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Srivastava V, Singh P, Mahajan S, Pandit AK, Alshamrani AM, Abouhawwash M. Performance enhancement in clustering cooperative spectrum sensing for cognitive radio network using metaheuristic algorithm. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16827. [PMID: 37803133 PMCID: PMC10558489 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44032-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Spectrum sensing describes, whether the spectrum is occupied or empty. Main objective of cognitive radio network (CRN) is to increase probability of detection (Pd) and reduce probability of error (Pe) for energy consumption. To reduce energy consumption, probability of detection should be increased. In cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS), all secondary users (SU) transmit their data to fusion center (FC) for final measurement according to the status of primary user (PU). Cluster should be used to overcome this problem and improve performance. In the clustering technique, all SUs are grouped into clusters on the basis of their similarity. In cluster technique, SU transfers their data to cluster head (CH) and CH transfers their combined data to FC. This paper proposes the detection performance optimization of CRN with a machine learning-based metaheuristic algorithm using clustering CSS technique. This article presents a hybrid support vector machine (SVM) and Red Deer Algorithm (RDA) algorithm named Hybrid SVM-RDA to identify spectrum gaps. Algorithm proposed in this work outperforms the computational complexity, an issue reported with various conventional cluster techniques. The proposed algorithm increases the probability of detection (up to 99%) and decreases the probability of error (up to 1%) at different parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Srivastava
- Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
- Axis Institute of Technology and Management, Kanpur, India
| | | | - Shubham Mahajan
- Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
- University Centre for Research and Development (UCRD), Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
- Ajeenkya DY Patil University, Pune, India
| | - Amit Kant Pandit
- School of Electronics and Communication, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, 182320, India
| | - Ahmad M Alshamrani
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Abouhawwash
- Department of Computational Mathematics, Science and Engineering (CMSE), College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
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Singh R, Rehman AU, Ahmed T, Ahmad K, Mahajan S, Pandit AK, Abualigah L, Gandomi AH. Mathematical modelling and analysis of COVID-19 and tuberculosis transmission dynamics. Informatics in Medicine Unlocked 2023; 38:101235. [PMID: 37033412 PMCID: PMC10065048 DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2023.101235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, a mathematical model for assessing the impact of COVID-19 on tuberculosis disease is proposed and analysed. There are pieces of evidence that patients with Tuberculosis (TB) have more chances of developing the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The mathematical model is qualitatively and quantitatively analysed by using the theory of stability analysis. The dynamic system shows endemic equilibrium point which is stable when R 0 < 1 and unstable when R 0 > 1 . The global stability of the endemic point is analysed by constructing the Lyapunov function. The dynamic stability also exhibits bifurcation behaviour. The optimal control theory is used to find an optimal solution to the problem in the mathematical model. The sensitivity analysis is performed to clarify the effective parameters which affect the reproduction number the most. Numerical simulation is carried out to assess the effect of various biological parameters in the dynamic of both tuberculosis and COVID-19 classes. Our simulation results show that the COVID-19 and TB infections can be mitigated by controlling the transmission rate γ .
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Singh R, Tiwari P, Band SS, Rehman AU, Mahajan S, Ding Y, Liu X, Pandit AK. Impact of quarantine on fractional order dynamical model of Covid-19. Comput Biol Med 2022; 151:106266. [PMID: 36395591 PMCID: PMC9660264 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.106266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, a Covid-19 dynamical transmission model of a coupled non-linear fractional differential equation in the Atangana-Baleanu Caputo sense is proposed. The basic dynamical transmission features of the proposed system are briefly discussed. The qualitative as well as quantitative results on the existence and uniqueness of the solutions are evaluated through the fixed point theorem. The Ulam-Hyers stability analysis of the suggested system is established. The two-step Adams-Bashforth-Moulton (ABM) numerical method is employed to find its numerical solution. The numerical simulation is performed to accesses the impact of various biological parameters on the dynamics of Covid-19 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Singh
- Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University Rajouri, 185234, India,Corresponding authors
| | - Prayag Tiwari
- School of Information Technology, Halmstad University, Sweden,Corresponding authors
| | - Shahab S. Band
- Future Technology Research Center, College of Future, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Douliou, Taiwan, ROC,Corresponding authors
| | | | - Shubham Mahajan
- School of Electronic and Communication, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, 182320, India,Ajeenka D Y University, Pune, Maharashtra, India,iNurture Education Solutions Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore, India
| | - Yijie Ding
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Quzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Quzhou, 324000, China
| | - Xiaobin Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 214023, Wuxi, China,Corresponding authors
| | - Amit Kant Pandit
- School of Electronic and Communication, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, 182320, India
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Abuaddous HY, Kaur G, Jyoti K, Mittal N, Mahajan S, Pandit AK, Alsoud AR, Abualigah L. Repulsion-based grey wolf optimizer with improved exploration and exploitation capabilities to localize sensor nodes in 3D wireless sensor network. Soft comput 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00500-022-07590-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Vibha D, Kushwaha S, Nath M, Ramanujam B, Elavarasi A, Das A, Radhakrishnan DM, Singh RK, Pandit AK, Srivastava AK, Tripathi M, Anthony A, Maheshwari S. A large cohort study of TB of the central nervous system: clinical outcomes. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:989-991. [PMID: 36163655 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.22.0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D Vibha
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Department of Neurology, Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | | | - M Nath
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Department of Neurology, Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - B Ramanujam
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Department of Neurology, Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - A Elavarasi
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Department of Neurology, Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - A Das
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Department of Neurology, Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - D M Radhakrishnan
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Department of Neurology, Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - R K Singh
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Department of Neurology, Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - A K Pandit
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Department of Neurology, Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - A K Srivastava
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Department of Neurology, Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - M Tripathi
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Department of Neurology, Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
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Mahajan S, Abualigah L, Pandit AK, Al Nasar MR, Alkhazaleh HA, Altalhi M. Fusion of modern meta-heuristic optimization methods using arithmetic optimization algorithm for global optimization tasks. Soft comput 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00500-022-07079-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Mishra B, Pandit AK, Miyachi S, Ohshima T, Kawaguchi R, Vishnu VY, Misra S, Srivastava MVP, Srivastava AK, Kale SS, Phalak M. Clinical Utility of Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS) in Carotid Artery Interventions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Endovasc Ther 2021; 29:678-691. [PMID: 34955053 DOI: 10.1177/15266028211064824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carotid plaque morphology plays an important role in determining outcome of carotid artery stenting (CAS). Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and its extension VH (Virtual Histology)-IVUS evaluate plaque characteristics in real time and guide decision making during stenting. To date, there is no consensus about indications of IVUS and its validated methods. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the clinical utility of IVUS in carotid artery interventions (CAS) and develop a future consensus for research and practice parameters. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed of the English literature articles published till February 2021. Studies reporting on IVUS parameters and findings and also its performance compared with other imaging modalities were included in review. Pooled prevalence with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was calculated. The statistical analysis was conducted in R version 3.6.2. RESULTS A total of 2015 patients from 29 studies were included. Proportional meta-analysis was performed on 1566 patients from 11 studies. In 9 studies, stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) had a pooled prevalence of 4% (95% CI 3%-5%) while asymptomatic stroke had a pooled prevalence of 46% (95% CI 31%-62%) in 4 studies following IVUS. Two studies reported that IVUS detected more plaque protrusion compared with angiography (n=33/396 vs 11/396). IVUS led to stent type or size change in 8 of 48 cases which were missed on angiography in 3 other studies. Concordance between VH-IVUS and true histology was good at 80% to 85% reported in 2 studies. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review and meta-analysis showed, though IVUS fared better to computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance (MR) angiography for better stent selection during CAS, with low to moderate risk of bias in the studies included. However, large scale, preferably randomized controlled studies are needed to predict its role in determining clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Mishra
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A K Pandit
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Miyachi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Neuroendovascular Therapy Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - T Ohshima
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Neuroendovascular Therapy Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - R Kawaguchi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Neuroendovascular Therapy Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - V Y Vishnu
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Misra
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M V P Srivastava
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A K Srivastava
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S S Kale
- Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M Phalak
- Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Sharma A, Sharma A, Malhotra R, Singh P, Chakrabortty RK, Mahajan S, Pandit AK. An accurate artificial intelligence system for the detection of pulmonary and extra pulmonary Tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2021; 131:102143. [PMID: 34794086 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2021.102143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is the greatest irresistible illness in humans, caused by microbes Mycobacterium TB (MTB) bacteria and is an infectious disease that spreads from one individual to another through the air. It principally influences lung, which is termed Pulmonary TB (PTB). However, it can likewise influence other parts of the body such as the brain, bones and lymph nodes. Hence, it is also referred to as Extra Pulmonary TB (EPTB). TB has normal symptoms, so without proper testing, it is hard to detect if a patient has TB or not. In this paper, an accurate and novel system for diagnosing TB (PTB and EPTB) has been designed using image processing and AI-based classification techniques. The designed system is comprised of two phases. Firstly, the X-Ray image is processed using preprocessing, segmentation and features extraction and then, three different AI-based techniques are applied for classification. For image processing, 'Histogram Filter' and 'Median Filter' are applied with the CLAHE process to retrieve the segmented image. Then, classification based on AI techniques is done. The designed system produces the accuracy of 98%, 83%, and 89% for Decision Tree, SVM, and Naïve Bayes Classifier, respectively and has been validated by the doctors of the Jalandhar, India.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Shubham Mahajan
- School of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, 182320, India.
| | - Amit Kant Pandit
- School of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, 182320, India
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Abstract
This study analyses a macroinvertebrate community survey for River Sindh and its tributary including Baltal, Yashmarg, Sonamarg and Thajwas Grar considering the extreme hydrological conditions linked with the seasonal low-flow period typical for some streams in this area. This study attempts to provide an overview of the macro invertebrate assemblages and physico-chemical variables of the River Sindh and its important tributary. Four study sites were selected from the River Sindh and its tributary including Baltal, Yashmarg, Sonamarg and Thajwas Grar for studying the ecological distribution of Macroinvertebrate assemblages. Totally, 33 taxa of macroinvertebrates were recorded from the two streams belonging to Mollusca-3 (Gastropoda-2 and Bivalvia-1), Annelida-1 and Arthropoda-29 (Insecta-29). Among insects Ephemeroptera (7), Trichoptera (6) and Diptera (13) dominated. Except Yashmrag all sites were found devoid of annelids while as the mollusks were found absent at Sonamarg. Highest values of Shannon Weiner Index were found at Yashmarg (2.42) and lowest at Sonamarg (1.99) while as highest and lowest Sorensen's similarity coefficient were found between Baltal/Thajwas Grar (0.68) and Yashmarg/Thajwas Grar (0.39), respectively. A perusal of the data on physico-chemical characteristics showed that these streams were hard water type with high dissolved oxygen content. The ionic composition of the stream waters revealed the predominance of bicarbonate and calcium. Insecta dominated both qualitatively as well as quantitatively and the study revealed that the substrate compositions dominated by gravel, pebble and leaf litters are primary determinants of the invertebrate community structure recording maximum species diversity and abundance. Sample locations impacted by Amarnath yatris pilgrimage comparatively reflected slightly higher increase in nutrients than Thajwas Grar almost devoid of pilgrimage effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- S U Bhat
- Aquatic Ecology Laboratory, Centre of Research for Development, Department of Environmental Science, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J and K, 190006, India
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Abstract
Chicken pox is a highly contagious infection, caused by the varicella zoster virus. Although generally a benign, self-limited disease, varicella may be associated with serious complications especially in adults. We present acute pancreatitis- a rare complication, in otherwise healthy patients suffering from chicken pox. The presence of pancreatitis in association with chickenpox in immunocompetent patients can influence the outcome of the latter. This interesting case will hopefully increase awareness about this complication and its fatality in chicken pox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Department of Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sewagram, Wardha, Maharashatra, India.
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Geiger JN, Knudsen GT, Panek L, Pandit AK, Yoder MD, Lord KA, Creasy CL, Burns BM, Gaines P, Dillon SB, Wojchowski DM. mDYRK3 kinase is expressed selectively in late erythroid progenitor cells and attenuates colony-forming unit-erythroid development. Blood 2001; 97:901-10. [PMID: 11159515 DOI: 10.1182/blood.v97.4.901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
DYRKs are a new subfamily of dual-specificity kinases that was originally discovered on the basis of homology to Yak1, an inhibitor of cell cycle progression in yeast. At present, mDYRK-3 and mDYRK-2 have been cloned, and mDYRK-3 has been characterized with respect to kinase activity, expression among tissues and hematopoietic cells, and possible function during erythropoiesis. In sequence, mDYRK-3 diverges markedly in noncatalytic domains from mDYRK-2 and mDYRK-1a, but is 91.3% identical overall to hDYRK-3. Catalytically, mDYRK-3 readily phosphorylated myelin basic protein (but not histone 2B) and also appeared to autophosphorylate in vitro. Expression of mDYRK-1a, mDYRK-2, and mDYRK-3 was high in testes, but unlike mDYRK1a and mDYRK 2, mDYRK-3 was not expressed at appreciable levels in other tissues examined. Among hematopoietic cells, however, mDYRK-3 expression was selectively elevated in erythroid cell lines and primary pro-erythroid cells. In developmentally synchronized erythroid progenitor cells, expression peaked sharply following exposure to erythropoietin plus stem cell factor (SCF) (but not SCF alone), and in situ hybridizations of sectioned embryos revealed selective expression of mDYRK-3 in fetal liver. Interestingly, antisense oligonucleotides to mDYRK-3 were shown to significantly and specifically enhance colony-forming unit-erythroid colony formation. Thus, it is proposed that mDYRK-3 kinase functions as a lineage-restricted, stage-specific suppressor of red cell development. (Blood. 2001;97:901-910)
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Geiger
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Veterinary Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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Abstract
Events relayed via the single transmembrane receptor for erythropoietin (Epo) are essential for the development of committed erythroid progenitor cells beyond the colony-forming unit-erythroid stage, and this clearly involves Epo's inhibition of programmed cell death (PCD). Less well resolved, however, are issues regarding the precise nature of Epo-dependent antiapoptotic mechanisms, the extent to which Epo might also promote mitogenesis and/or terminal erythroid differentiation, and the essential vs modulatory nature of certain Epo receptor cytoplasmic subdomains, signal transducing factors, and downstream pathways. Accordingly, this review focuses on the following aspects of Epo signal transduction: (1) Epo receptor/Jak2 activation mechanisms; (2) the critical vs dispensable nature of (P)Y sites and SH2 domain-encoding effectors in survival, growth, and differentiation responses; (3) primary mechanisms by which Epo inhibits PCD; (4) the integration of signals relayed by coexpressed and possibly directly interacting cytokine receptors; and (5) predictions regarding effector function which are provided by the association of certain primary and familial polycythemias with mutated human Epo receptor forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Wojchowski
- Program in Cell & Developmental Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA.
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