel A, Marczynski-Bühlow M, Morlock M, Cremer J, Lutter G. In vivo force measurement on apically fixated mitral valved stents. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1367460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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40
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Engel A, Plöger M, Mulac D, Langer K. Asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) for the quantification of nanoparticle release from tablets during dissolution testing. Int J Pharm 2014; 461:137-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Pietsch J, Paulick T, Schulz K, Flössel U, Engel A, Schmitter S, Schmidt U. Escalation of methamphetamine-related crime and fatalities in the Dresden region, Germany, between 2005 and 2011. Forensic Sci Int 2013; 233:51-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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42
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Engel A, Lysholm E. A New Roentgenological Method of Pancreas Examination and Its Practical Results. Acta Radiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/028418513401500607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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43
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Kietzmann TC, Ehinger B, Porada D, Engel A, Konig P. From stimulus onset to category selectivity in 100ms: category-selective visually evoked responses as a result of extensive category learning. J Vis 2013. [DOI: 10.1167/13.9.662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Abstract
We determine the statistics of work in isothermal volume changes of a classical ideal gas consisting of a single particle. Combining our results with the findings of Lua and Grosberg [J. Chem. Phys. B 109, 6805 (2005)] on adiabatic expansions and compressions we then analyze the joint probability distribution of heat and work for a microscopic, nonequilibrium Carnot cycle. In the quasistatic limit we recover Carnot efficiency, however, combined with nontrivial distributions of work and heat. With increasing piston speed the efficiency decreases. The efficiency at maximum power stays within recently derived bounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hoppenau
- Institut für Physik, Carl-von-Ossietzky Universität, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany.
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45
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Ramachandran S, Engel A, Barton G, Thorner J. Sphingolipid biosynthesis and inflammatory signaling in asthma. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.1107.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alex Engel
- Molecular and Cell BiologyUniversity of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCA
| | - Greg Barton
- Molecular and Cell BiologyUniversity of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCA
| | - Jeremy Thorner
- Molecular and Cell BiologyUniversity of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCA
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46
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R Shaoul
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Rambam, Israel
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47
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Rauh C, Hack CC, Häberle L, Hein A, Engel A, Schrauder MG, Fasching PA, Jud SM, Ekici AB, Loehberg CR, Meier-Meitinger M, Ozan S, Schulz-Wendtland R, Uder M, Hartmann A, Wachter DL, Beckmann MW, Heusinger K. Percent Mammographic Density and Dense Area as Risk Factors for Breast Cancer. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2012; 72:727-733. [PMID: 25258465 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1315129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Revised: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Mammographic characteristics are known to be correlated to breast cancer risk. Percent mammographic density (PMD), as assessed by computer-assisted methods, is an established risk factor for breast cancer. Along with this assessment the absolute dense area (DA) of the breast is reported as well. Aim of this study was to assess the predictive value of DA concerning breast cancer risk in addition to other risk factors and in addition to PMD. Methods: We conducted a case control study with hospital-based patients with a diagnosis of invasive breast cancer and healthy women as controls. A total of 561 patients and 376 controls with available mammographic density were included into this study. We describe the differences concerning the common risk factors BMI, parital status, use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and menopause between cases and controls and estimate the odds ratios for PMD and DA, adjusted for the mentioned risk factors. Furthermore we compare the prediction models with each other to find out whether the addition of DA improves the model. Results: Mammographic density and DA were highly correlated with each other. Both variables were as well correlated to the commonly known risk factors with an expected direction and strength, however PMD (ρ = -0.56) was stronger correlated to BMI than DA (ρ = -0.11). The group of women within the highest quartil of PMD had an OR of 2.12 (95 % CI: 1.25-3.62). This could not be seen for the fourth quartile concerning DA. However the assessment of breast cancer risk could be improved by including DA in a prediction model in addition to common risk factors and PMD. Conclusions: The inclusion of the parameter DA into a prediction model for breast cancer in addition to established risk factors and PMD could improve the breast cancer risk assessment. As DA is measured together with PMD in the process of computer-assisted assessment of PMD it might be considered to include it as one additional breast cancer risk factor that is obtained from breast imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Rauh
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen
| | - C C Hack
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen
| | - L Häberle
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen
| | - A Hein
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen
| | - A Engel
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen
| | - M G Schrauder
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen
| | - P A Fasching
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen
| | - S M Jud
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen
| | - A B Ekici
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen
| | - C R Loehberg
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen
| | | | - S Ozan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen
| | | | - M Uder
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen
| | - A Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen
| | - D L Wachter
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen
| | - M W Beckmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen
| | - K Heusinger
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen
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Chiang CY, Engel A, Opaluch AM, Ramos I, Maestre AM, Secundino I, De Jesus PD, Nguyen QT, Welch G, Bonamy GMC, Miraglia LJ, Orth AP, Nizet V, Fernandez-Sesma A, Zhou Y, Barton GM, Chanda SK. Cofactors required for TLR7- and TLR9-dependent innate immune responses. Cell Host Microbe 2012; 11:306-18. [PMID: 22423970 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2012.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2011] [Revised: 12/04/2011] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Pathogens commonly utilize endocytic pathways to gain cellular access. The endosomal pattern recognition receptors TLR7 and TLR9 detect pathogen-encoded nucleic acids to initiate MyD88-dependent proinflammatory responses to microbial infection. Using genome-wide RNAi screening and integrative systems-based analysis, we identify 190 cofactors required for TLR7- and TLR9-directed signaling responses. A set of cofactors were crossprofiled for their activities downstream of several immunoreceptors and then functionally mapped based on the known architecture of NF-κB signaling pathways. Protein complexes and pathways involved in ubiquitin-protein ligase activities, sphingolipid metabolism, chromatin modifications, and ancient stress responses were found to modulate innate recognition of endosomal nucleic acids. Additionally, hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate (HRS) was characterized as necessary for ubiquitin-dependent TLR9 targeting to the endolysosome. Proteins and pathways identified here should prove useful in delineating strategies to manipulate innate responses for treatment of autoimmune disorders and microbial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yuan Chiang
- Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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von Storp B, Engel A, Boeker A, Ploeger M, Langer K. Albumin nanoparticles with predictable size by desolvation procedure. J Microencapsul 2012; 29:138-46. [DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2011.635218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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50
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Burghaus S, Klingsiek P, Fasching PA, Engel A, Häberle L, Strissel PL, Schmidt M, Jonas K, Strehl JD, Hartmann A, Lermann J, Boosz A, Thiel FC, Müller A, Beckmann MW, Renner SP. Risk Factors for Endometriosis in a German Case-Control Study. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2011; 71:1073-1079. [PMID: 25253901 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1280436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Revised: 11/07/2011] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The etiology of endometriosis is still a research field in which few consistent data are available. Large case-control studies or even cohort studies are rare, and most of the published data are conflicting. The aim of the present study was therefore to examine common epidemiological and endometriosis-specific risk factors in a German case-control study. Design: From 2001 to 2010, a pool of 595 laparoscopically confirmed cases and 475 controls were recruited in a hospital-based setting. After matching for age, 298 cases and 300 controls remained in the pool. Age at menarche, menstrual cycle length, duration of menstrual bleeding, number of pregnancies, live births, miscarriages, use of contraceptive pills, body mass index (BMI), and smoking status were analyzed with logistic regression models predicting endometriosis case-control status. Results: Menstrual cycle length, duration of menstrual bleeding, number of pregnancies, number of miscarriages, and smoking status, as relevant predictors for endometriosis case-control status, were identified as risk factors for endometriosis. Other factors such as age at menarche, number of live births, ever having used contraceptive pills, and BMI were not predictive. Conclusions: This hospital-based case-control study reproduced most of the familiar risk factors. Comparison of this study with others reveals a wide variety of effect sizes and directions of association with risk factors and may increase the information available about the characteristics of the patient population being treated in the relevant hospital setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Burghaus
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University , Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen
| | - P Klingsiek
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University , Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen
| | - P A Fasching
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University , Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen
| | - A Engel
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University , Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen
| | - L Häberle
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University , Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen
| | - P L Strissel
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University , Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen
| | - M Schmidt
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University , Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen
| | - K Jonas
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University , Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen
| | - J D Strehl
- Institute of Pathology, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen
| | - A Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen
| | - J Lermann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University , Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen
| | - A Boosz
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University , Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen
| | - F C Thiel
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University , Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen
| | - A Müller
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University , Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen
| | - M W Beckmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University , Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen
| | - S P Renner
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University , Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen
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