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Abd-Eltawab Tammam A, A. Khalaf AA, R. Zaki A, Mansour Khalifa M, A. Ibrahim M, M. Mekkawy A, E. Abdelrahman R, Farghali A, A. Noshy P. Hesperidin protects rats’ liver and kidney from oxidative damage and physiological disruption induced by nickel oxide nanoparticles. Front Physiol 2022; 13:912625. [PMID: 36338490 PMCID: PMC9626958 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.912625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO-NPs) have recently been utilized in various advanced industrial fields like lithium-ion micro batteries, nanofibers, electrochromic devices, and several biomedical applications. NiO-NPs are classified as extremely toxic substances as they can cause long-term harm to the environment and aquatic life. Moreover, frequent and prolonged exposure can affect human and animal health, causing skin allergies and major toxic consequences, such as hepatorenal toxicity. Hesperidin (HSP) has been proven to possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and free radical scavenging activities. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the underlying protective mechanisms and effects of HSP against NiO-NPs-induced hepatorenal toxicities in rats. Materials and Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10 in each). The first group served as a Control group. For 8 weeks, the second group was administered NiO-NPs (100 mg/kg/day), and the third group was given HSP (100 mg/kg/day) via oral gavage for both groups. The fourth group received NiO-NPs and HSP concurrently in the same oral daily doses and duration as the second and third groups. Results: NiO-NPs administration revealed a significant increase in plasma biomarkers of nephrotoxicity (urea, creatinine) and hepatotoxicity (ALT, AST) in NiO-NPs group compared to Control group (p < 0.05). In addition, NiO-NPs administration resulted in a substantial increase in malondialdehyde levels with a significant drop in catalase activity and GSH content in Group II. Also, a significant decreased expression of Nrf-2 and Bcl-2 mRNA levels and upregulation of TNF-α, NF-kβ and BAX in the liver and kidney of NiO-NPs group were also detected. Histologically, the liver and kidney of rats of NiO-NPs group showed significant histopathological disturbances, with a substantial increase in the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) positive hepatocytes and renal tubular cells in the NiO-NPs group compared to Control and HSP groups (p < 0.05). In contrast, concomitant administration of HSP with NiO-NPs in group IV showed a significant biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical improvement compared to NiO-NPs group. Conclusion: Co-administration of HSP with NiO-NPs significantly ameliorated most of the NiO-NPs-induced hepatorenal toxicities in male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abd-Eltawab Tammam
- Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Ahmed Abd-Eltawab Tammam,
| | - Abdel Azeim A. Khalaf
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amr R. Zaki
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mansour Khalifa
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Human Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa A. Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Aya M. Mekkawy
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rehab E. Abdelrahman
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Farghali
- Materials Science and Nanotechnology Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Peter A. Noshy
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Ahmed WMS, Ibrahim MA, Helmy NA, ElKashlan AM, Elmaidomy AH, Zaki AR. Amelioration of aluminum-induced hepatic and nephrotoxicity by Premna odorata extract is mediated by lowering MMP9 and TGF-β gene alterations in Wistar rat. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:72827-72838. [PMID: 35614356 PMCID: PMC9522688 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20735-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effect of Premna odorata (P. odorata) (Lamiaceae) on the hepatic and nephrotoxicity induced by aluminum chloride (AlCl3) in rat. Wistar male rats were equally classified into four groups: control, P. odorata extract (500 mg/kg B.W.), AlCl3 (70 mg/kg B.W.), and P. odorata extract plus AlCl3 groups. All treatments were given orally for 4 weeks. Serum transaminases and some biochemical parameters, hepatic and renal antioxidant/oxidant biomarker; tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α); matrix metalloproteinase (MMP9) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) mRNA expression; histopathological examination of the liver, and kidneys were investigated. The obtained results revealed that AlCl3 significantly increased the activities of serum aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase as well as produced a significant increase in total cholesterol, triglyceride, urea, and creatinine concentrations, while there were no changes observed in the total protein, albumin, and globulin concentrations. Also, aluminum administration significantly decreased the reduced glutathione content and increased the catalase activity, malondialdehyde, and TNF-α concentrations in the liver and kidney tissue. Moreover, AlCl3 results in congestion, degeneration, and inflammation of the liver and kidney tissue. Co-treatment of P. odorata extract with AlCl3 alleviated its harmful effects on the previous parameters and reduced the histopathological alterations induced by AlCl3. Therefore, Premna odorata may have a potent protective effect against oxidative stress induced by Al toxicity through downregulation of MMP9 and TGF-β gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa M S Ahmed
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Nermeen A Helmy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Akram M ElKashlan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Abeer H Elmaidomy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Amr R Zaki
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Khalaf AA, Ogaly HA, Ibrahim MA, Abdallah AA, Zaki AR, Tohamy AF. Correction to: The Reproductive Injury and Oxidative Testicular Toxicity Induced by Chlorpyrifos Can Be Restored by Zinc in Male Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:1482. [PMID: 33963481 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02749-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdel Azem Khalaf
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hanan A Ogaly
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa A Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | | | - Amr R Zaki
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Bani Sweif, Egypt
| | - Adel F Tohamy
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Khalaf AA, Ogaly HA, Ibrahim MA, Abdallah AA, Zaki AR, Tohamy AF. The Reproductive Injury and Oxidative Testicular Toxicity Induced by Chlorpyrifos Can Be Restored by Zinc in Male Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:551-559. [PMID: 33821416 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02704-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The current study aimed to evaluate the harmful effect of chlorpyrifos (CPF) on the reproductive functions and fertility in male rats and to assess the protective role of zinc (Zn) in improving the adverse effects of CPF on male fertility. Sixty mature male rats were divided into four groups: Group 1: The control group was orally administered with the corresponding dose of corn oil. Group 2 animals received chlorpyrifos (1 mg/kg, oral). Group 3 rats received oral zinc (25 mg/kg) daily. Group 4 animals received oral zinc treatment (25 mg/kg). CPF caused a significant decrease in the body and reproductive organs' weights, sperm count, sperm motility percent, serum testosterone, FSH, and LH. The CPF-treated group showed a significant increase in dead sperm percent and sperm abnormalities. CPF induced a significant internucleosomal DNA fragmentation and marked histological alterations in the testes of treated male rats. Conversely, co-treatment with Zn improved the reproductive organs weights, sperm characteristics, internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, and histological alterations of the testes. In conclusion, CPF triggered significant detrimental effects on male reproductive organs and functions and the co-treatment with zinc partly alleviate the injurious effects of CPF on male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel Azem Khalaf
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hanan A Ogaly
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa A Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | | | - Amr R Zaki
- Central Lab of Pesticides, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Adel F Tohamy
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Hassanen EI, Khalaf AAA, Zaki AR, Ibrahim MA, Galal MK, Farroh KY, Azouz RA. Ameliorative effect of ZnO-NPs against bioaggregation and systemic toxicity of lead oxide in some organs of albino rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:37940-37952. [PMID: 33723775 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13399-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lead is one of the major environmental pollutions worldwide, particularly in developing countries. Though, various occupational and public health measures have been undertaken to control lead exposure. The present study is designed to investigate the role of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) to reduce the bioaggregation of lead in the brain, liver, and kidneys and prevent these organ oxidative damage and apoptosis. Twenty male Wistar rats were grouped into 4 gatherings and exposed to the following materials daily on the skin for 2 weeks: 1-normal saline, 2-ZnO-NPs, 3-PbO, and 4-ZnO-NPs+ PbO. Topical application of PbO to rats increased lead contents in blood and different organs causing remarkable oxidative stress damage, apoptosis, and histopathological alterations in these organs. Moreover, PbO-receiving group showed strong positive caspase-3 protein expression with up-regulation of mRNA levels of BAX and COX-2. Co-treatment of ZnO-NPs with PbO could diminish the toxicologic parameters and the above-mentioned immune marker and gene expression levels. Our data suggest the role of ZnO-NPs cream to reduce the risk of lead dermal exposure via preventing absorption and accumulation of it in the internal organs so that it protects these organs from further damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman I Hassanen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Abdel-Azem A Khalaf
- Department of Toxicology& Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amr R Zaki
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mona K Galal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Khaled Y Farroh
- Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials Central Lab, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rehab A Azouz
- Department of Toxicology& Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Ahmed WMS, Helmy NA, Ibrahim MA, Hassan HM, Zaki AR. Premna odorata extract as a protective agent on neurotoxic effect of aluminum: neurochemical, molecular, and histopathological alterations. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:2146-2157. [PMID: 32870428 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10659-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Premna odorata Blanco (Lamiaceae) is an ethnomedicinal plant, where some reports claimed their anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and antituberculosis effects, without investigating its role on the brain. Therefore, forty mature male rats were equally divided into 4 groups; the 1st was kept as control. Rats in groups 2 and 4 were orally given P. odorata extract daily at a dose of 500 mg/kg B.W., while those in groups 3 and 4 were daily administrated aluminum chloride "AlCl3" (70 mg/kg B.W.). The treatments extended for 30 successive days. At the end of the experimental period, brain samples were collected for biochemical assay of glutathione reductase (GSH), catalase, malondialdehyde (MDA), and acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE). Besides, monoamines (norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin), amino acids (glutamine, serine, arginine, taurine and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)), neurotransmitters, DNA damage, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α genes were estimated. Moreover, brain samples were obtained for histopathological investigation. Aluminum toxicity resulted in a decline of GSH concentration, elevation of MDA, and AChE activity. Except for GABA which exhibited a significant decrease, there was a marked increase in the measured amino acid and monoamine neurotransmitters. Also, an increase in mRNA expressions of TNF-α and COX-2 was detected. It was noticed that Premna odorata extract reduced the oxidative stress and counteracted the augmentations in AChE caused by AlCl3. Marked improvements in most measured neurotransmitters with downregulation of pro-inflammatory gene expression were recorded in P. odorata + AlCl3 group. Premna odorata restores the altered histopathological feature induced by AlCl3. In conclusion, the present findings clarify that P. odorata extract could be important in improving and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders as it was able to reduce oxidative stress, DNA damage, biochemical alterations, and histopathological changes in rats exposed to AlCl3 toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa M S Ahmed
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Nermeen A Helmy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
| | - Hossam M Hassan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Amr R Zaki
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
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Ghaleb SS, Zaki AR, Hassan DAE, EL-Nahass ELS, Abdelmenem A. Modulating effects of silymarin and fenugreek seeds extract on anabolic androgenic steroids induced toxicity in adult male albino rats. International Journal of Medical Toxicology & Legal Medicine 2021; 24:301-307. [DOI: 10.5958/0974-4614.2021.00098.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Khalaf AA, Hassanen EI, Ibrahim MA, Tohamy AF, Aboseada MA, Hassan HM, Zaki AR. Rosmarinic acid attenuates chromium-induced hepatic and renal oxidative damage and DNA damage in rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22579. [PMID: 32662917 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Hexavelant chromium (Cr (V1)) is a widely distributed environmental pollutant inducing damage in different organs of human and animals. The current study was designed to investigate the mechanistic role of rosmarinic acid (RA) to diminish chromium-induced hepatorenal oxidative damage and preneoplastic lesions in rats. Plant material was collected, identified, and extracted. The isolated RA was elucidated relying on the nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic data. Twenty-eight male Wistar rats received the following materials daily via oral gavage for 60 days; (Gp1): normal saline, (Gp2) 25 mg/kg.bwt RA, (Gp3) 10 mg/kg.bwt potassium dichromate (K2 Cr2 O7 ), (Gp4) K2 Cr2 O7 + RA. All rats were euthanized at the end of the experiment by cervical dislocation and the liver and kidney were collected. Prolonged continuous exposure of rats to chromium-induced oxidant/antioxidant imbalance manifested by significant elevation of malondialdehyde with reduction in reduced glutathione levels. Remarkable histopathological alterations in the liver and kidney tissue sections were recorded and confirmed by overexpression of the immunohistochemical staining of caspase-3, placental glutathione-S transferase, proliferating cell nuclear antigen together with a significant downregulation of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) gene and upregulation of nibrin gene. Observable improvements in the entire toxicopathological parameters were recorded in group cotreated with RA. Our findings revealed that Cr-induced preneoplastic lesions on the liver and kidney tissues of rats when exposed daily for long period of time, as well as confirmed the ability of RA to alleviate this toxicity through upregulation of Nrf2 pathway and its powerful antioxidant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azem A Khalaf
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman I Hassanen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Adel F Tohamy
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Highest Colleges of Technology, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mahmoud A Aboseada
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Hossam M Hassan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Amr R Zaki
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Khalaf AA, Hassanen EI, Azouz RA, Zaki AR, Ibrahim MA, Farroh KY, Galal MK. Ameliorative Effect Of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Against Dermal Toxicity Induced By Lead Oxide In Rats. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:7729-7741. [PMID: 31806958 PMCID: PMC6855620 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s220572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, several studies demonstrate the possible role of zinc oxide (ZnO) in the protection of several skin diseases, but less is known about the role of ZnO nanoparticles in the inflammatory skin disease. So, this study was designed to confirm the pivotal role of the nano zinc oxide cream in the alleviation of lead oxide (PbO) induced-allergic dermatitis in rats. Materials and methods Two concentrations (1% and 6%) of ZnONPs creams were prepared and characterized prior to being used in the study. A total number of 30 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups. Group 1 (negative control), groups 2&3 (either 1% or 6% ZnONPs control groups), group 4 (PbO), groups 5&6 (co-treatment of each ZnONPs concentration+PbO). All rats in different groups were observed daily to determine the severity of dermal gross lesions. Histopathological studies, mRNA analysis, and oxidative stress evaluations were performed on the affected skin tissue. Immunohistochemical studies were performed to evaluate the expression of cluster of differentiation CD4, CD8 and intercellular adhesion molecules ICAM-1 in different groups. Results PbO caused extensive skin oxidative damage manifested by a significant increase in MDA level with a decrease in GSH content and CAT activity. The results of histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations revealed that topical application of PbO for 14 days led to severe allergic dermatitis with remarkable elevations in the number of CD4+ T-helper, CD8+ T-cytotoxic lymphocytes, and ICAM-1 expression. On the other hand, noticeable improvements were recorded in all the previous toxicopathological parameters among the groups treated by either 1% or 6% ZnO-NPs cream. However, the best results were observed in the group treated with 1% ZnO-NPs cream. Conclusion Our findings suggest that 1% of ZnO-NPs cream is safe when applied topically on the inflamed skin. Moreover, it had anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects so that, it is recommended to use the 1% ZnO-NPs cream to avert the dermal toxicity-induced by PbO.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Khalaf
- Department of Toxicology & Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Eman I Hassanen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rehab A Azouz
- Department of Toxicology & Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amr R Zaki
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Khaled Y Farroh
- Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials Central Lab, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mona K Galal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Khalaf AA, Hassanen EI, Zaki AR, Tohamy AF, Ibrahim MA. Histopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular studies for determination of wound age and vitality in rats. Int Wound J 2019; 16:1416-1425. [PMID: 31448552 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In forensic medicine, it is vital to verify with the best attainable accuracy once injuries occurred during vital or post-mortem conditions. An immunohistochemical study was carried out to examine the time-dependent expression of macrophage-specific gene CD68 (cluster of differentiation 68), alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in different skin wound timings (0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 days) in rats. Histopathological studies were performed to assess the wound age and vitality. Eighteen male albino Wister rats (weighing 170-200 g) were used for wound induction. Rats (n = 3) were euthanised at 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 days from the starting point of wound induction. Histopathological examination showed that the epidermal re-epithelialisation was completed 14 days after skin incision. The inflammatory phase was recorded during the first 3 days of healing and reached the maximum levels at 5 days, then declined after 7 days, and completely removed at 14 days. The beginning of the proliferative phase was dated to day 3 and the peak at days 5 and 7. The initiation of the granulation tissue formation and remodelling phase of the healing process was observed 5 days after wounding. By immunohistochemical staining, negative VEGF gene expressions at early stages (0-3 days) were observed, as well as neither CD68+ macrophages nor α-SMA+ myofibroblast cells were detected. By increasing the wound ages (5-7 days), granulation tissue and angiogenesis were observed, with the migration of macrophages and fibroblast, which expressed VEGF, CD68, and α-SMA positive reaction. Time-dependent expression of the above markers suggested that they would be useful indicators for the determination of wound age. Both VEGF and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFb1) mRNA levels were determined in different skin wound ages. The transcription of TGFb1 and VEGF increased shortly after wounding, until post-wounding day 7. It then declined constantly, reaching minimal values on day 14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azem A Khalaf
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman I Hassanen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr R Zaki
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Adel F Tohamy
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Hussein UK, Hassan NEHY, Elhalwagy MEA, Zaki AR, Abubakr HO, Nagulapalli Venkata KC, Jang KY, Bishayee A. Ginger and Propolis Exert Neuroprotective Effects against Monosodium Glutamate-Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats. Molecules 2017; 22:E1928. [PMID: 29117134 PMCID: PMC6150236 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system cytotoxicity is linked to neurodegenerative disorders. The objective of the study was to investigate whether monosodium glutamate (MSG) neurotoxicity can be reversed by natural products, such as ginger or propolis, in male rats. Four different groups of Wistar rats were utilized in the study. Group A served as a normal control, whereas group B was orally administered with MSG (100 mg/kg body weight, via oral gavage). Two additional groups, C and D, were given MSG as group B along with oral dose (500 mg/kg body weight) of either ginger or propolis (600 mg/kg body weight) once a day for two months. At the end, the rats were sacrificed, and the brain tissue was excised and levels of neurotransmitters, ß-amyloid, and DNA oxidative marker 8-OHdG were estimated in the brain homogenates. Further, formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded brain sections were used for histopathological evaluation. The results showed that MSG increased lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, neurotransmitters, and 8-OHdG as well as registered an accumulation of ß-amyloid peptides compared to normal control rats. Moreover, significant depletions of glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase as well as histopathological alterations in the brain tissue of MSG-treated rats were noticed in comparison with the normal control. In contrast, treatment with ginger greatly attenuated the neurotoxic effects of MSG through suppression of 8-OHdG and β-amyloid accumulation as well as alteration of neurotransmitter levels. Further improvements were also noticed based on histological alterations and reduction of neurodegeneration in the brain tissue. A modest inhibition of the neurodegenerative markers was observed by propolis. The study clearly indicates a neuroprotective effect of ginger and propolis against MSG-induced neurodegenerative disorders and these beneficial effects could be attributed to the polyphenolic compounds present in these natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usama K Hussein
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62511, Egypt.
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University, Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
| | - Nour El-Houda Y Hassan
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62511, Egypt.
| | - Manal E A Elhalwagy
- Faculty of Science, Al Faisaliah Campus, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21453, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Amr R Zaki
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62511, Egypt.
| | - Huda O Abubakr
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
| | | | - Kyu Yun Jang
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University, Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL 33169, USA.
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Khalaf A, Ibrahim M, Tohamy A, Allah AA, Zaki AR. Protective Effect of Vitazinc on Chlorsan Induced Oxidative Stress, Genotoxicity and Histopathological Changes in Testicular Tissues of Male Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2016. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2017.22.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Khalaf AA, Zaki AR, Galal MK, Ogaly HA, Ibrahim MA, Hassan A. The potential protective effect of α-lipoic acid against nanocopper particle-induced hepatotoxicity in male rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 36:881-891. [PMID: 27827802 DOI: 10.1177/0960327116674526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The present research task is aimed to evaluate the role of exogenous α-lipoic acid (ALA) (100 mg/kg body weight) as hepatoprotective and potent antioxidant in amelioration of copper nanoparticle (CNP)-induced hepatotoxicity. Forty male rats were randomly assigned into four equal groups: group I (control), group II received CNPs, group III received CNPs + ALA, and finally group IV received ALA for 2 months. At the end of the experimental period, the rats were decapitated, and blood and liver tissue samples were collected for measurement of liver function tests, antioxidant status, lipid peroxidation (LPO), copper content, expression of some apoptotic genes, and histopathological analysis. CNPs induced marked hepatic damages as evident by severe alteration in hepatic biomarkers. This was accompanied by a significant elevation in hepatic LPO and induced nitric oxide, copper content, and expression level of apoptotic genes (C-myc and C-jun). In contrast, marked depletion for antioxidant parameters was detected. These findings were confirmed with severe pathological alterations. Coadministration of ALA as a powerful antioxidant attenuates the hepatotoxic effects of CNPs through improvement of liver parameters, oxidative status, genetic changes, and preservation of liver integrity through histopathological analysis. These results suggest that consumed ALA could be used as an applicable hepatoprotective agent against oxidative damage mediated by nanoparticles intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Khalaf
- 1 Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - A R Zaki
- 2 Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef Governorate, Egypt
| | - M K Galal
- 3 Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - H A Ogaly
- 3 Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - M A Ibrahim
- 3 Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - A Hassan
- 4 Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Hassan MS, Morgan AM, Mekawy MM, Zaki AR, Ghazi ZM. Teratogenic effect of cisplatin in rats and the protective role of sodium selenate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 68:277-87. [PMID: 26968388 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Eighty pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. They were allotted to four equal groups. The first group served as a control without any treatment while the other groups were given cisplatin, sodium selenate, and cisplatin+sodium selenate, respectively. Cisplatin was injected intraperitoneally in a dose of 5mg/kgb wt. on the 12th day of gestation while sodium selenate was administered orally in a dose of 0.5mg/kgb wt throughout gestation. Animals were sacrificed on the 20th day of gestation for fetal examination. Cisplatin produced significant elevation in the percentages of late resorption sites and dead foetuses compared with the control group. The mean foetal and placental weights were significantly reduced. Dwarf foetuses and subcutaneous (s/c) haemorrhage were also recorded in cisplatin-treated group. Visceral abnormalities were revealed in the form of dilated nares, anophthalmia and/or microphthalmia, dilated brain ventricles, hypertrophy of the heart, hypoplasia of the lung, hepatomegaly and dilated renal pelvis. Skeletal examination showed wide open fontanel, incomplete ossification of parietal and interparietal bones, incomplete ossification of sternum, reduction in the number or even complete absence of phalanges, sacral and/or caudal vertebrae. Histopathological examination of placentas in cisplatin-treated group revealed severe pathological alterations. Administration of sodium selenate significantly alleviated the afore-mentioned adverse effects of cisplatin on the fetuses and their placentas so we conclude that sodium selenate as an antioxidant has an effective protective role in cisplatin teratogenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed S Hassan
- Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Ashraf M Morgan
- Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Mohey M Mekawy
- Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Amr R Zaki
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Egypt.
| | - Zeinab M Ghazi
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Omar Al-Mukhtar University, Libya
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