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Mendes CP, Albert WR, Amir Z, Ancrenaz M, Ash E, Azhar B, Bernard H, Brodie J, Bruce T, Carr E, Clements GR, Davies G, Deere NJ, Dinata Y, Donnelly CA, Duangchantrasiri S, Fredriksson G, Goossens B, Granados A, Hearn A, Hon J, Hughes T, Jansen P, Kawanishi K, Kinnaird M, Koh S, Latinne A, Linkie M, Loi F, Lynam AJ, Meijaard E, Mohd-Azlan J, Moore JH, Nathan SKSS, Ngoprasert D, Novarino W, Nursamsi I, O'Brien T, Ong R, Payne J, Priatna D, Rayan DM, Reynolds G, Rustam R, Selvadurai S, Shia A, Silmi M, Sinovas P, Sribuarod K, Steinmetz R, Struebig MJ, Sukmasuang R, Sunarto S, Tarmizi T, Thapa A, Traeholt C, Wearn OR, Wibisono HB, Wilting A, Wong ST, Wong ST, Word J, Chiok WX, Zainuddin ZZ, Luskin MS. CamTrapAsia: A dataset of tropical forest vertebrate communities from 239 camera trapping studies. Ecology 2024:e4299. [PMID: 38650359 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Information on tropical Asian vertebrates has traditionally been sparse, particularly when it comes to cryptic species inhabiting the dense forests of the region. Vertebrate populations are declining globally due to land-use change and hunting, the latter frequently referred as "defaunation." This is especially true in tropical Asia where there is extensive land-use change and high human densities. Robust monitoring requires that large volumes of vertebrate population data be made available for use by the scientific and applied communities. Camera traps have emerged as an effective, non-invasive, widespread, and common approach to surveying vertebrates in their natural habitats. However, camera-derived datasets remain scattered across a wide array of sources, including published scientific literature, gray literature, and unpublished works, making it challenging for researchers to harness the full potential of cameras for ecology, conservation, and management. In response, we collated and standardized observations from 239 camera trap studies conducted in tropical Asia. There were 278,260 independent records of 371 distinct species, comprising 232 mammals, 132 birds, and seven reptiles. The total trapping effort accumulated in this data paper consisted of 876,606 trap nights, distributed among Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia, Bhutan, Thailand, Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Nepal, and far eastern India. The relatively standardized deployment methods in the region provide a consistent, reliable, and rich count data set relative to other large-scale pressence-only data sets, such as the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) or citizen science repositories (e.g., iNaturalist), and is thus most similar to eBird. To facilitate the use of these data, we also provide mammalian species trait information and 13 environmental covariates calculated at three spatial scales around the camera survey centroids (within 10-, 20-, and 30-km buffers). We will update the dataset to include broader coverage of temperate Asia and add newer surveys and covariates as they become available. This dataset unlocks immense opportunities for single-species ecological or conservation studies as well as applied ecology, community ecology, and macroecology investigations. The data are fully available to the public for utilization and research. Please cite this data paper when utilizing the data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calebe P Mendes
- Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- School of the Environment, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Zachary Amir
- School of the Environment, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Eric Ash
- WildCRU, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Badrul Azhar
- Department of Forest Science and Biodiversity, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Henry Bernard
- Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | - Jedediah Brodie
- Wildlife Biology, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, USA
| | - Tom Bruce
- School of the Environment, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Elliot Carr
- School of the Environment, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Glyn Davies
- Sabah Landscape Programme, World Wildlife Fund, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | - Nicolas J Deere
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE), University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Yoan Dinata
- Indonesia Program, Zoological Society of London, London, UK
| | | | - Somphot Duangchantrasiri
- Wildlife Research Division, "Department of National Parks, Plant, and Wildlife Conservation", Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | - Alys Granados
- Felidae Conservation Fund, Mill Valley, California, USA
| | - Andrew Hearn
- WildCRU, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jason Hon
- Malaysia Program, World Wildlife Fund, Kuching, Malaysia
| | - Tom Hughes
- Conservation Medicine, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia
| | - Patrick Jansen
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Kae Kawanishi
- Malaysian Conservation Alliance for Tigers (MYCAT), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Sharon Koh
- Malaysia Program, World Wildlife Fund, Kuching, Malaysia
| | - Alice Latinne
- Viet Nam Country Program, Wildlife Conservation Society, New York, New York, USA
| | - Matthew Linkie
- Indonesia Program, Wildlife Conservation Society, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Federica Loi
- Regional Veterinary Epidemiological Observatory, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Anthony J Lynam
- Thailand Program, Wildlife Conservation Society, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | | | | | | | | | - Dusit Ngoprasert
- Conservation Ecology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Thon Buri, Thailand
| | - Wilson Novarino
- Department of Biology, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia
| | - Ilyas Nursamsi
- School of the Environment, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Robert Ong
- Borneo Rhino Alliance, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | - John Payne
- Borneo Rhino Alliance, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | - Dolly Priatna
- Graduate School of Environmental Management, Pakuan University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - D Mark Rayan
- Malaysia Program, Wildlife Conservation Society, New York, New York, USA
| | - Glen Reynolds
- Conservation Programme, South East Asia Rainforest Research Partnership (SEARRP), Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | - Rustam Rustam
- Faculty of Forestry, Mulawarman University, Kota Samarinda, Indonesia
| | - Sasidhran Selvadurai
- Department of Forest Science and Biodiversity, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | | | - Muhammad Silmi
- Biodiversity Division, United Plantations Berhad-PT Surya Sawit Sejati, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia
| | - Pablo Sinovas
- Cambodia Programme, Fauna & Flora International, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Kriangsak Sribuarod
- Klongsang Wildlife Research Station, Department of National Park Wildlife and Plant, Khlong Saeng Wildlife Research Station, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Matthew J Struebig
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE), University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | | | | | | | - Arjun Thapa
- School of the Environment, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Carl Traeholt
- Research and Conservation Division, Copenhagen Zoo, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Oliver R Wearn
- Vietnam Programme, Fauna & Flora International, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Andreas Wilting
- Department of Ecological Dynamics, Leibniz Institute of Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Seth Timothy Wong
- Department of Ecological Dynamics, Leibniz Institute of Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Siew Te Wong
- Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre, Sandakan, Malaysia
| | | | - Wen Xuan Chiok
- Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Matthew Scott Luskin
- School of the Environment, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Schmid P, Pinder S, Wheatley D, Zummit C, Macaskill EJ, Hu J, Price R, Bundred N, Hadad S, Shia A, Sarker SJ, Lim L, Mousa K, O'Brien C, Wilson TR, Lackner MR, Gendreau S, Gazinska P, Korbie D, Trau M, Mainwaring P, Thompson A, Purushotham A. Abstract P2-08-02: Interaction of PIK3CA mutation subclasses with response to preoperative treatment with the PI3K inhibitor pictilisib in patients with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p2-08-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Although preclinical data suggest that combining PI3K inhibitors with endocrine therapy may overcome resistance, results from randomized clinical trials have failed to identify a subgroup of patients that derive a substantial benefit. This preoperative window study assessed whether adding the PI3K inhibitor pictilisib can increase the anti-tumor effects of anastrozole in primary breast cancer and aimed to identify the most appropriate patient population for combination therapy.
Methods: In this randomized, open-label, phase 2 study, 167 postmenopausal women with newly diagnosed, operable, ER-positive, HER2-negative breast cancers were recruited. Participants were randomly allocated (2:1, favoring the combination) to two-weeks of preoperative treatment with anastrozole 1 mg once daily or the combination of anastrozole 1mg with pictilisib 260 mg once daily. The primary endpoint was inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, as measured by change in Ki-67 protein expression between tumor samples taken before and at the end of treatment. Secondary endpoints include induction of apoptosis (Caspase3) and safety. Comprehensive biomarkers analyses included targeted NGS of a comprehensive cancer panel of >400 genes (Ampliseq Comprehensive Cancer panel), copy number variation analyses, and pre- and post-treatment reverse-phase protein arrays (RPPA) and RNA profiling (NanoString nCounter platform).
Results:There was significantly greater geometric mean Ki67 suppression of 82.5% (90% CI, 78.3%-85.8%) for the combination vs 70.7% (61.0%-78.0%) for anastrozole [geometric mean ratio (combination/ anastrozole) 0.60 (0.58-0.85);p=0.01]. Higher baseline Ki67, Luminal B status and/or negative PR status were associated with increased benefit from adding pictilisib. A significant interaction was observed between PIK3CA mutation subtypes [helical domain mutations (HD), kinase domain mutations (KD), wildtype (WT)] and mean Ki67 suppression; the combination/anastrozole geometric mean ratio of Ki67 suppression was 0.48 (0.27-0.84; p=0.02) for patients with HD mutations and 0.63 (0.39–1.0; p=0.05) for patients with PIK3Ca WT, compared to 1.17 (0.57–2.41; p=0.64) for patients with KD mutations. This was largely due to patients with HD mutations showing a particularly poor response to anastrozole alone [mean Ki67 suppression 53.9% (9.5%-76.5%)], that was reversed by the addition of pictilisib [mean Ki-67 suppression 78.1% (71.0%-83.4%)]. On the other hand, patients with KD mutations responded well to anastrozole alone [mean Ki-67 suppression 77.7% (57.0%-88.4%)] and showed no benefit from the addition of pictilisib [mean Ki-67 suppression 73.9% (59.8%-83.0%)]. There was no significant difference in induction of apoptosis between treatment groups. Comprehensive pre- and post-treatment biomarkers analyses will be presented.
Conclusions: Adding pictilisib to anastrozole significantly increases the anti-proliferative response to preoperative treatment with anastrozole. A significant interaction was observed between PIK3CA mutation subtypes, with patients with helical domain mutations showing a particularly poor response to anastrozole alone that was reversed by the addition of pictilisib.
Citation Format: Schmid P, Pinder S, Wheatley D, Zummit C, Macaskill EJ, Hu J, Price R, Bundred N, Hadad S, Shia A, Sarker S-J, Lim L, Mousa K, O'Brien C, Wilson TR, Lackner MR, Gendreau S, Gazinska P, Korbie D, Trau M, Mainwaring P, Thompson A, Purushotham A. Interaction of PIK3CA mutation subclasses with response to preoperative treatment with the PI3K inhibitor pictilisib in patients with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-08-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Schmid
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Genentech, San Francisco; Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Cancer Centre at Guy's Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane City, Australia; Mater Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston
| | - S Pinder
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Genentech, San Francisco; Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Cancer Centre at Guy's Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane City, Australia; Mater Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston
| | - D Wheatley
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Genentech, San Francisco; Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Cancer Centre at Guy's Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane City, Australia; Mater Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston
| | - C Zummit
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Genentech, San Francisco; Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Cancer Centre at Guy's Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane City, Australia; Mater Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston
| | - EJ Macaskill
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Genentech, San Francisco; Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Cancer Centre at Guy's Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane City, Australia; Mater Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston
| | - J Hu
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Genentech, San Francisco; Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Cancer Centre at Guy's Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane City, Australia; Mater Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston
| | - R Price
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Genentech, San Francisco; Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Cancer Centre at Guy's Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane City, Australia; Mater Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston
| | - N Bundred
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Genentech, San Francisco; Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Cancer Centre at Guy's Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane City, Australia; Mater Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston
| | - S Hadad
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Genentech, San Francisco; Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Cancer Centre at Guy's Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane City, Australia; Mater Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston
| | - A Shia
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Genentech, San Francisco; Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Cancer Centre at Guy's Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane City, Australia; Mater Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston
| | - S-J Sarker
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Genentech, San Francisco; Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Cancer Centre at Guy's Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane City, Australia; Mater Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston
| | - L Lim
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Genentech, San Francisco; Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Cancer Centre at Guy's Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane City, Australia; Mater Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston
| | - K Mousa
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Genentech, San Francisco; Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Cancer Centre at Guy's Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane City, Australia; Mater Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston
| | - C O'Brien
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Genentech, San Francisco; Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Cancer Centre at Guy's Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane City, Australia; Mater Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston
| | - TR Wilson
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Genentech, San Francisco; Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Cancer Centre at Guy's Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane City, Australia; Mater Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston
| | - MR Lackner
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Genentech, San Francisco; Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Cancer Centre at Guy's Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane City, Australia; Mater Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston
| | - S Gendreau
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Genentech, San Francisco; Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Cancer Centre at Guy's Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane City, Australia; Mater Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston
| | - P Gazinska
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Genentech, San Francisco; Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Cancer Centre at Guy's Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane City, Australia; Mater Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston
| | - D Korbie
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Genentech, San Francisco; Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Cancer Centre at Guy's Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane City, Australia; Mater Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston
| | - M Trau
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Genentech, San Francisco; Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Cancer Centre at Guy's Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane City, Australia; Mater Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston
| | - P Mainwaring
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Genentech, San Francisco; Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Cancer Centre at Guy's Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane City, Australia; Mater Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston
| | - A Thompson
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Genentech, San Francisco; Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Cancer Centre at Guy's Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane City, Australia; Mater Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston
| | - A Purushotham
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Genentech, San Francisco; Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Cancer Centre at Guy's Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane City, Australia; Mater Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston
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Schmid P, Pinder SE, Bundred N, Wheatley D, Macaskill J, Zammit C, Hu J, Price R, Shia A, Lim L, Parker P, Molinero L, Yu J, O'Brien C, Wilson T, Savage H, Derynck M, Lackner MR, Amler L, Purushotham A, Thompson A, Gendreau S. Abstract P5-13-01: Transcript analysis of PI3K and immune-related genes and gene signatures in the pre- and post-treatment samples from the window of opportunity study of anastrozole and anastrozole with pictilisib (GDC-0941) in patients with HR-positive early breast cancer (OPPORTUNE study). Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p5-13-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The OPPORTUNE Study randomized postmenopausal patients (pts) to receive 2-week preoperative treatment with anastrozole (ANA) plus pictilisib ("ANA+PIC" arm) or ANA alone. Patients had newly diagnosed, operable, ER+, HER2- invasive breast cancer of ≥1 cm size. The primary outcome at interim analysis (n=70) revealed that the addition of PIC significantly increased the anti-proliferative response to ANA as measured by reduction in Ki67 immunohistochemistry (IHC). Multivariate analyses suggested benefit of PIC for patients with luminal B disease (Schmid et al. SABCS 2014).
Methods: RNA expression analysis of ∼800 breast cancer-related genes was performed on patients analyzed at the interim analysis, including 14 (ANA) and 20 (ANA+PIC) patients with matched pre- and post- treatment paired tumour samples using the nCounter platform (NanoString). Differential expression of individual genes by arm was assessed using paired and moderated t-tests and statistical significance assessed through false discovery rate (FDR). Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) of differentially expressed transcripts identified pathways of relevance. Protein expression was analyzed by reverse protein array ( RPPA) in pre- and post-treatment samples.
Results: In an unsupervised analysis, down-regulation of genes associated with ER signaling was observed in patients who received single-agent ANA and ANA+PIC, which included genes that regulate the cell cycle, cell death, survival, growth and proliferation and known ER target genes (e.g., PGR, GREB1). In addition, transcripts related to growth factor signaling pathway appeared to be specifically modulated in the ANA+PIC arm, possibly via the upregulation of the expression of RTK ligands. There were no clear changes in PI3K-related phosphoproteins (e.g., AKT, S6, 4E-BP1) in the post-treatment samples by RPPA. However, known PI3K-regulated genes, IRS2 and PIK3IP1, were upregulated in the post-treatment samples and a composite PI3K gene expression signature score (O'Brien et al. 2010) was reduced in both study arms following treatment. This PI3K signature was associated with pre-treatment luminal B status (n=27) and, consistent with this finding, the baseline PI3K gene signature score in the ANA arm, but not the ANA+PIC arm, was inversely associated with the decrease in post treatment Ki67. The tumor immune microenvironment was analyzed though the use of composite gene sets. In our initial observations, analysis of pre- and post-treatment samples showed that 2-week treatment with ANA resulted in a modest increase in transcripts associated with multiple immune signatures, which was further enhanced by the addition of PIC.
Conclusions: Gene expression analysis of pre- and post-treatment samples in the OPPORTUNE study demonstrates on-target inhibition of ER and PI3K signaling networks. The analysis of additional paired samples is in progress to further assess if 2-weeks of treatment with a regimen containing an AI in patients with early breast cancer impacts the tumor immune microenvironment.
Citation Format: Schmid P, Pinder SE, Bundred N, Wheatley D, Macaskill J, Zammit C, Hu J, Price R, Shia A, Lim L, Parker P, Molinero L, Yu J, O'Brien C, Wilson T, Savage H, Derynck M, Lackner MR, Amler L, Purushotham A, Thompson A, Gendreau S. Transcript analysis of PI3K and immune-related genes and gene signatures in the pre- and post-treatment samples from the window of opportunity study of anastrozole and anastrozole with pictilisib (GDC-0941) in patients with HR-positive early breast cancer (OPPORTUNE study). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-13-01.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Schmid
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom; Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospital NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; Kings College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Genentech, South San Francisco, California, South San Francisco, CA
| | - SE Pinder
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom; Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospital NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; Kings College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Genentech, South San Francisco, California, South San Francisco, CA
| | - N Bundred
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom; Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospital NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; Kings College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Genentech, South San Francisco, California, South San Francisco, CA
| | - D Wheatley
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom; Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospital NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; Kings College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Genentech, South San Francisco, California, South San Francisco, CA
| | - J Macaskill
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom; Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospital NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; Kings College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Genentech, South San Francisco, California, South San Francisco, CA
| | - C Zammit
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom; Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospital NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; Kings College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Genentech, South San Francisco, California, South San Francisco, CA
| | - J Hu
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom; Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospital NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; Kings College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Genentech, South San Francisco, California, South San Francisco, CA
| | - R Price
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom; Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospital NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; Kings College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Genentech, South San Francisco, California, South San Francisco, CA
| | - A Shia
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom; Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospital NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; Kings College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Genentech, South San Francisco, California, South San Francisco, CA
| | - L Lim
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom; Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospital NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; Kings College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Genentech, South San Francisco, California, South San Francisco, CA
| | - P Parker
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom; Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospital NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; Kings College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Genentech, South San Francisco, California, South San Francisco, CA
| | - L Molinero
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom; Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospital NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; Kings College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Genentech, South San Francisco, California, South San Francisco, CA
| | - J Yu
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom; Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospital NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; Kings College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Genentech, South San Francisco, California, South San Francisco, CA
| | - C O'Brien
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom; Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospital NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; Kings College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Genentech, South San Francisco, California, South San Francisco, CA
| | - T Wilson
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom; Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospital NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; Kings College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Genentech, South San Francisco, California, South San Francisco, CA
| | - H Savage
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom; Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospital NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; Kings College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Genentech, South San Francisco, California, South San Francisco, CA
| | - M Derynck
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom; Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospital NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; Kings College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Genentech, South San Francisco, California, South San Francisco, CA
| | - MR Lackner
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom; Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospital NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; Kings College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Genentech, South San Francisco, California, South San Francisco, CA
| | - L Amler
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom; Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospital NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; Kings College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Genentech, South San Francisco, California, South San Francisco, CA
| | - A Purushotham
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom; Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospital NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; Kings College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Genentech, South San Francisco, California, South San Francisco, CA
| | - A Thompson
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom; Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospital NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; Kings College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Genentech, South San Francisco, California, South San Francisco, CA
| | - S Gendreau
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom; Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospital NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom; Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; Kings College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Genentech, South San Francisco, California, South San Francisco, CA
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Lenihan C, Bouchekioua-Bouzaghou K, Shia A, Wilkes E, Casado-Izquierdo1 P, Cutillas P, Schmid P. Abstract P3-06-02: Characterization of resistance to the selective CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib in ER positive breast cancer. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p3-06-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Dysregulation of the cyclin D-CDK4/6-Rb axis occurs in a substantial proportion of ER-positive (ER+) breast cancers and has been linked with endocrine resistance. Adding the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib to endocrine treatment has led to a substantial improvement of the outcome of patients with ER+ metastatic breast cancer. However, with the increasing clinical use, acquired resistance to palbociclib is merging as a new major clinical challenge.
Methods: The ER+ cell lines T47D and MCF7 have been shown to be highly sensitive to treatment with palbociclib. Using long-term co-culture with increasing doses of Palbociclib, we generated MCF7 and T47D cell line clones with acquired resistance to Palbociclib. Three distinct resistant clones were selected for each cell line showing an IC50 shift from sensitive to resistant of approximately 300nM to 3uM for MCF7 and 400nM to 3.5uM for T47D, respectively. Resistant cell lines were characterized using RNA sequencing and mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics. Effects on selected target proteins (eg pAKT, pS6, pRB, RB or Cyclin D1) were confirmed using Western Blots. To modify resistance to palbociclib, a targeted in vitro drug-screen was performed using a range of inhibitors of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MEK pathways.
Results: Western blot analysis of resistant cell lines demonstrated sustained down-regulation of Rb and phospho-Rb in response to palbociclib, which was reversible after discontinuation of palbociclib. Mass spectrometry identified >6,000 peptides across parental and resistant cells corresponding to 4,757 phospho-peptides and 5,337 phosphorylation sites. Pathway analysis suggested increased activity in the P3IK/AKT/mTOR pathway in resistant clones (including Akt1, p90S6K and mTOR), as well as changes in p53 and apoptotic regulation (e.g. phosphorylation of BAD). In addition, resistant clones showed multiple phosphorylation changes in the Rho/Rac pathway, suggesting changes in cytoskeletal organisation and a more invasive phenotype. Targeted drug screening showed a variable pattern across resistant clones with increased sensitivity to co-treatment of palbociclib with AKT inhibitors, PI3K alpha/delta inhibitors and/or MEK inhibitors in selected resistant clones, whereas pan-PI3K or PI3K beta/delta inhibitors showed limited efficacy in the selected clones.
Conclusions: Phosphoproteomic analysis of palbociclib-resistant ER+ breast cancer cell lines demonstrated up-regulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and anti-apoptotic pathways. Resistant cell lines were sensitive to inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and/or MEK pathways with distinct patterns of activity across resistant clones suggesting that co-treatment of CDK4/6 inhibitors and PI3K/AKT and/or MEK inhibitors warrants further investigation as potential new therapeutic strategies in palbociclib resistance.
Citation Format: Lenihan C, Bouchekioua-Bouzaghou K, Shia A, Wilkes E, Casado-Izquierdo1 P, Cutillas P, Schmid P. Characterization of resistance to the selective CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib in ER positive breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-06-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lenihan
- Barts Cancer Insitute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - A Shia
- Barts Cancer Insitute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - E Wilkes
- Barts Cancer Insitute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - P Casado-Izquierdo1
- Barts Cancer Insitute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - P Cutillas
- Barts Cancer Insitute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - P Schmid
- Barts Cancer Insitute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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O'Leary K, Shia A, Cavicchioli F, Haley V, Comino A, Merlano M, Mauri F, Walter K, Lackner M, Wischnewsky MB, Crook T, Lo Nigro C, Schmid P. Identification of Endoglin as an epigenetically regulated tumour-suppressor gene in lung cancer. Br J Cancer 2015; 113:970-8. [PMID: 26325105 PMCID: PMC4578092 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The transforming growth factor-beta (TGF- β) pathway has been implicated in proliferation, migration and invasion of various cancers. Endoglin is a TGF-β accessory receptor that modulates signalling. We identified Endoglin as an epigenetically silenced tumour-suppressor gene in lung cancer by means of a genome-wide screening approach, then sought to characterise its effect on lung cancer progression. Methods: Methylation microarray and RNA sequencing were carried out on lung cancer cell lines. Epigenetic silencing of Endoglin was confirmed by methylation and expression analyses. An expression vector and a 20-gene expression panel were used to evaluate Endoglin function. Pyrosequencing was carried out on two independent cohorts comprising 112 and 202 NSCLC cases, respectively, and the impact of Endoglin methylation on overall survival (OS) was evaluated. Results: Methylation in the promoter region resulted in silencing of Endoglin, which could be reactivated by demethylation. Increased invasion coupled with altered EMT marker expression was observed in cell lines with an epithelial-like, but not those with a mesenchymal-like, profile when Endoglin was absent. Methylation was associated with decreased OS in stage I but not in stages II–III disease. Conclusions: We show that Endoglin is a common target of epigenetic silencing in lung cancer. We reveal a link between Endoglin silencing and EMT progression that might be associated with decreased survival in stage I disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- K O'Leary
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RY, UK
| | - A Shia
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RY, UK.,Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Old Anatomy Building, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - F Cavicchioli
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RY, UK
| | - V Haley
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RY, UK
| | - A Comino
- Pathology Department, S. Croce General Hospital, via Coppino 26, 12100, Cuneo, Italy
| | - M Merlano
- Medical Oncology, Oncology Department, S. Croce General Hospital, via Carle 25, 12100, Cuneo, Italy
| | - F Mauri
- Department of Histopathology, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0HS, UK
| | - K Walter
- Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech, Inc., 550 Grandview Boulevard, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - M Lackner
- Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech, Inc., 550 Grandview Boulevard, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - M B Wischnewsky
- eScience Lab, Department of Biomathematics, University of Bremen, Bremen 28359, Germany
| | - T Crook
- Division of Cancer Research, Medical Research Institute, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital And Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - C Lo Nigro
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Translational Oncology, Oncology Department, S. Croce Genreal Hospital, via Carle 25, Cuneo 12100, Italy
| | - P Schmid
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RY, UK.,Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Old Anatomy Building, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
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Denne L, Shia A, Komulainen E, Haley V, Lenihan C, Cavicchioli F, O'Leary K, Schmid P. Abstract P2-09-05: The potent anti-androgen enzalutamide demonstrates broad anti-tumour activity across all androgen receptor-positive triple-negative breast cancer subtypes. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p2-09-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Up to 30% of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) show expression of the androgen receptor (AR) and may therefore be candidates for AR-targeted therapy. Molecular profiling of TNBC has identified the luminal AR (LAR) subset, which shares many aspects of ER-positive luminal cancers but is resistant to ER-targeted therapy. LAR cancers highly express the AR, are heavily enriched in hormone-regulated pathways and demonstrate tumour growth in response to androgen stimulation that can be inhibited by the mixed AR agonist/antagonist bicalutamide. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of AR signalling in TNBC in more detail and to evaluate the potential of the second generation anti-androgen Enzalutamide in this setting relative to bicalutamide.
Methods: A panel of 13 TNBC breast cancer cell lines was selected, representing different molecular subtypes of TNBC (including 4 LAR cell lines). Baseline AR expression was determined using qPCR (Taqman) and Western-Blot (Antibody, Santa Cruz Biotechnology). The effects of enzalutamide and bicalumatide on cell proliferation and survival were determined using MTT assays with and without DHT stimulation. Comprehensive molecular profiling (including Illumina Human HT-12 v4 whole genome mRNA and Illumina Human 450K methylation microarrays) was applied before and after enzalutamide treatment to define the molecular signature associated with sensitivity to enzalutamide therapy. All statistical calculations and IC50 doses were calculated using Prism v6.0 (GraphPad).
Results: A wide range of AR expression was confirmed across the cell line panel defining 3 groups with complete lack of AR expression, low/moderate AR expressions levels, or very high expression in the LAR subtype (with up to 100-fold greater AR expression compared to other TNBC subtypes). Enzalutamide demonstrated broad anti-tumour activity across all AR+ TNBC subtypes (but not in AR-negative subtypes), with IC50 values being similar in LAR and non-LAR cell lines. Treatment with enzalutamide resulted in more effective growth inhibition and a broader range of activity compared to bicalutamide. Data on molecular profiles of enzalutamide sensitivity will be presented at the meeting.
Conclusion: AR inhibition is a promising therapeutic strategy for both LAR and non-LAR AR-expressing TNBC. The potent anti-androgen enzalutamide shows broad activity across all AR+ TNBC subtypes and warrants further clinical evaluation. A phase 2 study of enzalutamide in AR+ TNBC has been initiated.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P2-09-05.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Denne
- Barts/Brighton Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - A Shia
- Barts/Brighton Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - E Komulainen
- Barts/Brighton Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - V Haley
- Barts/Brighton Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - C Lenihan
- Barts/Brighton Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - F Cavicchioli
- Barts/Brighton Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - K O'Leary
- Barts/Brighton Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - P Schmid
- Barts/Brighton Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
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Cavicchioli F, Shia A, O'Leary K, Haley V, Crook TR, Thompson AM, Lackner M, Lo NC, Schmid P. Abstract P4-06-10: Epigenetic silencing of glutamine synthetase (Glul) defines glutamine depletion therapy. Cancer Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs12-p4-06-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Methylation-dependent transcriptional silencing of genes involved in amino acid synthesis can provide potential targets for novel synthetic lethality strategies. Glutamine synthetase (Glul) is the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of glutamine. We identified Glul as a novel gene subject to methylation-dependent transcriptional silencing in breast cancer cell lines using a combined functional screen with methylation reversal assays and methylation arrays.
Methods: Methylation reversal assays were performed using 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine and/or trichostatin treatment coupled with whole genome mRNA microarrays (Illumina HT-12 v4 Expression BeadChip Kit). Expression of Glul with and without pharmacological methylation reversal with azacytidine and/or trichostatin was validated using qRT-PCR and Western Blot. Methylation of Glul was analysed using methylation microarrays (Illumina 450K Methylation BeadChip), bisulphite sequencing and pyrosequencing. Sensitivity to glutamine deprivation was assessed using an MTT assay after culturing cells in media with various glutamine concentrations or in complete absence of glutamine. We used a panel of 55 breast cancer cell lines and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue from a series of 116 stage I-III primary breast cancers with linked mature clinical outcome data that were randomly selected from the Cuneo Tissue Bank. Tissue samples were subject to histopathological review to ensure adequate representation of cancer cells.
Results: Dense methylation of the CpG-island of Glul was detected in 45% of cell lines across all subtypes. Methylation of the CpG island was linked with absent or down-regulated expression of Glul in some but not all cell lines, and Glul expression could be reactivated by azacytidine and trichostatin in these cell lines. Methylation of shore areas was detected in several cell lines but was not associated with transcriptional silencing. Cells with methylation-dependent low or absent Glul expression were highly sensitive to glutamine deprivation, whereas cell lines without Glul methylation were rescued by compensatory up-regulation of Glul. Using pyrosequencing, dense methylation of the CpG island of Glul was found in 32.8% of patients, with an additional 17.2% of patients showing partial methylation. No significant association with a specific breast cancer subtype or outcome was found.
Conclusions: This is the first report of methylation-dependent transcriptional silencing of Glul expression in cancer. Our data demonstrate that a significant proportion of primary breast cancers show methylation of Glul and suggest that glutamine deprivation could be a novel synthetic lethality strategy for these cancers.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-06-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Cavicchioli
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, University of Dundee, United Kingdom; Genentech, Inc., San Francisco; S. Croce General Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - A Shia
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, University of Dundee, United Kingdom; Genentech, Inc., San Francisco; S. Croce General Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - K O'Leary
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, University of Dundee, United Kingdom; Genentech, Inc., San Francisco; S. Croce General Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - V Haley
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, University of Dundee, United Kingdom; Genentech, Inc., San Francisco; S. Croce General Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - TR Crook
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, University of Dundee, United Kingdom; Genentech, Inc., San Francisco; S. Croce General Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - AM Thompson
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, University of Dundee, United Kingdom; Genentech, Inc., San Francisco; S. Croce General Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - M Lackner
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, University of Dundee, United Kingdom; Genentech, Inc., San Francisco; S. Croce General Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Nigro C Lo
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, University of Dundee, United Kingdom; Genentech, Inc., San Francisco; S. Croce General Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - P Schmid
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom; Ninewells Hospital, University of Dundee, United Kingdom; Genentech, Inc., San Francisco; S. Croce General Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
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O'Leary K, Shia A, Haley V, Cavicchioli F, Comino A, Vanella P, Wischnewsky M, Crook T, Lo Nigro C, Schmid P. Identification of Endoglin (CD105) as an Epigenetically Regulated Candidate Tumour Suppressor Gene in Lung Cancer. Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)32750-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Cavicchioli F, Shia A, O'Leary K, Haley V, Palmieri C, Syed N, Crook T, Thompson A, Nigro CL, Schmid P. Epigenetic Silencing of Arginino-Succinate Synthase (ASS1) Defines Arginine Depletion Therapy as a Novel Treatment Strategy for Breast Cancer. Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)34204-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Lara R, Mauri FA, Taylor H, Derua R, Shia A, Gray C, Nicols A, Shiner RJ, Schofield E, Bates PA, Waelkens E, Dallman M, Lamb J, Zicha D, Downward J, Seckl MJ, Pardo OE. An siRNA screen identifies RSK1 as a key modulator of lung cancer metastasis. Oncogene 2011; 30:3513-21. [PMID: 21423205 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2011.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2010] [Revised: 11/29/2010] [Accepted: 02/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We performed a kinome-wide siRNA screen and identified 70 kinases altering cell migration in A549 lung cancer cells. In particular, ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (RSK1) silencing increased, whereas RSK2 and RSK4 downregulation inhibited cell motility. In a secondary collagen-based three-dimensional invasion screen, 38 of our hits cross-validated, including RSK1 and RSK4. In two further lung cancer cell lines, RSK1 but not RSK4 silencing showed identical modulation of cell motility. We therefore selected RSK1 for further investigation. Bioinformatic analysis followed by co-immunoprecipitation-based validation revealed that the actin regulators VASP and Mena interact with RSK1. Moreover, RSK1 phosphorylated VASP on T278, a site regulating its binding to actin. In addition, silencing of RSK1 enhanced the metastatic potential of these cells in vivo using a zebrafish model. Finally, we investigated the relevance of this finding in human lung cancer samples. In isogenically matched tissue, RSK1 was reduced in metastatic versus primary lung cancer lesions. Moreover, patients with RSK1-negative lung tumours showed increased number of metastases. Our results suggest that the findings of our high-throughput in vitro screen can reliably identify relevant clinical targets and as a proof of principle, RSK1 may provide a biomarker for metastasis in lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lara
- Department of Oncology, Hammersmith Campus, Cyclotron Building, London, UK
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