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Srikanthithasan K, Giorgino A, Fiorilla E, Ozella L, Gariglio M, Schiavone A, Marín ALM, Diaz Vicuna E, Forte C. Former foodstuffs in feed: a minireview of recent findings. Environ Sci Pollut Res 2024; 31:23322-23333. [PMID: 38436859 PMCID: PMC10998777 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32695-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The sustainability of all productive activities, including livestock farming, becomes a fundamental challenge in the current scenario. Livestock production faces both old and new challenges related to climate change, food safety, and feed-food competition. The latter aspect has recently become a hot topic, and many researchers are turning their attention to this issue. According to circular economy principles, former foodstuffs have characteristics that make them a promising source of raw material for animal feed. The main objective of the present review is to provide a brief overview of the most recent studies (published between 2016 and 2022) addressing the dietary inclusion of former foodstuffs for livestock. The articles analyzed cover key findings from both in vitro and in vivo studies of former foodstuffs included in the diets for pigs, cows, and broilers, and assess the associated safety aspects. The articles provide information on livestock performances and product quality, as well as feed digestibility, fecal microbiota, and blood analysis. Although the evidence supports the inclusion of former foodstuffs in livestock diets as a safe, effective, and sustainable ingredient, this analysis of the most recent literature also highlights gaps in our knowledge that need to be filled. The present overview will help researchers plan future research and standardize and promote the inclusion of former food products in livestock diets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Giorgino
- R&D, technical and commercial manager, Dalma Mangimi Spa, 12030, Marene, Italy
| | - Edoardo Fiorilla
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Laura Ozella
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Marta Gariglio
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy.
| | - Achille Schiavone
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
| | | | - Elena Diaz Vicuna
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Claudio Forte
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
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Neglia G, Calabrò S, Cotticelli A, Salzano A, Matera R, Vastolo A, D'Onofrio N, Giorgino A, Martino E, Balestrieri ML, Campanile G. Use of former food products in dairy buffalo nutrition: In vitro and in vivo evaluation. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2023; 107:1347-1355. [PMID: 37195024 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
A feeding strategy that maintains high content of functional molecules in buffalo milk has been verified by giving Sorghum vulgare as green fodder, but it is not available all year round. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of former food products (FFPs) containing 87% biscuit meal (nonstructural carbohydrate: 60.1%; starch 14.7; crude protein 10.6), in the diet of buffaloes in terms of: (a) fermentation characteristics through gas production technique; (b) milk yield (MY) and quality; (c) content of some biomolecules and total antioxidant activity. The experiment was performed involving 50 buffaloes divided into two groups: Green group and FFPs group (animals fed Total Mixed Ration with either green forage or FFPs respectively). Daily MY was recorded and milk qualitative analyses were determined monthly for 90 days. Furthermore, fermentation characteristics of the diets were studied in vitro. No significant differences were recorded in feed intake, BCS and MY and quality. Similar in vitro fermentation data of two diets were found, with slight differences in terms of gas production and degradability. During the incubation, kinetic parameters showed a faster fermentation process with the diet of the FFPs group in relation to Green group (p < 0.05). Green group had higher levels (p < 0.01) of γ-butyrobetaine, glycine betaine, l-carnitine and propionyl l-carnitine in milk, whereas no differences were observed for δ-valerobetaine and acetyl l-carnitine. Total antioxidant capacity and iron reduction antioxidant assay were higher (p < 0.05) in the plasma and milk of the Green group. The administration of a diet high in simple sugars, obtained with FFPs, seems to favour the ruminal biosynthesis of some metabolites in milk, such as δ-valerobetaine and acetyl- l-carnitine, similar to green forage administration. Overall, the use of biscuit meal can be an alternative to green fodder when it is not available to ensure environmental sustainability and optimize costs without compromising milk quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Neglia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Serena Calabrò
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessio Cotticelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Salzano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Matera
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vastolo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzia D'Onofrio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Martino
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria L Balestrieri
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Campanile
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Cabrelle G, Pergola V, Cattarin S, Dellino C, Continisio S, Montonati C, Giorgino A, De Conti G, Mele D, Iliceto S, Motta R. 514 Usefulness And Clinical Implications Of Plaque Analysis And Pfai For The Evaluation Of Cardiovascular Risk. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcct.2022.06.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Giannico OV, Baldacci S, Fragnelli GR, Desiante F, Battista T, Calamai C, Caputi G, Cipriani R, Faino A, Francioso F, Giorgino A, Mastronuzzi L, Russo C, Sponselli GM, Terlizzi EM, Menna AD, Rizzi R, Bisceglia L, Conversano M. Densità di popolazione e SARS-CoV-2: uno studio epidemiologico di urban health. Ig Sanita Pubbl 2022; 78:23-35. [PMID: 35370294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite SARS-CoV-2 transmission being a complex phenomenon, greater population density seems to be a risk factor. The aim of this study was to analyze through an epidemiologic urban health approach the relationship between population density and SARS-CoV-2 incidence using data which are comparable with regard to testing strategies. All 10,300 SARS-CoV-2 confirmed cases between October and December 2020 were included. We conducted separate analysis by gender standardizing and stratifying by age and month. In the Province Capital (p.d.=765 inhabitants/km2), standardized SARS-CoV-2 incidence rate was higher than the expected, both in men (SIR=1.17, 95%CI=1.12;1.22, p<0.0001) and women (SIR=1.20, 95%CI=1.15;1.25, p<0.0001). In municipalities with p.d. >200 inhabitants/km2, standardized SARS-CoV-2 incidence rate was similar to the expected (p>0.05). In municipalities with p.d. <200 inhabitants/km2, standardized SARS-CoV-2 incidence rate was lower than the expected, both in men (SIR=0.85, 95%CI=0.81;0.90, p<0.0001) and women (SIR=0.84, 95%CI=0.80;0.88, p<0.0001). Stratified analysis by months with likelihood ratio test showed heterogeneity of the p.d. effect in men and women (p<0.05). SARS-CoV-2 incidence rate seemed to be higher in most densely populated areas, both in men and women. Our results confirmed the great importance of restrictive measures as well as the importance of limiting the epidemic wave in the initial stages and could help guide pandemic management strategies according to urban context and population density.
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Affiliation(s)
- O V Giannico
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - S Baldacci
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - G R Fragnelli
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - F Desiante
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - T Battista
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - C Calamai
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - G Caputi
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - R Cipriani
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - A Faino
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - F Francioso
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - A Giorgino
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - L Mastronuzzi
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - C Russo
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - G M Sponselli
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - E M Terlizzi
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - A D Menna
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - R Rizzi
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - L Bisceglia
- Area Epidemiologia e Care Intelligence, Agenzia Regionale Strategica per la Salute e il Sociale della Puglia, Bari, Italy
| | - M Conversano
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
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Peli M, Bostick BC, Barontini S, Placidi D, Giorgino A, Ranzi R, Smith DR, Conversano M, Lucchini RG. Distribution of Manganese-Substituted Magnetites in Dusts from Taranto, Italy. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Elevated exposure to manganese (Mn) in environmental dusts and airborne particulates, particular from ferromanganese alloy steel production and metal working, is associated with a number of negative health outcomes, including Parkinsonism and other nervous system diseases. Manganese contamination and exposure from industrial sources is difficult to identify or quantify, as manganese is naturally abundant in the environment, and means to distinctly identify or fingerprint Mn arising from different industrial and environmental sources are limited. Here, the chemical and mineralogical properties of Mn in dusts from an active steel production facility in Taranto, Italy, were compared with those of indoor and outdoor deposited dust samples and surface soils collected in a series of schools in the nearby town. X-ray absorption spectroscopy revealed distinct chemical forms of Mn in industrial sources from those in typical background soils. Manganese ore from the facility contained abundant Mn(III, IV) oxides, while Mn-substituted magnetites were the most abundant mineral phase in dusts found in areas of the plant where metal was produced or combustion occurred. All school dusts were primarily composed of Mn-substituted magnetites, while most of the soils contained abundant manganese(IV) oxides. Source apportionment of Mn in regional dust and soil samples was estimated using linear combination fitting with representative industrial source materials. Manganese in dusts from the Taranto area community adjacent to the plant was derived primarily from industrially-sourced dusts produced during high temperature coke or steel production rather than re-suspended local soils or ore source material. Soils contained smaller proportion of industrially-derived Mn and are distinct from dusts, indicating that soil is a minor contributor of dust Mn in this area.
Key messages
Manganese speciation gives useful information in investigating Mn toxicology to humans in urban areas. Manganese-substituted magnetites may represent the target compound useful to distinguish toxic and non-toxic Mn-containing elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Peli
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - B C Bostick
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - S Barontini
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - D Placidi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - A Giorgino
- Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority of Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - R Ranzi
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - D R Smith
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Santa Cruz, USA
| | - M Conversano
- Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority of Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - R G Lucchini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Environmental Medicine & Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
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Baldacci S, Giannico OV, Giorgino A, Buccoliero GB, Desiante F, Fragnelli GR, Rizzi R, Loconsole D, Centrone F, Chironna M, Conversano M. 63 days detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA from a recovered patient in Southern Italy: A Case Report. Ann Ig 2020; 32:590-592. [PMID: 32744589 DOI: 10.7416/ai.2020.2378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Baldacci
- Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority of Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - O V Giannico
- Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority of Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - A Giorgino
- Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority of Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - G B Buccoliero
- Infectious Diseases Unit, "San Giuseppe Moscati" Hospital, Taranto, Italy
| | - F Desiante
- Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority of Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - G R Fragnelli
- Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority of Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - R Rizzi
- Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority of Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - D Loconsole
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - F Centrone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - M Chironna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - M Conversano
- Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority of Taranto, Taranto, Italy
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Desiante F, Russo C, Giorgino A, Caputi G, Battista T, Cipriani R, Conversano M. Universal proposal strategies of anti-HPV vaccination for adolescents: comparative analysis between school-based and clinic immunization programs. J Prev Med Hyg 2017; 58:E225-E230. [PMID: 29123369 PMCID: PMC5668932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A promising approach to increase teenager's adherence to immunization against HPV is the administration of vaccinations within the school facilities. The Local Health Unit of Taranto experienced two different vaccine strategy proposals in the twelve-year-olds: the first one was the usual active call strategy in the outpatient clinic, while the second one provided the involvement of the schools in the area. The aim of the study is to evaluate the results of the proposed vaccination strategies in both sexes and in towns of different sizes in order to identify an effective path for achieving vaccine coverage improvement. METHODS To estimate the number of anti-HPV vaccine doses administered in adolescents of the 2003 cohort, we used the computerized vaccination system data of the Apulia Region. Then, once analyzed, the data for anti-HPV vaccine were broken down by gender, vaccine strategy and size of the town of residence. Analyses performed by using STATA SE 14. RESULTS The multiple logistic regression points out that, females (OR = 3.2; p < 0.01), living in small towns (OR = 1.3; p < 0.01) and school vaccination strategy (OR = 2; p < 0.01) increase the likelihood of completing the anti-HPV vaccine cycle in adolescents. The comparative assessment of anti-HPV coverage strategies, suggests that school vaccination has resulted in significantly better outcomes than outpatient clinic one, for all the groups considered (overall 72.3% vs 55.6%). CONCLUSIONS The involvement of school institutes can define a winning organizational model to get a wider adolescent's adherence to immunization programs, especially in bigger towns. The school vaccination strategy could improve anti-HPV vaccine adherence also in males, who perceives a lower HPV-related diseases risk than females.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Desiante
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy;,Correspondence: Francesco Desiante, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy - E-mail:
| | - C. Russo
- Italian Society of Hygiene, Preventive Medicine and Public Health (SItI), Vaccine Strategies Apulian Working Group
| | - A. Giorgino
- Department of Public Health, Taranto Local Health Unit, Italy
| | - G. Caputi
- Department of Public Health, Taranto Local Health Unit, Italy
| | - T. Battista
- Department of Public Health, Taranto Local Health Unit, Italy
| | - R. Cipriani
- Department of Public Health, Taranto Local Health Unit, Italy
| | - M. Conversano
- Department of Public Health, Taranto Local Health Unit, Italy
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Fernández-Aguilar X, Rossi L, Cabezón Ó, Giorgino A, Victoriano Llopis I, Frey J, López-Olvera JR. Infectious keratoconjunctivitis and occurrence of Mycoplasma conjunctivae and Chlamydiaceae in small domestic ruminants from Central Karakoram, Pakistan. Vet Rec 2017; 181:237. [PMID: 28765500 PMCID: PMC5738590 DOI: 10.1136/vr.103948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC) is a contagious eye disease primarily caused by Mycoplasma conjunctivae in domestic and wild Caprinae. Chlamydophila species have also been detected in ruminants with IKC. The objectives of this study are to investigate the ocular infection of M. conjunctivae and Chlamydiaceae and assess its interaction in relation to IKC in sheep and goats from remote communities around the Central Karakoram National Park in Pakistan, performing a combination of cross-sectional and case–control study design. Mostly asymptomatic and endemic infections of M. conjunctivae and Chlamydiaceae were found in sheep (19.3 per cent and 4.5 per cent, respectively) and goats (9.5 per cent and 1.9 per cent, respectively) from all communities, assessed by qPCR. Prevalence significantly differed between species only for M. conjunctivae (P=0.0184), which was also more prevalent in younger sheep (P<0.01). Chlamydophila pecorum was identified by sequencing and was related with IKC only when coinfection with M. conjunctivae occurred, which suggest a synergic interaction. Cluster analysis of M. conjunctivae strains revealed higher diversity of strains than expected, evidenced interspecific transmission and suggested a higher local livestock trade than previously assumed. These results highlight the widespread occurrence of M conjunctivae in sheep worldwide and its implications for wildlife should be assessed from a conservation perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Fernández-Aguilar
- Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luca Rossi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Óscar Cabezón
- Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Giorgino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
| | | | - Joachim Frey
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jorge Ramón López-Olvera
- Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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