Delayed irrigation at the jointing stage increased the post-flowering dry matter accumulation and water productivity of winter wheat under wide-precision planting pattern

BACKGROUND

The North China Plain (NCP) faces a severe water shortage, and the amount of rainfall cannot guarantee the growth and development of winter wheat. Therefore, it is important to explore a suitable irrigation and planting pattern to solve the problem of water shortage in this region.

RESULTS

A 4-year experiment was carried out in the NCP during 2015-2019. The main plots included two planting patterns: a wide-precision planting pattern (W) and a conventional planting pattern. Two irrigation regimes were established for each planting pattern: 60-mm irrigation at the jointing stage (I1) and 60-mm irrigation delayed 10 days at the jointing stage (I2). The soil water consumption, dry matter translocation, grain yield and crop water productivity were investigated. The results showed that WI2 treatment obtained the highest grain yield and crop water productivity. The wide-precision planting pattern could significantly decrease soil water consumption; however, delayed irrigation effectively reduced soil water consumption only in normal rainfall years. The coupling of delayed irrigation at the jointing stage and a wide-precision planting pattern significantly enhanced dry matter accumulation after flowering and the contribution of dry matter accumulation after flowering to grain yield during the growing seasons. WI2 could decrease the evapotranspiration and improve the grain yield, thus increasing crop water productivity.

CONCLUSION

The combination of a wide-precision planting pattern and delayed irrigation at the jointing stage was the appropriate agronomic practice for efficient grain yield and crop water productivity in the North China Plain. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.

Sub arachnoid block for emergency cesarean section in a pituitary dwarf

Anaesthesia for parturient patients with dwarfism is an uncommon problem faced by anaesthesiologists. There is an ongoing debate regarding general versus regional anaesthesia in these cases. In many centers there is lack of facilities for epidural or continuous epidural anaesthesia. A primiparous dwarf woman of 27 years old having 124 cm height and 37 kg weight was admitted in Mymensingh Medical College Hospital for elective cesarean section due to cephalopelvic disproportion. She was diagnosed as a case of pituitary dwarf previously on antenatal checkup depending on both clinical and endocrine ground. After admission she suddenly developed respiratory distress with less foetal movement and presented in our department for emergency cesarean section. We have managed the case by sub-arachnoid block (SAB) using 7.5 mg (1.5 ml) of 0.5% heavy bupivacaine at a level of L3-L4 interspace having adequate level of block and analgesia. The case was managed successfully and uneventfully. In this presentation, the role of SAB and a management guideline has been highlighted.

Unguided percutaneous transthoracic fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of the peripheral lung lesions

Percutaneous transthoracic fine needle aspiration cytology (PTFNAC) of lung was done in 614 cases at the department of Pathology of Institute of Diseases of Chest and Hospital (IDCH), Dhaka, during the period from July 1994 to July 1996. A definite diagnosis was possible in 417 cases (78.83%). More than half (57.65%) of the cases were proved to have malignant diseases. PTFNAC detected malignant lesion in these patients for the first time as because no other investigation was able to establish the diagnosis. Diagnostic accuracy was 74%. Only 12 (1.95%) patients developed pneumothorax and mild haemoptysis occurred in 23 (3.74%) patients. So unguided PTFNAC is a simple, time saving, safe and inexpensive method of diagnosis of peripheral lung lesions.