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Butcher JT, Davel AP, Bruder-Nascimento T. Editorial: Adipose Tissue in the Cardiovascular Homeostasis and Disease. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:803199. [PMID: 34899361 PMCID: PMC8652223 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.803199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua T Butcher
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Ana P Davel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Thiago Bruder-Nascimento
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Pediatrics Research in Obesity and Metabolism (CPROM), Vascular Medicine Institute (VMI), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Bernak-Oliveira Â, Guizoni DM, Chiavegatto S, Davel AP, Rossoni LV. The protective role of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in endothelial vasodilation in chronic β-adrenoceptor overstimulation. Life Sci 2021; 285:119939. [PMID: 34506836 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) are key enzymes regulating vascular function. Previously, we reported that β-adrenergic (β-AR) overstimulation, a common feature of cardiovascular diseases, did not impair endothelium-dependent vasodilation, although it resulted in endothelial NOS (eNOS) uncoupling and reduced NO bioavailability. In addition to NO, neuronal NOS (nNOS) produces H2O2, which contributes to vasodilation. However, there is limited information regarding vascular β-AR signaling and nNOS. In the present study, we assessed the possible role of nNOS-derived H2O2 and caveolins on endothelial vasodilation function following β-AR overstimulation. MAIN METHODS Male C57BL/6 wild-type and nNOS knockout mice (nNOS-/-) were treated with the β-AR agonist isoproterenol (ISO, 15 mg·kg-1·day-1, s.c.) or vehicle (VHE) for seven days. Relaxation responses of aortic rings were evaluated using wire myograph and H2O2 by Amplex Red. KEY FINDINGS Acetylcholine- or calcium ionophore A23187-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation was similar in aortic rings from VHE and ISO. However, this relaxation was significantly reduced in aortas from ISO compared to VHE when (1) caveolae were disrupted, (2) nNOS was pharmacologically inhibited or genetically suppressed and (3) H2O2 was scavenged. NOS-derived H2O2 production was higher in the aortas of ISO mice than in those of VHE mice. Aortas from ISO-treated mice showed increased expression of caveolin-1, nNOS and catalase, while caveolin-3 expression did not change. SIGNIFICANCE The results suggest a role of caveolin-1 and the nNOS/H2O2 vasodilatory pathway in endothelium-dependent relaxation following β-AR overstimulation and reinforce the protective role of nNOS in cardiovascular diseases associated with high adrenergic tone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ângelo Bernak-Oliveira
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), University of Sao Paulo (USP), Brazil
| | - Daniele M Guizoni
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology (IB), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvana Chiavegatto
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), University of Sao Paulo (USP), Brazil; Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry (IPq), University of Sao Paulo Medical School (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana P Davel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology (IB), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Luciana V Rossoni
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), University of Sao Paulo (USP), Brazil.
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Victorio JA, Guizoni DM, Freitas IN, Araujo TR, Davel AP. Effects of High-Fat and High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet-Induced Obesity on PVAT Modulation of Vascular Function in Male and Female Mice. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:720224. [PMID: 34566644 PMCID: PMC8460896 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.720224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased adiposity in perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) has been related to vascular dysfunction. High-fat (HF) diet-induced obesity models are often used to analyze the translational impact of obesity, but differences in sex and Western diet type complicate comparisons between studies. The role of PVAT was investigated in small mesenteric arteries (SMAs) of male and female mice fed a HF or a HF plus high-sucrose (HF + HS) diet for 3 or 5 months and compared them to age/sex-matched mice fed a chow diet. Vascular responses of SMAs without (PVAT-) or with PVAT (PVAT+) were evaluated. HF and HF + HS diets increased body weight, adiposity, and fasting glucose and insulin levels without affecting blood pressure and circulating adiponectin levels in both sexes. HF or HF + HS diet impaired PVAT anticontractile effects in SMAs from females but not males. PVAT-mediated endothelial dysfunction in SMAs from female mice after 3 months of a HF + HS diet, whereas in males, this effect was observed only after 5 months of HF + HS diet. However, PVAT did not impact acetylcholine-induced relaxation in SMAs from both sexes fed HF diet. The findings suggest that the addition of sucrose to a HF diet accelerates PVAT dysfunction in both sexes. PVAT dysfunction in response to both diets was observed early in females compared to age-matched males suggesting a susceptibility of the female sex to PVAT-mediated vascular complications in the setting of obesity. The data illustrate the importance of the duration and composition of obesogenic diets for investigating sex-specific treatments and pharmacological targets for obesity-induced vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamaira A Victorio
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Daniele M Guizoni
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Israelle N Freitas
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Thiago R Araujo
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center-OCRC, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ana P Davel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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Guizoni DM, Freitas IN, Victorio JA, Possebom IR, Araujo TR, Carneiro EM, Davel AP. Taurine treatment reverses protein malnutrition-induced endothelial dysfunction of the pancreatic vasculature: The role of hydrogen sulfide. Metabolism 2021; 116:154701. [PMID: 33417894 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein malnutrition in childhood predisposes individuals to vascular and pancreatic endocrine dysfunction, thus increasing the risk of diabetes and hypertension. Because taurine may reduce cardiometabolic risk, we hypothesized that taurine treatment has a beneficial effect on the pancreatic vasculature during protein restriction. METHODS AND RESULTS Weaned mice were fed a normal or a low-protein diet and were treated with or without taurine for 3 months. The lieno-pancreatic artery (LPA) from low-protein diet-treated mice exhibited impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation to acetylcholine that was associated with decreased endothelium-derived hyperpolarization (EDH), hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production, and H2S-synthesizing CBS expression and impaired vasorelaxation to an H2S-donor, NaHS. These changes were prevented by taurine treatment. We compared the effects of taurine with the effects of the direct vasodilator hydralazine and found that both normalized blood pressure and the endothelial vasodilator function of the LPA in the mice fed a protein-restricted diet. However, only taurine restored the CBS expression in the LPA and insulin secretion in response to high glucose. The LPA supplies the pancreas and shares morphometry with the mesenteric resistance artery (MRA). However, in the MRA, low-protein diet-induced endothelial dysfunction is driven by impaired NOS-derived NO with no changes in H2S signaling. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that taurine protects against protein malnutrition-induced endothelial dysfunction in the LPA by upregulating the CBS-H2S pathway. Considering the importance of the pancreatic vasculature for endocrine islet activity, taurine may be a potential therapy for the vascular and metabolic dysfunction associated with malnutrition and comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele M Guizoni
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Israelle N Freitas
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Jamaira A Victorio
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabela R Possebom
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Thiago R Araujo
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center-OCRC, Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Everardo M Carneiro
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center-OCRC, Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana P Davel
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Victorio JA, Davel AP. Perivascular Adipose Tissue Oxidative Stress on the Pathophysiology of Cardiometabolic Diseases. Curr Hypertens Rev 2021; 16:192-200. [PMID: 30968777 DOI: 10.2174/1573402115666190410153634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Most of the systemic blood vessels are surrounded by the perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT). Healthy PVAT is anticontractile and anti-inflammatory, but a dysfunctional PVAT has been suggested to link cardiometabolic risk factors to vascular dysfunction. Vascular oxidative stress is an important pathophysiological event in cardiometabolic complications of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. PVAT-derived adipocytes generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) including superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide that might signal to the vascular wall. Therefore, an abnormal generation of ROS by PVAT emerges as a potential pathophysiological mechanism underlying vascular injury. This review summarizes new findings describing ROS production in the PVAT of several vascular beds, major sources of ROS in this tissue including mitochondria, NADPH oxidase and eNOS uncoupled, and finally, changes in ROS production affecting vascular function in the presence of cardiometabolic risk factors and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamaira A Victorio
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas-SP, Brazil
| | - Ana P Davel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas-SP, Brazil
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6
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Davel AP. Perivascular Adipose Tissue Oxidative Stress on the Pathophysiology of Cardiometabolic Diseases. Curr Hypertens Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/15734021otc5koti1tcvy] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Victorio JA, da Costa RM, Tostes RC, Davel AP. Modulation of Vascular Function by Perivascular Adipose Tissue: Sex Differences. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:3768-3777. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200701211912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In addition to the endothelium, the perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) has been described to be involved
in the local modulation of vascular function by synthetizing and releasing vasoactive factors. Under
physiological conditions, PVAT has anticontractile and anti-inflammatory effects. However, in the context of
hypertension, obesity and type 2 diabetes, the PVAT pattern of anticontractile adipokines is altered, favoring
oxidative stress, inflammation and, consequently, vascular dysfunction. Therefore, dysfunctional PVAT has become
a target for therapeutic intervention in cardiometabolic diseases. An increasing number of studies have
revealed sex differences in PVAT morphology and in the modulatory effects of PVAT on endothelial function
and vascular tone. Moreover, distinct mechanisms underlying PVAT dysfunction may account for vascular abnormalities
in males and females. Therefore, targeting sex-specific mechanisms of PVAT dysfunction in cardiovascular
diseases is an evolving strategy for cardiovascular protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamaira A. Victorio
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas-SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael M. da Costa
- Special Academic Unit of Health Sciences, Federal University of Goias-Jatai, Jatai-GO, Brazil
| | - Rita C. Tostes
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Ana P. Davel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas-SP, Brazil
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Lu Q, Davel AP, McGraw AP, Rao SP, Newfell BG, Jaffe IZ. PKCδ Mediates Mineralocorticoid Receptor Activation by Angiotensin II to Modulate Smooth Muscle Cell Function. Endocrinology 2019; 160:2101-2114. [PMID: 31373631 PMCID: PMC6735772 DOI: 10.1210/en.2019-00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin II (AngII) and the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) ligand aldosterone both contribute to cardiovascular disorders, including hypertension and adverse vascular remodeling. We previously demonstrated that AngII activates MR-mediated gene transcription in human vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs), yet the mechanism and the impact on SMC function are unknown. Using an MR-responsive element-driven transcriptional reporter assay, we confirm that AngII induces MR transcriptional activity in vascular SMCs and endothelial cells, but not in Cos1 or human embryonic kidney-293 cells. AngII activation of MR was blocked by the MR antagonist spironolactone or eplerenone and the protein kinase C-δ (PKCδ) inhibitor rottlerin, implicating both in the mechanism. Similarly, small interfering RNA knockdown of PKCδ in SMCs prevented AngII-mediated MR activation, whereas knocking down of MR blocked both aldosterone- and AngII-induced MR function. Coimmunoprecipitation studies reveal that endogenous MR and PKCδ form a complex in SMCs that is enhanced by AngII treatment in association with increased serine phosphorylation of the MR N terminus. AngII increased mRNA expression of the SMC-MR target gene, FKBP51, via an MR-responsive element in intron 5 of the FKBP51 gene. The impact of AngII on FKBP51 reporter activity and gene expression in SMCs was inhibited by spironolactone and rottlerin. Finally, the AngII-induced increase in SMC number was also blocked by the MR antagonist spironolactone and the PKCδ inhibitor rottlerin. These data demonstrate that AngII activates MR transcriptional regulatory activity, target gene regulation, and SMC proliferation in a PKCδ-dependent manner. This new mechanism may contribute to synergy between MR and AngII in driving SMC dysfunction and to the cardiovascular benefits of MR and AngII receptor blockade in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lu
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ana P Davel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adam P McGraw
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sitara P Rao
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brenna G Newfell
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Iris Z Jaffe
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Correspondence: Iris Z. Jaffe, MD, PhD, Tufts Medical Center, Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, 800 Washington Street, Box 80, Boston, Massachusetts 02111. E-mail:
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Baltieri N, Guizoni DM, Victorio JA, Davel AP. Protective Role of Perivascular Adipose Tissue in Endothelial Dysfunction and Insulin-Induced Vasodilatation of Hypercholesterolemic LDL Receptor-Deficient Mice. Front Physiol 2018; 9:229. [PMID: 29615924 PMCID: PMC5868473 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Endothelial dysfunction plays a pivotal role in the initiation of atherosclerosis. Vascular insulin resistance might contribute to a reduction in endothelial nitric oxide (NO) production, leading to impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation in cardiometabolic diseases. Because perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) controls endothelial function and NO bioavailability, we hypothesized a role for this fat deposit in the vascular complications associated with the initial stages of atherosclerosis. Therefore, we investigated the potential involvement of PVAT in the early endothelial dysfunction in hypercholesterolemic LDL receptor knockout mice (LDLr-KO). Methods: Thoracic aortas with and without PVAT were isolated from 4-month-old C57BL/6J (WT) and LDLr-KO mice. The contribution of PVAT to relaxation responses to acetylcholine, insulin, and sodium nitroprusside was investigated. Western blotting was used to examine endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and adiponectin expression, as well the insulin signaling pathway in aortic PVAT. Results: PVAT-free aortas of LDLr-KO mice exhibited impaired acetylcholine- and insulin-induced relaxation compared with those of WT mice. Both vasodilatory responses were restored by the presence of PVAT in LDLr-KO mice, associated with enhanced acetylcholine-induced NO levels. PVAT did not change vasodilatory responses to acetylcholine and insulin in WT mice, while vascular relaxation evoked by the NO donor sodium nitroprusside was not modified by either genotype or PVAT. The expression of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), AKT, ERK1/2, phosphorylation of AKT (Ser473) and ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204), and adiponectin was similar in the PVAT of WT and LDLr-KO mice, suggesting no changes in PVAT insulin signaling. However, eNOS expression was enhanced in the PVAT of LDLr-KO mice, while eNOS expression was less abundant in PVAT-free aortas. Conclusion: These results suggest that elevated eNOS-derived NO production in aortic PVAT might be a compensatory mechanism for the endothelial dysfunction and impaired vasodilator action of insulin in hypercholesterolemic LDLr-deficient mice. This protective effect may limit the progression of atherosclerosis in genetic hypercholesterolemia in the absence of an atherogenic diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natali Baltieri
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Daniele M Guizoni
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Jamaira A Victorio
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ana P Davel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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Davel AP, Lu Q, Moss ME, Rao S, Anwar IJ, DuPont JJ, Jaffe IZ. Sex-Specific Mechanisms of Resistance Vessel Endothelial Dysfunction Induced by Cardiometabolic Risk Factors. J Am Heart Assoc 2018; 7:JAHA.117.007675. [PMID: 29453308 PMCID: PMC5850194 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.007675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background The incidence of obesity is rising, particularly among women. Microvascular dysfunction is more common with female sex, obesity, and hyperlipidemia and predicts adverse cardiovascular outcomes, but the molecular mechanisms are unclear. Because obesity is associated with mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation, we tested the hypothesis that MR in endothelial cells contribute to sex differences in resistance vessel dysfunction in response to cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods and Results Male and female endothelial cell–specific MR knockout mice and MR‐intact littermates were randomized to high‐fat‐diet–induced obesity or obesity with hyperlipidemia induced by adeno‐associated virus–based vector targeting transfer of the mutant stable form (DY mutation) of the human PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) gene and compared with control diet. Female but not male mice were sensitive to obesity‐induced endothelial dysfunction, whereas endothelial function was impaired in obese hyperlipidemic males and females. In males, obesity or hyperlipidemia decreased the nitric oxide component of vasodilation without altering superoxide production or endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression or phosphorylation. Decreased nitric oxide content in obese males was overcome by enhanced endothelium‐derived hyperpolarization–mediated relaxation along with increased SK3 expression. Conversely, in females, endothelium‐derived hyperpolarization was significantly impaired by obesity with lower IK1 expression and by hyperlipidemia with lower IK1 and SK3 expression, loss of H2O2‐mediated vasodilation, and increased superoxide production. Endothelial cell–MR deletion prevented endothelial dysfunction induced by risk factors only in females. Rather than restoring endothelium‐derived hyperpolarization in females, endothelial cell–MR deletion enhanced nitric oxide and prevented hyperlipidemia‐induced oxidative stress. Conclusions These data reveal distinct mechanisms driving resistance vessel dysfunction in males versus females and suggest that personalized treatments are needed to prevent the progression of vascular disease in the setting of obesity, depending on both the sex and the metabolic profile of each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Davel
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA.,Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Qing Lu
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - M Elizabeth Moss
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Sitara Rao
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Imran J Anwar
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Jennifer J DuPont
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Iris Z Jaffe
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
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Araujo HN, Victório JA, Valgas da Silva CP, Sponton ACS, Vettorazzi JF, de Moraes C, Davel AP, Zanesco A, Delbin MA. Anti-contractile effects of perivascular adipose tissue in thoracic aorta from rats fed a high-fat diet: role of aerobic exercise training. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2017; 45:293-302. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hygor N. Araujo
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Jamaira A. Victório
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Carmem P. Valgas da Silva
- Department of Physical Education; Institute of Biosciences; São Paulo State University (UNESP); Rio Claro SP Brazil
| | - Amanda C. S. Sponton
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Jean F. Vettorazzi
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center; Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Camila de Moraes
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo (USP); RibeirãoPreto SP Brazil
| | - Ana P. Davel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Campinas SP Brazil
| | | | - Maria A. Delbin
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Campinas SP Brazil
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da Silva Franco N, Lubaczeuski C, Guizoni DM, Victorio JA, Santos-Silva JC, Brum PC, Carneiro EM, Davel AP. Propranolol treatment lowers blood pressure, reduces vascular inflammatory markers and improves endothelial function in obese mice. Pharmacol Res 2017; 122:35-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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13
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Santos L, Davel AP, Almeida TIR, Almeida MR, Soares EA, Fernandes GJM, Magalhães SF, Barauna VG, Garcia JAD. Soy milk versus simvastatin for preventing atherosclerosis and left ventricle remodeling in LDL receptor knockout mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 50:e5854. [PMID: 28225891 PMCID: PMC5333721 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20165854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Functional food intake has been highlighted as a strategy for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases by reducing risk factors. In this study, we compared the effects of oral treatment with soy milk and simvastatin on dyslipidemia, left ventricle remodeling and atherosclerotic lesion of LDL receptor knockout mice (LDLr-/-) fed a hyperlipidic diet. Forty 3-month old male LDLr-/- mice were distributed into four groups: control group (C), in which animals received standard diet; HL group, in which animals were fed a hyperlipidic diet; HL+SM or HL+S groups, in which animals were submitted to a hyperlipidic diet plus soy milk or simvastatin, respectively. After 60 days, both soy milk and simvastatin treatment prevented dyslipidemia, atherosclerotic lesion progression and left ventricle hypertrophy in LDLr-/- mice. These beneficial effects of soy milk and simvastatin were associated with reduced oxidative stress and inflammatory state in the heart and aorta caused by the hyperlipidic diet. Treatment with soy milk was more effective in preventing HDLc reduction and triacylglycerol and VLDLc increase. On the other hand, simvastatin was more effective in preventing an increase in total cholesterol, LDLc and superoxide production in aorta, as well as CD40L both in aorta and left ventricle of LDLr-/-. In conclusion, our results suggest a cardioprotective effect of soy milk in LDLr-/- mice comparable to the well-known effects of simvastatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Santos
- Unidade Acadêmica de Serra Talhada, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Serra Talhada, PE, Brasil.,Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - A P Davel
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - T I R Almeida
- Instituto Federal do Sul de Minas, Muzambinho, MG, Brasil
| | - M R Almeida
- Instituto Federal do Sul de Minas, Muzambinho, MG, Brasil
| | - E A Soares
- Departamento de Anatomia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Alfenas, MG, Brasil
| | - G J M Fernandes
- Departamento de Anatomia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Alfenas, MG, Brasil
| | - S F Magalhães
- Departmento de Biomedicina, Universidade José do Rosário Vellano, Alfenas, MG, Brasil
| | - V G Barauna
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brasil
| | - J A D Garcia
- Departmento de Tecnologia, Ciência e Educação, Instituto Federal do Sul de Minas, Machado, MG, Brasil.,Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade José do Rosário Vellano, Alfenas, MG, Brasil
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14
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DuPont JJ, McCurley A, Davel AP, McCarthy J, Bender SB, Hong K, Yang Y, Yoo JK, Aronovitz M, Baur WE, Christou DD, Hill MA, Jaffe IZ. Vascular mineralocorticoid receptor regulates microRNA-155 to promote vasoconstriction and rising blood pressure with aging. JCI Insight 2016; 1:e88942. [PMID: 27683672 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.88942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is nearly universal yet poorly controlled in the elderly despite proven benefits of intensive treatment. Mice lacking mineralocorticoid receptors in smooth muscle cells (SMC-MR-KO) are protected from rising blood pressure (BP) with aging, despite normal renal function. Vasoconstriction is attenuated in aged SMC-MR-KO mice, thus they were used to explore vascular mechanisms that may contribute to hypertension with aging. MicroRNA (miR) profiling identified miR-155 as the most down-regulated miR with vascular aging in MR-intact but not SMC-MR-KO mice. The aging-associated decrease in miR-155 in mesenteric resistance vessels was associated with increased mRNA abundance of MR and of predicted miR-155 targets Cav1.2 (L-type calcium channel (LTCC) subunit) and angiotensin type-1 receptor (AgtR1). SMC-MR-KO mice lacked these aging-associated vascular gene expression changes. In HEK293 cells, MR repressed miR-155 promoter activity. In cultured SMCs, miR-155 decreased Cav1.2 and AgtR1 mRNA. Compared to MR-intact littermates, aged SMC-MR-KO mice had decreased systolic BP, myogenic tone, SMC LTCC current, mesenteric vessel calcium influx, LTCC-induced vasoconstriction and angiotensin II-induced vasoconstriction and oxidative stress. Restoration of miR-155 specifically in SMCs of aged MR-intact mice decreased Cav1.2 and AgtR1 mRNA and attenuated LTCC-mediated and angiotensin II-induced vasoconstriction and oxidative stress. Finally, in a trial of MR blockade in elderly humans, changes in serum miR-155 predicted the BP treatment response. Thus, SMC-MR regulation of miR-155, Cav1.2 and AgtR1 impacts vasoconstriction with aging. This novel mechanism identifies potential new treatment strategies and biomarkers to improve and individualize antihypertensive therapy in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer J DuPont
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amy McCurley
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ana P Davel
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joseph McCarthy
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shawn B Bender
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.,Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Kwangseok Hong
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.,Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Yan Yang
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Jeung-Ki Yoo
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Mark Aronovitz
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wendy E Baur
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Demetra D Christou
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Michael A Hill
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.,Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Iris Z Jaffe
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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15
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Guizoni DM, Dorighello GG, Oliveira HCF, Delbin MA, Krieger MH, Davel AP. Aerobic exercise training protects against endothelial dysfunction by increasing nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide production in LDL receptor-deficient mice. J Transl Med 2016; 14:213. [PMID: 27435231 PMCID: PMC4950099 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0972-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial dysfunction associated with hypercholesterolemia is an early event in atherosclerosis characterized by redox imbalance associated with high superoxide production and reduced nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production. Aerobic exercise training (AET) has been demonstrated to ameliorate atherosclerotic lesions and oxidative stress in advanced atherosclerosis. However, whether AET protects against the early mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction in familial hypercholesterolemia remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of AET on endothelial dysfunction and vascular redox status in the aortas of LDL receptor knockout mice (LDLr(-/-)), a genetic model of familial hypercholesterolemia. METHODS Twelve-week-old C57BL/6J (WT) and LDLr(-/-) mice were divided into sedentary and exercised (AET on a treadmill 1 h/5 × per week) groups for 4 weeks. Changes in lipid profiles, endothelial function, and aortic NO, H2O2 and superoxide production were examined. RESULTS Total cholesterol and triglycerides were increased in sedentary and exercised LDLr(-/-) mice. Endothelium-dependent relaxation induced by acetylcholine was impaired in aortas of sedentary LDLr(-/-) mice but not in the exercised group. Inhibition of NO synthase (NOS) activity or H2O2 decomposition by catalase abolished the differences in the acetylcholine response between the animals. No changes were noted in the relaxation response induced by NO donor sodium nitroprusside or H2O2. Neuronal NOS expression and endothelial NOS phosphorylation (Ser1177), as well as NO and H2O2 production, were reduced in aortas of sedentary LDLr(-/-) mice and restored by AET. Incubation with apocynin increased acetylcholine-induced relaxation in sedentary, but not exercised LDLr(-/-) mice, suggesting a minor participation of NADPH oxidase in the endothelium-dependent relaxation after AET. Consistent with these findings, Nox2 expression and superoxide production were reduced in the aortas of exercised compared to sedentary LDLr(-/-) mice. Furthermore, the aortas of sedentary LDLr(-/-) mice showed reduced expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoforms and minor participation of Cu/Zn-dependent SODs in acetylcholine-induced, endothelium-dependent relaxation, abnormalities that were partially attenuated in exercised LDLr(-/-) mice. CONCLUSION The data gathered by this study suggest AET as a potential non-pharmacological therapy in the prevention of very early endothelial dysfunction and redox imbalance in familial hypercholesterolemia via increases in NO bioavailability and H2O2 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele M Guizoni
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6109, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel G Dorighello
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6109, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helena C F Oliveira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6109, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria A Delbin
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6109, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marta H Krieger
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6109, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana P Davel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6109, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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16
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Victorio JA, Clerici SP, Palacios R, Alonso MJ, Vassallo DV, Jaffe IZ, Rossoni LV, Davel AP. Spironolactone Prevents Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Uncoupling and Vascular Dysfunction Induced by β-Adrenergic Overstimulation: Role of Perivascular Adipose Tissue. Hypertension 2016; 68:726-35. [PMID: 27432866 PMCID: PMC4978608 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.116.07911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Sustained stimulation of β-adrenoceptors (β-ARs) and activation of renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system are common features of cardiovascular diseases with rising sympathetic activation, including essential hypertension, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. In this study, we investigated the role of AT1 receptor and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in the vascular alterations caused by β-AR overstimulation. β-AR overstimulation with associated cardiac hypertrophy and increased vasoconstrictor response to phenylephrine in aorta were modeled in rats by 7-day isoproterenol treatment. The increased vasoconstrictor response to phenylephrine in this model was blunted by the MR antagonist spironolactone, but not by the AT1 receptor antagonist losartan, despite the blunting of cardiac hypertrophy with both drugs. Spironolactone, but not losartan, restored NO bioavailability in association with lower endothelial nitric oxide synthase–derived superoxide production, increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase dimerization, and aortic HSP90 upregulation. MR genomic and nongenomic functions were activated in aortas from isoproterenol-treated rats. Isoproterenol did not modify plasma levels of MR ligands aldosterone and corticosterone but rather increased perivascular adipose tissue–derived corticosterone in association with increased expression of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1. The anticontractile effect of aortic perivascular adipose tissue was impaired by β-AR overstimulation and restored by MR blockade. These results suggest that activation of vascular MR signaling contributes to the vascular dysfunction induced by β-AR overstimulation associated with endothelial nitric oxide synthase uncoupling. These findings reveal an additional explanation for the protective effects of MR antagonists in cardiovascular disorders with sympathetic activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamaira A Victorio
- From the Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Brazil (J.A.V., S.P.C., A.P.D.); Department of Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain (R.P., M.J.A.); Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Espírito Santo, Brazil (D.V.V.); Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA (I.Z.J.); and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil (L.V.R.)
| | - Stefano P Clerici
- From the Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Brazil (J.A.V., S.P.C., A.P.D.); Department of Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain (R.P., M.J.A.); Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Espírito Santo, Brazil (D.V.V.); Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA (I.Z.J.); and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil (L.V.R.)
| | - Roberto Palacios
- From the Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Brazil (J.A.V., S.P.C., A.P.D.); Department of Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain (R.P., M.J.A.); Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Espírito Santo, Brazil (D.V.V.); Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA (I.Z.J.); and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil (L.V.R.)
| | - María J Alonso
- From the Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Brazil (J.A.V., S.P.C., A.P.D.); Department of Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain (R.P., M.J.A.); Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Espírito Santo, Brazil (D.V.V.); Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA (I.Z.J.); and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil (L.V.R.)
| | - Dalton V Vassallo
- From the Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Brazil (J.A.V., S.P.C., A.P.D.); Department of Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain (R.P., M.J.A.); Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Espírito Santo, Brazil (D.V.V.); Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA (I.Z.J.); and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil (L.V.R.)
| | - Iris Z Jaffe
- From the Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Brazil (J.A.V., S.P.C., A.P.D.); Department of Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain (R.P., M.J.A.); Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Espírito Santo, Brazil (D.V.V.); Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA (I.Z.J.); and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil (L.V.R.)
| | - Luciana V Rossoni
- From the Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Brazil (J.A.V., S.P.C., A.P.D.); Department of Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain (R.P., M.J.A.); Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Espírito Santo, Brazil (D.V.V.); Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA (I.Z.J.); and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil (L.V.R.)
| | - Ana P Davel
- From the Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Brazil (J.A.V., S.P.C., A.P.D.); Department of Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain (R.P., M.J.A.); Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Espírito Santo, Brazil (D.V.V.); Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA (I.Z.J.); and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil (L.V.R.).
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17
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Victorio JA, Fontes MT, Rossoni LV, Davel AP. Different Anti-Contractile Function and Nitric Oxide Production of Thoracic and Abdominal Perivascular Adipose Tissues. Front Physiol 2016; 7:295. [PMID: 27462277 PMCID: PMC4940415 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Divergent phenotypes between the perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) surrounding the abdominal and the thoracic aorta might be implicated in regional aortic differences, such as susceptibility to atherosclerosis. Although PVAT of the thoracic aorta exhibits anti-contractile function, the role of PVAT in the regulation of the vascular tone of the abdominal aorta is not well defined. In the present study, we compared the anti-contractile function, nitric oxide (NO) availability, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation in PVAT and vessel walls of abdominal and thoracic aorta. Abdominal and thoracic aortic tissue from male Wistar rats were used to perform functional and molecular experiments. PVAT reduced the contraction evoked by phenylephrine in the absence and presence of endothelium in the thoracic aorta, whereas this anti-contractile effect was not observed in the abdominal aorta. Abdominal PVAT exhibited a reduction in endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) expression compared with thoracic PVAT, without differences in eNOS expression in the vessel walls. In agreement with this result, NO production evaluated in situ using 4,5-diaminofluorescein was less pronounced in abdominal compared with thoracic aortic PVAT, whereas no significant difference was observed for endothelial NO production. Moreover, NOS inhibition with L-NAME enhanced the phenylephrine-induced contraction in endothelial-denuded rings with PVAT from thoracic but not abdominal aorta. ROS formation and lipid peroxidation products evaluated through the quantification of hydroethidine fluorescence and 4-hydroxynonenal adducts, respectively, were similar between PVAT and vessel walls from the abdominal and thoracic aorta. Extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD) expression was similar between the vessel walls and PVAT of the abdominal and thoracic aorta. However, Mn-SOD levels were reduced, while CuZn-SOD levels were increased in abdominal PVAT compared with thoracic aortic PVAT. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the anti-contractile function of PVAT is lost in the abdominal portion of the aorta through a reduction in eNOS-derived NO production compared with the thoracic aorta. Although relative SOD isoforms are different along the aorta, ROS formation, and lipid peroxidation seem to be similar. These findings highlight the specific regional roles of PVAT depots in the control of vascular function that can drive differences in susceptibility to vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamaira A Victorio
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas Campinas, Brazil
| | - Milene T Fontes
- Vascular Physiology Lab, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana V Rossoni
- Vascular Physiology Lab, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana P Davel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas Campinas, Brazil
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18
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Clerici SP, Victorio JA, Santos-Silva JC, Bessa KL, Ferrucci DL, Carvalho HF, Rossoni LV, Davel AP. Abstract 540: Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonism Prevents The Aortic Dilatation And Extracellular Matrix Degradation Induced By Beta-adrenoceptor Overactivation. Hypertension 2014. [DOI: 10.1161/hyp.64.suppl_1.540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chronic stimulation of β-adrenoceptor (β-AR) and activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system are common feature of cardiovascular diseases as heart failure and hypertension. β-AR overactivation induces cardiac remodeling, which contribute to cardiac dysfunction. However, it is unknown whether it alters arterial structure. Here, we demonstrated that β-AR overactivation induced by isoproterenol (ISO) treatment in Wistar rats (0.3 mg/kg/day, for 7 days) compared to control group (vs. CT, *p<0.05) increased thoracic aortic lumen area (CT: 1.8±0.06 vs. ISO: 2.3±0.08* mm2) and internal diameter (ID) (CT: 1.63±0.28 vs. ISO: 1.77±0.08* mm), without changes on wall thickness (wt). ISO caused disorganization and rupture of elastin fibers (Score; CT: 1.53±0.07 vs. ISO: 2.52±0.27*) and reduced aortic collagen deposition measured by picrosiuris red (CT: 56±3 vs. ISO: 32±2* A.U./vessel area). These alterations induced by ISO were associated with increased phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (p-ERK/ ERK; CT: 0.75±0.07 vs. ISO: 0.95±0.05* A.U.); increased matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 activity evaluated by zymography (CT: 4.0±0.9 vs. ISO: 10.8±1.2* A.U.); and reduced protein expression of TIMP-2 (CT: 0.95 ±0.07 vs. ISO: 0.48±0.08* A.U.) and collagen I/III (CT: 0.9±0.08 vs. ISO: 0.6±0.06* A.U.). ISO treatment did not change mean arterial pressure (MAP); however, it increased the mechanical forces circumferential wall tension (CWT= MAPxID/2; CT: 10.1±0.35 vs. ISO: 11.6±0.35* 103dyn/cm) and tensile stress (TS=CWT/wt; CT: 102±6 vs. ISO: 121±6* 104dyn/cm2) on aorta. The co-treatment with spironolactone (SPI, 200 mg/kg/day), a mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonist prevented the ISO-induced aortic structural changes, MMP-2 and ERK1/2 activation, as well as the reductions on collagen and TIMP-2 expression. However, SPI did not modify MAP, CWS or TS. The results suggest that β-AR overactivation induces an aneurysm-like thoracic aortic remodeling characterized by vessel dilatation and extracellular matrix degradation, associated with MMP-2 and ERK1/2 activation. This remodeling and signaling were prevented by MR antagonist, independently of changes on aortic wall tension and tensile stress.
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Maia AR, Batista TM, Victorio JA, Clerici SP, Delbin MA, Carneiro EM, Davel AP. Taurine supplementation reduces blood pressure and prevents endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in post-weaning protein-restricted rats. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105851. [PMID: 25170895 PMCID: PMC4149434 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Taurine is a sulfur-containing amino acid that exerts protective effects on vascular function and structure in several models of cardiovascular diseases through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Early protein malnutrition reprograms the cardiovascular system and is linked to hypertension in adulthood. This study assessed the effects of taurine supplementation in vascular alterations induced by protein restriction in post-weaning rats. METHODS AND RESULTS Weaned male Wistar rats were fed normal- (12%, NP) or low-protein (6%, LP) diets for 90 days. Half of the NP and LP rats concomitantly received 2.5% taurine supplementation in the drinking water (NPT and LPT, respectively). LP rats showed elevated systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure versus NP rats; taurine supplementation partially prevented this increase. There was a reduced relaxation response to acetylcholine in isolated thoracic aortic rings from the LP group that was reversed by superoxide dismutase (SOD) or apocynin incubation. Protein expression of p47phox NADPH oxidase subunit was enhanced, whereas extracellular (EC)-SOD and endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation at Ser 1177 (p-eNOS) were reduced in aortas from LP rats. Furthermore, ROS production was enhanced while acetylcholine-induced NO release was reduced in aortas from the LP group. Taurine supplementation improved the relaxation response to acetylcholine and eNOS-derived NO production, increased EC-SOD and p-eNOS protein expression, as well as reduced ROS generation and p47phox expression in the aortas from LPT rats. LP rats showed an increased aortic wall/lumen ratio and taurine prevented this remodeling through a reduction in wall media thickness. CONCLUSION Our data indicate a protective role of taurine supplementation on the high blood pressure, endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling induced by post-weaning protein restriction. The beneficial vascular effect of taurine was associated with restoration of vascular redox homeostasis and improvement of NO bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline R Maia
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago M Batista
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jamaira A Victorio
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Stefano P Clerici
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria A Delbin
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Everardo M Carneiro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana P Davel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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20
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Couto GK, Davel AP, Brum PC, Rossoni LV. Double disruption of α2A- and α2C-adrenoceptors induces endothelial dysfunction in mouse small arteries: role of nitric oxide synthase uncoupling. Exp Physiol 2014; 99:1427-38. [DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.2014.079236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gisele K. Couto
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics; Institute of Biomedical Sciences; University of São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Ana P. Davel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; State University of Campinas; Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Patrícia C. Brum
- School of Physical Education and Sport; University of São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Luciana V. Rossoni
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics; Institute of Biomedical Sciences; University of São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
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21
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Davel AP, Brum PC, Rossoni LV. Isoproterenol induces vascular oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction via a Giα-coupled β2-adrenoceptor signaling pathway. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91877. [PMID: 24622771 PMCID: PMC3951496 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sustained β-adrenergic stimulation is a hallmark of sympathetic hyperactivity in cardiovascular diseases. It is associated with oxidative stress and altered vasoconstrictor tone. This study investigated the β-adrenoceptor subtype and the signaling pathways implicated in the vascular effects of β-adrenoceptor overactivation. METHODS AND RESULTS Mice lacking the β1- or β2-adrenoceptor subtype (β1KO, β2KO) and wild-type (WT) were treated with isoproterenol (ISO, 15 μg.g(-1) x day(-1), 7 days). ISO significantly enhanced the maximal vasoconstrictor response (Emax) of the aorta to phenylephrine in WT (+34%) and β1KO mice (+35%) but not in β2KO mice. The nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor L-NAME abolished the differences in phenylephrine response between the groups, suggesting that ISO impaired basal NO availability in the aorta of WT and β1KO mice. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), pertussis toxin (PTx) or PD 98,059 (p-ERK 1/2 inhibitor) incubation reversed the hypercontractility of aortic rings from ISO-treated WT mice; aortic contraction of ISO-treated β2KO mice was not altered. Immunoblotting revealed increased aortic expression of Giα-3 protein (+50%) and phosphorylated ERK1/2 (+90%) and decreased eNOS dimer/monomer ratio in ISO-treated WT mice. ISO enhanced the fluorescence response to dihydroethidium (+100%) in aortas from WT mice, indicating oxidative stress that was normalized by SOD, PTx and L-NAME. The ISO effects were abolished in β2KO mice. CONCLUSIONS The β2-adrenoceptor/Giα signaling pathway is implicated in the enhanced vasoconstrictor response and eNOS uncoupling-mediated oxidative stress due to ISO treatment. Thus, long-term β2-AR activation might results in endothelial dysfunction.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta/drug effects
- Aorta/metabolism
- Aorta/physiology
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Gene Knockout Techniques
- Isoproterenol/pharmacology
- Male
- Mice
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1/metabolism
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3/metabolism
- Nitric Oxide/metabolism
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/chemistry
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Phenylephrine/pharmacology
- Phosphorylation/drug effects
- Protein Multimerization/drug effects
- Protein Structure, Quaternary
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2/deficiency
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2/genetics
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Vasoconstriction/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P. Davel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Patricia C. Brum
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana V. Rossoni
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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22
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Zanesco A, Silva CV, Delbin MA, La Guardia PG, Davel AP, Priviero FB. Interactions between L‐arginine supplementation and physical training in the mitochondrial biomarkers and nitric oxide bioavailability in rat skeletal muscle. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.920.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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23
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Davel AP, Ceravolo GS, Wenceslau CF, Carvalho MHC, Brum PC, Rossoni LV. Increased vascular contractility and oxidative stress in β₂-adrenoceptor knockout mice: the role of NADPH oxidase. J Vasc Res 2012; 49:342-52. [PMID: 22627472 DOI: 10.1159/000337486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS β(2)-adrenoceptor (β(2)-AR) activation induces smooth muscle relaxation and endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) release. However, whether endogenous basal β(2)-AR activity controls vascular redox status and NO bioavailability is unclear. Thus, we aimed to evaluate vascular reactivity in mice lacking functional β(2)-AR (β(2)KO), focusing on the role of NO and superoxide anion. METHODS AND RESULTS Isolated thoracic aortas from β(2)KO and wild-type mice (WT) were studied. β(2)KO aortas exhibited an enhanced contractile response to phenylephrine compared to WT. Endothelial removal and L-NAME incubation increased phenylephrine-induced contraction, abolishing the differences between β(2)KO and WT mice. Basal NO availability was reduced in aortas from β(2)KO mice. Incubation of β(2)KO aortas with superoxide dismutase or NADPH inhibitor apocynin restored the enhanced contractile response to phenylephrine to WT levels. β(2)KO aortas exhibited oxidative stress detected by enhanced dihydroethidium fluorescence, which was normalized by apocynin. Protein expression of eNOS was reduced, while p47(phox) expression was enhanced in β(2)KO aortas. CONCLUSIONS The present results demonstrate for the first time that enhanced NADPH-derived superoxide anion production is associated with reduced NO bioavailability in aortas of β(2)KO mice. This study extends the knowledge of the relevance of the endogenous activity of β(2)-AR to the maintenance of the vascular physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Davel
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
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24
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Davel AP, Wenceslau CF, Akamine EH, Xavier FE, Couto GK, Oliveira HT, Rossoni LV. Endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular and endocrine-metabolic diseases: an update. Braz J Med Biol Res 2011; 44:920-32. [PMID: 21956535 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2011007500104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2011] [Accepted: 08/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The endothelium plays a vital role in maintaining circulatory homeostasis by the release of relaxing and contracting factors. Any change in this balance may result in a process known as endothelial dysfunction that leads to impaired control of vascular tone and contributes to the pathogenesis of some cardiovascular and endocrine/metabolic diseases. Reduced endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and increased production of thromboxane A2, prostaglandin H2 and superoxide anion in conductance and resistance arteries are commonly associated with endothelial dysfunction in hypertensive, diabetic and obese animals, resulting in reduced endothelium-dependent vasodilatation and in increased vasoconstrictor responses. In addition, recent studies have demonstrated the role of enhanced overactivation of β-adrenergic receptors inducing vascular cytokine production and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) uncoupling that seem to be the mechanisms underlying endothelial dysfunction in hypertension, heart failure and in endocrine-metabolic disorders. However, some adaptive mechanisms can occur in the initial stages of hypertension, such as increased NO production by eNOS. The present review focuses on the role of NO bioavailability, eNOS uncoupling, cyclooxygenase-derived products and pro-inflammatory factors on the endothelial dysfunction that occurs in hypertension, sympathetic hyperactivity, diabetes mellitus, and obesity. These are cardiovascular and endocrine-metabolic diseases of high incidence and mortality around the world, especially in developing countries and endothelial dysfunction contributes to triggering, maintenance and worsening of these pathological situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Davel
- Departamento de Anatomia, Biologia Celular e Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, SP, Brasil
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25
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Santos L, Gonçalves GA, Santos AA, Davel AP, Krieger JE, Rossoni LV, Tucci PJ. Bone marrow cell therapy modulates remodeling of the myocardium remnant to experimental infarction in the rat: effects on the contractility and calcium handling proteins. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.110.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Santos
- Heart Institute
- Cardiac PhysiologyFederal University of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil
| | | | | | - Ana P. Davel
- Institute of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil
| | | | | | - Paulo J. Tucci
- Cardiac PhysiologyFederal University of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil
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26
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Zanesco A, de Moraes C, Davel AP, Rossoni LV, de Nucci G, Antunes E. Exercise training effects on vascular reactivity and metabolic parameters of high caloric-fed Wistar rats. BMC Pharmacol 2007. [DOI: 10.1186/1471-2210-7-s1-p67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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27
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Abstract
The diabetes mellitus insulin-dependent is usually associated with cardiovascular disorders and with changes in the activity of the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase. The effects of ouabain, a Na(+),K(+)-ATPase inhibitor, on the pressor response of 7-day streptozotocin-induced diabetes were investigated in anesthetized rats and on the vascular reactivity of the perfused rat tail vascular bed. Diabetes was characterized by hyperglycemia (86+/-7.8 vs. 471+/-18.5 mg/dl) without changes in arterial blood pressure. Blood pressure increased after the treatment with 18 microg/kg ouabain in controls but not in diabetic rats; acute hyperglycemia, in non-treated rats, did not change these effects. Control tail vascular beds showed increased maximal response to phenylephrine after treatment with 10 nM ouabain for 1 h; this response was abolished in streptozotocin-treated rats. These rats showed an increased sensitivity to phenylephrine without changing the maximal vasoconstrictor response when compared to control rats. The relaxation induced by acetylcholine was reduced in diabetic rats. The functional activity of the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase was inhibited in vascular beds from diabetic rats, when compared to control rats, and the inhibition of the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase with 10 nM ouabain was not effective in these rats. Results suggested that in 7-day diabetic rats, the increase of arterial blood pressure or the sensitization of the vascular bed produced by ouabain is lost as a consequence of the reduction of the functional activity of the Na(+), K(+)-ATPase probably as a result of insulin lack and a deficient endothelial nitric oxide activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Davel
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos 1468, 29040-095, ES, Vitoria, Brazil.
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