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Rossi-Herring G, Belmonte T, Rivas-Urbina A, Benítez S, Rotllan N, Crespo J, Llorente-Cortés V, Sánchez-Quesada JL, de Gonzalo-Calvo D. Circulating lipoprotein-carried miRNome analysis reveals novel VLDL-enriched microRNAs that strongly correlate with the HDL-microRNA profile. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114623. [PMID: 37023624 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipoproteins have been described as microRNAs (miRNAs) carriers. Unfortunately, the bibliography on this topic is scarce and shows a high variability between independent investigations. In addition, the miRNA profiles of the LDL and VLDL fractions have not been completely elucidated. Here, we profiled the human circulating lipoprotein-carried miRNome. Lipoprotein fractions (VLDL, LDL and HDL) were isolated from the serum of healthy subjects by ultracentrifugation and purified by size-exclusion chromatography. A panel of 179 miRNAs commonly expressed in circulation was evaluated in the lipoprotein fractions using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assays. A total of 14, 4 and 24 miRNAs were stably detected in the VLDL, LDL and HDL fractions, respectively. VLDL- and HDL-miRNA signatures were highly correlated (rho 0.814), and miR-16-5p, miR-142-3p, miR-223-3p and miR-451a were among the top 5 expressed miRNAs in both fractions. miR-125a-5p, miR-335-3p and miR-1260a, were detected in all lipoprotein fractions. miR-107 and miR-221-3p were uniquely detected in the VLDL fraction. HDL showed the larger number of specifically detected miRNAs (n = 13). Enrichment in specific miRNA families and genomic clusters was observed for HDL-miRNAs. Two sequence motifs were also detected for this group of miRNAs. Functional enrichment analysis including the miRNA signatures from each lipoprotein fraction suggested a potential role in mechanistic pathways previously associated with cardiovascular disease: fibrosis, senescence, inflammation, immune response, angiogenesis, and cardiomyopathy. Collectively, our results not only support the role of lipoproteins as circulating miRNA carriers but also describe for the first time the role of VLDL as a miRNA transporter.
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Rivas-Urbina A, Rotllan N, Santos D, Julve J, Sanchez-Quesada JL, Escolà-Gil JC. Monitoring Atheroprotective Macrophage Cholesterol Efflux In Vivo. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2419:569-581. [PMID: 35237989 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1924-7_35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This chapter provides details on the methodologies currently used to monitor macrophage cholesterol efflux in vivo in mice. The general principles and techniques described herein can be applied to evaluate the effect of different experimental pathophysiological conditions or the efficacy of different therapeutic strategies on the modulation of in vivo cholesterol efflux to plasma acceptors and the rate of reverse transport of unesterified cholesterol from macrophages to feces in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rivas-Urbina
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noemi Rotllan
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas. CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Santos
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas. CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Julve
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas. CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain.,Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Sanchez-Quesada
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas. CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain. .,Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Joan Carles Escolà-Gil
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas. CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain. .,Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Cedó L, Metso J, Santos D, Garcia-Leon A, Plana N, Sabate-Soler S, Rotllan N, Rivas-Urbina A, Méndez-Lara K, Tondo M, Heras M, Julve J, Pallarès V, Ruotsalainen AK, Levonen AL, Sanchez-Quesada J, Masana L, Kovanen P, Jauhiainen M, Lee-Rueckert M, Blanco-Vaca F, Escolà-Gil J. LDL receptor regulates the reverse transport of macrophage-derived unesterified cholesterol via concerted action of the HDL-LDL axis. Atherosclerosis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.10.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Cedó L, Fernández-Castillejo S, Rubió L, Metso J, Santos D, Muñoz-Aguayo D, Rivas-Urbina A, Tondo M, Méndez-Lara KA, Farràs M, Jauhiainen M, Motilva MJ, Fitó M, Blanco-Vaca F, Solà R, Escolà-Gil JC. Phenol-Enriched Virgin Olive Oil Promotes Macrophage-Specific Reverse Cholesterol Transport In Vivo. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8080266. [PMID: 32756328 PMCID: PMC7460104 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8080266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The intake of olive oil (OO) enriched with phenolic compounds (PCs) promotes ex vivo HDL-mediated macrophage cholesterol efflux in humans. We aimed to determine the effects of PC-enriched virgin OO on reverse cholesterol transport (RevCT) from macrophages to feces in vivo. Female C57BL/6 mice were given intragastric doses of refined OO (ROO) and a functional unrefined virgin OO enriched with its own PC (FVOO) for 14 days. Our experiments included two independent groups of mice that received intragastric doses of the phenolic extract (PE) used to prepare the FVOO and the vehicle solution (saline), as control, for 14 days. FVOO intake led to a significant increase in serum HDL cholesterol and its ability to induce macrophage cholesterol efflux in vitro when compared with ROO group. This was concomitant with the enhanced macrophage-derived [3H]cholesterol transport to feces in vivo. PE intake per se also increased HDL cholesterol levels and significantly promoted in vivo macrophage-to-feces RevCT rate when compared with saline group. PE upregulated the expression of the main macrophage transporter involved in macrophage cholesterol efflux, the ATP binding cassettea1. Our data provide direct evidence of the crucial role of OO PCs in the induction of macrophage-specific RevCT in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lídia Cedó
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques IIB Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (D.S.); (A.R.-U.); (M.T.); (K.A.M.-L.); (M.F.); (F.B.-V.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (J.C.E.-G.)
| | - Sara Fernández-Castillejo
- Surgery Department-Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and CVD Research Group (NFOC-Salut), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences-Medicine, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain; (S.F.-C.); (L.R.); (R.S.)
- Fundació EURECAT—Centre Tecnològic de Nutrició i Salut, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Laura Rubió
- Surgery Department-Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and CVD Research Group (NFOC-Salut), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences-Medicine, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain; (S.F.-C.); (L.R.); (R.S.)
- Food Technology Department, Universitat de Lleida-Agrotecnio Center, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Jari Metso
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research and National Institute for Health and Welfare, Genomics and Biomarkers Unit, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (J.M.); (M.J.)
| | - David Santos
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques IIB Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (D.S.); (A.R.-U.); (M.T.); (K.A.M.-L.); (M.F.); (F.B.-V.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Muñoz-Aguayo
- IMIM Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Grup de Risc Cardiovascular i Nutrició, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (D.M.-A.); (M.F.)
- CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CIBEROBN, Grup de Risc Cardiovascular i Nutrició, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Rivas-Urbina
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques IIB Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (D.S.); (A.R.-U.); (M.T.); (K.A.M.-L.); (M.F.); (F.B.-V.)
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Tondo
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques IIB Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (D.S.); (A.R.-U.); (M.T.); (K.A.M.-L.); (M.F.); (F.B.-V.)
| | - Karen Alejandra Méndez-Lara
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques IIB Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (D.S.); (A.R.-U.); (M.T.); (K.A.M.-L.); (M.F.); (F.B.-V.)
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Farràs
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques IIB Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (D.S.); (A.R.-U.); (M.T.); (K.A.M.-L.); (M.F.); (F.B.-V.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Matti Jauhiainen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research and National Institute for Health and Welfare, Genomics and Biomarkers Unit, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (J.M.); (M.J.)
| | - Maria-José Motilva
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino-ICVV (CSIC-Universidad de La Rioja-Gobierno de La Rioja), Finca “La Grajera”, 26007 Logroño, La Rioja, Spain;
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- IMIM Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Grup de Risc Cardiovascular i Nutrició, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (D.M.-A.); (M.F.)
- CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CIBEROBN, Grup de Risc Cardiovascular i Nutrició, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Blanco-Vaca
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques IIB Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (D.S.); (A.R.-U.); (M.T.); (K.A.M.-L.); (M.F.); (F.B.-V.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Solà
- Surgery Department-Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and CVD Research Group (NFOC-Salut), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences-Medicine, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain; (S.F.-C.); (L.R.); (R.S.)
- Fundació EURECAT—Centre Tecnològic de Nutrició i Salut, 43204 Reus, Spain
- Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus HUSJR, NFOC-Salut, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Joan Carles Escolà-Gil
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques IIB Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (D.S.); (A.R.-U.); (M.T.); (K.A.M.-L.); (M.F.); (F.B.-V.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (J.C.E.-G.)
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5
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Cedó L, Metso J, Santos D, García-León A, Plana N, Sabate-Soler S, Rotllan N, Rivas-Urbina A, Méndez-Lara KA, Tondo M, Girona J, Julve J, Pallarès V, Benitez-Amaro A, Llorente-Cortes V, Pérez A, Gómez-Coronado D, Ruotsalainen AK, Levonen AL, Sanchez-Quesada JL, Masana L, Kovanen PT, Jauhiainen M, Lee-Rueckert M, Blanco-Vaca F, Escolà-Gil JC. LDL Receptor Regulates the Reverse Transport of Macrophage-Derived Unesterified Cholesterol via Concerted Action of the HDL-LDL Axis: Insight From Mouse Models. Circ Res 2020; 127:778-792. [PMID: 32495699 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.316424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The HDL (high-density lipoprotein)-mediated stimulation of cellular cholesterol efflux initiates macrophage-specific reverse cholesterol transport (m-RCT), which ends in the fecal excretion of macrophage-derived unesterified cholesterol (UC). Early studies established that LDL (low-density lipoprotein) particles could act as efficient intermediate acceptors of cellular-derived UC, thereby preventing the saturation of HDL particles and facilitating their cholesterol efflux capacity. However, the capacity of LDL to act as a plasma cholesterol reservoir and its potential impact in supporting the m-RCT pathway in vivo both remain unknown. OBJECTIVE We investigated LDL contributions to the m-RCT pathway in hypercholesterolemic mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Macrophage cholesterol efflux induced in vitro by LDL added to the culture media either alone or together with HDL or ex vivo by plasma derived from subjects with familial hypercholesterolemia was assessed. In vivo, m-RCT was evaluated in mouse models of hypercholesterolemia that were naturally deficient in CETP (cholesteryl ester transfer protein) and fed a Western-type diet. LDL induced the efflux of radiolabeled UC from cultured macrophages, and, in the simultaneous presence of HDL, a rapid transfer of the radiolabeled UC from HDL to LDL occurred. However, LDL did not exert a synergistic effect on HDL cholesterol efflux capacity in the familial hypercholesterolemia plasma. The m-RCT rates of the LDLr (LDL receptor)-KO (knockout), LDLr-KO/APOB100, and PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9)-overexpressing mice were all significantly reduced relative to the wild-type mice. In contrast, m-RCT remained unchanged in HAPOB100 Tg (human APOB100 transgenic) mice with fully functional LDLr, despite increased levels of plasma APO (apolipoprotein)-B-containing lipoproteins. CONCLUSIONS Hepatic LDLr plays a critical role in the flow of macrophage-derived UC to feces, while the plasma increase of APOB-containing lipoproteins is unable to stimulate m-RCT. The results indicate that, besides the major HDL-dependent m-RCT pathway via SR-BI (scavenger receptor class B type 1) to the liver, a CETP-independent m-RCT path exists, in which LDL mediates the transfer of cholesterol from macrophages to feces. Graphical Abstract: A graphical abstract is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lídia Cedó
- From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (L.C., D.S., A.G.-L., S.S.-S., N.R., A.R.-U., K.A.M.-L., M.T., J.J., V.P., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.).,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain (L.C., D.S., N.P., J.J., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., L.M., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.)
| | - Jari Metso
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research and National Institute for Health and Welfare, Genomics and Biomarkers Unit, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland (J.M., M.J.)
| | - David Santos
- From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (L.C., D.S., A.G.-L., S.S.-S., N.R., A.R.-U., K.A.M.-L., M.T., J.J., V.P., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.).,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain (L.C., D.S., N.P., J.J., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., L.M., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.)
| | - Annabel García-León
- From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (L.C., D.S., A.G.-L., S.S.-S., N.R., A.R.-U., K.A.M.-L., M.T., J.J., V.P., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.)
| | - Núria Plana
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain (L.C., D.S., N.P., J.J., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., L.M., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.).,Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Rovira i Virgili University, IISPV, Reus, Spain (N.P., J.G., L.M.)
| | - Sonia Sabate-Soler
- From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (L.C., D.S., A.G.-L., S.S.-S., N.R., A.R.-U., K.A.M.-L., M.T., J.J., V.P., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.)
| | - Noemí Rotllan
- From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (L.C., D.S., A.G.-L., S.S.-S., N.R., A.R.-U., K.A.M.-L., M.T., J.J., V.P., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.)
| | - Andrea Rivas-Urbina
- From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (L.C., D.S., A.G.-L., S.S.-S., N.R., A.R.-U., K.A.M.-L., M.T., J.J., V.P., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.).,Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain (A.R.-U., K.A.M.-L., J.J., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.)
| | - Karen A Méndez-Lara
- From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (L.C., D.S., A.G.-L., S.S.-S., N.R., A.R.-U., K.A.M.-L., M.T., J.J., V.P., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.).,Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain (A.R.-U., K.A.M.-L., J.J., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.)
| | - Mireia Tondo
- From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (L.C., D.S., A.G.-L., S.S.-S., N.R., A.R.-U., K.A.M.-L., M.T., J.J., V.P., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.)
| | - Josefa Girona
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Rovira i Virgili University, IISPV, Reus, Spain (N.P., J.G., L.M.)
| | - Josep Julve
- From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (L.C., D.S., A.G.-L., S.S.-S., N.R., A.R.-U., K.A.M.-L., M.T., J.J., V.P., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.).,Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain (A.R.-U., K.A.M.-L., J.J., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.).,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain (L.C., D.S., N.P., J.J., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., L.M., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.)
| | - Victor Pallarès
- From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (L.C., D.S., A.G.-L., S.S.-S., N.R., A.R.-U., K.A.M.-L., M.T., J.J., V.P., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.)
| | - Aleyda Benitez-Amaro
- CIBER en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Institut de Recerca Josep Carreras, Barcelona, Spain (V.P.); Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona-Spanish National Research Council (A.B.-A., V.L.-C.)
| | - Vicenta Llorente-Cortes
- CIBER en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Institut de Recerca Josep Carreras, Barcelona, Spain (V.P.); Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona-Spanish National Research Council (A.B.-A., V.L.-C.).,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (V.L.-C.)
| | - Antonio Pérez
- From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (L.C., D.S., A.G.-L., S.S.-S., N.R., A.R.-U., K.A.M.-L., M.T., J.J., V.P., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.).,Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain (A.R.-U., K.A.M.-L., J.J., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.).,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain (L.C., D.S., N.P., J.J., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., L.M., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.)
| | - Diego Gómez-Coronado
- Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain (D.G.-C.).,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (D.G.-C.)
| | - Anna-Kaisa Ruotsalainen
- University of Eastern Finland, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Kuopio (A.-K.R., A.-L.L.)
| | - Anna-Liisa Levonen
- University of Eastern Finland, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Kuopio (A.-K.R., A.-L.L.)
| | - José Luis Sanchez-Quesada
- From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (L.C., D.S., A.G.-L., S.S.-S., N.R., A.R.-U., K.A.M.-L., M.T., J.J., V.P., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.).,Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain (A.R.-U., K.A.M.-L., J.J., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.).,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain (L.C., D.S., N.P., J.J., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., L.M., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.)
| | - Luís Masana
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain (L.C., D.S., N.P., J.J., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., L.M., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.).,Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Rovira i Virgili University, IISPV, Reus, Spain (N.P., J.G., L.M.)
| | - Petri T Kovanen
- and Wihuri Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland (P.T.K., M.L.-R.)
| | - Matti Jauhiainen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research and National Institute for Health and Welfare, Genomics and Biomarkers Unit, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland (J.M., M.J.)
| | | | - Francisco Blanco-Vaca
- From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (L.C., D.S., A.G.-L., S.S.-S., N.R., A.R.-U., K.A.M.-L., M.T., J.J., V.P., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.).,Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain (A.R.-U., K.A.M.-L., J.J., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.).,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain (L.C., D.S., N.P., J.J., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., L.M., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.)
| | - Joan Carles Escolà-Gil
- From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (L.C., D.S., A.G.-L., S.S.-S., N.R., A.R.-U., K.A.M.-L., M.T., J.J., V.P., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.).,Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain (A.R.-U., K.A.M.-L., J.J., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.).,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain (L.C., D.S., N.P., J.J., A.P., J.L.S.-Q., L.M., F.B.-V., J.C.E.-G.)
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6
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Rivas-Urbina A, Rull A, Aldana-Ramos J, Santos D, Puig N, Farre-Cabrerizo N, Benitez S, Perez A, de Gonzalo-Calvo D, Escola-Gil JC, Julve J, Ordoñez-Llanos J, Sanchez-Quesada JL. Subcutaneous Administration of Apolipoprotein J-Derived Mimetic Peptide d-[113-122]apoJ Improves LDL and HDL Function and Prevents Atherosclerosis in LDLR-KO Mice. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10060829. [PMID: 32485898 PMCID: PMC7356811 DOI: 10.3390/biom10060829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mimetic peptides are potential therapeutic agents for atherosclerosis. d-[113–122]apolipoprotein (apo) J (d-[113–122]apoJ) is a 10-residue peptide that is predicted to form a class G* amphipathic helix 6 from apoJ; it shows anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic properties. In the present study, we analyzed the effect of d-[113–122]apoJ in low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice(LDLR-KO) on the development of atherosclerosis and lipoprotein function. Fifteen-week-old female LDLR-KO mice fed an atherogenic Western-type diet were treated for eight weeks with d-[113–122]apoJ peptide, a scrambled peptide, or vehicle. Peptides were administered subcutaneously three days per week (200 µg in 100 µL of saline). After euthanasia, blood and hearts were collected and the aortic arch was analyzed for the presence of atherosclerotic lesions. Lipoproteins were isolated and their composition and functionality were studied. The extent of atherosclerotic lesions was 43% lower with d-[113–122]apoJ treatment than with the vehicle or scramble. The lipid profile was similar between groups, but the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) of d-[113–122]apoJ-treated mice had a higher antioxidant capacity and increased ability to promote cholesterol efflux than the control group. In addition, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) from d-[113–122]apoJ-treated mice was more resistant to induced aggregation and presented lower electronegativity than in mice treated with d-[113–122]apoJ. Our results demonstrate that the d-[113–122]apoJ peptide prevents the extent of atherosclerotic lesions, which could be partially explained by the improvement of lipoprotein functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rivas-Urbina
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (A.R.-U.); (A.R.); (J.A.-R.); (N.P.); (S.B.); (J.O.-L.)
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola, Spain
| | - Anna Rull
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (A.R.-U.); (A.R.); (J.A.-R.); (N.P.); (S.B.); (J.O.-L.)
- Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43005 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Joile Aldana-Ramos
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (A.R.-U.); (A.R.); (J.A.-R.); (N.P.); (S.B.); (J.O.-L.)
| | - David Santos
- Molecular Basis of Cardiovascular Risk, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (D.S.); (N.F.-C.); (J.C.E.-G.); (J.J.)
- CIBER of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Nuria Puig
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (A.R.-U.); (A.R.); (J.A.-R.); (N.P.); (S.B.); (J.O.-L.)
| | - Nuria Farre-Cabrerizo
- Molecular Basis of Cardiovascular Risk, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (D.S.); (N.F.-C.); (J.C.E.-G.); (J.J.)
| | - Sonia Benitez
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (A.R.-U.); (A.R.); (J.A.-R.); (N.P.); (S.B.); (J.O.-L.)
| | - Antonio Perez
- CIBER of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Endocrinology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - David de Gonzalo-Calvo
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain;
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Carles Escola-Gil
- Molecular Basis of Cardiovascular Risk, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (D.S.); (N.F.-C.); (J.C.E.-G.); (J.J.)
- CIBER of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Josep Julve
- Molecular Basis of Cardiovascular Risk, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (D.S.); (N.F.-C.); (J.C.E.-G.); (J.J.)
- CIBER of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jordi Ordoñez-Llanos
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (A.R.-U.); (A.R.); (J.A.-R.); (N.P.); (S.B.); (J.O.-L.)
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Sanchez-Quesada
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (A.R.-U.); (A.R.); (J.A.-R.); (N.P.); (S.B.); (J.O.-L.)
- CIBER of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-35537588
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7
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Rivas-Urbina A, Rull A, Montoliu-Gaya L, Pérez-Cuellar M, Ordóñez-Llanos J, Villegas S, Sánchez-Quesada JL. Low-density lipoprotein aggregation is inhibited by apolipoprotein J-derived mimetic peptide D-[113-122]apoJ. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1865:158541. [PMID: 31672573 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.158541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mimetic peptides are promising therapeutic agents for atherosclerosis prevention. A 10-residue class G* peptide from apolipoprotein J (apoJ), namely, D-[113-122]apoJ, possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic properties. This prompted us to determine its effect on the aggregation process of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles, an early event in the development of atherosclerosis. LDL particles with and without [113-122]apoJ peptide were incubated at 37 °C with sphingomyelinase (SMase) or were left to aggregate spontaneously at room temperature. The aggregation process was analyzed by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), native gradient gel electrophoresis (GGE), absorbance at 405 nm, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electronic microscopy (TEM). In addition, circular dichroism was used to determine changes in the secondary structure of apoB, and SDS-PAGE was performed to assess apoB degradation. At an equimolar ratio of [113-122]apoJ peptide to apoB-100, [113-122]apoJ inhibited both SMase-induced or spontaneous LDL aggregation. All methods showed that [113-122]apoJ retarded the progression of SMase-induced LDL aggregation at long incubation times. No effect of [113-122]apoJ on apoB secondary structure was observed. Binding experiments showed that [113-122]apoJ presents low affinity for native LDL but binds readily to LDL during the first stages of aggregation. Laurdan fluorescence experiments showed that mild aggregation of LDL resulted in looser lipid packaging, which was partially prevented by D-[113-122]apoJ. These results demonstrate that [113-122]apoJ peptide prevents SMase-induced LDL aggregation at an equimolar ratio and opens the possibility for the use of this peptide as a therapeutic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rivas-Urbina
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola, Spain
| | - Anna Rull
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Montoliu-Gaya
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola, Spain
| | - Montserrat Pérez-Cuellar
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Ordóñez-Llanos
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola, Spain
| | - Sandra Villegas
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola, Spain.
| | - Jose Luis Sánchez-Quesada
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Spain.
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8
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Cedó L, Fernández-Castillejo S, Rubió L, Metso J, Santos D, Muñoz D, Rivas-Urbina A, Méndez-Lara K, Farràs M, Jauhiainen M, Motilva M, Fitó M, Blanco-Vaca F, Solà R, Escolà-Gil J. The Intake Of Olive Oil Phenolic Compounds Promotes Macrophage-Specific Reverse Cholesterol Transport In Vivo. Atherosclerosis 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.06.682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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9
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Rivas-Urbina A, Rull A, Ordóñez-Llanos J, Sánchez-Quesada JL. Electronegative LDL: An Active Player in Atherogenesis or a By- Product of Atherosclerosis? Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:1665-1679. [PMID: 29600751 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180330093953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) are the major plasma carriers of cholesterol. However, LDL particles must undergo various molecular modifications to promote the development of atherosclerotic lesions. Modified LDL can be generated by different mechanisms, but as a common trait, show an increased electronegative charge of the LDL particle. A subfraction of LDL with increased electronegative charge (LDL(-)), which can be isolated from blood, exhibits several pro-atherogenic characteristics. LDL(-) is heterogeneous, due to its multiple origins but is strongly related to the development of atherosclerosis. Nevertheless, the implication of LDL(-) in a broad array of pathologic conditions is complex and in some cases anti-atherogenic LDL(-) properties have been reported. In fact, several molecular modifications generating LDL(-) have been widely studied, but it remains unknown as to whether these different mechanisms are specific or common to different pathological disorders. In this review, we attempt to address these issues examining the most recent findings on the biology of LDL(-) and discussing the relationship between this LDL subfraction and the development of different diseases with increased cardiovascular risk. Finally, the review highlights the importance of minor apolipoproteins associated with LDL(-) which would play a crucial role in the different properties displayed by these modified LDL particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rivas-Urbina
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola, Spain
| | - Anna Rull
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jordi Ordóñez-Llanos
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola, Spain
| | - José Luis Sánchez-Quesada
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERDEM. Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
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10
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Benitez-Amaro A, Pallara C, Nasarre L, Rivas-Urbina A, Benitez S, Vea A, Bornachea O, de Gonzalo-Calvo D, Serra-Mir G, Villegas S, Prades R, Sanchez-Quesada JL, Chiva C, Sabido E, Tarragó T, Llorente-Cortés V. Molecular basis for the protective effects of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1)-derived peptides against LDL aggregation. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2019; 1861:1302-1316. [PMID: 31077676 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Aggregated LDL is the first ligand reported to interact with the cluster II CR9 domain of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1). In particular, the C-terminal half of domain CR9, comprising the region Gly1127-Cys1140 exclusively recognizes aggregated LDL and it is crucial for aggregated LDL binding. Our aim was to study the effect of the sequence Gly1127-Cys1140 (named peptide LP3 and its retro-enantio version, named peptide DP3) on the structural characteristics of sphingomyelinase- (SMase) and phospholipase 2 (PLA2)-modified LDL particles. Turbidimetry, gel filtration chromatography (GFC) and transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) analysis showed that LP3 and DP3 peptides strongly inhibited SMase- and PLA2-induced LDL aggregation. Nondenaturing polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis (GGE), agarose gel electrophoresis and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) indicated that LP3 and DP3 prevented SMase-induced alterations in LDL particle size, electric charge and phospholipid content, respectively, but not those induced by PLA2. Western blot analysis showed that LP3 and DP3 counteracted changes in ApoB-100 conformation induced by the two enzymes. LDL proteomics (LDL trypsin digestion followed by mass spectroscopy) and computational modeling methods evidenced that peptides preserve ApoB-100 conformation due to their electrostatic interactions with a basic region of ApoB-100. These results demonstrate that LRP1-derived peptides are protective against LDL aggregation, even in conditions of extreme lipolysis, through their capacity to bind to ApoB-100 regions critical for ApoB-100 conformational preservation. These results suggests that these LRP1(CR9) derived peptides could be promising tools to prevent LDL aggregation induced by the main proteolytic enzymes acting in the arterial intima.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleyda Benitez-Amaro
- Group of Lipids and Cardiovascular Pathology, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chiara Pallara
- Iproteos S.L., Barcelona Science Park (PCB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Nasarre
- Group of Lipids and Cardiovascular Pathology, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Rivas-Urbina
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Benitez
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angela Vea
- Group of Lipids and Cardiovascular Pathology, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Bornachea
- Group of Lipids and Cardiovascular Pathology, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - David de Gonzalo-Calvo
- Group of Lipids and Cardiovascular Pathology, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERcv), Spain
| | - Gabriel Serra-Mir
- Protein Design and Immunotherapy Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Villegas
- Protein Design and Immunotherapy Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger Prades
- Iproteos S.L., Barcelona Science Park (PCB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luís Sanchez-Quesada
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER DIABETES y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), Spain
| | - Cristina Chiva
- Proteomics Unit, Centre de Regulació Genòmica, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Sabido
- Proteomics Unit, Centre de Regulació Genòmica, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Tarragó
- Iproteos S.L., Barcelona Science Park (PCB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicenta Llorente-Cortés
- Group of Lipids and Cardiovascular Pathology, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERcv), Spain.
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11
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Dias IHK, Ferreira R, Gruber F, Vitorino R, Rivas-Urbina A, Sanchez-Quesada JL, Vieira Silva J, Fardilha M, de Freitas V, Reis A. Sulfate-based lipids: Analysis of healthy human fluids and cell extracts. Chem Phys Lipids 2019; 221:53-64. [PMID: 30910732 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sulfate-based lipids (SL) have been proposed as players in inflammation, immunity and infection. In spite of the many biochemical processes linked to SL, analysis on this class of lipids has only focused on specific SL sub-classes in individual fluids or cells leaving a range of additional SL in other biological samples unaccounted for. This study describes the mass spectrometry screening of SL in lipid extracts of human fluids (saliva, plasma, urine, seminal fluid) and primary human cells (RBC, neutrophils, fibroblasts and skin epidermal) using targeted precursor ion scanning (PIS) approach. The PIS 97 mass spectra reveal a wide diversity of SL including steroid sulfates, sulfoglycolipids and other unidentified SL, as well as metabolites such as taurines, sulfated polyphenols and hypurate conjugates. Semi-quantification of SL revealed that plasma exhibited the highest content of SL whereas seminal fluid and epithelial cells contained the highest sulphur to phosphorous (S/P) ratio. The complexity of biofluids and cells sulfateome presented in this study highlight the importance of expanding the panel of synthetic sulfate-based lipid standards. Also, the heterogenous distribution of SL provides evidence for the interplay of sulfotransferases/sulfatases, opening new avenues for biomarker discovery in oral health, cardiovascular, fertility and dermatology research areas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rita Ferreira
- Departamento de Quimica, Research Unit of Química Orgânica, Produtos Naturais e Agro-alimentares (QOPNA), Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Florian Gruber
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Dermatology, Vienna, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Biotechnology of Skin Aging, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rui Vitorino
- Unidade de Investigação Cardiovascular, Departamento de Cirurgia e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal; Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Andrea Rivas-Urbina
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry, Biomedical Research Institute IIB Sant Pau, Sant Antoni Ma Claret, 167, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luis Sanchez-Quesada
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry, Biomedical Research Institute IIB Sant Pau, Sant Antoni Ma Claret, 167, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joana Vieira Silva
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; Reproductive Genetics & Embryo-fetal Development Group, Institute for Innovation and Health Research (I3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Fardilha
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Victor de Freitas
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Reis
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
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12
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Jayaraman S, Baveghems C, Chavez OR, Rivas-Urbina A, Sánchez-Quesada JL, Gursky O. Effects of triacylglycerol on the structural remodeling of human plasma very low- and low-density lipoproteins. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1864:1061-1071. [PMID: 30844432 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) is the main plasma carrier of triacylglycerol that is elevated in pathological conditions such as diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity and dyslipidemia. How variations in triacylglycerol levels influence structural stability and remodeling of VLDL and its metabolic product, low-density lipoproteins (LDL), is unknown. We applied a biochemical and biophysical approach using lipoprotein remodeling by lipoprotein lipase and cholesterol ester transfer protein, along with thermal denaturation that mimics key aspects of lipoprotein remodeling in vivo. The results revealed that increasing the triacylglycerol content in VLDL promotes changes in the lipoprotein size and release of the exchangeable apolipoproteins. Similarly, increased triacylglycerol content in LDL promotes lipoprotein remodeling and fusion. These effects were observed in single-donor lipoproteins from healthy subjects enriched in exogenous triolein, in single-donor lipoproteins from healthy subjects with naturally occurring differences in endogenous triacylglycerol, and in LDL and VLDL from pooled plasma of diabetic and normolipidemic patients. Consequently, triacylglycerol-induced destabilization is a general property of plasma lipoproteins. This destabilization reflects a direct effect of triacylglycerol on lipoproteins. Moreover, we show that TG can act indirectly by increasing lipoprotein susceptibility to oxidation and lipolysis and thereby promoting the generation of free fatty acids that augment fusion. These in vitro findings are relevant to lipoprotein remodeling and fusion in vivo. In fact, fusion of LDL and VLDL enhances their retention in the arterial wall and, according to the response-to-retention hypothesis, triggers atherosclerosis. Therefore, enhanced fusion of triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins suggests a new causative link between elevated plasma triacylglycerol and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobini Jayaraman
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - Clive Baveghems
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Olivia R Chavez
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Andrea Rivas-Urbina
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), CIBERDEM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Sánchez-Quesada
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), CIBERDEM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Gursky
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Amyloidosis Treatment and Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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13
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Colom C, Viladés D, Pérez-Cuellar M, Leta R, Rivas-Urbina A, Carreras G, Ordóñez-Llanos J, Pérez A, Sánchez-Quesada JL. Associations between epicardial adipose tissue, subclinical atherosclerosis and high-density lipoprotein composition in type 1 diabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2018; 17:156. [PMID: 30526614 PMCID: PMC6284304 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-018-0794-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The pathophysiology of cardiovascular complications in people with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) remains unclear. An increase in epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and alterations in the composition of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) are associated with coronary artery disease, but information on its relationship in T1DM is very limited. Our aim was to determine the association between EAT volume, subclinical atherosclerosis, and HDL composition in type 1 diabetes. Methods Seventy-two long-term patients with T1DM without clinical atherosclerosis were analyzed. EAT volume and subclinical atherosclerosis were measured using cardiac computed tomography angiography. EAT was adjusted according to body surface to obtain an EAT index (iEAT). HDL composition was determined. Results The mean iEAT was 40.47 ± 22.18 cc/m2. The bivariate analysis showed positive associations of the iEAT with gender, age, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, body mass index, waist circumference, insulin dose, and triglyceride (P < 0.05). The iEAT correlated positively with small HDL, increased content of apolipoprotein (apo)A-II and apoC-III, and decreased content of apoE and free cholesterol. Multiple linear regression showed that age, apoA-II content in HDL, and waist circumference were independently associated with the iEAT. Fifty percent of the patients presented subclinical atherosclerotic lesions. These patients had a higher iEAT, and their HDL contained less cholesterol and more apoA-II and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 than patients without subclinical atherosclerosis. Conclusion Alterations in the composition of HDL in TIDM are associated with increased iEAT and the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis. We propose that these abnormalities of HDL composition could be useful to identify T1DM patients at highest cardiovascular risk. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12933-018-0794-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Colom
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Viladés
- Cardiac Imaging Unit, Cardiology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Pérez-Cuellar
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rubén Leta
- Cardiac Imaging Unit, Cardiology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Rivas-Urbina
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Carreras
- Pediatrics Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Ordóñez-Llanos
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Pérez
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBER of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain. .,Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jose Luis Sánchez-Quesada
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBER of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain.
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14
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Ligi D, Benitez S, Croce L, Rivas-Urbina A, Puig N, Ordóñez-Llanos J, Mannello F, Sanchez-Quesada JL. Electronegative LDL induces MMP-9 and TIMP-1 release in monocytes through CD14 activation: Inhibitory effect of glycosaminoglycan sulodexide. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:3559-3567. [PMID: 30254012 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Electronegative LDL (LDL(-)) is involved in atherosclerosis through the activation of the TLR4/CD14 inflammatory pathway in monocytes. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and their inhibitors (tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase [TIMP]) are also crucially involved in atherosclerosis, but their modulation by LDL(-) has never been investigated. The aim of this study was to examine the ability of LDL(-) to release MMPs and TIMPs in human monocytes and to determine whether sulodexide (SDX), a glycosaminoglycan-based drug, was able to affect their secretion. APPROACH AND RESULTS Native LDL (LDL(+)) and LDL(-) separated by anion-exchange chromatography were added to THP1-CD14 monocytes in the presence or absence of SDX for 24 h. A panel of 9 MMPs and 4 TIMPs was analyzed in cell supernatants with multiplex immunoassays. The gelatinolytic activity of MMP-9 was assessed by gelatin zymography. LDL(-) stimulated the release of MMP-9 (13-fold) and TIMP-1 (4-fold) in THP1-CD14 monocytes, as well as the gelatinolytic activity of MMP-9. Co-incubation of monocytes with LDL(-) and SDX for 24 h significantly reduced both the release of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 and gelatinase activity. In THP1 cells not expressing CD14, no effect of LDL(-) on MMP-9 or TIMP-1 release was observed. The uptake of DiI-labeled LDL(-) was higher than that of DiI-LDL(+) in THP1-CD14 but not in THP1 cells. This increase was inhibited by SDX. Experiments in microtiter wells coated with SDX demonstrated a specific interaction of LDL(-) with SDX. CONCLUSIONS LDL(-) induced the release of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in monocytes through CD14. SDX affects the ability of LDL(-) to promote TIMP-1 and MMP-9 release by its interaction with LDL(-).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Ligi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Section of Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University Carlo Bo Urbino, Italy
| | - Sonia Benitez
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain, C/Sant Antoni M. Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB). Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Lidia Croce
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Section of Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University Carlo Bo Urbino, Italy
| | - Andrea Rivas-Urbina
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain, C/Sant Antoni M. Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB). Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Núria Puig
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain, C/Sant Antoni M. Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB). Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Jordi Ordóñez-Llanos
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain, C/Sant Antoni M. Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB). Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Ferdinando Mannello
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Section of Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University Carlo Bo Urbino, Italy.
| | - Jose Luis Sanchez-Quesada
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain, C/Sant Antoni M. Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM).
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15
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Escola-gil J, Cedó L, Plana N, Metso J, García-León A, Sabaté S, Heras M, Santos D, Rivas-Urbina A, Lee-Rueckert M, Sánchez-Quesada J, Kovanen P, Jauhiainen M, Masana L, Blanco-Vaca F. Defective HDL remodeling and macrophage cholesterol efflux in adult and adolescent familial hypercholesterolemic patients. Atherosclerosis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.06.505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Rivas-Urbina A, Benitez S, Perez A, Sanchez-Quesada JL. Modified low-density lipoproteins as biomarkers in diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 2018; 23:1220-1240. [PMID: 28930596 DOI: 10.2741/4640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease of atherosclerotic origin is the main cause of death in diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. One of the mechanisms involved in such increased risk is the high incidence of lipoprotein modification in these pathologies. Increased glycosylation, oxidative stress or high non-esterified fatty acid levels in blood, among other factors, promote the modification and subsequent alteration of the properties of lipoproteins. Since the modification of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is the triggering factor in the development of atherosclerosis, considerable research has been focused on the quantification of modified LDLs in blood to be used as biomarkers of cardiovascular risk. The present review deals with the main molecular mechanisms involved in the modification of LDL in diabetes and metabolic syndrome and briefly describe the atherogenic effects that these modified LDLs exert on the arterial wall. The possibility of using the high levels of modified LDLs or their immunocomplexes as a predictive tool for cardiovascular risk in diabetes-related pathologies is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rivas-Urbina
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Benitez
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Perez
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Sanchez-Quesada
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain,
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17
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Cedó L, Santos D, Roglans N, Julve J, Pallarès V, Rivas-Urbina A, Llorente-Cortes V, Laguna JC, Blanco-Vaca F, Escolà-Gil JC. Human hepatic lipase overexpression in mice induces hepatic steatosis and obesity through promoting hepatic lipogenesis and white adipose tissue lipolysis and fatty acid uptake. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189834. [PMID: 29244870 PMCID: PMC5731695 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human hepatic lipase (hHL) is mainly localized on the hepatocyte cell surface where it hydrolyzes lipids from remnant lipoproteins and high density lipoproteins and promotes their hepatic selective uptake. Furthermore, hepatic lipase (HL) is closely associated with obesity in multiple studies. Therefore, HL may play a key role on lipid homeostasis in liver and white adipose tissue (WAT). In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of hHL expression on hepatic and white adipose triglyceride metabolism in vivo. Experiments were carried out in hHL transgenic and wild-type mice fed a Western-type diet. Triglyceride metabolism studies included β-oxidation and de novo lipogenesis in liver and WAT, hepatic triglyceride secretion, and adipose lipoprotein lipase (LPL)-mediated free fatty acid (FFA) lipolysis and influx. The expression of hHL promoted hepatic triglyceride accumulation and de novo lipogenesis without affecting triglyceride secretion, and this was associated with an upregulation of Srebf1 as well as the main genes controlling the synthesis of fatty acids. Transgenic mice also exhibited more adiposity and an increased LPL-mediated FFA influx into the WAT without affecting glucose tolerance. Our results demonstrate that hHL promoted hepatic steatosis in mice mainly by upregulating de novo lipogenesis. HL also upregulated WAT LPL and promoted triglyceride-rich lipoprotein hydrolysis and adipose FFA uptake. These data support the important role of hHL in regulating hepatic lipid homeostasis and confirm the broad cardiometabolic role of HL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lídia Cedó
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - David Santos
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Núria Roglans
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Julve
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular i Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victor Pallarès
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Rivas-Urbina
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular i Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicenta Llorente-Cortes
- Lipids and Cardiovascular Pathology Group. CSIC-ICCC-IIB-Sant Pau and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona (IibB)-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Carles Laguna
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Blanco-Vaca
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular i Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail: (FBV); (JCE-G)
| | - Joan Carles Escolà-Gil
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular i Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail: (FBV); (JCE-G)
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Rivas-Urbina A, Rull A, Güell-Bosch J, Lope-Piedrafita S, Villegas S, Escola JC, Ordóñez-Llanos J, Sánchez-Quesada JL. Apolipoprotein J mimetic peptide [113–122]apoj decreases weight gain in LDLR-KO mice under atherogenic diet by decreasing fat accumulation. Atherosclerosis 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.06.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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