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Labaran AN, Zango ZU, Tailor G, Alsadig A, Usman F, Mukhtar MT, Garba AM, Alhathlool R, Ibnaouf KH, Aldaghri OA. Biosynthesis of copper nanoparticles using Alstonia scholaris leaves and its antimicrobial studies. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5589. [PMID: 38453990 PMCID: PMC10920664 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56052-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The utilization of plants for the production of metallic nanoparticles is gaining significant attention in research. In this study, we conducted phytochemical screening of Alstonia scholaris (A. scholaris) leaves extracts using various solvents, including chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-hexane, methanol, and water. Our findings revealed higher proportions of flavonoids and alkaloids in both solvents compared to other phytochemical species. In the methanol, extract proteins, anthraquinone and reducing sugar were not detected. On the other hand, the aqueous extract demonstrated the presence of amino acids, reducing sugar, phenolic compounds, anthraquinone, and saponins. Notably, ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts displayed the highest levels of bioactive compounds among all solvents. Intrigued by these results, we proceeded to investigate the antibacterial properties of the leaf extracts against two major bacterial strains, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). All extracts exhibited significant zones of inhibition against both bacterial isolates, with S. aureus showing higher susceptibility compared to E. coli. Notably, the methanol extract displayed the most potent I hibitory effect against all organisms. Inspired by the bioactivity of the methanol extract, we employed it as a plant-based material for the green synthesis of copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs). The synthesized Cu-NPs were characterized using Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-visible spectroscopic analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The observed color changes confirmed the successful formation of Cu-NPs, while the FTIR analysis matched previously reported peaks, further verifying the synthesis. The SEM micrographs indicated the irregular shapes of the surface particles. From the result obtained by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic analysis, Cu has the highest relative abundance of 67.41 wt%. Confirming the purity of the Cu-NPs colloid. These findings contribute to the growing field of eco-friendly nanotechnology and emphasize the significance of plant-mediated approaches in nanomaterial synthesis and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Nasir Labaran
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Mewar University, Gangrar, Chittorgarh, Rajasthan, 312901, India
| | - Zakariyya Uba Zango
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Applied Science, Al-Qalam University, Katsina, Nigeria.
| | - Giriraj Tailor
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Mewar University, Gangrar, Chittorgarh, Rajasthan, 312901, India
| | - Ahmed Alsadig
- CNR NANOTEC Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Fahad Usman
- Engineering Unit, Department of Mathematics, Connecticut State Community College Norwalk, Connecticut State Colleges and Universities (CSCU), Hartford, USA
| | - Muhammad Tukur Mukhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Mewar University, Gangrar, Chittorgarh, Rajasthan, 312901, India
| | - Alhassan Muhammad Garba
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Mewar University, Gangrar, Chittorgarh, Rajasthan, 312901, India
| | - Raed Alhathlool
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), 13318, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khalid Hassan Ibnaouf
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), 13318, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osamah A Aldaghri
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), 13318, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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