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Vandermeulen L, Geric I, Fumagalli L, Kreir M, Lu A, Nonneman A, Premereur J, Wolfs L, Policarpo R, Fattorelli N, De Bondt A, Van Den Wyngaert I, Asselbergh B, Fiers M, De Strooper B, d'Ydewalle C, Mancuso R. Regulation of human microglial gene expression and function via RNAase-H active antisense oligonucleotides in vivo in Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2024; 19:37. [PMID: 38654375 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-024-00725-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microglia play important roles in maintaining brain homeostasis and neurodegeneration. The discovery of genetic variants in genes predominately or exclusively expressed in myeloid cells, such as Apolipoprotein E (APOE) and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), as the strongest risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD) highlights the importance of microglial biology in the brain. The sequence, structure and function of several microglial proteins are poorly conserved across species, which has hampered the development of strategies aiming to modulate the expression of specific microglial genes. One way to target APOE and TREM2 is to modulate their expression using antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs). METHODS In this study, we identified, produced, and tested novel, selective and potent ASOs for human APOE and TREM2. We used a combination of in vitro iPSC-microglia models, as well as microglial xenotransplanted mice to provide proof of activity in human microglial in vivo. RESULTS We proved their efficacy in human iPSC microglia in vitro, as well as their pharmacological activity in vivo in a xenografted microglia model. We demonstrate ASOs targeting human microglia can modify their transcriptional profile and their response to amyloid-β plaques in vivo in a model of AD. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first proof-of-concept that human microglial can be modulated using ASOs in a dose-dependent manner to manipulate microglia phenotypes and response to neurodegeneration in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Vandermeulen
- Neuroscience Discovery, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, 2340, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Ivana Geric
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- Laboratory for the Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Laura Fumagalli
- MIND Lab, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mohamed Kreir
- Preclinical Development & Safety, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, 2340, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Ashley Lu
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- Laboratory for the Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Annelies Nonneman
- Neuroscience Discovery, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, 2340, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Jessie Premereur
- MIND Lab, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Leen Wolfs
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- Laboratory for the Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Rafaela Policarpo
- Neuroscience Discovery, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, 2340, Beerse, Belgium
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- Laboratory for the Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Nicola Fattorelli
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- Laboratory for the Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - An De Bondt
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, 2340, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Ilse Van Den Wyngaert
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, 2340, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Bob Asselbergh
- Neuromics Support Facility, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, University of Antwerp, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
- Neuromics Support Facility, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mark Fiers
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- Laboratory for the Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, W1T 7NF, UK
| | - Bart De Strooper
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- Laboratory for the Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, W1T 7NF, UK
| | - Constantin d'Ydewalle
- Neuroscience Discovery, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, 2340, Beerse, Belgium.
| | - Renzo Mancuso
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, 3000, Belgium.
- Laboratory for the Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium.
- MIND Lab, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium.
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Cacace R, Zhou L, Hendrickx Van de Craen E, Buist A, Hoogmartens J, Sieben A, Cras P, Vandenberghe R, De Deyn PP, Oehlrich D, De Bondt A, Engelborghs S, Moechars D, Van Broeckhoven C. Mutated Toll-like receptor 9 increases Alzheimer's disease risk by compromising innate immunity protection. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:5380-5389. [PMID: 37433968 PMCID: PMC11041692 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02166-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
The development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) involves central and peripheral immune deregulation. Gene identification and studies of AD genetic variants of peripheral immune components may aid understanding of peripheral-central immune crosstalk and facilitate new opportunities for therapeutic intervention. In this study, we have identified in a Flanders-Belgian family a novel variant p.E317D in the Toll-like receptor 9 gene (TLR9), co-segregating with EOAD in an autosomal dominant manner. In human, TLR9 is an essential innate and adaptive immune component predominantly expressed in peripheral immune cells. The p.E317D variant caused 50% reduction in TLR9 activation in the NF-κB luciferase assay suggesting that p.E317D is a loss-of-function mutation. Cytokine profiling of human PBMCs upon TLR9 activation revealed a predominantly anti-inflammatory response in contrast to the inflammatory responses from TLR7/8 activation. The cytokines released upon TLR9 activation suppressed inflammation and promoted phagocytosis of Aβ42 oligomers in human iPSC-derived microglia. Transcriptome analysis identified upregulation of AXL, RUBICON and associated signaling pathways, which may underline the effects of TLR9 signaling-induced cytokines in regulating the inflammatory status and phagocytic property of microglia. Our data suggest a protective role of TLR9 signaling in AD pathogenesis, and we propose that TLR9 loss-of-function may disrupt a peripheral-central immune crosstalk that promotes dampening of inflammation and clearance of toxic protein species, leading to the build-up of neuroinflammation and pathogenic protein aggregates in AD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Cacace
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Lujia Zhou
- Department of Neuroscience, Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Elisabeth Hendrickx Van de Craen
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Arjan Buist
- Department of Neuroscience, Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Julie Hoogmartens
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Anne Sieben
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Patrick Cras
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
- Institute Born-Bunge, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Rik Vandenberghe
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, and Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter P De Deyn
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Institute Born-Bunge, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, Hospital Network Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Daniel Oehlrich
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - An De Bondt
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Sebastiaan Engelborghs
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, and Center for Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Diederik Moechars
- Department of Neuroscience, Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Christine Van Broeckhoven
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
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Turcinov S, Af Klint E, Van Schoubroeck B, Kouwenhoven A, Mia S, Chemin K, Wils H, Van Hove C, De Bondt A, Keustermans K, Van Houdt J, Reumers J, Felix N, Rao NL, Peeters P, Stevenaert F, Klareskog L, McKinnon M, Baker D, Suri A, Malmström V. Diversity and Clonality of T Cell Receptor Repertoire and Antigen Specificities in Small Joints of Early Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2022; 75:673-684. [PMID: 36409582 DOI: 10.1002/art.42407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE CD4+ T cells are implicated in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathology from the strong association between RA and certain HLA class II gene variants. This study was undertaken to examine the synovial T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire, T cell phenotypes, and T cell specificities in small joints of RA patients at time of diagnosis before therapeutic intervention. METHODS Sixteen patients, of whom 11 patients were anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA)-positive and 5 patients were ACPA-, underwent ultrasound-guided synovial biopsy of a small joint (n = 13) or arthroscopic synovial biopsy of a large joint (n = 3), followed by direct sorting of single T cells for paired sequencing of the αβ TCR together with flow cytometry analysis. TCRs from expanded CD4+ T cell clones of 4 patients carrying an HLA-DRB1*04:01 allele were artificially reexpressed to study antigen specificity. RESULTS T cell analysis demonstrated CD4+ dominance and the presence of peripheral helper T-like cells in both patient groups. We identified >4,000 unique TCR sequences, as well as 225 clonal expansions. Additionally, T cells with double α-chains were a recurring feature. We identified a biased gene usage of the Vβ chain segment TRBV20-1 in CD4+ cells from ACPA+ patients. In vitro stimulation of T cell lines expressing selected TCRs with an extensive panel of citrullinated and viral peptides identified several different virus-specific TCRs (e.g., human cytomegalovirus and human herpesvirus 2). Still, the majority of clones remained orphans with unknown specificity. CONCLUSION Minimally invasive biopsies of the RA synovium allow for single-cell TCR sequencing and phenotyping. Clonally expanded, viral-reactive T cells account for part of the diverse CD4+ T cell repertoire. TRBV20-1 bias in ACPA+ patients suggests recognition of common antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Turcinov
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, and Theme of Inflammation and Ageing, Medical Unit Gastro, Derma, Rheuma, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Erik Af Klint
- Theme of Inflammation and Ageing, Medical Unit Gastro, Derma, Rheuma, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | | | | | - Sohel Mia
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Karine Chemin
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Hans Wils
- Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | | | - An De Bondt
- Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | | | | | - Joke Reumers
- Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Nathan Felix
- Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania
| | - Navin L Rao
- Janssen Research and Development, Horsham, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Lars Klareskog
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | | | - Daniel Baker
- Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania
| | - Anish Suri
- Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Vivianne Malmström
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
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Kreir M, Floren W, Policarpo R, De Bondt A, Van den Wyngaert I, Teisman A, Gallacher DJ, Lu HR. Is the forming of neuronal network activity in human-induced pluripotent stem cells important for the detection of drug-induced seizure risks? Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 931:175189. [PMID: 35987255 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional network activity is a characteristic for neuronal cells, and the complexity of the network activity represents the necessary substrate to support complex brain functions. Drugs that drastically increase the neuronal network activity may have a potential higher risk for seizures in human. Although there has been some recent considerable progress made using cultures from different types of human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) derived neurons, one of the primary limitations is the lack of - or very low - network activity. METHOD In the present study, we investigated whether the limited neuronal network activity in commercial hiPSC-neurons (CNS.4U®) is capable of detecting drug-induced potential seizure risks. Therefore, we compared the hiPSC-results to those in rat primary neurons with known high neuronal network activity in vitro. RESULTS Gene expression and electrical activity from in vitro developing neuronal networks were assessed at multiple time-points. Transcriptomes of 7, 28, and 50 days in vitro were analyzed and compared to those from human brain tissues. Data from measurements of electrical activity using multielectrode arrays (MEAs) indicate that neuronal networks matured gradually over time, albeit in hiPSC this developed slower than rat primary cultures. The response of neuronal networks to neuronal active reference drugs modulating glutamatergic, acetylcholinergic and GABAergic pathways could be detected in both hiPSC-neurons and rat primary neurons. However, in comparison, GABAergic responses were limited in hiPSC-neurons. CONCLUSION Overall, despite a slower network development and lower network activity, CNS.4U® hiPSC-neurons can be used to detect drug induced changes in neuronal network activity, as shown by well-known seizurogenic drugs (affecting e.g., the Glycine receptor and Na+ channel). However, lower sensitivity to GABA antagonists has been observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Kreir
- Global Safety Pharmacology, Predictive & Investigative Translational Toxicology, Nonclinical Safety, Janssen Research and Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium.
| | - Wim Floren
- Global Safety Pharmacology, Predictive & Investigative Translational Toxicology, Nonclinical Safety, Janssen Research and Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Rafaela Policarpo
- Neuroscience Therapeutic Area, Janssen Research & Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Belgium
| | - An De Bondt
- High Dimensional & Computational Biology, Janssen Research and Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Ilse Van den Wyngaert
- High Dimensional & Computational Biology, Janssen Research and Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Ard Teisman
- Global Safety Pharmacology, Predictive & Investigative Translational Toxicology, Nonclinical Safety, Janssen Research and Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - David J Gallacher
- Global Safety Pharmacology, Predictive & Investigative Translational Toxicology, Nonclinical Safety, Janssen Research and Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Hua Rong Lu
- Global Safety Pharmacology, Predictive & Investigative Translational Toxicology, Nonclinical Safety, Janssen Research and Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
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Delizannis AT, Nonneman A, Tsering W, De Bondt A, Van den Wyngaert I, Zhang B, Meymand E, Olufemi MF, Koivula P, Maimaiti S, Trojanowski JQ, Lee VMY, Brunden KR. Effects of microglial depletion and TREM2 deficiency on Aβ plaque burden and neuritic plaque tau pathology in 5XFAD mice. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2021; 9:150. [PMID: 34503586 PMCID: PMC8428059 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-021-01251-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dystrophic neuronal processes harboring neuritic plaque (NP) tau pathology are found in association with Aβ plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain. Microglia are also in proximity to these plaques and microglial gene variants are known risk factors in AD, including loss-of-function variants of TREM2. We have further investigated the role of Aβ plaque-associated microglia in 5XFAD mice in which NP tau pathology forms after intracerebral injection of AD brain-derived pathologic tau (AD-tau), focusing on the consequences of reduced TREM2 expression and microglial depletion after treatment with the colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSFR1) inhibitor, PLX3397. Young 5XFAD mice treated with PLX3397 had a large reduction of brain microglia, including cortical plaque-associated microglia, with a significant reduction of Aβ plaque burden in the cortex. A corresponding decrease in cortical APP-positive dystrophic processes and NP tau pathology were observed after intracerebral AD-tau injection in the PLX3397-treated 5XFAD mice. Consistent with prior reports, 5XFAD × TREM2-/- mice showed a significant reduction of plaque-associated microglial, whereas 5XFAD × TREM2+/- mice had significantly more plaque-associated microglia than 5XFAD × TREM2-/- mice. Nonetheless, AD-tau injected 5XFAD × TREM2+/- mice showed greatly increased AT8-positive NP tau relative to 5XFAD × TREM2+/+ mice. Expression profiling revealed that 5XFAD × TREM2+/- mice had a disease-associated microglial (DAM) gene expression profile in the brain that was generally intermediate between 5XFAD × TREM2+/+ and 5XFAD × TREM2-/- mice. Microarray analysis revealed significant differences in cortical and hippocampal gene expression between AD-tau injected 5XFAD × TREM2+/- and 5XFAD × TREM2-/- mice, including pathways linked to microglial function. These data suggest there is not a simple correlation between the extent of microglia plaque interaction and plaque-associated neuritic damage. Moreover, the differences in gene expression and microglial phenotype between TREM2+/- and TREM2-/- mice suggest that the former may better model the single copy TREM2 variants associated with AD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argyro Thalia Delizannis
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Annelies Nonneman
- Neurosience, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV (Division of Johnson & Johnson), Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Wangchen Tsering
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - An De Bondt
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV (Division of Johnson & Johnson), Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Ilse Van den Wyngaert
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV (Division of Johnson & Johnson), Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Bin Zhang
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Emily Meymand
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Modupe F Olufemi
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Pyry Koivula
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Shaniya Maimaiti
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Virginia M-Y Lee
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kurt R Brunden
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Thomson PJ, Kafu L, Meng X, Snoeys J, De Bondt A, De Maeyer D, Wils H, Leclercq L, Vinken P, Naisbitt DJ. Drug-specific T-cell responses in patients with liver injury following treatment with the BACE inhibitor atabecestat. Allergy 2021; 76:1825-1835. [PMID: 33150583 DOI: 10.1111/all.14652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atabecestat is an orally administered BACE inhibitor developed to treat Alzheimer's disease. Elevations in hepatic enzymes were detected in a number of in trial patients, which resulted in termination of the drug development programme. Immunohistochemical characterization of liver tissue from an index case of atabecestat-mediated liver injury revealed an infiltration of T-lymphocytes in areas of hepatocellular damage. This coupled with the fact that liver injury had a delayed onset suggests that the adaptive immune system may be involved in the pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to generate and characterize atabecestat(metabolite)-responsive T-cell clones from patients with liver injury. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cultured with atabecestat and its metabolites (diaminothiazine [DIAT], N-acetyl DIAT & epoxide) and cloning was attempted in a number of patients. Atabecestat(metabolite)-responsive clones were analysed in terms of T-cell phenotype, function, pathways of T-cell activation and cross-reactivity with structurally related compounds. RESULTS CD4+ T-cell clones activated with the DIAT metabolite were detected in 5 out of 8 patients (up to 4.5% cloning efficiency). Lower numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ clones displayed reactivity against atabecestat. Clones proliferated and secreted IFN-γ, IL-13 and cytolytic molecules following atabecestat or DIAT stimulation. Certain atabecestat and DIAT-responsive clones cross-reacted with N-acetyl DIAT; however, no cross-reactivity was observed between atabecestat and DIAT. CD4+ clones were activated through a direct, reversible compound-HLA class II interaction with no requirement for protein processing. CONCLUSION The detection of atabecestat metabolite-responsive T-cell clones activated via a pharmacological interactions pathway in patients with liver injury is indicative of an immune-based mechanism for the observed hepatic enzyme elevations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J. Thomson
- MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology University of Liverpool Liverpool UK
| | - Laila Kafu
- MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology University of Liverpool Liverpool UK
| | - Xiaoli Meng
- MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology University of Liverpool Liverpool UK
| | - Jan Snoeys
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Janssen R&D Beerse Belgium
| | - An De Bondt
- Discovery Sciences Janssen R&D Beerse Belgium
| | | | - Hans Wils
- Discovery Sciences Janssen R&D Beerse Belgium
| | | | | | - Dean J. Naisbitt
- MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology University of Liverpool Liverpool UK
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7
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Verheyen A, Diels A, Reumers J, Van Hoorde K, Van den Wyngaert I, van Outryve d’Ydewalle C, De Bondt A, Kuijlaars J, De Muynck L, De Hoogt R, Bretteville A, Jaensch S, Buist A, Cabrera-Socorro A, Wray S, Ebneth A, Roevens P, Royaux I, Peeters PJ. Genetically Engineered iPSC-Derived FTDP-17 MAPT Neurons Display Mutation-Specific Neurodegenerative and Neurodevelopmental Phenotypes. Stem Cell Reports 2019; 13:434-435. [PMID: 31412287 PMCID: PMC6700520 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Kreir M, De Bondt A, Van den Wyngaert I, Teuns G, Lu HR, Gallacher DJ. Role of Kv7.2/Kv7.3 and M 1 muscarinic receptors in the regulation of neuronal excitability in hiPSC-derived neurons. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 858:172474. [PMID: 31238068 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The Kv7 family of voltage-dependent non-inactivating potassium channels is composed of five members, of which four are expressed in the CNS. Kv7.2, 7.3 and 7.5 are responsible for the M-current, which plays a critical role in the regulation of neuronal excitability. Stimulation of M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, M1 receptor, increases neuronal excitability by suppressing the M-current generated by the Kv7 channel family. The M-current modulation via M1 receptor is well-described in in vitro assays using cell lines and in native rodent tissue. However, this mechanism was not yet reported in human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) derived neurons. In the present study, we investigated the effects of both agonists and antagonists of Kv7.2/7.3 channel and M1 receptor in hiPSC derived neurons and in primary rat cortical neuronal cells. The role of M1 receptors in the modulation of neuronal excitability could be demonstrated in both rat primary and hiPSC neurons. The M1 receptors agonist, xanomeline, increased neuronal excitability in both rat cortical and the hiPSC neuronal cells. Furthermore, M1 receptor agonist-induced neuronal excitability in vitro was reduced by an agonist of Kv7.2/7.3 in both neuronal cells. These results show that hiPSC derived neurons recreate the modulation of the M-current by the muscarinic receptor in hiPSC neurons similarly to rat native neurons. Thus, hiPSC neurons could be a useful human-based cell assay for characterization of drugs that affect neuronal excitability and/or induce seizure activity by modulation of M1 receptors or inhibition of Kv7 channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Kreir
- Non-Clinical Safety, Discovery, Product Development & Supply, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium.
| | - An De Bondt
- Computational Sciences, Discovery Sciences, Product Development & Supply, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Ilse Van den Wyngaert
- Computational Sciences, Discovery Sciences, Product Development & Supply, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Greet Teuns
- Non-Clinical Safety, Discovery, Product Development & Supply, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Hua Rong Lu
- Non-Clinical Safety, Discovery, Product Development & Supply, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - David J Gallacher
- Non-Clinical Safety, Discovery, Product Development & Supply, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
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9
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Verheyen A, Diels A, Reumers J, Van Hoorde K, Van den Wyngaert I, van Outryve d'Ydewalle C, De Bondt A, Kuijlaars J, De Muynck L, De Hoogt R, Bretteville A, Jaensch S, Buist A, Cabrera-Socorro A, Wray S, Ebneth A, Roevens P, Royaux I, Peeters PJ. Genetically Engineered iPSC-Derived FTDP-17 MAPT Neurons Display Mutation-Specific Neurodegenerative and Neurodevelopmental Phenotypes. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 11:363-379. [PMID: 30057263 PMCID: PMC6093179 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tauopathies such as frontotemporal dementia (FTD) remain incurable to date, partially due to the lack of translational in vitro disease models. The MAPT gene, encoding the microtubule-associated protein tau, has been shown to play an important role in FTD pathogenesis. Therefore, we used zinc finger nucleases to introduce two MAPT mutations into healthy donor induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). The IVS10+16 mutation increases the expression of 4R tau, while the P301S mutation is pro-aggregant. Whole-transcriptome analysis of MAPT IVS10+16 neurons reveals neuronal subtype differences, reduced neural progenitor proliferation potential, and aberrant WNT/SHH signaling. Notably, these neurodevelopmental phenotypes could be recapitulated in neurons from patients carrying the MAPT IVS10+16 mutation. Moreover, the additional pro-aggregant P301S mutation revealed additional phenotypes, such as an increased calcium burst frequency, reduced lysosomal acidity, tau oligomerization, and neurodegeneration. This series of iPSCs could serve as a platform to unravel a potential link between pathogenic 4R tau and FTD. Analysis of ZFN-engineered MAPT IVS10+16 with or without additional P301S mutation Neurodevelopmental phenotypes in ZFN and patient-derived MAPT IVS10+16 neurons Neurodegenerative phenotypes in MAPT IVS10+16/P301S double-mutant neurons
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Affiliation(s)
- An Verheyen
- Janssen Research & Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse 2340, Belgium.
| | - Annick Diels
- Janssen Research & Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse 2340, Belgium
| | - Joke Reumers
- Janssen Research & Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse 2340, Belgium
| | | | - Ilse Van den Wyngaert
- Janssen Research & Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse 2340, Belgium
| | | | - An De Bondt
- Janssen Research & Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse 2340, Belgium
| | - Jacobine Kuijlaars
- Hasselt University, Biomedical Research Institute, Diepenbeek 3590, Belgium
| | - Louis De Muynck
- Janssen Research & Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse 2340, Belgium
| | - Ronald De Hoogt
- Janssen Research & Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse 2340, Belgium
| | - Alexis Bretteville
- Janssen Research & Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse 2340, Belgium
| | - Steffen Jaensch
- Janssen Research & Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse 2340, Belgium
| | - Arjan Buist
- Janssen Research & Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse 2340, Belgium
| | - Alfredo Cabrera-Socorro
- Janssen Research & Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse 2340, Belgium
| | - Selina Wray
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 1PJ, UK
| | - Andreas Ebneth
- Janssen Research & Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse 2340, Belgium
| | - Peter Roevens
- Janssen Research & Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse 2340, Belgium
| | - Ines Royaux
- Janssen Research & Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse 2340, Belgium
| | - Pieter J Peeters
- Janssen Research & Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse 2340, Belgium
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10
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De Wolf H, Cougnaud L, Van Hoorde K, De Bondt A, Wegner JK, Ceulemans H, Göhlmann H. High-Throughput Gene Expression Profiles to Define Drug Similarity and Predict Compound Activity. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2018; 16:162-176. [DOI: 10.1089/adt.2018.845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hans De Wolf
- Janssen Research & Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Computational Sciences, Discovery Sciences, Beerse, Belgium
| | | | | | - An De Bondt
- Janssen Research & Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Computational Sciences, Discovery Sciences, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Joerg K. Wegner
- Janssen Research & Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Computational Sciences, Discovery Sciences, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Hugo Ceulemans
- Janssen Research & Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Computational Sciences, Discovery Sciences, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Hinrich Göhlmann
- Janssen Research & Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Computational Sciences, Discovery Sciences, Beerse, Belgium
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11
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De Wolf H, De Bondt A, Turner H, Göhlmann HWH. Transcriptional Characterization of Compounds: Lessons Learned from the Public LINCS Data. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2017; 14:252-60. [PMID: 27187605 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2016.715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The NIH-funded LINCS program has been initiated to generate a library of integrated, network-based, cellular signatures (LINCS). A novel high-throughput gene-expression profiling assay known as L1000 was the main technology used to generate more than a million transcriptional profiles. The profiles are based on the treatment of 14 cell lines with one of many perturbation agents of interest at a single concentration for 6 and 24 hours duration. In this study, we focus on the chemical compound treatments within the LINCS data set. The experimental variables available include number of replicates, cell lines, and time points. Our study reveals that compound characterization based on three cell lines at two time points results in more genes being affected than six cell lines at a single time point. Based on the available LINCS data, we conclude that the most optimal experimental design to characterize a large set of compounds is to test them in duplicate in three different cell lines. Our conclusions are constrained by the fact that the compounds were profiled at a single, relative high concentration, and the longer time point is likely to result in phenotypic rather than mechanistic effects being recorded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans De Wolf
- 1 Department of Discovery Sciences, Janssen R&D , Beerse, Belgium
| | - An De Bondt
- 1 Department of Discovery Sciences, Janssen R&D , Beerse, Belgium
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12
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Oyelami T, Bondt AD, den Wyngaert IV, Hoorde KV, Hoskens L, Shaban H, Kemp JA, Drinkenburg WH. Age-dependent concomitant changes in synaptic dysfunction and GABAergic pathway in the APP/PS1 mouse model. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2017; 76:282-293. [PMID: 28094819 DOI: 10.21307/ane-2017-027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Synaptic dysfunction is a well-documented manifestation in animal models of Alzheimer's disease pathology. In this context, numerous studies have documented reduction in the functionality of synapses in various models. In addition, recent research has shed more light on increased excitability and its link to seizures and seizure-like activities in AD patients as well as in mouse models. These reports of hyperexcitability contradict the observed reduction in synaptic function and have been suggested to be as a result of the interplay between inhibitory and excitatory neuronal mechanism. The present study therefore investigates functional deficiency in the inhibitory system as complementary to the identified alterations in the glutamate excitatory pathway in AD. Since synaptic function deficit in AD is typically linked to progression/pathology of the disease, it is important to determine whether the deficits in the GABAergic system are functional and can be directly linked to the pattern of the disruption documented in the glutamate system. To build on previous research in this field, experiments were designed to determine if previously documented synaptic dysfunction in AD models is concomitantly observed with excitation/inhibition imbalance as suggested by observation of seizure and seizure-like pathology in such models. We report changes in synaptic function in aged APPPS1 mice not observable in the younger cohort. These changes in synaptic function are furthermore accompanied by alteration in the GABAergic neurotransmission. Thus, age-dependent alteration in the inhibitory/excitatory balance might underpin the symptomatic changes observed with the progression of Alzheimer's disease pathology including sleep disturbance and epileptic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tutu Oyelami
- Department of Neuroscience, Janssen Research and Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium; Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
| | - An De Bondt
- Department of Computational Biology, Janssen Research and Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Ilse Van den Wyngaert
- Department of Translational Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Kirsten Van Hoorde
- OpenAnalytics NV, Antwerp, Belgium, 5 Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Luc Hoskens
- Department of Neuroscience, Janssen Research and Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Hamdy Shaban
- Department of Neuroscience, Janssen Research and Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - John A Kemp
- Department of Neuroscience, Janssen Research and Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Wilhelmus H Drinkenburg
- Department of Neuroscience, Janssen Research and Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium,
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13
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Stroobants S, Van Acker NGG, Verheijen FW, Goris I, Daneels GFT, Schot R, Verbeek E, Knaapen MWM, De Bondt A, Göhlmann HW, Crauwels MLA, Mancini GMS, Andries LJ, Moechars DWE, D'Hooge R. Progressive leukoencephalopathy impairs neurobehavioral development in sialin-deficient mice. Exp Neurol 2017; 291:106-119. [PMID: 28189729 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Slc17a5-/- mice represent an animal model for the infantile form of sialic acid storage disease (SASD). We analyzed genetic and histological time-course expression of myelin and oligodendrocyte (OL) lineage markers in different parts of the CNS, and related this to postnatal neurobehavioral development in these mice. Sialin-deficient mice display a distinct spatiotemporal pattern of sialic acid storage, CNS hypomyelination and leukoencephalopathy. Whereas few genes are differentially expressed in the perinatal stage (p0), microarray analysis revealed increased differential gene expression in later postnatal stages (p10-p18). This included progressive upregulation of neuroinflammatory genes, as well as continuous down-regulation of genes that encode myelin constituents and typical OL lineage markers. Age-related histopathological analysis indicates that initial myelination occurs normally in hindbrain regions, but progression to more frontal areas is affected in Slc17a5-/- mice. This course of progressive leukoencephalopathy and CNS hypomyelination delays neurobehavioral development in sialin-deficient mice. Slc17a5-/- mice successfully achieve early neurobehavioral milestones, but exhibit progressive delay of later-stage sensory and motor milestones. The present findings may contribute to further understanding of the processes of CNS myelination as well as help to develop therapeutic strategies for SASD and other myelination disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Frans W Verheijen
- Dept. Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ilse Goris
- Research and Early Development Europe, J&J Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Guy F T Daneels
- Research and Early Development Europe, J&J Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Rachel Schot
- Dept. Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elly Verbeek
- Dept. Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - An De Bondt
- Research and Early Development Europe, J&J Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Hinrich W Göhlmann
- Research and Early Development Europe, J&J Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | | | - Grazia M S Mancini
- Dept. Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Dieder W E Moechars
- Research and Early Development Europe, J&J Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Rudi D'Hooge
- Laboratory of Biological Psychology, KU Leuven, Belgium
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14
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Kopljar I, De Bondt A, Vinken P, Teisman A, Damiano B, Goeminne N, Van den Wyngaert I, Gallacher DJ, Lu HR. Chronic drug-induced effects on contractile motion properties and cardiac biomarkers in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:3766-3779. [PMID: 28094846 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In the pharmaceutical industry risk assessments of chronic cardiac safety liabilities are mostly performed during late stages of preclinical drug development using in vivo animal models. Here, we explored the potential of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPS-CMs) to detect chronic cardiac risks such as drug-induced cardiomyocyte toxicity. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Video microscopy-based motion field imaging was applied to evaluate the chronic effect (over 72 h) of cardiotoxic drugs on the contractile motion of hiPS-CMs. In parallel, the release of cardiac troponin I (cTnI), heart fatty acid binding protein (FABP3) and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) was analysed from cell medium, and transcriptional profiling of hiPS-CMs was done at the end of the experiment. KEY RESULTS Different cardiotoxic drugs altered the contractile motion properties of hiPS-CMs together with increasing the release of cardiac biomarkers. FABP3 and cTnI were shown to be potential surrogates to predict cardiotoxicity in hiPS-CMs, whereas NT-proBNP seemed to be a less valuable biomarker. Furthermore, drug-induced cardiotoxicity produced by chronic exposure of hiPS-CMs to arsenic trioxide, doxorubicin or panobinostat was associated with different profiles of changes in contractile parameters, biomarker release and transcriptional expression. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS We have shown that a parallel assessment of motion field imaging-derived contractile properties, release of biomarkers and transcriptional changes can detect diverse mechanisms of chronic drug-induced cardiac liabilities in hiPS-CMs. Hence, hiPS-CMs could potentially improve and accelerate cardiovascular de-risking of compounds at earlier stages of drug discovery. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on New Insights into Cardiotoxicity Caused by Chemotherapeutic Agents. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.21/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Kopljar
- Preclinical Development and Safety, Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - An De Bondt
- Computational Sciences, Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Petra Vinken
- Preclinical Development and Safety, Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Ard Teisman
- Preclinical Development and Safety, Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Bruce Damiano
- Preclinical Safety and Development, Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Spring House, PA, USA
| | - Nick Goeminne
- Preclinical Development and Safety, Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Ilse Van den Wyngaert
- Computational Sciences, Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - David J Gallacher
- Preclinical Development and Safety, Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Hua Rong Lu
- Preclinical Development and Safety, Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
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15
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Knöspel F, Jacobs F, Freyer N, Damm G, De Bondt A, van den Wyngaert I, Snoeys J, Monshouwer M, Richter M, Strahl N, Seehofer D, Zeilinger K. In Vitro Model for Hepatotoxicity Studies Based on Primary Human Hepatocyte Cultivation in a Perfused 3D Bioreactor System. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:584. [PMID: 27092500 PMCID: PMC4849040 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17040584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurate prediction of the potential hepatotoxic nature of new pharmaceuticals remains highly challenging. Therefore, novel in vitro models with improved external validity are needed to investigate hepatic metabolism and timely identify any toxicity of drugs in humans. In this study, we examined the effects of diclofenac, as a model substance with a known risk of hepatotoxicity in vivo, in a dynamic multi-compartment bioreactor using primary human liver cells. Biotransformation pathways of the drug and possible effects on metabolic activities, morphology and cell transcriptome were evaluated. Formation rates of diclofenac metabolites were relatively stable over the application period of seven days in bioreactors exposed to 300 µM diclofenac (300 µM bioreactors (300 µM BR)), while in bioreactors exposed to 1000 µM diclofenac (1000 µM BR) metabolite concentrations declined drastically. The biochemical data showed a significant decrease in lactate production and for the higher dose a significant increase in ammonia secretion, indicating a dose-dependent effect of diclofenac application. The microarray analyses performed revealed a stable hepatic phenotype of the cells over time and the observed transcriptional changes were in line with functional readouts of the system. In conclusion, the data highlight the suitability of the bioreactor technology for studying the hepatotoxicity of drugs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Knöspel
- Bioreactor Group, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin 13353, Germany.
| | - Frank Jacobs
- Janssen Research & Development, Beerse 2340, Belgium.
| | - Nora Freyer
- Bioreactor Group, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin 13353, Germany.
| | - Georg Damm
- Department for General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin 13353, Germany.
| | - An De Bondt
- Janssen Research & Development, Beerse 2340, Belgium.
| | | | - Jan Snoeys
- Janssen Research & Development, Beerse 2340, Belgium.
| | | | - Marco Richter
- Bioreactor Group, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin 13353, Germany.
| | - Nadja Strahl
- Bioreactor Group, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin 13353, Germany.
| | - Daniel Seehofer
- Department for General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin 13353, Germany.
| | - Katrin Zeilinger
- Bioreactor Group, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin 13353, Germany.
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16
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Kopljar I, Gallacher DJ, De Bondt A, Cougnaud L, Vlaminckx E, Van den Wyngaert I, Lu HR. Functional and Transcriptional Characterization of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor-Mediated Cardiac Adverse Effects in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:602-12. [PMID: 27034410 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors possess therapeutic potential to reverse aberrant epigenetic changes associated with cancers, neurological diseases, and immune disorders. Unfortunately, clinical studies with some HDAC inhibitors displayed delayed cardiac adverse effects, such as atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia. However, the underlying molecular mechanism(s) of HDAC inhibitor-mediated cardiotoxicity remains poorly understood and is difficult to detect in the early stages of preclinical drug development because of a delayed onset of effects. In the present study, we show for the first time in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPS-CMs) that HDAC inhibitors (dacinostat, panobinostat, vorinostat, entinostat, and tubastatin-a) induce delayed dose-related cardiac dysfunction at therapeutic concentrations associated with cardiac adverse effects in humans. HDAC inhibitor-mediated delayed effects on the beating properties of hiPS-CMs developed after 12 hours by decreasing the beat rate, shortening the field potential duration, and inducing arrhythmic behavior under form of sustained contractions and fibrillation-like patterns. Transcriptional changes that are common between the cardiotoxic HDAC inhibitors but different from noncardiotoxic treatments identified cardiac-specific genes and pathways related to structural and functional changes in cardiomyocytes. Combining the functional data with epigenetic changes in hiPS-CMs allowed us to identify molecular targets that might explain HDAC inhibitor-mediated cardiac adverse effects in humans. Therefore, hiPS-CMs represent a valuable translational model to assess HDAC inhibitor-mediated cardiotoxicity and support identification of better HDAC inhibitors with an improved benefit-risk profile. SIGNIFICANCE Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are a promising class of drugs to treat certain cancers, autoimmune, and neurodegenerative diseases. However, treated patients can experience various cardiac adverse events such as hearth rhythm disorders. This study found that human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPS-CMs) can predict cardiac adverse events in patients caused by HDAC inhibitors. Furthermore, transcriptional changes at the level of gene expression supported the effects on the beating properties of hiPS-CMs and highlight targets that might cause these cardiac adverse effects. hiPS-CMs represent a valuable translational model to assess HDAC inhibitor-mediated cardiotoxicity and to support development of safer HDAC inhibitors.
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MESH Headings
- Action Potentials
- Arrhythmias, Cardiac/chemically induced
- Arrhythmias, Cardiac/enzymology
- Arrhythmias, Cardiac/genetics
- Arrhythmias, Cardiac/physiopathology
- Cells, Cultured
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Epigenesis, Genetic/drug effects
- Gene Expression Profiling/methods
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Genotype
- Heart Diseases/chemically induced
- Heart Diseases/enzymology
- Heart Diseases/genetics
- Heart Diseases/physiopathology
- Heart Rate/drug effects
- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors/toxicity
- Humans
- Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/drug effects
- Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/enzymology
- Myocardial Contraction/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/enzymology
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
- Phenotype
- Risk Assessment
- Time Factors
- Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Kopljar
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica, Beerse, Belgium
| | - David J Gallacher
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica, Beerse, Belgium
| | - An De Bondt
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica, Beerse, Belgium
| | | | - Eddy Vlaminckx
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Ilse Van den Wyngaert
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Hua Rong Lu
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica, Beerse, Belgium
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Lambertz I, Kumps C, Claeys S, Lindner S, Beckers A, Janssens E, Carter DR, Cazes A, Cheung BB, De Mariano M, De Bondt A, De Brouwer S, Delattre O, Gibbons J, Janoueix-Lerosey I, Laureys G, Liang C, Marchall GM, Porcu M, Takita J, Trujillo DC, Van Den Wyngaert I, Van Roy N, Van Goethem A, Van Maerken T, Zabrocki P, Cools J, Schulte JH, Vialard J, Speleman F, De Preter K. Upregulation of MAPK Negative Feedback Regulators and RET in Mutant ALK Neuroblastoma: Implications for Targeted Treatment. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:3327-39. [PMID: 25805801 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Activating ALK mutations are present in almost 10% of primary neuroblastomas and mark patients for treatment with small-molecule ALK inhibitors in clinical trials. However, recent studies have shown that multiple mechanisms drive resistance to these molecular therapies. We anticipated that detailed mapping of the oncogenic ALK-driven signaling in neuroblastoma can aid to identify potential fragile nodes as additional targets for combination therapies. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN To achieve this goal, transcriptome profiling was performed in neuroblastoma cell lines with the ALK(F1174L) or ALK(R1275Q) hotspot mutations, ALK amplification, or wild-type ALK following pharmacologic inhibition of ALK using four different compounds. Next, we performed cross-species genomic analyses to identify commonly transcriptionally perturbed genes in MYCN/ALK(F1174L) double transgenic versus MYCN transgenic mouse tumors as compared with the mutant ALK-driven transcriptome in human neuroblastomas. RESULTS A 77-gene ALK signature was established and successfully validated in primary neuroblastoma samples, in a neuroblastoma cell line with ALK(F1174L) and ALK(R1275Q) regulable overexpression constructs and in other ALKomas. In addition to the previously established PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK/ERK, and MYC/MYCN signaling branches, we identified that mutant ALK drives a strong upregulation of MAPK negative feedback regulators and upregulates RET and RET-driven sympathetic neuronal markers of the cholinergic lineage. CONCLUSIONS We provide important novel insights into the transcriptional consequences and the complexity of mutant ALK signaling in this aggressive pediatric tumor. The negative feedback loop of MAPK pathway inhibitors may affect novel ALK inhibition therapies, whereas mutant ALK induced RET signaling can offer novel opportunities for testing ALK-RET oriented molecular combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Lambertz
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Candy Kumps
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Shana Claeys
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sven Lindner
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Haematology, University Children's Hospital Essen, Germany
| | - Anneleen Beckers
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Els Janssens
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Daniel R Carter
- Kids Cancer Center, Sydneys Children's Hospital, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Alex Cazes
- Unité Inserm U830, Centre de Recherche, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Belamy B Cheung
- Kids Cancer Center, Sydneys Children's Hospital, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Marilena De Mariano
- Biotherapy Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - An De Bondt
- Oncology Discovery Research and Early Development, Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Sara De Brouwer
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Olivier Delattre
- Unité Inserm U830, Centre de Recherche, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Jay Gibbons
- VP Oncology, Xcovery LLC, West Palm Beach, Florida
| | | | - Geneviève Laureys
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Haematology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Chris Liang
- VP Oncology, Xcovery LLC, West Palm Beach, Florida
| | - Glenn M Marchall
- Kids Cancer Center, Sydneys Children's Hospital, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael Porcu
- Center for Human Genetics, K.U. Leuven-VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Junko Takita
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Ilse Van Den Wyngaert
- Oncology Discovery Research and Early Development, Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Nadine Van Roy
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alan Van Goethem
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Van Maerken
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Piotr Zabrocki
- Center for Human Genetics, K.U. Leuven-VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Cools
- Center for Human Genetics, K.U. Leuven-VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johannes H Schulte
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Haematology, University Children's Hospital Essen, Germany. German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Germany. Translational Neuro-Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany. German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. Centre for Medical Biotechnology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jorge Vialard
- Oncology Discovery Biology, Janssen Research & Development, a division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Frank Speleman
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Katleen De Preter
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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Clevert DA, Mitterecker A, Mayr A, Klambauer G, Tuefferd M, De Bondt A, Talloen W, Göhlmann H, Hochreiter S. cn.FARMS: a latent variable model to detect copy number variations in microarray data with a low false discovery rate. Nucleic Acids Res 2011; 39:e79. [PMID: 21486749 PMCID: PMC3130288 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkr197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cost-effective oligonucleotide genotyping arrays like the Affymetrix SNP 6.0 are still the predominant technique to measure DNA copy number variations (CNVs). However, CNV detection methods for microarrays overestimate both the number and the size of CNV regions and, consequently, suffer from a high false discovery rate (FDR). A high FDR means that many CNVs are wrongly detected and therefore not associated with a disease in a clinical study, though correction for multiple testing takes them into account and thereby decreases the study's discovery power. For controlling the FDR, we propose a probabilistic latent variable model, 'cn.FARMS', which is optimized by a Bayesian maximum a posteriori approach. cn.FARMS controls the FDR through the information gain of the posterior over the prior. The prior represents the null hypothesis of copy number 2 for all samples from which the posterior can only deviate by strong and consistent signals in the data. On HapMap data, cn.FARMS clearly outperformed the two most prevalent methods with respect to sensitivity and FDR. The software cn.FARMS is publicly available as a R package at http://www.bioinf.jku.at/software/cnfarms/cnfarms.html.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djork-Arné Clevert
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
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Tuefferd M, De Bondt A, Van Den Wyngaert I, Talloen W, Verbeke T, Carvalho B, Clevert DA, Alifano M, Raghavan N, Amaratunga D, Göhlmann H, Broët P, Camilleri-Broët S. Genome-wide copy number alterations detection in fresh frozen and matched FFPE samples using SNP 6.0 arrays. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2008; 47:957-64. [PMID: 18663747 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.20599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
SNP arrays offer the opportunity to get a genome-wide view on copy number alterations and are increasingly used in oncology. DNA from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded material (FFPE) is partially degraded which limits the application of those technologies for retrospective studies. We present the use of Affymetrix GeneChip SNP6.0 for identification of copy number alterations in fresh frozen (FF) and matched FFPE samples. Fifteen pairs of adenocarcinomas with both frozen and FFPE embedded material were analyzed. We present an optimization of the sample preparation and show the importance of correcting the measured intensities for fragment length and GC-content when using FFPE samples. The absence of GC content correction results in a chromosome specific "wave pattern" which may lead to the misclassification of genomic regions as being altered. The highest concordance between FFPE and matched FF were found in samples with the highest call rates. Nineteen of the 23 high level amplifications (83%) seen using FF samples were also detected in the corresponding FFPE material. For limiting the rate of "false positive" alterations, we have chosen a conservative False Discovery Rate (FDR). We observed better results using SNP probes than CNV probes for copy number analysis of FFPE material. This is the first report on the detection of copy number alterations in FFPE samples using Affymetrix GeneChip SNP6.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Tuefferd
- JE2492 Department, Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, IFR69, Villejuif, France.
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