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Renzi M, Blašković A. Chemical fingerprint of plastic litter in sediments and holothurians from Croatia: Assessment & relation to different environmental factors. Mar Pollut Bull 2020; 153:110994. [PMID: 32275543 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.110994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This paper increases knowledge on litter transfer from sediments towards the trophic web throughout sea cucumbers, key protected benthic species. In October, sediment and holothurian samples from seventeen sampling sites from Croatian Islands characterized by different levels of protection (Silba n = 7; Telašćica MPA n = 10) were collected. Collected particles ranged in sediments within 113.4-377.8 items/kg d.w., and in holothurians within 0.6-9.4 items/animal, showing sizes within 1.4-10,493 μm. In holothurians, cellulose and cellulose acetate (non-synthetic materials) mean percentages were within 5.0-12.7% of the total amount of particles. Nylon fibres ranged within 0-26.7%; while PP, PE, PA, and PS% were more abundant than in sediments. Among factors of variability tested, "island group" and "level of protection" resulted to affect plastic composition in sediments. Otherwise, other environmental factors (i.e. orientation, morphology of sampling site, P. oceanica) were significantly related to chemical composition of microplastic ingested by holothurians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monia Renzi
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello, GR, Italy; Department of Life science, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri, 5, 34127 Trieste, TS, Italy.
| | - Andrea Blašković
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello, GR, Italy; Marine Explorers Society - 20000 Leagues, Put Bokanjca 26A; 23000 Zadar, Croatia
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Renzi M, Blašković A, Broccoli A, Bernardi G, Grazioli E, Russo G. Chemical composition of microplastic in sediments and protected detritivores from different marine habitats (Salina Island). Mar Pollut Bull 2020; 152:110918. [PMID: 32479291 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.110918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study estimates chemical composition of microplastic in sediments and benthic detritivores (sea cucumbers) collected from different marine rocky bottom habitat types (bank, landslide, cliff) of Salina Island (Aeolian Archipelago, Italy). Also, species richness and bottom coverings by benthic species were recorded at each sampling station. Correlations among chemical composition of microplastic in sediments and in detritivores were explored linking recorded variability to the factor "habitat type". Results evidence that the habitat types considered in this study are characterized by wide species richness and by high percentages of bottom coverage by protected species by international conventions. In spite of the high ecological value of habitats considered in this study, microplastics were recorded both in sediments (PVC, PET, PE, PS, PA, PP) and in stomach contents of sea cucumbers (PET, PA) collected in all sampling sites, confirming the exposure of benthic species to microplastic pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monia Renzi
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello, GR, Italy.
| | - Andrea Blašković
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello, GR, Italy
| | - Andrea Broccoli
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello, GR, Italy
| | - Giulia Bernardi
- Blue Marine Foundation, 3rd Floor South Building, Somerset House, Strand, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Eleonora Grazioli
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello, GR, Italy
| | - Giovanni Russo
- Department of Science for the Environment, University of Naples Parthenope, via A. De Gasperi, 5, 80133 Naples, Italy
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Abstract
In Europe REACH framework directive imposes data acquisition concerning toxicity on acquatic species before the commercialization of chemicals to assess environmental risks. According to official methods, exposure tests are performed under in vitro and standardized conditions: OECD's guideline rules external variables such as water type, feeding conditions, and exposure time. As consequence, such obtained results could be different from effects observed in natural environments. This study collects effects within 24-96 h of exposure to nano metal-oxides (ZnO, TiO2) on D. magna obtained by the exposure under standard OECD conditions comparing them with results obtained by the exposure under more similar conditions to natural environment (i.e. mixture, feeding). High doses exposure determines gas-bubble disease. Animals exposed to LC10 actively ingest nanoparticles under both fasting and feeding conditions. Furthermore, body burial by a coat of nanoparticles thicker in mixtures than in single dispersions was recorded. Furthermore, results show that: (i) effects increase over time; (ii) n-ZnO results less effective than n-TiO2 in both single dispersion, and mixture; (iii) the presence of surfactant increases toxicity of nanoparticles; (iv) immobilization is a more sensitive endpoint than mortality; (v) feeding increases test sensitiveness improving differences among treated and controls till 96 h and allowing longer exposure times than standard OECD test. As general remark, this study provides evidence that in vitro ecotoxicological results obtained under standardized OECD conditions could be significant different to animals' responses under natural (feeding and mixtures) exposure conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monia Renzi
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015, Orbetello (GR), Italy.
| | - Andrea Blašković
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015, Orbetello (GR), Italy
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Renzi M, Grazioli E, Blašković A. Effects of Different Microplastic Types and Surfactant-Microplastic Mixtures Under Fasting and Feeding Conditions: A Case Study on Daphnia magna. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2019; 103:367-373. [PMID: 31317222 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-019-02678-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluates the mortality and immobilization on Daphnia magna after 24-96 h of exposure to microplastic dispersions (PP, PE, PVC, PVC/PE), and to microplastic + surfactant solutions both under fasting and feeding conditions. The tested microplastics were analysed with μFT-IR to determine their chemical composition, purity, and dimensions. The results show that: (i) exposure under fasting conditions produces acceptable results on negative controls no later than 24 h; (ii) the dispersion of microplastics forms homo-agglomerates that are able to affect animals' motility and cause mortality and immobilization; (iii) different types of tested microplastic produce different effects on endpoints (the most toxic is PVC + surfactant); (iv) in all cases, the effects were reduced under feeding conditions (i.e. 4 times reduction of PE toxicity); (v) effects of surfactant on observed toxicity are microplastic-type dependent; (vi) the age of the animal affected the mortality and immobilization responses after exposure under both fasting and feeding conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monia Renzi
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015, Orbetello, GR, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Grazioli
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015, Orbetello, GR, Italy
| | - Andrea Blašković
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015, Orbetello, GR, Italy
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Renzi M, Specchiulli A, Blašković A, Manzo C, Mancinelli G, Cilenti L. Marine litter in stomach content of small pelagic fishes from the Adriatic Sea: sardines (Sardina pilchardus) and anchovies (Engraulis encrasicolus). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:2771-2781. [PMID: 30484055 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3762-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Marine litter impacts oceans and affects marine organisms, representing a potential threat for natural stocks of pelagic fish species located at the first levels of the marine food webs. In 2013-2014, on a seasonal basis, marine litter and microplastics in stomach contents from Sardinia pilchardus and Engraulis encrasicolus were evaluated. Selected species are plankitivores of great ecological and commercial importance in the Adriatic Sea. Collected data were correlated to possible factors able to affect ingested levels as well as species, season of sampling, biometry and sex of animals. Almost all tested samples (80 organisms for each species) contained marine litter (over 90% of samples from both species) and also microplastics; while any meso- or macroplastics were recorded. On average, recorded items were as follows: 4.63 (S. plichardus) and 1.25 (E. encrasicolus) per individual. Sardines evidenced a higher number of microplastics characterised by a smaller size than those recorded in anchovies. For sardines, sex, Gastro Somatic Index and sampling season showed negligible effects on the number of ingested litter; conversely, anchovies showed differences related with both sex of animals and dominant colour of ingested materials with prevalence for black and blue colours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monia Renzi
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia 32, 58015, Orbetello, Grosseto, Italy.
| | - Antonietta Specchiulli
- Department of Lesina (FG), National Research Council - Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies Marine Science, Via Pola 4, 71010, Lesina, Foggia, Italy
| | - Andrea Blašković
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia 32, 58015, Orbetello, Grosseto, Italy
| | - Cristina Manzo
- Department of Lesina (FG), National Research Council - Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies Marine Science, Via Pola 4, 71010, Lesina, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mancinelli
- Department of Lesina (FG), National Research Council - Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies Marine Science, Via Pola 4, 71010, Lesina, Foggia, Italy
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of the Salento, Lecce, Italy
- CoNISMa, Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, Piazzale Flaminio, 4, 00196, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Cilenti
- Department of Lesina (FG), National Research Council - Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies Marine Science, Via Pola 4, 71010, Lesina, Foggia, Italy
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Renzi M, Čižmek H, Blašković A. Marine litter in sediments related to ecological features in impacted sites and marine protected areas (Croatia). Mar Pollut Bull 2019; 138:25-29. [PMID: 30660271 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This study estimates levels of marine litter including plastics (macro-, meso- and microplastics) in sediments collected in shallow marine water from Croatia (Central Adriatic Sea). Selected sampling areas are characterized by different human pressure: Silba is highly stressed by tourism while Grebena is listed as marine protected area (MPA) of future institution. Obtained results on marine litter in sediments are correlated to ecological features recorded in each sampling site. Marine litter in collected sediments ranged within 180-528 items/kg d.w. Macroplastics were not recorded while mesoplastics were 1.3-4.8%. On a general basis, fibres are higher than microplastics. In Južni Greben, level of fragments higher than fibres was recorded. A slight significance of the factor "water depth" was evidenced by the statistical analyses exploring relationships among marine litter and ecological features. Furthermore, Silba and Grebena Islands showed a significant different assessment of size, shape and colour features. These results suggest different sources/dynamics affecting marine litter recorded in marine areas stressed by tourism compared to MPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monia Renzi
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello, GR, Italy.
| | - Hrvoje Čižmek
- Marine Explorers Society - 20000 Leagues, Put Bokanjca 26A, 23000 Zadar, ZD, Croatia
| | - Andrea Blašković
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello, GR, Italy
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Renzi M, Blašković A, Bernardi G, Russo GF. Plastic litter transfer from sediments towards marine trophic webs: A case study on holothurians. Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 135:376-385. [PMID: 30301049 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study estimates for the very first time plastic litter levels in sea cucumbers (Echinodermata, Holothuroidea) sampled in situ and their intakes from sediments in three different rocky bottom habitats (slides, cliff, banks) settled in Salina Island (Aeolian Archipelago). Macroplastic were never recorded while meso- and microplastics were identified in all sediment (81-438 items/kg d.w.) and animal samples (1.8-22 items/ind.). Plastic intakes by sea cucumbers resulted frequently associated to the size range included within 100-2000 μm. Over than 70% of ingested plastic litter is represented by the size fraction >500 μm. Sediment/animals ratios % are included 2.7 ± 2.0% in studied habitats with a selective intake of fragments occurring in slides. Furthermore, results support the occurrence of selective ingestion of plastic litter by holothurians in natural environments underlining the role of these species in microplastic transfer from abiotic towards biotic compartments of the marine trophic web.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monia Renzi
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello, GR, Italy.
| | - Andrea Blašković
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello, GR, Italy
| | - Giulia Bernardi
- Department of Sciences for the Environment, University of Naples Parthenope, Via A. De Gasperi 5, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni F Russo
- Department of Sciences for the Environment, University of Naples Parthenope, Via A. De Gasperi 5, 80133 Naples, Italy
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Renzi M, Blašković A. Litter & microplastics features in table salts from marine origin: Italian versus Croatian brands. Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 135:62-68. [PMID: 30301081 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.06.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study estimates litter content, including microplastics, mesoplastic, and macroplastic in marine table salts coming from Italy and Croatia. Both high (HC) and low (LC) costs commercial brands easily found at the supermarket were analysed. Any macroplastic or mesoplastic were recovered while microplastics and other litter impurities significantly affect table salts of all tested brands. Average microplastic values ranged within 1.57 (HC) - 8.23 (LC) (Italy) and 27.13 (HC) - 31.68 (LC) items/g (Croatia). Microplastics sizes (min-max) ranged within 4-2100 μm (Italy) and 15-4628 μm (Croatia). In samples from both Nations, a significant general positive correlation between the average number of items/g recorded and the total amount of general impurities was recorded. Concerning microplastic shapes, in Italy, fragments dominated even if fibres, granules, films, and foams are frequently recorded. On the contrary, clear PP fibres dominated in Croatian brands even if also other shape classes were recorded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monia Renzi
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello, GR, Italy.
| | - Andrea Blašković
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello, GR, Italy
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Blašković A, Guerranti C, Fastelli P, Anselmi S, Renzi M. Plastic levels in sediments closed to Cecina river estuary (Tuscany, Italy). Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 135:105-109. [PMID: 30300999 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on plastic distribution levels (shape, size, colour, type) in sediments from the coastal area of Cecina (Tuscany, Italy). Samples are collected in three sampling stations along six transect settled randomly along the shoreline and along the final tract of the Cecina river. Recorded plastic size ranges within 62.51-13,462 μm (average values 1591 ± 837 μm). Microplastics (<5000 μm) represent over than 97% of the total even if mesoplastics (5000-25,000 μm) are also recorded (2%). Over than 60% of recorded plastic items are higher than 500 μm. Measured levels range within 72 (ST2)-191 (ST4) items/kg d.w. Fragment > Fiber > Granule in each of the tested sampling site. Plastic litter levels recorded in study evidence low pollution compared to the existing literature supporting the occurrence of good environmental levels in Cecina coastline for the "Marine litter" descriptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Blašković
- Bioscience Research Center, via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Fastelli
- Bioscience Research Center, via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello, Italy
| | - Serena Anselmi
- Bioscience Research Center, via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello, Italy
| | - Monia Renzi
- Bioscience Research Center, via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello, Italy.
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Renzi M, Guerranti C, Blašković A. Microplastic contents from maricultured and natural mussels. Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 131:248-251. [PMID: 29886944 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Results of this research focuses on microplastic contents (levels, type, size, colour) in maricultured and natural mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from different Italian stocks. No significant differences were found among maricultured and natural stocks. All recovered MPs are filaments ranging within 750-6000 μm of maximum length (average values 1150-2290 μm). Feeding raw mussel could produce median MP intakes of 6.2-7.2 items/g w.w. Concerning human exposure by diet, both raw and cooked values are important. Some preliminary tests performed in this study evidenced that the cooking process determined lower MPs levels (-14%) in cooked tissues compared to raw ones, MPs were recorded in cooking water and were characterized by a lower size than in raw mussels. Results obtained by this study represent an important baseline on MPs level to evaluate environmental and human exposure risks by diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monia Renzi
- Bioscience Research Center, via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello, Italy.
| | | | - Andrea Blašković
- Bioscience Research Center, via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello, Italy
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Renzi M, Blašković A, Fastelli P, Marcelli M, Guerranti C, Cannas S, Barone L, Massara F. Is the microplastic selective according to the habitat? Records in amphioxus sands, Mäerl bed habitats and Cymodocea nodosa habitats. Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 130:179-183. [PMID: 29866544 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This study estimated for the first time the total loads of plastic litter (macro- meso- and micro-plastics) in sediments of different habitat types from the Northern Adriatic Sea. Samples were collected in March 2016. The sampling sites were settled in shoreline, on the C. nodosa bottoms, Amphioxus sands, and Mäerl bed habitats. Microplastics items were present in all sampling site and ranging within 137-703 items/kg d.w. from Mäerl bed habitat to the shoreline. In C. nodosa bottoms 170 items/kg d.w. were found, while in Amphioxus sands were recorded on average 194 items/kg d.w. Due to the absence of statistical associations among litter levels and abundance of B. lanceolatum in the study area, this research present the needs to develop a new method and more research to for the evaluation of how much the interrelation between sensible habitats and microplastic exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monia Renzi
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello, GR, Italy.
| | - Andrea Blašković
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello, GR, Italy
| | - Paolo Fastelli
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello, GR, Italy
| | | | - Cristiana Guerranti
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello, GR, Italy
| | - Susanna Cannas
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello, GR, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Barone
- Poliservizi srl, Via di S. Andrea delle Fratte, 24, 00187 Roma, Italy
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Blašković A, Fastelli P, Čižmek H, Guerranti C, Renzi M. Plastic litter in sediments from the Croatian marine protected area of the natural park of Telaščica bay (Adriatic Sea). Mar Pollut Bull 2017; 114:583-586. [PMID: 27634739 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports baseline levels of litter (macro, meso and microplastics) in sediments collected from different areas of the Croatian MPA of the Natural Park of Telaščica bay (Adriatic Sea, GSA n. 17). The distribution of total abundance according to size, for all analysed locations evidences that microplastics are the dominant fraction concerning item's numbers. In all analysed samples no macroplastics were found, while microplastics are 88.71% and mesoplastics are 11.29% of the total.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Blašković
- Department of Biology, Rooseveltovtrg 6, 10000, University of Zagreb, Croatia; Marine Explorers Society - 20000 leagues, Put Bokanjca 26A, 23000 Zadar, Croatia
| | - Paolo Fastelli
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia 32, 58015 Orbetello, Italy
| | - Hrvoje Čižmek
- Marine Explorers Society - 20000 leagues, Put Bokanjca 26A, 23000 Zadar, Croatia
| | | | - Monia Renzi
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia 32, 58015 Orbetello, Italy
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Fastelli P, Blašković A, Bernardi G, Romeo T, Čižmek H, Andaloro F, Russo GF, Guerranti C, Renzi M. Plastic litter in sediments from a marine area likely to become protected (Aeolian Archipelago's islands, Tyrrhenian sea). Mar Pollut Bull 2016; 113:526-529. [PMID: 27622926 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This research aims to define for the first time levels and patterns of different litter groups (macro, meso and microplastics) in sediments from a marine area designed for the institution of a new marine protected area (Aeolian Archipelago, Italy). Microplastics resulted the principal group and found in all samples analyzed, with shape and colours variable between different sampling sites. MPs levels measured in this study are similar to values recorded in harbour sites and lower than reported in Adriatic Sea, while macroplastics levels are notably lower than in harbor sites. Sediment grain-size and island extent resulted not significant in determining levels and distribution of plastic debris among islands. In the future, following the establishment of the MPA in the study area, these basic data will be useful to check for potential protective effects on the levels and distribution of plastic debris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Fastelli
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia 32, 58015 Orbetello, Italy
| | - Andrea Blašković
- Department of Biology, Rooseveltovtrg 6, 10000, University of Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Giulia Bernardi
- Department of Sciences for the Environment, University of Naples Parthenope, Via A. De Gasperi 5, 80133, Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Romeo
- ISPRA, Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, STS Palermo, Laboratory of Ichthyology and Marine Ecology, Milazzo, Messina, Italy
| | - Hrvoje Čižmek
- Department of Biology, Rooseveltovtrg 6, 10000, University of Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Franco Andaloro
- ISPRA, Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, STS Palermo, Laboratory of Ichthyology and Marine Ecology, Milazzo, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni F Russo
- Department of Sciences for the Environment, University of Naples Parthenope, Via A. De Gasperi 5, 80133, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Monia Renzi
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia 32, 58015 Orbetello, Italy
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