1
|
Sperandio LMS, Lago GR, Albertino LG, Araújo CET, Ferreira C, Borges AS, Oliveira-Filho JP. Allele frequency of muscular genetic disorders in bull-catching (vaquejada) quarter horses. J Equine Vet Sci 2024; 136:105052. [PMID: 38531516 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2024.105052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Quarter horses (QH), a prominent athletic breed in Brazil, are affected by muscular genetic disorders such as myosin-heavy chain myopathy (MYHM), polysaccharide storage myopathy (PSSM1), hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (HyPP), and malignant hyperthermia (MH). Bull-catching (vaquejada), primarily involving QH, is a significant equestrian sport in Brazil. Since the allele frequencies (AF) of MYHM, PSSM1, HyPP, and MH in vaquejada QH remain unknown, this study evaluated the AF in 129 QH vaquejada athletes, specifically from the Brazilian Northeast. These variants were exclusively observed in heterozygosity. The MYHM exhibited the highest AF (0.04 ±0.01), followed by PSSM1 (0.01 ±0.01) and the HyPP variant (0.004 ±0.01), while the MH variant was not identified in this study. This study represents the first identification of these variants in vaquejada QH, emphasizing the need to implement measures to prevent the transmission of pathogenic alleles and reduce the occurrence of clinical cases of these genetic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L M S Sperandio
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Prof. Doutor Walter Mauricio Correa street, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, 18618681
| | - G R Lago
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Prof. Doutor Walter Mauricio Correa street, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, 18618681
| | - L G Albertino
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Prof. Doutor Walter Mauricio Correa street, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, 18618681
| | - C E T Araújo
- University Center "Doutor Leão Sampaio" (UNILEÃO), Leão Sampaio Avenue, Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará, Brazil, 63040000
| | - C Ferreira
- Group Ser Educacional (UNINASSAU), Engenheiro Roberto Freire Avenue, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59080-400, Brazil
| | - A S Borges
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Prof. Doutor Walter Mauricio Correa street, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, 18618681
| | - J P Oliveira-Filho
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Prof. Doutor Walter Mauricio Correa street, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, 18618681.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Herman M, Caceres AM, Albuquerque ALH, Leite RO, Araújo CET, Delfiol DJZ, Curi RA, Borges AS, Oliveira-Filho JP. DMRT3 Allele Frequencies in Batida- and Picada-Gaited Donkeys and Mules in Brazil. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3829. [PMID: 38136866 PMCID: PMC10741076 DOI: 10.3390/ani13243829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In Brazil, the production of mules with a comfortable gait primarily involves the breeding of marching saddle mules. This is achieved by crossing gaited Pêga donkeys with horses from the Mangalarga Marchador and Campolina breeds. The DMRT3:g.22999655C>A SNP is implicated in regulating gait phenotypes observed in various horse breeds, including the batida (CC) and picada (CA) gaits found in these horse breeds. We aimed to determine if genotypes influenced gait type in 159 mules and 203 donkeys genotyped for the DMRT3 SNP by PCR-RFLP analysis. About 47% of mules had the CC-genotype, while 53% had the CA-genotype. Donkeys predominantly had the CC-genotype (97%), and none had AA. Both CC- and CA-genotypes were evenly distributed among mules with the batida or picada gaits. In donkeys, the CC-genotype frequencies were consistent regardless of gait type. However, the CA-genotype was more common in picada-gaited donkeys than in batida-gaited donkeys. The prevalence of CA mules and the rare presence of the non-reference allele in donkeys align with previous findings in Mangalarga Marchador and Campolina horses. This suggests that the non-reference allele likely originated from the mares involved in donkey crosses. Our results also imply that factors beyond this variant, such as other genes and polymorphisms, influence gait traits in equids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Herman
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil; (M.H.); (A.M.C.); (A.L.H.A.); (R.O.L.); (A.S.B.)
| | - Amanda Manara Caceres
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil; (M.H.); (A.M.C.); (A.L.H.A.); (R.O.L.); (A.S.B.)
| | - Ana Luísa H. Albuquerque
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil; (M.H.); (A.M.C.); (A.L.H.A.); (R.O.L.); (A.S.B.)
| | - Raíssa O. Leite
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil; (M.H.); (A.M.C.); (A.L.H.A.); (R.O.L.); (A.S.B.)
| | - César Erineudo T. Araújo
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Centro Universitário Doutor Leão Sampaio (Unileão), Juazeiro do Norte 63041-140, Brazil;
| | - Diego José Z. Delfiol
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia 38405-314, Brazil;
| | - Rogério A. Curi
- Department of Breeding and Animal Nutrition, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil;
| | - Alexandre S. Borges
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil; (M.H.); (A.M.C.); (A.L.H.A.); (R.O.L.); (A.S.B.)
| | - José P. Oliveira-Filho
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil; (M.H.); (A.M.C.); (A.L.H.A.); (R.O.L.); (A.S.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bromberger CR, Costa JR, Herman M, Hernandez JM, Albertino LG, Alves CEF, Borges AS, Oliveira-Filho JP. Detection of Equus caballus Papillomavirus in Equine Aural Plaque Samples. J Equine Vet Sci 2023; 128:104877. [PMID: 37399911 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2023.104877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Aural plaques have been linked to Equus caballus papillomavirus (EcPV). Ten types of EcPVs have already been described; however, only EcPVs 1, 3, 4, 5, and 6 have been observed in association with aural plaques. Accordingly, the objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of EcPVs in equine aural plaque samples. A total of 29 aural plaque samples (from 15 horses) were collected and assessed for the presence of the DNA of these EcPVs by PCR. Additionally, 108 aural plaque samples used in previous research were evaluated for the presence of EcPVs 8 and 9. Previously described primers were used for PCR to detect EcPVs 1 to 8, and specific primers were designed for EcPV 9. Minigenes were synthesized and used as a positive control in the PCRs for the undetected EcPVs. EcPVs 2, 7, 8, and 9 were not detected in any of the evaluated samples, suggesting that these viral types are not involved in the etiology of the equine aural plaque in Brazil. EcPV 6 was the most prevalent (81%), followed by EcPVs 3 (72%), 4 (63%) and 5 (47%), which reinforces the idea that these viruses play an important role in the etiology of the equine aural plaque in Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana R Bromberger
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Julia Rodrigues Costa
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Mariana Herman
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Lukas Garrido Albertino
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Fonseca Alves
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Alexandre S Borges
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Jose P Oliveira-Filho
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chimenes ND, Caramalac SM, Caramalac SM, Fernandes TD, Basso RM, Cerri FM, Oliveira-Filho JP, Borges AS, Palumbo MIP. A complex CLCN1 variant associated with hereditary myotonia in a mixed-breed dog. J Vet Diagn Invest 2023; 35:413-416. [PMID: 37212506 PMCID: PMC10331391 DOI: 10.1177/10406387231176736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Hereditary myotonia (HM) is characterized by delayed muscle relaxation after contraction as a result of a mutation in the CLCN1 gene. We describe here a complex CLCN1 variant in a mixed-breed dog with clinical and electromyographic signs of HM. Blood samples from the myotonic dog, as well as from his male littermate and parents, were analyzed via amplification of the 23 exons encoding CLCN1. After sequencing the CLCN1 gene, a complex variant was found in exon 6 c.[705T>G; 708del; 712_732del], resulting in a premature stop codon in exon 7 and a protein that was 717 amino acids shorter than the normal CLC protein. The myotonic dog was identified as homozygous recessive for the complex CLCN1 variant; its parents were heterozygous, and its male littermate was homozygous wild-type. Knowledge of the CLCN1 mutations responsible for the development of hereditary myotonia allows greater clarification of this condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natielly D. Chimenes
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Silvana M. Caramalac
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Simone M. Caramalac
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Thiago D. Fernandes
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Roberta M. Basso
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabrício M. Cerri
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José P. Oliveira-Filho
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre S. Borges
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana I. P. Palumbo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zakia LS, MacNicol JL, Borges AS, Yu S, Boerlin P, Gomez DE, Surette MG, Arroyo LG. Fecal prevalence of Clostridium innocuum DNA in healthy horses and horses with colitis. Anaerobe 2023; 79:102681. [PMID: 36481352 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2022.102681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study compared the prevalence of C. innocuum DNA in the feces of healthy horses and horses with acute colitis. C. innocuum was identified in 22% (15/68) of colitis cases and 18% (12/68) of healthy horses (p = 0.416).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiza S Zakia
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Jennifer L MacNicol
- Department of Animal Bioscience, Ontario Agricultural College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Alexandre S Borges
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Walter Mauricio Correa Street, No Number, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, 18618-681, Brazil.
| | - Serena Yu
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Patrick Boerlin
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Diego E Gomez
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Michael G Surette
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Luis G Arroyo
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zakia LS, Albertino LG, Andrade DG, Amorim RM, Takahira RR, Oliveira-Filho JP, Borges AS. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in horses, cattle, and sheep diagnosed with rabies: A retrospective study of 62 cases. Can Vet J 2022; 63:1242-1246. [PMID: 36467385 PMCID: PMC9648481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to characterize the findings in cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) analysis of horses, cattle, and sheep diagnosed with rabies. Animals The study included 62 animals (horses, cattle, and sheep) diagnosed with rabies at a referral hospital. Methods This was a retrospective study using medical records from large animals with neurological signs and confirmed positive direct immunofluorescence test for rabies from 2003 to 2020. The results of CSF analysis are presented descriptively. Results Cerebral spinal fluid samples (N = 67) from 62 animals (31 horses, 24 cattle, and 7 sheep) were retrospectively evaluated. Of these 3 species, 28% (19/67) showed increased protein concentration, whereas 58% (39/67) presented mononuclear pleocytosis. In total, 37% of the samples (25/67) had protein concentration and total nucleated cell count within the reference range. Conclusions and clinical relevance Cerebral spinal fluid from animals diagnosed with rabies was either normal or characterized by mild mononuclear pleocytosis and hyperproteinorrachia.
Collapse
|
7
|
Borges AS. Moritz Schiff, Charles Sherrington, border cells, frogs, cats and a zebra with abnormal clinical signs. EQUINE VET EDUC 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.13679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre S. Borges
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science University of Estadual Paulista, UNESP Botucatu Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
de Albuquerque AL, Zanzarini Delfiol DJ, Andrade DGA, Albertino LG, Sonne L, Borges AS, Valberg SJ, Finno CJ, Oliveira-Filho JP. Prevalence of the E321G MYH1 variant in Brazilian Quarter Horses. Equine Vet J 2021; 54:952-957. [PMID: 34606642 DOI: 10.1111/evj.13521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the Quarter Horse (QH), myosin heavy chain myopathy (MYHM), which is characterised by nonexertional rhabdomyolysis or immune-mediated myositis (IMM) with acute muscle atrophy, is strongly associated with the missense E321G MYH1 mutation. OBJECTIVES To document the existence of MYHM in the Brazilian QH population, this study includes a case report of two related QH foals with the E321G MYH1 mutation that had clinical signs of MYHM, with histological confirmation of IMM in one of the foals. This prompted an investigation the aim of which was to determine the allele frequency of the E321G MYH1 variant across QHs using a DNA archive in Brazil. STUDY DESIGN Cross sectional. METHODS To estimate the allele frequency of the E321G MYH1 variant in Brazilian QHs, 299 DNA samples from QHs used in different disciplines (reining, barrel racing, halter, cutting and racing) were analysed. DNA fragments containing the region with the mutation were amplified by PCR and used for direct genomic sequencing. RESULTS Of the 299 genotyped QHs, 44 animals (14.7%) were heterozygous (My/N) for the E321G MYH1 variant, and 255 (85.3%) were homozygous for the wild-type allele (N/N), implying an allele frequency of 0.074. Reining horses had a significantly higher prevalence of heterozygosity than horses in other disciplines (P = .008). MAIN LIMITATIONS The DNA samples were collected from 2010 to 2014. As only registered QHs were evaluated, the results may not reflect the actual incidence in the general population of Brazilian QHs. CONCLUSIONS The reported cases of MYHM and the high prevalence of the MYH1 mutation found in the assessed Brazilian QH population, particularly in reining QHs, suggests that MYHM should be included in genetic screening. Reasonable control measures are important to prevent an increase in the incidence of MYHM in QHs in Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana L de Albuquerque
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Danilo G A Andrade
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Lukas G Albertino
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Luciana Sonne
- Sector of Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, Federal University of Rio Grande Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alexandre S Borges
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Stephanie J Valberg
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Carrie J Finno
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Jose P Oliveira-Filho
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Basso RM, Andrade DGA, Alves CEF, Laufer-Amorim R, Borges AS, Oliveira-Filho JP. Aggrecan, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α profiles in the Articular Cartilage of Miniature Horses with Chondrodysplastic Dwarfism. J Equine Vet Sci 2021; 103:103643. [PMID: 34281639 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Dwarfism is a skeletal disorder that causes abnormal growth. In Miniature horses, dwarfism can occur as chondrodysplastic dwarfism, an autosomal recessive disorder associated with five mutations (D1, D2, D3*, D4 and c.6465A > T variant) in the aggrecan (ACAN) gene. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of aggrecan (at the gene and protein level) and specific cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) in the articular cartilage of Miniature horses with chondrodysplastic dwarfism (D4/c.6465A > T genotype). Metatarsal bone samples from eight dwarf Miniature horses were collected for histopathological analysis, and articular cartilage was collected to detect and quantify aggrecan levels through Western blotting and determine the relative expression levels of ACAN, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α through qPCR. All affected animals presented chondrodysplasia-like lesions with disorganization of the chondrocyte layers and reduced the amount of an extracellular matrix. No significant difference in aggrecan expression levels in uncleaved samples from the dwarf and control groups (composed of phenotypically normal animals of similar age and breed (P = .7143)) was found using Western blotting. qPCR revealed that ACAN gene expression was higher in the affected animals than in normal animals (P = .0119). No significant difference in cytokine levels was detected between the groups. Mutant aggrecan may interfere with normal cellular function, leading to chondrodysplasia and the observed phenotypic findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta M Basso
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil
| | - Danilo G A Andrade
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil
| | - Carlos E F Alves
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil
| | - Renée Laufer-Amorim
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil
| | - Alexandre S Borges
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil
| | - Jose P Oliveira-Filho
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Scavone D, Sgorbini M, Borges AS, Oliveira-Filho JP, Vitale V, Paltrinieri S. Serial measurements of Paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity in horses with experimentally induced endotoxemia. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:422. [PMID: 33148245 PMCID: PMC7641807 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02629-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) is an antioxidant enzyme, whose activity decreases during the acute phase response in many species. Little is known about PON-1 and its role as a negative acute phase protein during septic inflammation in horses, but promising findings about its utility in diagnosing SIRS and predicting the outcome in diseased horses, were recently highlighted. The objective of the study was to investigate the behaviour of PON-1 in horses after experimentally induced endotoxemia. To this aim, PON-1 activity was measured on 66 plasma samples collected from six clinically healthy mares, previously included in another study, before and at multiple time points between 12 and 240 h after intravenous infusion of Escherichia coli O55:B5 lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Results Compared with baseline values, a progressive transient decrease of PON-1 activity was observed starting from 24 h post-infusion, with lowest values observed between 3 to 7 days post-infusion, followed by a normalisation to pre-infusion levels the tenth day. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that measurement and monitoring of PON-1 activity might be useful to evaluate progression and recovery from endotoxemia in horses. Further studies in horses with naturally occurring sepsis are warranted. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12917-020-02629-4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Scavone
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| | - Micaela Sgorbini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Univeristy of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Alexandre S Borges
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterynary Medicine and Animal Sicence, Sao PAulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - José P Oliveira-Filho
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterynary Medicine and Animal Sicence, Sao PAulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Valentina Vitale
- School of Veterinary Science, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, Australia
| | - Saverio Paltrinieri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ferreira JF, Albuquerque ALH, Amorim RM, Ferreira RS, Takahira RK, Borges AS, Oliveira-Filho JP. Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects of Brazilian Native Bothrops Envenomation in Nine Horses. J Equine Vet Sci 2020; 94:103245. [PMID: 33077082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2020.103245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this retrospective study, clinical records of nine horses with a diagnosis of Bothrops envenomation were investigated. The accidents were classified as severe (5/9), moderate (2/9), or mild (2/9) according to the adapted bothropic snakebite severity score (BSSS). All snakebites were on the head region. The main clinical signs were local edema, blood coagulation disorders, and respiratory distress. The whole-blood clotting time (WBCT) was prolonged in all horses, and five horses presented with uncoagulable blood. All horses received specific snake antivenom according to the BSSS (six vials for severe, four vials for moderate, and two vials for mild accidents), and emergency tracheotomy was required in six horses because of respiratory distress. One horse died after eight days of hospitalization, whereas the others were discharged after nine days of hospitalization. The BSSS plus the WBCT were useful in determining the prognosis and the amount and frequency of antivenom therapy. Snakebite accidents are emergency cases; therefore, rapid and efficient therapeutic intervention will reflect positively on the prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Júlia F Ferreira
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Ana Luisa H Albuquerque
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Rogerio M Amorim
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Rui S Ferreira
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Regina K Takahira
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Alexandre S Borges
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Jose P Oliveira-Filho
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Botucatu, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Andrade DGA, Basso RM, Castiglioni MCR, Silva JP, Machado VMV, Laufer-Amorim R, Borges AS, Oliveira-Filho JP. Description of the D4/D4 genotype in Miniature horses with dwarfism. J Vet Diagn Invest 2020; 32:99-102. [PMID: 31906815 DOI: 10.1177/1040638719898164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Four causative mutations (D1, D2, D3*, and D4) of chondrodysplastic dwarfism have been described in the equine aggrecan (ACAN) gene. Homozygotes for one of these mutations and heterozygotes for any combination of these mutations exhibit the disproportionate dwarfism phenotype. However, no case description of homozygotes for D4 (D4/D4) has been reported in the literature, to our knowledge. We report 2 Miniature horses with the genotype D4/D4 in the ACAN gene. Clinically, the 2 dwarfs had a domed head that was large compared to the rest of the body, mandibular prognathism, and short and bowed limbs, mainly in the proximal region of the metatarsal bones. Radiographic examination revealed contour irregularities of the subchondral bone in the long bones and confirmed mandibular prognathism; histopathology revealed irregular chondrocyte organization. To determine the genotypes of the horses, we performed DNA extraction from white blood cells, PCR, and Sanger sequencing. Genotyping demonstrated that these 2 animals had the D4/D4 genotype in the ACAN gene. The D4/D4 dwarfs were clinically similar to animals with the other ACAN genotypes reported for this disease. Identification of heterozygous animals makes mating selection possible and is the most important control measure to minimize economic losses and casualties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danilo G A Andrade
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberta M Basso
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria C R Castiglioni
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jeana P Silva
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vânia M V Machado
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renée Laufer-Amorim
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre S Borges
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José P Oliveira-Filho
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Leite RO, Ferreira JF, Araújo CET, Delfiol DJZ, Takahira RK, Borges AS, Oliveira-Filho JP. Prevalence of the Mutations Responsible for Glanzmann Thrombasthenia in Horses in Brazil. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9110960. [PMID: 31766112 PMCID: PMC6912377 DOI: 10.3390/ani9110960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hereditary bleeding disorders occur in different species due to mutations in genes coding specific hemostatic proteins leading to alterations in their synthesis, or to the production of non-functional proteins which leads to impairment of hemostasis. Some of these disorders have been described in horses, i.e., Von Willebrand disease (VWD), hemophilia A, and Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia (GT). GT is an inherited disease characterized by hemorrhage and has been described in different species including horses of varied breeds (Thoroughbred, Standardbred, Oldenburg, Peruvian Paso, and Quarter Horse). There are two different mutations described in horses a single guanine to cytosine substitution (CGG for CCG) and a 10 base pair deletion in the ITGA2B gene. Abstract Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia (GT) is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder characterized by changes in platelet aggregation, leading to hemorrhage and epistaxis. To date, two independent mutations have been described in horses and associated with this disorder, a point mutation (c.122G > C) and a 10-base-pair deletion (g.1456_1466del) in the Integrin subunit alpha2β gene (ITGA2B) of horses of different breeds (Quarter Horse, Thoroughbred, Oldenburg, and Peruvian Paso). ITGA2B codifies the αIIb subunit of the αIIbβ3 integrin, also termed platelet fibrinogen receptor. Horses with GT have been diagnosed in the USA, Canada, Japan, and Australia. However, there are no studies on the prevalence of GT in horses. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of the mutations responsible for GT in horses in Brazil. A total of 1053 DNA samples of clinically healthy Quarter Horse (n = 679) and Warmblood horses (n = 374) were used. DNA fragments were amplified by PCR and sequenced. The genotype of each animal was analyzed and compared to the nucleotide sequence of the ITGA2B gene found on GenBankTM. There were no carriers in the analyzed samples, that is, all animals tested were wild type. Therefore, under the conditions in which this study was carried out, it can be inferred that GT seems to be extremely rare in the population of Quarter Horses and Warmbloods in Brazil, although it is not possible to affirm that there are no horses carrying mutated alleles in Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raíssa O. Leite
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science,18618-681 Botucatu, Brazil; (R.O.L.); (J.F.F.); (C.E.T.A.); (R.K.T.); (A.S.B.)
| | - Júlia F. Ferreira
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science,18618-681 Botucatu, Brazil; (R.O.L.); (J.F.F.); (C.E.T.A.); (R.K.T.); (A.S.B.)
| | - César E. T. Araújo
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science,18618-681 Botucatu, Brazil; (R.O.L.); (J.F.F.); (C.E.T.A.); (R.K.T.); (A.S.B.)
| | - Diego J. Z. Delfiol
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 38405-320 Uberlândia, Brazil;
| | - Regina K. Takahira
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science,18618-681 Botucatu, Brazil; (R.O.L.); (J.F.F.); (C.E.T.A.); (R.K.T.); (A.S.B.)
| | - Alexandre S. Borges
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science,18618-681 Botucatu, Brazil; (R.O.L.); (J.F.F.); (C.E.T.A.); (R.K.T.); (A.S.B.)
| | - Jose P. Oliveira-Filho
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science,18618-681 Botucatu, Brazil; (R.O.L.); (J.F.F.); (C.E.T.A.); (R.K.T.); (A.S.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-14-38802083
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mira J, Herman M, Zakia LS, Olivo G, Araújo JP, Borges AS, Oliveira-Filho JP. Frequency of Equus caballus papillomavirus in equine aural plaques. J Vet Diagn Invest 2018; 30:565-568. [PMID: 29601778 DOI: 10.1177/1040638717753495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the reported association between aural plaques and the presence of Equus caballus papillomavirus (EcPV), there are few data regarding the distribution of viral types in different geographic regions or possible correlations for different papillomaviruses and lesion characteristics. We detected the presence and frequency of EcPV (1-7) DNA in aural plaque biopsies of horses from different regions of Brazil and identified the patterns of these infections or coinfections and their possible association with lesion severity. A total of 108 aural plaque biopsies from horses in the 5 geopolitical regions of Brazil were examined. We performed PCR to detect EcPV DNA in the biopsies. At least 1 type of EcPV was detected in 97% of the samples. EcPV coinfection was observed in 59% of the samples. Compared to the other viruses, EcPV-4 was found at the highest frequency in coinfection (84%) or individually identified (32%). EcPV-2 and -7 were not detected. No significant association was found between lesion characteristics (type and distribution) and either the viral type detected or the presence of coinfection. EcPV is widely distributed in Brazil, both isolated and in coinfection; the viral type does not appear to influence the clinical characteristics of equine aural plaques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Mira
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (Mira, Herman, Zakia, Olivo, Borges, Oliveira-Filho), Botucatu, Brazil.,Institute of Biosciences (Araújo Jr), Botucatu, Brazil.,São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Brazil.,Research Group in Veterinary Medicine - GIVET, School of Veterinary Medicine, Unilasallista-Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, Caldas-Antioquia, Colombia (Mira)
| | - Mariana Herman
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (Mira, Herman, Zakia, Olivo, Borges, Oliveira-Filho), Botucatu, Brazil.,Institute of Biosciences (Araújo Jr), Botucatu, Brazil.,São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Brazil.,Research Group in Veterinary Medicine - GIVET, School of Veterinary Medicine, Unilasallista-Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, Caldas-Antioquia, Colombia (Mira)
| | - Luiza S Zakia
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (Mira, Herman, Zakia, Olivo, Borges, Oliveira-Filho), Botucatu, Brazil.,Institute of Biosciences (Araújo Jr), Botucatu, Brazil.,São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Brazil.,Research Group in Veterinary Medicine - GIVET, School of Veterinary Medicine, Unilasallista-Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, Caldas-Antioquia, Colombia (Mira)
| | - Giovane Olivo
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (Mira, Herman, Zakia, Olivo, Borges, Oliveira-Filho), Botucatu, Brazil.,Institute of Biosciences (Araújo Jr), Botucatu, Brazil.,São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Brazil.,Research Group in Veterinary Medicine - GIVET, School of Veterinary Medicine, Unilasallista-Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, Caldas-Antioquia, Colombia (Mira)
| | - João P Araújo
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (Mira, Herman, Zakia, Olivo, Borges, Oliveira-Filho), Botucatu, Brazil.,Institute of Biosciences (Araújo Jr), Botucatu, Brazil.,São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Brazil.,Research Group in Veterinary Medicine - GIVET, School of Veterinary Medicine, Unilasallista-Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, Caldas-Antioquia, Colombia (Mira)
| | - Alexandre S Borges
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (Mira, Herman, Zakia, Olivo, Borges, Oliveira-Filho), Botucatu, Brazil.,Institute of Biosciences (Araújo Jr), Botucatu, Brazil.,São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Brazil.,Research Group in Veterinary Medicine - GIVET, School of Veterinary Medicine, Unilasallista-Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, Caldas-Antioquia, Colombia (Mira)
| | - José P Oliveira-Filho
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (Mira, Herman, Zakia, Olivo, Borges, Oliveira-Filho), Botucatu, Brazil.,Institute of Biosciences (Araújo Jr), Botucatu, Brazil.,São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Brazil.,Research Group in Veterinary Medicine - GIVET, School of Veterinary Medicine, Unilasallista-Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, Caldas-Antioquia, Colombia (Mira)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Araujo CE, Delfiol DJ, Badial PR, Oliveira-Filho JP, Araujo-Junior JP, Borges AS. Prevalence of the Glycogen Branching Enzyme Deficiency Mutation in Quarter Horses in Brazil. J Equine Vet Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
16
|
Wurster F, Bassuino DM, Silva GS, Oliveira-Filho JP, Borges AS, Pavarini SP, Driemeier D, Sonne L. Granuloma leproide canino: estudo de 27 casos. Pesq Vet Bras 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2017001100017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
RESUMO: O granuloma leproide canino (GLC) é uma doença micobacteriana que cursa com lesão nodular, cutânea ou subcutânea, tipicamente auto limitante, decorrente de infecção pelo Mycobacterium. É uma doença dermatológica rara, usualmente relatada em países de clima tropical. O objetivo deste trabalho é caracterizar as alterações microscópicas e epidemiológicas de casos de GLC. Além disso, utilizar exames complementares para demonstração do Mycobacterium sp. na lesão analisada utilizando coloração de Ziehl-Neelsen, imuno-histoquímica e PCR para classificação e sequenciamento da espécie de Mycobacterium. Foram analisados 27 casos de GLC diagnosticados no período compreendido de 2005 a 2014 (21 exames histológicos e seis citológicos). A raça mais acometida foi Boxer (33,3%), seguida da Dachshund (11,1%). Foi frequente o acometimento de caninos de grande porte (64%) e de pelame curto (96%). Não foi possível estabelecer qualquer padrão de sazonalidade do GLC. As lesões se localizaram anatomicamente no pavilhão auricular na maioria dos casos (93%), constituindo-se de nódulos únicos ou múltiplos, ulcerados ou não. Em nenhum dos casos foi observado acometimento sistêmico. Lesões histológicas seguiram três padrões que variaram de nodulares a difusos, com infiltrado granulomatoso/piogranulomatoso com envolvimento de derme superficial e profunda. A observação de bacilos pela coloração de Ziehl-Neelsen confirmou o diagnóstico. Este teste demonstrou grande variação na quantidade de bacilos nas lesões, não relacionado estatisticamente ao tipo da lesão nem ao período evolutivo. A imuno-histoquímica foi positiva em 90% dos casos, e em alguns casos facilitou a identificação de bacilos, entretanto, em dois casos ocorreram resultados negativos mesmo havendo marcação pela coloração de Ziehl-Neelsen. Na técnica de PCR realizada em 18 amostras, 44% dos casos foram positivos, duas sequências inespecíficas, e demonstrou ainda, que Mycobacterium murphy foi responsável por 2 casos e Mycobacterium hodleri em um caso. Em outros três casos não se obteve 100% de semelhança entre o produto sequenciado e os demais Mycobacterium.
Collapse
|
17
|
Oliveira-Filho JP, Badial PR, Liboreiro RM, Conceição LG, Winand NJ, Borges AS. Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome in a Mangalarga–Campolina Crossbreed Mare. J Equine Vet Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2017.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
18
|
Mira J, Herman M, Zakia LS, Olivo G, Araujo JP, Borges AS, Oliveira‐Filho JP. Factors associated with equine aural plaque in Brazil. Vet Dermatol 2016; 27:408-e104. [DOI: 10.1111/vde.12360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Mira
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Campus de BotucatuUNESP – University Estadual PaulistaBotucatu Sao Paulo 18618970 Brazil
| | - Mariana Herman
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Campus de BotucatuUNESP – University Estadual PaulistaBotucatu Sao Paulo 18618970 Brazil
| | - Luiza S. Zakia
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Campus de BotucatuUNESP – University Estadual PaulistaBotucatu Sao Paulo 18618970 Brazil
| | - Giovane Olivo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Campus de BotucatuUNESP – University Estadual PaulistaBotucatu Sao Paulo 18618970 Brazil
| | - Joao P. Araujo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology Biosciences Institute Campus de Botucatu UNESP – Univ. Estadual Paulista Botucatu Sao Paulo 18618970 Brazil
| | - Alexandre S. Borges
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Campus de BotucatuUNESP – University Estadual PaulistaBotucatu Sao Paulo 18618970 Brazil
| | - José P. Oliveira‐Filho
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Campus de BotucatuUNESP – University Estadual PaulistaBotucatu Sao Paulo 18618970 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zakia LS, Olivo G, Basso RM, Mira J, Herman M, Araujo JP, Borges AS, Oliveira-Filho JP. Imiquimod treatment forEquus caballuspapillomavirus infection in equine aural plaques. Vet Dermatol 2016; 27:175-e44. [DOI: 10.1111/vde.12305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luiza S. Zakia
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science and; UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista; Campus de Botucatu Botucatu SP 18618970 Brazil
| | - Giovane Olivo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science and; UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista; Campus de Botucatu Botucatu SP 18618970 Brazil
| | - Roberta M. Basso
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science and; UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista; Campus de Botucatu Botucatu SP 18618970 Brazil
| | - Juliana Mira
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science and; UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista; Campus de Botucatu Botucatu SP 18618970 Brazil
| | - Mariana Herman
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science and; UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista; Campus de Botucatu Botucatu SP 18618970 Brazil
| | - Joao P. Araujo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology; Biosciences Institute; UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista; Campus de Botucatu Botucatu SP 18618970 Brazil
| | - Alexandre S. Borges
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science and; UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista; Campus de Botucatu Botucatu SP 18618970 Brazil
| | - José P. Oliveira-Filho
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science and; UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista; Campus de Botucatu Botucatu SP 18618970 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Cagnini DQ, Cunha PH, Pantoja JC, Badial PR, Oliveira-Filho JPD, Araújo-Junior JP, Alfieri AA, Borges AS. Histopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular study of BHV-5 infection in the central nervous system of experimentally infected calves. Pesq Vet Bras 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2015000400004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bovine meningoencephalitis caused by BHV-5, a double-stranded DNA enveloped virus that belongs to the family Herpesviridae and subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae, is an important differential diagnosis of central nervous diseases. The aim of this study was to describe the histological changes in the central nervous system of calves experimentally infected with BHV-5 and compare these changes with the PCR and IHC results. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded central nervous system samples from calves previously inoculated with BHV-5 were microscopically evaluated and tested using IHC and PCR. All the animals presented with nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis. From 18 evaluated areas of each calf, 32.41% and 35.19% were positive by IHC and PCR, respectively. The telencephalon presented more accentuated lesions and positive areas in the PCR than other encephalic areas and was the best sampling area for diagnostic purposes. Positive areas in the IHC and PCR were more injured than IHC and PCR negative areas. The animal with neurological signs showed more PCR- and IHC-positive areas than the other animals.
Collapse
|
21
|
Badial PR, Cisneros-Àlvarez LE, Brandão CVS, Ranzani JJT, Tomaz MARV, Machado VM, Borges AS. Ocular dimensions, corneal thickness, and corneal curvature in quarter horses with hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia. Vet Ophthalmol 2014; 18:385-92. [PMID: 25338739 DOI: 10.1111/vop.12222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to compare ocular dimensions, corneal curvature, and corneal thickness between horses affected with hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia (HERDA) and unaffected horses. ANIMALS Five HERDA-affected quarter horses and five healthy control quarter horses were used. METHODS Schirmer's tear test, tonometry, and corneal diameter measurements were performed in both eyes of all horses prior to ophthalmologic examinations. Ultrasonic pachymetry was performed to measure the central, temporal, nasal, dorsal, and ventral corneal thicknesses in all horses. B-mode ultrasound scanning was performed on both eyes of each horse to determine the dimensions of the ocular structures and to calculate the corneal curvature. RESULTS Each corneal region examined in this study was thinner in the affected group compared with the healthy control group. However, significant differences in corneal thickness were only observed for the central and dorsal regions. HERDA-affected horses exhibited significant increases in corneal curvature and corneal diameter compared with unaffected animals. The ophthalmologic examinations revealed mild corneal opacity in one eye of one affected horse and in both eyes of three affected horses. No significant between-group differences were observed for Schirmer's tear test, intraocular pressure, or ocular dimensions. CONCLUSIONS Hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia-affected horses exhibit decreased corneal thickness in several regions of the cornea, increased corneal curvature, increased corneal diameter, and mild corneal opacity. Additional research is required to determine whether the increased corneal curvature significantly impacts the visual accuracy of horses with HERDA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peres R Badial
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis Emiliano Cisneros-Àlvarez
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Valéria S Brandão
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Joaquim T Ranzani
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mayana A R V Tomaz
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vania M Machado
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre S Borges
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Badial PR, Oliveira-Filho JP, Pantoja JCF, Moreira JCL, Conceição LG, Borges AS. Dermatological and morphological findings in quarter horses with hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia. Vet Dermatol 2014; 25:547-54, e95-6. [PMID: 24964390 DOI: 10.1111/vde.12145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia (HERDA) is an autosomal recessive disorder affecting quarter horses (QHs); affected horses exhibit characteristic skin abnormalities related to abnormal collagen biosynthesis. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES To characterize the thickness and morphological abnormalities of the skin of HERDA-affected horses and to determine the interobserver agreement and the diagnostic accuracy of histopathological examination of skin biopsies from horses with HERDA. ANIMALS Six affected QHs, confirmed by DNA testing, from a research herd and five unaffected QHs from a stud farm. METHODS The skin thickness in 25 distinct body regions was measured on both sides in all affected and unaffected horses. Histopathological and ultrastructural evaluation of skin biopsies was performed. RESULTS The average skin thickness in all of the evaluated regions was thinner in the affected horses. A statistically significant difference between skin thickness of the affected and unaffected animals was observed only when the average magnitude of difference was ≥38.7% (P = 0.038). The interobserver agreement for the histopathological evaluation was fair to substantial. The histopathological sensitivity for the diagnosis of HERDA was dependent on the evaluator and ranged from 73 to 88%, whereas the specificity was affected by the region sampled and ranged from 35 to 75%. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Despite the regional pattern of the cutaneous signs, skin with decreased thickness was not regionally distributed in the HERDA-affected horses. Histopathological evaluation is informative but not conclusive for establishing the diagnosis. Samples of skin from the neck, croup or back are useful for diagnosis of HERDA. However, the final diagnosis must be confirmed using molecular testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peres R Badial
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Badial PR, Oliveira-Filho JP, Winand NJ, Borges AS. Allele frequency of hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia in American Quarter horses in Brazil determined by quantitative real-time PCR with high resolution melting analysis. Vet J 2014; 199:306-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
24
|
Oliveira-Filho JP, Badial PR, Cunha PHJ, Bordon AP, Araujo Jr JP, Divers TJ, Winand NJ, Borges AS. Freund's adjuvant-induced inflammation: clinical findings and its effect on hepcidin mRNA expression in horses. Pesq Vet Bras 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2014000100009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hypoferremia observed during systemic inflammatory disorders is regulated by hepcidin. Hepcidin up-regulation is particularly important during acute inflammation, as it restricts the availability of iron, which is necessary for pathogenic microorganism growth before adaptive immunity occurs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical findings and hepatic hepcidin mRNA expression in horses using a Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) model of inflammation. The expression of hepcidin mRNA in the liver was determined in healthy horses following two intramuscular injections of FCA at 0 h and 12 h. Plasma iron and fibrinogen concentrations were measured at multiple time points between 0 h and 240 h post-FCA injection (PI). Hepcidin mRNA expression was determined by RT-qPCR using liver biopsy samples performed at 0 h (control), 6 h and 18 h PI. The mean plasma fibrinogen level was significantly different from the control values only between 120 and 216 h PI. The mean plasma iron level was significantly lower than the control between 16 and 72 h PI, reaching the lowest levels at 30 h PI (33 % of the initial value), and returned to the reference value from 96 h PI to the end of the experiment. Hepcidin mRNA expression increased at 6 h PI and remained high at 18 h PI. The iron plasma concentration was an earlier indicator of inflammatory processes in horses when compared with fibrinogen and might be useful for the early detection of inflammation in the horse. FCA administration caused the rapid onset of hypoferremia, and this effect was likely the result of up-regulated hepatic hepcidin gene expression. This study emphasizes the importance of hepcidin and iron metabolism during inflammation in horses.
Collapse
|
25
|
Gorino AC, Oliveira-Filho JP, Taniwaki SA, Basso RM, Zakia LS, Araujo JP, Borges AS. Use of PCR to estimate the prevalence of Equus caballus papillomavirus in aural plaques in horses. Vet J 2013; 197:903-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2012] [Revised: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
26
|
Muniz E, Lobo Ladd AAB, Lobo Ladd FV, da Silva AAP, Kmit FV, Borges AS, Teixeira R, da Mota LSLS, Belli CB, de Zoppa ALV, da Silva LCLC, de Melo MP, Coppi AA. 3-D technology used to accurately understand equine ileocolonic aganglionosis. Cells Tissues Organs 2013; 198:160-8. [PMID: 23886660 DOI: 10.1159/000353218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ileocolonic aganglionosis (ICA) is the congenital and hereditary absence of neurons that constitute the enteric nervous system and has been described in various species including humans - Hirschsprung's disease - and horses - overo lethal white syndrome (OLWS). Hirschsprung's disease affects circa 1 in 5,000 live births. At best, this disease means an inability to absorb nutrients from food (humans). At worse, in horses, it always means death. Despite our general understanding of the functional mechanisms underlying ICA, there is a paucity of reliable quantitative information about the structure of myenteric and submucosal neurons in healthy horses and there are no studies on horses with ICA. In light of these uncertainties, we have used design-based stereology to describe the 3-D structure - total number and true size - of myenteric and submucosal neurons in the ileum of ICA horses. Our study has shown that ICA affects all submucosal neurons and 99% of myenteric neurons. The remaining myenteric neurons (0.56%) atrophy immensely, i.e. 63.8%. We believe this study forms the basis for further research, assessing which subpopulation of myenteric neurons are affected by ileocolonic aganglionosis, and we would like to propose a new nomenclature to distinguish between a complete absence of neurons - aganglionosis - and a weaker form of the disease which we suggest naming 'hypoganglionosis'. Our results are a step forward in understanding this disease structurally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eliane Muniz
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurogastroenterology, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Badial PR, Rashmir-Raven AM, Cagnini DQ, Oliveira-Filho JP, Cooley AJ, Cunha PHJ, Kitchell BE, Conceição LG, Mochal CA, Borges AS. Marjolin’s Ulcer in Two Horses with Hereditary Equine Regional Dermal Asthenia. J Equine Vet Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2012.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
28
|
Delfiol DJ, Cagnini DQ, Cunha PH, Crosignani N, Wouters AT, Wouters F, Driemeier D, Borges AS. Aspectos clínicos e laboratoriais em ovinos submetidos a dietas com níveis elevados de enxofre com objetivo de indução de polioencefalomalácia. Pesq Vet Bras 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2013000400004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A polioencefalomalacia (PEM) é uma doença neurológica que acomete ruminantes e pode ser desencadeada por diversos fatores, dentre eles o consumo excessivo de enxofre. Este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a relação entre dietas ricas em enxofre, altos níveis de gás sulfídrico ruminal e a ocorrência de polioencefalomalácia em ovinos. Foram utilizados 18 ovinos, divididos em três grupos (G1, G2 e G3) que receberam diferentes níveis de enxofre na dieta; 0,2%, 0,9% e 1,2%, respectivamente. Exames físicos (frequência cardíaca, frequência respiratória, temperatura retal e motricidade ruminal) e complementares (concentração de sulfeto de hidrogênio ruminal, hemogasometria venosa, pH do fluído ruminal, concentração de cobre sérico e hepático, tomografia computadorizada, necropsia e histopatologia) foram realizados. A temperatura retal, a hemogasometria venosa e o pH do fluido ruminal permaneceram dentro dos valores de referência para a espécie. A motricidade ruminal estava diminuída nos grupos G2 e G3 em comparação com o G1 (controle). Quanto maior a ingestão de enxofre, menores foram os níveis de cobre sérico e hepático. Valores elevados de sulfeto de hidrogênio ruminal foram detectados nos grupos G2 e G3. Nenhum animal apresentou sinais clínicos de PEM. Nos exames de tomografia computadorizada, necropsia e exame histopatológico do sistema nervoso central (SNC), não foram observadas alterações compatíveis com PEM. É provável que algum outro fator esteja associado ao excesso de enxofre na dieta para o desenvolvimento de PEM em ovinos.
Collapse
|
29
|
Silva ROS, Ribeiro MG, Palhares MS, Borges AS, Maranhão RPA, Silva MX, Lucas TM, Olivo G, Lobato FCF. Detection of A/B toxin and isolation of Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens from foals. Equine Vet J 2013; 45:671-5. [PMID: 23452044 DOI: 10.1111/evj.12046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2012] [Accepted: 12/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
REASONS FOR PERFORMING THE STUDY Toxin detection and screening could contribute to knowledge of the transmission patterns, risk factors and epidemiology of Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens. OBJECTIVE To isolate C. difficile and C. perfringens and to detect A/B toxins in faecal samples from diarrhoeic and nondiarrhoeic foals. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional observational study. METHODS A total of 153 samples from foals were collected: 139 samples from farms and 14 samples from diarrhoeic foals admitted to a veterinary hospital. The A/B toxins were detected by cytotoxicity assay. All suspected colonies of C. perfringens were subjected to polymerase chain reaction for detection of the major toxin genes (α, β, ε and ι) and for detection of β2-, NetB- and enterotoxin-encoding genes. Furthermore, C. difficile and C. perfringens isolates were evaluated for in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility. RESULTS Seven of 153 (4.6%) samples, all from diarrhoeic foals, were positive for C. difficile A/B toxin. Of these, 5 of 14 (35.7%) were from hospitalised foals, and only 2 of 63 (3.2%) diarrhoeic foal samples were from farms (P = 0.002). Clostridium perfringens was isolated from 31 (20.3%) foals, of which 21 of 76 (27.6%) were diarrhoeic and 10 of 76 (13.2%) were nondiarrhoeic, demonstrating a difference between these 2 groups (P = 0.045). Only 4 strains were positive for the β2-encoding gene (cpb2). All C. difficile and C. perfringens isolates were susceptible to metronidazole and vancomycin. CONCLUSIONS The present report highlights the need for laboratory diagnostics to differentiate C. difficile-associated infection in foals from other causes of diarrhoea to facilitate adequate antimicrobial therapy. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE More studies are needed to clarify the role of C. perfringens as a primary agent of diarrhoea in foals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R O S Silva
- Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Petersen JL, Mickelson JR, Cothran EG, Andersson LS, Axelsson J, Bailey E, Bannasch D, Binns MM, Borges AS, Brama P, da Câmara Machado A, Distl O, Felicetti M, Fox-Clipsham L, Graves KT, Guérin G, Haase B, Hasegawa T, Hemmann K, Hill EW, Leeb T, Lindgren G, Lohi H, Lopes MS, McGivney BA, Mikko S, Orr N, Penedo MCT, Piercy RJ, Raekallio M, Rieder S, Røed KH, Silvestrelli M, Swinburne J, Tozaki T, Vaudin M, M Wade C, McCue ME. Genetic diversity in the modern horse illustrated from genome-wide SNP data. PLoS One 2013; 8:e54997. [PMID: 23383025 PMCID: PMC3559798 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Horses were domesticated from the Eurasian steppes 5,000-6,000 years ago. Since then, the use of horses for transportation, warfare, and agriculture, as well as selection for desired traits and fitness, has resulted in diverse populations distributed across the world, many of which have become or are in the process of becoming formally organized into closed, breeding populations (breeds). This report describes the use of a genome-wide set of autosomal SNPs and 814 horses from 36 breeds to provide the first detailed description of equine breed diversity. F(ST) calculations, parsimony, and distance analysis demonstrated relationships among the breeds that largely reflect geographic origins and known breed histories. Low levels of population divergence were observed between breeds that are relatively early on in the process of breed development, and between those with high levels of within-breed diversity, whether due to large population size, ongoing outcrossing, or large within-breed phenotypic diversity. Populations with low within-breed diversity included those which have experienced population bottlenecks, have been under intense selective pressure, or are closed populations with long breed histories. These results provide new insights into the relationships among and the diversity within breeds of horses. In addition these results will facilitate future genome-wide association studies and investigations into genomic targets of selection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Petersen
- University of Minnesota, College of Veterinary Medicine, St Paul, MN, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Borges AS, Barbosa JD, Resende LAL, Mota LSLS, Amorim RM, Carvalho TL, Garcia JF, Oliveira-Filho JP, Oliveira CMC, Souza JES, Winand NJ. Clinical and molecular study of a new form of hereditary myotonia in Murrah water buffalo. Neuromuscul Disord 2013; 23:206-13. [PMID: 23339992 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2012.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2012] [Revised: 11/04/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary myotonia caused by mutations in CLCN1 has been previously described in humans, goats, dogs, mice and horses. The goal of this study was to characterize the clinical, morphological and genetic features of hereditary myotonia in Murrah buffalo. Clinical and laboratory evaluations were performed on affected and normal animals. CLCN1 cDNA and the relevant genomic region from normal and affected animals were sequenced. The affected animals exhibited muscle hypertrophy and stiffness. Myotonic discharges were observed during EMG, and dystrophic changes were not present in skeletal muscle biopsies; the last 43 nucleotides of exon-3 of the CLCN1 mRNA were deleted. Cloning of the genomic fragment revealed that the exclusion of this exonic sequence was caused by aberrant splicing, which was associated with the presence of a synonymous SNP in exon-3 (c.396C>T). The mutant allele triggered the efficient use of an ectopic 5' splice donor site located at nucleotides 90-91 of exon-3. The predicted impact of this aberrant splicing event is the alteration of the CLCN1 translational reading frame, which results in the incorporation of 24 unrelated amino acids followed by a premature stop codon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre S Borges
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Petersen JL, Mickelson JR, Rendahl AK, Valberg SJ, Andersson LS, Axelsson J, Bailey E, Bannasch D, Binns MM, Borges AS, Brama P, da Câmara Machado A, Capomaccio S, Cappelli K, Cothran EG, Distl O, Fox-Clipsham L, Graves KT, Guérin G, Haase B, Hasegawa T, Hemmann K, Hill EW, Leeb T, Lindgren G, Lohi H, Lopes MS, McGivney BA, Mikko S, Orr N, Penedo MCT, Piercy RJ, Raekallio M, Rieder S, Røed KH, Swinburne J, Tozaki T, Vaudin M, Wade CM, McCue ME. Genome-wide analysis reveals selection for important traits in domestic horse breeds. PLoS Genet 2013; 9:e1003211. [PMID: 23349635 PMCID: PMC3547851 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Intense selective pressures applied over short evolutionary time have resulted in homogeneity within, but substantial variation among, horse breeds. Utilizing this population structure, 744 individuals from 33 breeds, and a 54,000 SNP genotyping array, breed-specific targets of selection were identified using an F(ST)-based statistic calculated in 500-kb windows across the genome. A 5.5-Mb region of ECA18, in which the myostatin (MSTN) gene was centered, contained the highest signature of selection in both the Paint and Quarter Horse. Gene sequencing and histological analysis of gluteal muscle biopsies showed a promoter variant and intronic SNP of MSTN were each significantly associated with higher Type 2B and lower Type 1 muscle fiber proportions in the Quarter Horse, demonstrating a functional consequence of selection at this locus. Signatures of selection on ECA23 in all gaited breeds in the sample led to the identification of a shared, 186-kb haplotype including two doublesex related mab transcription factor genes (DMRT2 and 3). The recent identification of a DMRT3 mutation within this haplotype, which appears necessary for the ability to perform alternative gaits, provides further evidence for selection at this locus. Finally, putative loci for the determination of size were identified in the draft breeds and the Miniature horse on ECA11, as well as when signatures of selection surrounding candidate genes at other loci were examined. This work provides further evidence of the importance of MSTN in racing breeds, provides strong evidence for selection upon gait and size, and illustrates the potential for population-based techniques to find genomic regions driving important phenotypes in the modern horse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Petersen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Taniwaki SA, Magro AJ, Gorino AC, Oliveira-Filho JP, Fontes MRM, Borges AS, Araujo JP. Phylogenetic and structural studies of a novel equine papillomavirus identified from aural plaques. Vet Microbiol 2012; 162:85-93. [PMID: 22995874 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2012] [Revised: 08/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Papillomaviruses (PVs) infect a wide range of animal species and show great genetic diversity. To date, excluding equine sarcoids, only three species of PVs were identified associated with lesions in horses: Equus caballus papillomavirus 1 (EcPV1-cutaneous), EcPV2 (genital) and EcPV3 (aural plaques). In this study, we identified a novel equine PV from aural plaques, which we designated EcPV4. Cutaneous samples from horses with lesions that were microscopically diagnosed as aural plaques were subjected to DNA extraction, amplification and sequencing. Rolling circle amplification and inverse PCR with specific primers confirmed the presence of an approximately 8 kb circular genome. The full-length EcPV4 L1 major capsid protein sequence has 1488 nucleotides (495 amino acids). EcPV4 had a sequence identity of only 53.3%, 60.2% and 51.7% when compared with the published sequences for EcPV1, EcPV2 and EcPV3, respectively. A Bayesian phylogenetic analysis indicated that EcPV4 clusters with EcPV2, but not with EcPV1 and EcPV3. Using the current PV classification system that is based on the nucleotide sequence of L1, we could not define the genus of the newly identified virus. Therefore, a structural analysis of the L1 protein was carried out to aid in this classification because EcPV4 cause lesion similar to the lesion caused by EcPV3. A comparison of the superficial loops demonstrated a distinct amino acid conservation pattern between EcPV4/EcPV2 and EcPV4/EcPV3. These results demonstrate the presence of a new equine PV species and that structural studies could be useful in the classification of PVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sueli A Taniwaki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Biosciences Institute, Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-970, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Oliveira-Filho JP, Monteiro LN, Delfiol DJZ, Sequeira JL, Amorim RM, Fabris VE, Del Piero F, Borges AS. Mycobacterium DNA detection in liver and skin of a horse with generalized sarcoidosis. J Vet Diagn Invest 2012; 24:596-600. [DOI: 10.1177/1040638712440996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a rare equine skin disease characterized primarily by an exfoliative and granulomatous dermatitis but also presenting granulomatous inflammation of multiple systems. The current report presents the clinical and histopathological findings of sarcoidosis in a 16-year-old American Quarter Horse gelding with nested polymerase chain reaction Mycobacterium spp. DNA detection within hepatic and skin samples. Mycobacterium spp. may play a role in the pathogenesis of equine sarcoidosis as has been proposed for human sarcoidosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José P. Oliveira-Filho
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Univ Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil (Oliveira-Filho, Monteiro, Delfiol, Sequeira, Amorim, Borges)
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Botucatu, SP, Brazil (Fabris)
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA (Del Piero)
| | - Lidianne N. Monteiro
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Univ Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil (Oliveira-Filho, Monteiro, Delfiol, Sequeira, Amorim, Borges)
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Botucatu, SP, Brazil (Fabris)
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA (Del Piero)
| | - Diego José Z. Delfiol
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Univ Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil (Oliveira-Filho, Monteiro, Delfiol, Sequeira, Amorim, Borges)
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Botucatu, SP, Brazil (Fabris)
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA (Del Piero)
| | - Julio L. Sequeira
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Univ Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil (Oliveira-Filho, Monteiro, Delfiol, Sequeira, Amorim, Borges)
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Botucatu, SP, Brazil (Fabris)
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA (Del Piero)
| | - Rogério M. Amorim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Univ Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil (Oliveira-Filho, Monteiro, Delfiol, Sequeira, Amorim, Borges)
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Botucatu, SP, Brazil (Fabris)
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA (Del Piero)
| | - Viciany E. Fabris
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Univ Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil (Oliveira-Filho, Monteiro, Delfiol, Sequeira, Amorim, Borges)
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Botucatu, SP, Brazil (Fabris)
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA (Del Piero)
| | - Fabio Del Piero
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Univ Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil (Oliveira-Filho, Monteiro, Delfiol, Sequeira, Amorim, Borges)
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Botucatu, SP, Brazil (Fabris)
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA (Del Piero)
| | - Alexandre S. Borges
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Univ Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil (Oliveira-Filho, Monteiro, Delfiol, Sequeira, Amorim, Borges)
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Botucatu, SP, Brazil (Fabris)
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA (Del Piero)
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Delfiol DJZ, Oliveira-Filho JP, Casalecchi FL, Kievitsbosch T, Hussni CA, Riet-Correa F, Araujo JP, Borges AS. Equine poisoning by coffee husk (Coffea arabica L.). BMC Vet Res 2012; 8:4. [PMID: 22239973 PMCID: PMC3317824 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-8-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Accepted: 01/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In Brazil, coffee (Coffea arabica) husks are reused in several ways due to their abundance, including as stall bedding. However, field veterinarians have reported that horses become intoxicated after ingesting the coffee husks that are used as bedding. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether coffee husk consumption causes intoxication in horses. Results Six horses fed coast cross hay ad libitum were given access to coffee husks and excitability, restlessness, involuntary muscle tremors, chewing movements and constant tremors of the lips and tongue, excessive sweating and increased respiration and heart rates were the most evident clinical signs. Caffeine levels were measured in the plasma and urine of these horses on two occasions: immediately before the coffee husks were made available to the animals (T0) and at the time of the clinical presentation of intoxication, 56 h after the animals started to consume the husks (T56). The concentrations of caffeine in the plasma (p < 0.001) and urine (p < 0.001) of these animals were significantly greater at T56 than at T0. Conclusions It was concluded that consumption of coffee husks was toxic to horses due to the high levels of caffeine present in their composition. Therefore, coffee husks pose a risk when used as bedding or as feed for horses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Jose Z Delfiol
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618970, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
|
37
|
Oliveira-Filho JP, Badial PR, Cunha PHJ, Peiró JR, Araújo JP, Divers TJ, Winand NJ, Borges AS. Lipopolysaccharide infusion up-regulates hepcidin mRNA expression in equine liver. Innate Immun 2011; 18:438-46. [PMID: 21926164 DOI: 10.1177/1753425911420181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepcidin has been found to be the key regulator of iron metabolism that leads to hypoferremia during inflammation. Recent work has shown that equine hepcidin is predominantly expressed in the liver of horses. In this study, hepcidin gene expression was determined in the liver and bone marrow of six healthy horses after iv infusion of Escherichia coli O55:B5 LPS. The IL-6 gene expression was also determined in liver and bone marrow samples. Clinical and laboratory evaluations were measured at multiple time points between 0 and 240 h post-LPS infusion (PI). Liver and bone marrow biopsies were taken immediately before (baseline) and at 6 and 18 h PI. In response to endotoxin infusion, all horses showed characteristic clinical signs of endotoxemia. Plasma iron concentration was decreased significantly from the pre-infusion level at 8 h PI. Hypoferremia peak was observed at 12 h and returned to normal levels at 30 h PI. Relative real-time RT-PCR analysis showed that liver hepcidin and IL-6 mRNA expression was up-regulated at 6 h PI. Bone marrow hepcidin relative expression was not influenced by LPS infusion. In another experiment, equine monocyte cultures were stimulated with LPS (1 µg/ml). Monocyte hepcidin and IL-6 gene expression was significantly induced after 2 h of LPS stimulus and returned to baseline levels thereafter. The present study describes that, in horses, LPS infusion up-regulates hepatic hepcidin mRNA expression resulting in early observed hypoferremia and suggests that hepcidin may act as an acute-phase protein in horses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José P Oliveira-Filho
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Badial PR, Oliveira Filho JP, Cunha PHJ, Cagnini DQ, Araújo JP, Winand NJ, Borges AS. Identification, characterization and expression analysis of hepcidin gene in sheep. Res Vet Sci 2011; 90:443-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2010] [Revised: 07/14/2010] [Accepted: 07/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
39
|
Cisneros LE, Palumbo MIP, Mortari AC, Rahal SC, Resende LAL, Vulcano LC, Borges AS. What is your neurologic diagnosis? Hyperadrenocorticism. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2011; 238:1247-9. [PMID: 21568766 DOI: 10.2460/javma.238.10.1247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis E Cisneros
- Department of Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Rubião Júnior s/n, Botucatu, SP 18618-000, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Badial PR, Oliveira-Filho JP, Cunha PHJ, Araújo JP, Peiró JR, Divers TJ, Winand NJ, Borges AS. Influence of experimental inflammatory response on hepatic hepcidin gene expression and plasma iron concentration in sheep. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2011; 141:157-61. [PMID: 21440316 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2010] [Revised: 01/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Hepcidin is a highly conserved disulfide-bonded peptide that plays a central role in iron homeostasis. During systemic inflammation, hepcidin up-regulation is responsible for hypoferremia. This study aimed to analyze the influence of the inflammatory process induced by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the liver expression of hepcidin mRNA transcripts and plasma iron concentration of sheep. The expression levels of hepcidin transcripts were up-regulated after CFA or LPS. Hypoferremic response was observed at 12 h (15.46 ± 6.05 μmol/L) or 6h (14.59 ± 4.38μmol/L) and iron reached its lowest level at 96 h (3.08 ± 1.18 μmol/L) or 16h (4.06 ± 1.58 μmol/L) after CFA administration or LPS infusion, respectively. This study demonstrated that the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin was up-regulated in sheep liver in response to systemic inflammation. These findings extend our knowledge on the relationship between the systemic inflammatory response, hepcidin and iron, and provide a starting point for additional studies on iron metabolism and the inflammatory process in sheep.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peres R Badial
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Fioretto ET, Rahal SC, Borges AS, Mayhew TM, Nyengaard JR, Marcondes JS, Balieiro JCDC, Teixeira CR, de Melo MP, Ladd FVL, Ladd AABL, de Lima AR, da Silva AAP, Coppi AA. Hypertrophy and neuron loss: structural changes in sheep SCG induced by unilateral sympathectomy. Int J Dev Neurosci 2011; 29:475-81. [PMID: 21334426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2011.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2011] [Accepted: 02/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, superior cervical ganglionectomy has been performed to investigate a variety of scientific topics from regulation of intraocular pressure to suppression of lingual tumour growth. Despite these recent advances in our understanding of the functional mechanisms underlying superior cervical ganglion (SCG) growth and development after surgical ablation, there still exists a need for information concerning the quantitative nature of the relationships between the removed SCG and its remaining contralateral ganglion and between the remaining SCG and its modified innervation territory. To this end, using design-based stereological methods, we have investigated the structural changes induced by unilateral ganglionectomy in sheep at three distinct timepoints (2, 7 and 12 weeks) after surgery. The effects of time, and lateral (left-right) differences, were examined by two-way analyses of variance and paired t-tests. Following removal of the left SCG, the main findings were: (i) the remaining right SCG was bigger at shorter survival times, i.e. 74% at 2 weeks, 55% at 7 weeks and no increase by 12 weeks, (ii) by 7 weeks after surgery, the right SCG contained fewer neurons (no decrease at 2 weeks, 6% fewer by 7 weeks and 17% fewer by 12 weeks) and (iii) by 7 weeks, right SCG neurons were also larger and the magnitude of this increase grew substantially with time (no rise at 2 weeks, 77% by 7 weeks and 215% by 12 weeks). Interaction effects between time and ganglionectomy-induced changes were significant for SCG volume and mean perikaryal volume. These findings show that unilateral superior cervical ganglionectomy has profound effects on the contralateral ganglion. For future investigations, it would be interesting to examine the interaction between SCGs and their innervation targets after ganglionectomy. Is the ganglionectomy-induced imbalance between the sizes of innervation territories the milieu in which morphoquantitative changes, particularly changes in perikaryal volume and neuron number, occur? Mechanistically, how would those changes arise? Are there any grounds for believing in a ganglionectomy-triggered SCG cross-innervation and neuroplasticity?
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emerson T Fioretto
- Department of Morphology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Laboratory of Cellular and Structural Biology, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Aracaju, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Cunha PH, Badial PR, Cagnini DQ, Oliveira-Filho JP, Moares LF, Takahira RK, Amorim RL, Borges AS. Polioencefalomalacia experimental em bovinos induzida por toxicose por enxofre. Pesq Vet Bras 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2011000100007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
O presente trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar os sinais clínicos, as concentrações do sulfeto de hidrogênio ruminal e as alterações anatomopatológicas associadas à intoxicação experimental por enxofre em bovinos. Foram utilizados dez bezerros mestiços leiteiros, sendo que quatro bovinos ingeriram ração sem sulfato de sódio (G1) e seis consumiram ração com sulfato de sódio (G2). Exames clínicos (temperatura retal, frequência cardíaca e respiratória e motricidade ruminal) e laboratoriais (hemograma, fibrinogênio, proteína plasmática, pH do fluido ruminal, concentração do sulfeto de hidrogênio ruminal, líquido cerebrospinal e histopatológico) foram realizados. A temperatura retal, frequência cardíaca, hemograma, fibrinogênio, proteína plasmática, pH do fluido ruminal e os valores do líquido cerebrospinal estavam dentro dos valores de referência para a espécie. Taquipnéia, hipomotricidade ruminal e elevados valores de sulfeto de hidrogênio ruminal foram observados nos bezerros do grupo G2. Um bezerro do grupo G2 apresentou sinais neurológicos e lesões histopatológicas de PEM. Dois animais de cada grupo foram eutanasiados. Lesões microscópicas foram observadas nos bezerros do G2. Histologicamente as alterações observadas foram necrose neuronal cortical e lesões hemorrágicas nos núcleos basais, tálamo, mesencéfalo, ponte e bulbo. O protocolo experimental constituído por uma dieta rica em carboidrato de alta fermentação, baixa quantidade de fibra efetiva e altos níveis de enxofre (0,52%) ocasionou alterações clinicas e histológicas e elevadas concentrações de sulfeto de hidrogênio ruminal compatíveis com quadro de intoxicação por enxofre.
Collapse
|
43
|
Peiró JR, Borges AS, Gonçalves RC, Mendes LCN. Evaluation of a portable clinical analyzer for the determination of blood gas partial pressures, electrolyte concentrations, and hematocrit in venous blood samples collected from cattle, horses, and sheep. Am J Vet Res 2010; 71:515-21. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.71.5.515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
44
|
Sousa NR, Adorno VB, Marcondes JS, Oliveira Filho JP, Conceição LG, Amorim RL, Borges AS. Características clínicas e histopatológicas da placa aural em eqüinos das raças Mangalarga e Quarto de Milha. Pesq Vet Bras 2008. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2008000600004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Placa aural é uma variante da papilomatose eqüina. Foram examinados 306 eqüinos da raça Mangalarga e 275 da raça Quarto de Milha, com o objetivo de comparar a ocorrência da placa aural entre os animais destas raças, e caracterizar os achados clínicos e histopatológicos desta enfermidade. A ocorrência da placa aural foi 57% nos eqüinos da raça Mangalarga e 35% nos eqüinos da raça Quarto de Milha. Clinicamente as lesões consistiram de placas aplainadas, descamativas e hipocrômicas, formadas com freqüência pela coalescência de pequenas pápulas. Os principais achados histopatológicos foram hiperplasia epidérmica e hipomelanose levando à alteração abrupta entre o epitélio normal e o epitélio acometido pela placa aural.
Collapse
|
45
|
Oliveira Filho JP, Silva DP, Pacheco MD, Mascarini LM, Ribeiro MG, Alfieri AA, Alfieri AF, Stipp DT, Barros BJ, Borges AS. Diarréia em bezerros da raça Nelore criados extensivamente: estudo clínico e etiológico. Pesq Vet Bras 2007. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2007001000006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A diarréia é considerada uma das principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade de bezerros neonatos. Foram colhidas 100 amostras fecais diarréicas e 30 amostras não diarréicas (grupo controle), de bezerros Nelore com até nove semanas de idade com o objetivo de detectar os enteropatógenos Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, rotavírus, coronavírus, Cryptosporidium spp. e ovos de helmintos. Enteropatógenos foram detectados em 79,0% das amostras diarréicas e em 70,0% das amostras não-diarréicas. No grupo de bezerros com diarréia, E. coli (69,0%) foi o agente mais freqüentemente isolado, seguido de Cryptosporidium spp. (30,0%), coronavírus (16,0%) e rotavírus (11,0%). No grupo controle, E. coli, Cryptosporidium spp. e coronavírus foram detectados, respectivamente, em 66,7%, 10,0% e 3,3% das amostras. Salmonella spp. e ovos de estrongilídeos não foram encontrados nos dois grupos avaliados. A fímbria K99 foi identificada exclusivamente nas linhagens de E. coli isoladas de bezerros com diarréia (5,8%). Entre os antimicrobianos avaliados "in vitro" a enrofloxacina, a norfloxacina e a gentamicina foram os mais efetivos. O peso dos bezerros aos 210 dias de idade não apresentou diferença significativa entre os animais com e sem diarréia.
Collapse
|
46
|
Borges AS, Divers TJ, Stokol T, Mohammed OH. Serum iron and plasma fibrinogen concentrations as indicators of systemic inflammatory diseases in horses. J Vet Intern Med 2007; 21:489-94. [PMID: 17552456 DOI: 10.1892/0891-6640(2007)21[489:siapfc]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Detection of systemic inflammation, which is important for proper diagnosis and prompt treatment, can be challenging. HYPOTHESIS Measurement of plasma iron concentration is a sensitive method for detecting systemic inflammation in horses compared with measurements of plasma fibrinogen concentration, a traditional marker for inflammation in the horse. ANIMALS Ninety-seven horses hospitalized with diseases causing systemic inflammation, 22 horses with localized inflammation, and 12 clinically normal horses were included in this study. METHODS A retrospective study was made on hospitalized horses that had both plasma iron and fibrinogen concentrations measured on hospital admission. RESULTS Plasma iron concentration was lower in horses with systemic inflammation (64 +/- 45 microg/dL) than the reference interval minimum (105 microg/dL) and were significantly lower (P = .001) than the value in a group of horses with local inflammation (123 +/- 45 microg/dL) and in healthy transported horses (143 +/- 29 microg/dL). Low plasma iron and high fibrinogen concentrations were both sensitive indicators of systemic inflammation in horses with sensitivity of 90 and 82%, respectively. There was a similar correlation between either continued decreases in iron concentration (Rsp of 0.239) or increases in fibrinogen concentration (Rsp of 0.280) during hospitalization and a worse prognosis. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Measurement of plasma iron concentration better reflected acute inflammation than did fibrinogen concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre S Borges
- From the Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Sao Paulo State University, Unesp, FMVZ Botucatu SP, Brazil.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Flaminio MJBF, Borges AS, Nydam DV, Horohov DW, Hecker R, Matychak MB. The effect of CpG-ODN on antigen presenting cells of the foal. J Immune Based Ther Vaccines 2007; 5:1. [PMID: 17254326 PMCID: PMC1797044 DOI: 10.1186/1476-8518-5-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2006] [Accepted: 01/25/2007] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Background Cytosine-phosphate-guanosine oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG-ODN) has been used successfully to induce immune responses against viral and intracellular organisms in mammals. The main objective of this study was to test the effect of CpG-ODN on antigen presenting cells of young foals. Methods Peripheral blood monocytes of foals (n = 7) were isolated in the first day of life and monthly thereafter up to 3 months of life. Adult horse (n = 7) monocytes were isolated and tested once for comparison. Isolated monocytes were stimulated with IL-4 and GM-CSF (to obtain dendritic cells, DC) or not stimulated (to obtain macrophages). Macrophages and DCs were stimulated for 14–16 hours with either CpG-ODN, LPS or not stimulated. The stimulated and non-stimulated cells were tested for cell surface markers (CD86 and MHC class II) using flow cytometry, mRNA expression of cytokines (IL-12, IFNα, IL-10) and TLR-9 using real time quantitative RT-PCR, and for the activation of the transcription factor NF-κB p65 using a chemiluminescence assay. Results The median fluorescence of the MHC class II molecule in non-stimulated foal macrophages and DCs at birth were 12.5 times and 11.2 times inferior, respectively, than adult horse cells (p = 0.009). That difference subsided at 3 months of life (p = 0.3). The expression of the CD86 co-stimulatory molecule was comparable in adult horse and foal macrophages and DCs, independent of treatment. CpG-ODN stimulation induced IL-12p40 (53 times) and IFNα (23 times) mRNA expression in CpG-ODN-treated adult horse DCs (p = 0.078), but not macrophages, in comparison to non-stimulated cells. In contrast, foal APCs did not respond to CpG-ODN stimulation with increased cytokine mRNA expression up to 3 months of age. TLR-9 mRNA expression and NF-kB activation (NF-kB p65) in foal DCs and macrophages were comparable (p > 0.05) to adult horse cells. Conclusion CpG-ODN treatment did not induce specific maturation and cytokine expression in foal macrophages and DCs. Nevertheless, adult horse DCs, but not macrophages, increased their expression of IL-12 and IFNα cytokines upon CpG-ODN stimulation. Importantly, foals presented an age-dependent limitation in the expression of MHC class II in macrophages and DCs, independent of treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Julia BF Flaminio
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Alexandre S Borges
- Departamento de Clinica Veterinaria, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Julio de Mesquita Filho', UNESP-Campus de Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Daryl V Nydam
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostics Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - David W Horohov
- Department of Veterinary Science, Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Rolf Hecker
- Qiagen GmbH, Hilden, Germany; current address Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mary Beth Matychak
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Mota LS, Curi RA, Palmieri DA, Borges AS, Lopes CR, Barbosa JD, Gimenes MA. Sequence characterization of coding regions of the myostatin gene (GDF8) from Brazilian Murrah buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) and comparison with the Bos taurus sequence. Genet Mol Biol 2006. [DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572006000100016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rogério A. Curi
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Hoane JS, Gennari SM, Dubey JP, Ribeiro MG, Borges AS, Yai LEO, Aguiar DM, Cavalcante GT, Bonesi GL, Howe DK. Prevalence of Sarcocystis neurona and Neospora spp. infection in horses from Brazil based on presence of serum antibodies to parasite surface antigen. Vet Parasitol 2005; 136:155-9. [PMID: 16310955 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2005] [Revised: 10/10/2005] [Accepted: 10/21/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sera from 961 horses from Brazil were tested for antibodies against the major surface antigens SnSAG4 and NhSAG1 to determine the seroprevalence of Sarcocystis neurona and Neospora hughesi, respectively. Antibodies against SnSAG4 were detected in 669 (69.6%) of the horses, while antibodies against NhSAG1 were detected in only 24 (2.5%) of the horses. These serologic results suggest that there is a high concentration of S. neurona in the environment of Brazil, which results in marked exposure of horses to this parasite. Additionally, the data further confirm that infection with Neospora spp. is relatively uncommon in horses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica S Hoane
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, 108 Gluck Equine Research Center, Lexington, KY 40546-0099, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Mendes LCN, Peiró JR, Feitosa FLE, Luvizotto MCR, Borges AS, Ciarlini PC, Perri SHV. Effect of age and abomasal puncture on peritoneal fluid, hematology, and serum biochemical analyses in young calves. J Vet Intern Med 2005; 19:899-904. [PMID: 16355688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The goals of this study were to evaluate techniques for collection of peritoneal fluid from calves, establish reference ranges for fibrinogen in peritoneal fluid during the 1st month of life, and determine if abomasal puncture would alter peritoneal fluid or hematologic variables. Twenty-two healthy Holstein calves underwent 3 peritoneal fluid collections on day 1, day 15, and day 30 of age. Fibrinogen concentration in peritoneal fluid was 0.20 g/dL and 0.10 g/dL (P < .05) for day 1 and day 30, respectively, and 0.10 at day 15 (P > .05) for calves without abomasal puncture. Plasma fibrinogen concentration was 0.60 g/dL and 0.70 g/ dL (P < .05) for days 15 and 30, respectively, in calves without abomasal puncture. There were no significant differences (P < or = .05) in peritoneal fluid and peripheral blood total protein and fibrinogen concentrations, specific gravity, total and differential cell count, or erythrocyte counts between calves with or without abomasal puncture. We concluded that the reference ranges established for fibrinogen and total protein concentration are important for accurate evaluation of peritoneal fluid in calves for further comparison with similar-aged animals with gastrointestinal-tract or abdominal-cavity disease. Additionally, accidental abomasal puncture does not alter values of fibrinogen, total protein, and nucleated cell count in peritoneal fluid and does not cause apparent clinical abnormalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Claudio N Mendes
- Departamento de Clínica, Cirurgia e Reprodução Animal, Unesp, Campus de Araçatuba, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|