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Previtali G, Alessio M, Seaman A, Wahl E, Mangat J, Nibecker J, Springfield O, Bentow C, Mahler M. T205 Clinical study of Aptiva anti-transglutaminase IgA reagent on patients with biopsy results. Clin Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.04.689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Mahler M, Malyavantham K, Seaman A, Bentow C, Anunciacion-Llunell A, Sanz-Martínez MT, Viñas-Gimenez L, Selva-O’Callaghan A. Profiling of Myositis Specific Antibodies and Composite Scores as an Aid in the Differential Diagnosis of Autoimmune Myopathies. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11122246. [PMID: 34943483 PMCID: PMC8699835 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11122246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Myositis specific antibodies (MSA) represent important diagnostic and stratification tools in idiopathic inflammatory myositis (IIM) patients. Here we aimed to evaluate the clinical performance of MSA profiled by a novel particle based multi-analyte technology (PMAT) in IIM and subsets thereof. (2) Methods: 264 IIM patients and 200 controls were tested for MSA using PMAT (Inova Diagnostics, research use only). Diagnostic performance was analyzed and composite scores were generated. (3) Results: The sensitivity/specificity of the individual MSA were: 19.7%/100% (Jo-1), 7.2%/100.0% (Mi-2), 3.0%/99.0% (NXP2), 3.8%/100.0% (SAE), 2.7%/100.0% (PL-7), 1.9%/99.5 (PL-12), 1.1%/100.0% (EJ), 15.5%/99.5% (TIF1γ), 8.3%/98.5% (MDA5), 6.1%/99.0% (HMGCR) and 1.9%/98.5% (SRP). Of all IIM patients, 180/264 tested positive for at least one of the MSAs. In the individual control group, 12/200 (6.0%) tested positive for at least one MSA, most of which had levels close to the cut-off (except one SRP and one PL-12). Only 6/264 (2.3%) IIM patients were positive for more than one antibody (MDA5/HMGCR, EJ/PL-7, 2 x MDA5/TIF1γ, EJ/SAE, SAE/TIF1γ). The overall sensitivity was 68.2% paired with a specificity of 94.0%, leading to an odds ratio of 33.8. The composite scores showed good discrimination between subgroups (e.g., anti-synthetase syndrome). (4) Conclusion: MSA, especially when combined in composite scores (here measured by PMAT), provide value in stratification of patients with IIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Mahler
- Research and Development, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego, CA 92131, USA; (K.M.); (A.S.); (C.B.)
- Correspondence: or
| | - Kishore Malyavantham
- Research and Development, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego, CA 92131, USA; (K.M.); (A.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Andrea Seaman
- Research and Development, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego, CA 92131, USA; (K.M.); (A.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Chelsea Bentow
- Research and Development, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego, CA 92131, USA; (K.M.); (A.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Ariadna Anunciacion-Llunell
- Autoimmune Systemic Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (A.A.-L.); (A.S.-O.)
| | - María Teresa Sanz-Martínez
- Immunology Department, Hospital Vall d’Hebrón, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (M.T.S.-M.); (L.V.-G.)
| | - Laura Viñas-Gimenez
- Immunology Department, Hospital Vall d’Hebrón, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (M.T.S.-M.); (L.V.-G.)
| | - Albert Selva-O’Callaghan
- Autoimmune Systemic Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (A.A.-L.); (A.S.-O.)
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Seaman A, King CA, Kaser T, Geduldig A, Ronan W, Cook R, Chan B, Levander XA, Priest KC, Korthuis PT. A hepatitis C elimination model in healthcare for the homeless organization: A novel reflexive laboratory algorithm and equity assessment. Int J Drug Policy 2021; 96:103359. [PMID: 34325969 PMCID: PMC8720290 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reaching World Health Organization hepatitis C (HCV) elimination targets requires diagnosis and treatment of people who use drugs (PWUD) with direct acting antivirals (DAAs). PWUD experience challenges engaging in HCV treatment, including needing multiple provider and laboratory appointments. Women, minoritized racial communities, and homeless individuals are less likely to complete treatment. METHODS We implemented a streamlined opt-out HCV screening and linkage-to-care program in two healthcare for the homeless clinics and a medically supported withdrawal center. Front-line staff initiated a single-order reflex laboratory bundle combining screening, confirmation, and pre-treatment laboratory evaluation from a single blood draw. Multinomial logistic regression models identified characteristics influencing movement through each stage of the HCV treatment cascade. Multiple logistic regression models identified patient characteristics associated with HCV care cascade progression and Cox proportional hazards models assessed time to initiation of DAAs. RESULTS Of 11,035 clients engaged in services between May 2017 and March 2020, 3,607 (32.7%) were screened. Of those screened, 1,020 (28.3%) were HCV PCR positive. Of those with detectable RNA, 712 (69.8%) initiated treatment and 670 (94.1%) completed treatment. Of those initiating treatment, 407 (57.2%) achieved SVR12. There were eight treatment failures and six reinfections. In the unadjusted model, the bundle intervention was associated with increased care cascade progression, and in the survival analysis, decreased time to initiation; these differences were attenuated in the adjusted model. Women were less likely to complete treatment and SVR12 labs than men. Homelessness increased likelihood of screening and diagnosis but was negatively associated with completing SVR12 labs. Presence of opioid and stimulant use disorder diagnoses predicted increased care cascade progression. CONCLUSIONS The laboratory bundle and referral pathways improved treatment initiation, time to initiation, and movement across the cascade. Despite overall population improvements, women and homeless individuals experienced important gaps across the HCV care cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Seaman
- Department of Medicine, Section of Addiction Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States; Hepatitis C Elimination Program, Central City Concern, Portland, Oregon, United States.
| | - C A King
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - T Kaser
- Hepatitis C Elimination Program, Central City Concern, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - A Geduldig
- Hepatitis C Elimination Program, Central City Concern, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - W Ronan
- Hepatitis C Elimination Program, Central City Concern, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - R Cook
- Department of Medicine, Section of Addiction Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - B Chan
- Department of Medicine, Section of Addiction Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States; Hepatitis C Elimination Program, Central City Concern, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - X A Levander
- Department of Medicine, Section of Addiction Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - K C Priest
- School of Medicine, MD/PhD Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - P T Korthuis
- Department of Medicine, Section of Addiction Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
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Radin M, Foddai S, Cecchi I, Rubini E, Barinotti A, Mahler M, Seaman A, Ramirez C, Casas S, Roccatello D, Sciascia S. Improving the clinical accuracy in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies using anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin and anti-beta2 glycoprotein I domain and particle-based multi-analyte technology. Thromb Res 2021; 202:100-103. [PMID: 33798802 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2021.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Radin
- Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases- Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Italy.
| | - Silvia Foddai
- Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases- Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Italy; School of Specialization of Clinical Pathology, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Irene Cecchi
- Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases- Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Rubini
- Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases- Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Alice Barinotti
- Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases- Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Dario Roccatello
- Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases- Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Italy; Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Savino Sciascia
- Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases- Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Italy; Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, University of Turin, Italy
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Radin M, Cecchi I, Foddai SG, Rubini E, Barinotti A, Ramirez C, Seaman A, Roccatello D, Mahler M, Sciascia S. Validation of the Particle-Based Multi-Analyte Technology for Detection of Anti-PhosphatidylSerine/Prothrombin Antibodies. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120622. [PMID: 33348782 PMCID: PMC7766094 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Among “extra-criteria” antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies, anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin (aPS/PT) antibodies, are considered a part of risk assessment strategies when investigating patients suspected of having antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). aPL detection is currently performed by solid-phase assays to identify anti-cardiolipin (aCL), anti-β2glycoprotein I (aβ2GPI) and aPS/PT antibodies, but new techniques are emerging. Among these, particle-based multi-analyte technology (PMAT), which allows the full automation and simultaneous digital detection of autoantibodies and proteins, including IgG, IgA and IgM isotypes of aCL, aβ2GPI and aPS/PT. The aim of this study was to investigate the agreement of aPS/PT testing between enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the PMAT platform. A total of 94 patients were enrolled in the study, including 71 patients with confirmed APS and 23 “aPL carriers”. aPS/PT IgG showed a moderate binomial agreement between ELISA and PMAT (k = 0.57, 95% CI 0.45–0.75), and aPS/PT IgM showed a moderate agreement (k = 0.60, 95% CI 0.45–0.75). Moreover, when considering the continuous agreement, both aPS/PT IgG and IgM showed a statistically significant correlation between ELISA and PMAT (Spearman’s correlation = 0.69, p < 0.001 and 0.72, p < 0.001, respectively). This study demonstrates that PMAT technology is a reliable method for aPS/PT IgG and IgM testing when compared to the available commercial ELISA kit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Radin
- Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d’Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10154 Turin, Italy; (M.R.); (I.C.); (S.G.F.); (E.R.); (A.B.); (D.R.)
| | - Irene Cecchi
- Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d’Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10154 Turin, Italy; (M.R.); (I.C.); (S.G.F.); (E.R.); (A.B.); (D.R.)
| | - Silvia Grazietta Foddai
- Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d’Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10154 Turin, Italy; (M.R.); (I.C.); (S.G.F.); (E.R.); (A.B.); (D.R.)
- School of Specialization of Clinical Pathology, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Rubini
- Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d’Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10154 Turin, Italy; (M.R.); (I.C.); (S.G.F.); (E.R.); (A.B.); (D.R.)
| | - Alice Barinotti
- Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d’Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10154 Turin, Italy; (M.R.); (I.C.); (S.G.F.); (E.R.); (A.B.); (D.R.)
| | - Carlos Ramirez
- Inova Diagnostics, San Diego, CA 92131, USA; (C.R.); (A.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Andrea Seaman
- Inova Diagnostics, San Diego, CA 92131, USA; (C.R.); (A.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Dario Roccatello
- Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d’Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10154 Turin, Italy; (M.R.); (I.C.); (S.G.F.); (E.R.); (A.B.); (D.R.)
- Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, University of Turin, 10154 Turin, Italy
| | - Michael Mahler
- Inova Diagnostics, San Diego, CA 92131, USA; (C.R.); (A.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Savino Sciascia
- Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d’Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10154 Turin, Italy; (M.R.); (I.C.); (S.G.F.); (E.R.); (A.B.); (D.R.)
- Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, University of Turin, 10154 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence: mail
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Sciascia S, Radin M, Ramirez C, Seaman A, Bentow C, Casas S, Cecchi I, Rubini E, Foddai SG, Baldovino S, Fenoglio R, Menegatti E, Roccatello D, Mahler M. Evaluation of novel assays for the detection of autoantibodies in antiphospholipid syndrome. Autoimmun Rev 2020; 19:102641. [PMID: 32801044 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) present with clinical features of recurrent thrombosis and pregnancy morbidity and persistently test positive for the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). At least one clinical (vascular thrombosis or pregnancy morbidity) and one lab-based (positive test result for lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibodies and/or anti-β2-glycoprotein 1 antibodies) criterion have to be met for a patient to be classified as having APS. Nevertheless, the clinical variety of APS encompasses additional signs and symptoms, potentially affecting any organ, that cannot be explained exclusively by a prothrombotic state. Those manifestations, also known as extra-criteria manifestations, include haematologic (thrombocytopenia and haemolytic anaemia), neurologic (chorea, myelitis and migraine) manifestations as well as the presence of livedo reticularis, nephropathy and valvular heart disease. The growing body of evidence describing the clinical aspect of the syndrome has been paralleled over the years by emerging research interest focusing on the development of novel biomarkers that might improve the diagnostic accuracy for APS when compared to the current aPL tests. This review will focus on the clinical utility of extra-criteria aPL specificities. Besides, the promising role of a new technology using particle based multi-analyte testing that supports aPL panel algorithm testing will be discussed. Diagnostic approaches to difficult cases, including real-world case studies investigating the diagnostic added value of extra criteria aPL, particularly anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin, will also be examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savino Sciascia
- Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases- Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, SCDU Nephrology and Dialysis, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Piazza del Donatore di Sangue 3, 10154 Turin, Italy.
| | - Massimo Radin
- Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases- Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, SCDU Nephrology and Dialysis, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Piazza del Donatore di Sangue 3, 10154 Turin, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Irene Cecchi
- Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases- Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, SCDU Nephrology and Dialysis, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Piazza del Donatore di Sangue 3, 10154 Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Rubini
- Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases- Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, SCDU Nephrology and Dialysis, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Piazza del Donatore di Sangue 3, 10154 Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Grazietta Foddai
- Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases- Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, SCDU Nephrology and Dialysis, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Piazza del Donatore di Sangue 3, 10154 Turin, Italy
| | - Simone Baldovino
- Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases- Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, SCDU Nephrology and Dialysis, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Piazza del Donatore di Sangue 3, 10154 Turin, Italy
| | - Roberta Fenoglio
- Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases- Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, SCDU Nephrology and Dialysis, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Piazza del Donatore di Sangue 3, 10154 Turin, Italy
| | - Elisa Menegatti
- Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases- Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, SCDU Nephrology and Dialysis, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Piazza del Donatore di Sangue 3, 10154 Turin, Italy
| | - Dario Roccatello
- Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases- Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, SCDU Nephrology and Dialysis, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Piazza del Donatore di Sangue 3, 10154 Turin, Italy
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Villalta D, Seaman A, Tiongson M, Warren C, Bentow C, Bizzaro N, Alessio MG, Porcelli B, Norman GL, Mahler M. Evaluation of a novel extended automated particle-based multi-analyte assay for the detection of autoantibodies in the diagnosis of primary biliary cholangitis. Clin Chem Lab Med 2020; 58:1499-1507. [PMID: 32286240 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2020-0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Anti-mitochondrial autoantibodies (AMA) detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) on rodent tissues are the diagnostic marker of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). However, up to 15% of patients with PBC are AMA-negative by IIF. In the effort to close the serological gap and improve the diagnostic sensitivity of PBC testing, recently, novel autoantibodies specific for PBC, such as kelch-like 12 (KLHL12, KLp epitope) and hexokinase 1 (HK1) have been described. In this study, we evaluated the autoantibody profile in a large cohort of PBC patients and in patients with other liver disease, including anti-HK1 and anti-KLp autoantibodies. Methods Sera of 194 PBC patients (126 AMA-IIF-positive and 68 AMA-IIF-negative) and 138 disease controls were tested for a panel of PBC-specific antibodies (MIT3, sp100, gp210, HK1, KLp) using a new automated particle-based multi-analyte technology (PMAT) assay on the Aptiva instrument (Inova). Results Selecting a cutoff yielding a specificity of >95% for all the markers, the sensitivity for anti-MIT3, anti-sp100, anti-gp210, anti-HK1 and anti-KLp in the PBC AMA-IIF-negative cohort was 20.6%, 16.2%, 23.5%, 22.0%, 17.6 and 13.2%, respectively. Six out of the 68 (8.8%) AMA-IIF negative sera were positive for anti-HK1 or anti-KLp alone. Using these new markers in addition to anti-MIT3, anti-sp100 and anti-gp210, the overall sensitivity in this cohort of AMA-IIF-negative patients increased from 53% to 61.8%, reducing the serological gap in AMA-negative PBC patients. Conclusions PBC antibody profiling, made possible by the new Aptiva-PMAT technology, allows recognition of a higher number of AMA-negative PBC patients than conventional immunoassays and may represent a useful tool to evaluate the prognostic significance of autoantibody association in PBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Villalta
- Immunologia e Allergologia, Ospedale S. Maria degli Angeli, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Andrea Seaman
- Research and Development, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Charles Warren
- Research and Development, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Chelsea Bentow
- Research and Development, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Nicola Bizzaro
- Laboratorio di Patologia Clinica, Ospedale S. Antonio, Tolmezzo (UD), via M.L. King 25, 30027 San Donà di Piave (Venice), Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Alessio
- Dipartimento di Patologia Clinica, Laboratorio Analisi, AO Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Brunetta Porcelli
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Siena, Italy
| | - Gary L Norman
- Research and Development, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Michael Mahler
- Research and Development, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego, CA, USA
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Richards M, García-De La Torre I, González-Bello YC, Vázquez-Del Mercado M, Andrade-Ortega L, Medrano-Ramírez G, Navarro-Zarza JE, Maradiaga-Ceceña M, Loyo E, Rojo-Mejía A, Gómez G, Seaman A, Fritzler MJ, Koenig M, Mahler M. Autoantibodies to Mi-2 alpha and Mi-2 beta in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2020; 58:1655-1661. [PMID: 30938432 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to compare the results obtained from different assays for the detection of anti-Mi-2 antibodies, which are important markers in the diagnosis of DM. METHODS The study included 82 patients (68 females/14 males), most of whom had DM (n = 57), followed by PM (n = 16) and juvenile DM (n = 9). All samples were tested using a novel particle-based multi-analyte technology (PMAT) (Inova Diagnostics, research use only) in parallel with a line immunoassay (LIA: Euroimmun). To assess clinical specificity for the PMAT assay, a total of 775 disease and healthy controls were tested. RESULTS 29 samples were positive by at least one test for anti-Mi-2 antibodies. Of those, 24 were Mi-2β LIA+, five were Mi-2α LIA+ and 23 Mi-2 PMAT+. The comparison shows varying agreement between the different methods (kappa 0.27-0.77). When LIA results were used as reference for receiver operating characteristics analysis, high area under the curve values were found for both PMAT vs LIA Mi-2α and LIA Mi-2β. When analysing the results in the context of the myositis phenotype, PMAT associated closest with the DM phenotype. In the control group, 3/775 controls (all low levels) were anti-Mi-2+ resulting in a sensitivity and specificity of 28.1% and 99.6%, respectively. CONCLUSION Overall, good agreement was found between LIA and PMAT for anti-Mi-2 antibodies, which is important for the standardization of autoantibodies. Anti-Mi-2β antibodies measured by PMAT tend be more highly associated with the clinical phenotype of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ignacio García-De La Torre
- Departamento de Inmunología y Reumatología, Hospital General de Occidente and University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco
| | - Yelitza C González-Bello
- Departamento de Reumatología Centro de Estudios, de Investigación Básica y Clínica, S.C., Guadalajara, Jalisco
| | | | | | | | | | - Marco Maradiaga-Ceceña
- Departamento de Reumatología Hospital General de Culiacán, 'Dr Bernardo Gastelum', S.S., Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Esthela Loyo
- Servicio de Reumatología e Inmunología, Clínica Hospital Regional Universitario 'José Ma. Cabral y Báez', Santiago, Rep. Dominicana
| | | | - Graciela Gómez
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Invest. Médicas, Alfredo Lanari, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Seaman
- Research and Development, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Marvin J Fritzler
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Martial Koenig
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michael Mahler
- Research and Development, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego, CA, USA
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Mahler M, Betteridge Z, Bentow C, Richards M, Seaman A, Chinoy H, McHugh N. Comparison of Three Immunoassays for the Detection of Myositis Specific Antibodies. Front Immunol 2019; 10:848. [PMID: 31114570 PMCID: PMC6503053 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Standardization of myositis specific antibody (MSA) detection is of high importance because these antibodies are relevant for diagnosis and stratification of patients with idiopathic inflammatory myositis (IIM) and have the potential to be used in classification criteria. Many laboratories rely on immunoprecipitation (IP) for the detection of MSA but this approach is compromised by logistic, standardization, and regulatory challenges. Therefore, reliable alternatives to IP are mandatory. Here we aimed to compare three methods for the detection of MSA. Methods: Our study initiated from a cohort of 1,619 IIM patients (BIRD/University of Bath serology service and UKMyoNet cohorts) and resulted in 157 unique serum samples enriched for higher prevalence of MSA characterized by the laboratory's routine methods, IP and line immunoassay (LIA: Euroimmun). All samples were tested using a novel fully automated particle-based multi-analyte technology (PMAT, Inova Diagnostics, research use only). Analyses included antibodies to PL-7, PL-12, SRP, NXP2, Mi-2, SAE, EJ, MDA5, TIF1γ, SRP, NXP2. Results: Overall high agreements were observed between novel methods (LIA and PMAT) and IP (Cohen's kappa 0.46–0.96) for the detection of MSA. Lowest level of agreement was found for EJ and highest for SAE. Conclusion: The data hold promise for advancements in standardization of MSA assays as well as for the potential inclusion of MSA in future classification criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zoe Betteridge
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Andrea Seaman
- Inova Diagnostics, Inc., San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Hector Chinoy
- Rheumatology Department, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford, United Kingdom.,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Neil McHugh
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
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Seaman A. CAREGIVING ACROSS THE GAP: MALE CAREGIVERS AND FEMALE CAREGIVING. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.4743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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López-Hoyos M, Álvarez-Rodríguez L, Mahler M, Torices S, Calvo-Alén J, Villa I, Seaman A, Yee A, Martínez-Taboada V. Anti-carbamylated protein antibodies in patients with ageing associated inflammatory chronic disorders. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2015; 55:764-6. [PMID: 26615029 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kev391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lorena Álvarez-Rodríguez
- Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | | | - Silvia Torices
- Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Jaime Calvo-Alén
- Rheumatology Service, Hospital Sierrallana, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla Torrelavega, Spain
| | - Ignacio Villa
- Rheumatology Service, Hospital Sierrallana, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla Torrelavega, Spain
| | | | - Alvin Yee
- Inova Diagnostics, San Diego, CA, USA and
| | - Victor Martínez-Taboada
- Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
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Infantino M, Bentow C, Seaman A, Benucci M, Atzeni F, Sarzi-Puttini P, Olivito B, Meacci F, Manfredi M, Mahler M. Highlights on novel technologies for the detection of antibodies to Ro60, Ro52, and SS-B. Clin Dev Immunol 2013; 2013:978202. [PMID: 24376466 PMCID: PMC3860079 DOI: 10.1155/2013/978202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to compare a chemiluminescent immunoassay (CIA, QUANTA Flash) on BIO-FLASH with a multiplex flow immunoassay (MFI) on BioPlex 2200 for the detection of antibodies to Ro60, Ro52, and SS-B. METHODS The study included 241 samples, from patients suffering from systemic autoimmune diseases (n = 108) as well as disease controls (n = 133). All samples were tested for anti-Ro52, anti-Ro60, and anti-SS-B (La) antibodies on QUANTA Flash (INOVA Diagnostics, San Diego, USA) and BioPlex 2200 (Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc., Hercules, USA). Discrepant samples were tested by two independent methods: BlueDot/ANA and QUANTRIX Microarray (both D-tek, Belgium). RESULTS The overall qualitative agreements were 95.4% (95% confidence interval, CI 92.0-97.7%) for anti-Ro52, 98.8% (95% CI 96.4-99.7%) for anti-Ro60, and 91.7% (95% CI 87.5-94.9%) for anti-SS-B antibodies. There were 34 discrepant samples among all assays (20 anti-SS-B, 11 anti-Ro52, 3 anti-Ro60). 30/33 of retested samples (by D-tek dot blot) agreed with the QUANTA Flash results. Similar findings were obtained with QUANTRIX Microarray kit. CONCLUSION QUANTA Flash and BioPlex 2200 show good qualitative agreement. The clinical performances were similar for anti-Ro52 and anti-Ro60 autoantibodies while differences were observed for anti-SS-B (La) antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Infantino
- Immunology and Allergology Laboratory Unit, Azienda Sanitaria di Firenze, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - C. Bentow
- Department of Research, INOVA Diagnostics Inc., 9900 Old Grove Road, San Diego, CA 92131-1638, USA
| | - A. Seaman
- Department of Research, INOVA Diagnostics Inc., 9900 Old Grove Road, San Diego, CA 92131-1638, USA
| | - M. Benucci
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - F. Atzeni
- Rheumatology Unit, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - B. Olivito
- Immunology and Allergology Laboratory Unit, Azienda Sanitaria di Firenze, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - F. Meacci
- Immunology and Allergology Laboratory Unit, Azienda Sanitaria di Firenze, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - M. Manfredi
- Immunology and Allergology Laboratory Unit, Azienda Sanitaria di Firenze, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - M. Mahler
- Department of Research, INOVA Diagnostics Inc., 9900 Old Grove Road, San Diego, CA 92131-1638, USA
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Fry WE, McGrath MT, Seaman A, Zitter TA, McLeod A, Danies G, Small IM, Myers K, Everts K, Gevens AJ, Gugino BK, Johnson SB, Judelson H, Ristaino J, Roberts P, Secor G, Seebold K, Snover-Clift K, Wyenandt A, Grünwald NJ, Smart CD. The 2009 Late Blight Pandemic in the Eastern United States - Causes and Results. Plant Dis 2013; 97:296-306. [PMID: 30722376 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-08-12-0791-fe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The tomato late blight pandemic of 2009 made late blight into a household term in much of the eastern United States. Many home gardeners and many organic producers lost most if not all of their tomato crop, and their experiences were reported in the mainstream press. Some CSAs (Community Supported Agriculture) could not provide tomatoes to their members. In response, many questions emerged: How did it happen? What was unusual about this event compared to previous late blight epidemics? What is the current situation in 2012 and what can be done? It's easiest to answer these questions, and to understand the recent epidemics of late blight, if one knows a bit of the history of the disease and the biology of the causal agent, Phytophthora infestans.
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Affiliation(s)
- W E Fry
- Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | | | | | | | - A McLeod
- University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | | | | | - K Myers
- Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - K Everts
- University of Maryland, Salisbury
| | | | - B K Gugino
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | - S B Johnson
- University of Maine Cooperative Extension, Presque Isle
| | | | - J Ristaino
- North Carolina State University, Raleigh
| | | | - G Secor
- North Dakota State University, Fargo
| | | | | | - A Wyenandt
- Rutgers Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Bridgeton, NJ
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Mahler M, Seaman A, Csernok E, Damoiseaux J, Sinico RA, Radice A, Cui Z, Vizjak A, Burlingame RW. Performance of a novel chemiluminescence assay for the detection of anti-pr3, anti-MPO and anti-GBM autoantibodies. Pathology 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0031-3025(16)32783-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Mahler M, Radice A, Sinico RA, Damoiseaux J, Seaman A, Buckmelter K, Vizjak A, Buchner C, Binder WL, Fritzler MJ, Cui Z. Performance evaluation of a novel chemiluminescence assay for detection of anti-GBM antibodies: an international multicenter study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2011; 27:243-52. [PMID: 21562146 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfr203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoantibodies to the non-collagen region (NC1) of the alpha-3 subunit of collagen IV represent a serological hallmark in the diagnosis of Goodpasture's syndrome (GPS). The objective of our study was to carefully analyze the performance characteristics of a novel anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) chemiluminescence immunoassay (CIA). METHODS Sera from patients with GPS (n = 90) were collected from four clinical centers. Samples from different disease groups (n = 397) and healthy individuals (n = 400) were used as controls. All samples were tested for anti-GBM antibodies by a rapid, random access CIA (QUANTA Flash™ GBM). Most of the samples were also tested using other methods including different commercial anti-GBM IgG assays and research assays for anti-GBM IgA and IgM. RESULTS The sensitivity and specificity of the novel CIA was 95.6% [95% confidence interval (CI) 89.0-98.8%] and 99.6% (95% CI 98.9-99.9%), respectively. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed good discrimination between GPS patients and controls. The area under the curve was 0.98 (CI 0.96-1.0). The three anti-GBM antibody-positive samples from the control group were from two healthy individuals and one human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patient. All three individuals had low levels of anti-GBM antibodies [20, 24 and 25 chemiluminescent unit (CU), cutoff 20 CU]. When the results of the new CIA were compared to other methods, good agreement was observed: 95.8% (kappa = 0.92) versus EliA™ GBM, 97.4% (kappa = 0.95) versus both BINDAZYME™ Anti-GBM and QUANTA Lite® GBM. Anti-GBM IgA was detectable in low concentrations in patients with GPS and was associated with anti-GBM IgG but was less useful in discriminating GPS patients and controls. No discrimination was found for anti-GBM IgM. CONCLUSION The novel QUANTA Flash™ GBM CIA demonstrated good sensitivity and specificity and had good agreement with other methods. Our data confirm that ∼5% of patients with GPS do not have detectable levels of anti-GBM antibodies.
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Anagnostopoulos GD, Seaman A, Woodbine M. Studies on the Heat Resistance of Bacteria, with Particular Reference to the GenusMicrobacterium: I. A New Technique using Solid Media. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1964.tb04907.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Basher HA, Fowler DR, Seaman A, Woodbine M. Intra-cellular and extra-cellular growth of L. monocytogenes in chick embryo fibroblast cell culture. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg A 1985; 260:51-6. [PMID: 3933211 DOI: 10.1016/s0176-6724(85)80097-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The growth of L. monocytogenes in isolated chick embryo fibroblast cell culture was studied. Hanks balanced salt solution and Eagles minimal essential medium were shown to support a limited growth of L. monocytogenes. Extra-cellular growth on the maintenance medium occurs for 48 h prior to the establishment of intra-cellular organisms. As the uptake of the parasite by the cell culture takes place, intra-cellular replication begins with subsequent release of the organisms into the surrounding medium. The organism continues to replicate intra-cellularly until all the cell culture is destroyed.
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Basher HA, Fowler DR, Seaman A, Woodbine M. The effect of progesterone on the growth and virulence of Listeria monocytogenes. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg A 1985; 259:351-8. [PMID: 3931390 DOI: 10.1016/s0176-6724(85)80037-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Progesterone was examined for action on the virulence of Listeria monocytogenes and the toxicity of its haemolysin. Progesterone at concentrations between 5 and 20 micrograms/ml reduced the numbers of L. monocytogenes over the first two hours of growth. Virulence and haemolysin toxicity were assessed using the allantoic sac route of inoculation into embryonated hens eggs. Increasing the concentrations of progesterone in the culture medium resulted in a decrease in the mortality of chick embryos inoculated with either organisms, or cell-free extracts or purified haemolysin. Progesterone had no effect on the lethality of pre-formed haemolysin.
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Basher HA, Fowler DR, Rodgers FG, Seaman A, Woodbine M. Role of haemolysin and temperature in the pathogenesis of Listeria monocytogenes in fertile hens' eggs. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg A 1984; 258:223-31. [PMID: 6442508 DOI: 10.1016/s0176-6724(84)80040-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The haemolysin produced by Listeria monocytogenes at 37 degrees C and 4 degrees C was examined in fertile hens' eggs. Organisms, cell free extracts and purified haemolysin derived from broth cultures grown at the lower temperature were more pathogenic for chick embryos, induced higher mortality with toxic changes in the embryos. These effects were most pronounced with the purified haemolysin as shown by LD50 determinations and following inoculation of constant haemolytic doses. Pathological changes induced by the haemolysin included sub-cutaneous haemorrhage due to endothelial damage, hepatosplenomegaly with macroscopic and histological lesions in heart, spleen and liver in the absence of an inflammatory response. At the cellular level, the myocardial tissue, and hepatocyte structure were destroyed with intravascular haemolysis, fatty degeneration of mitochondria, dilation of endoplasmic reticulum and distortion of liver cell nuclear membranes evident. The mortality and morphological data showed an increase in virulence for Listeria after culture at 4 degrees C compared with 37 degrees C and suggested a more cytotoxic component of the haemolysin which was activated at lower temperatures.
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Al-Issa M, Fowler DR, Seaman A, Woodbine M. Role of lipid in butylatedhydroxyanisole (BHA) resistance of Listeria monocytogenes. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg A 1984; 258:42-50. [PMID: 6441388 DOI: 10.1016/s0176-6724(84)80007-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The lipid content of Listeria monocytogenes 5214m was increased by successive subculturing in a glycerol medium. Fattened cells showed considerably greater resistance to Butylatedhydroxyanisole (BHA). Polar lipids and fatty acid composition of four cultures with different BHA sensitivity were analysed. They are basically similar but the resistant cultures had a lower percentage of unsaturated and anteiso to saturated and iso fatty acids.
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Basher HA, Fowler DR, Rodgers FG, Seaman A, Woodbine M. Pathogenesis and growth of Listeria monocytogenes in fertile hens' eggs. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg A 1984; 256:477-509. [PMID: 6429979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The LD50 for 15-day old chicken embryos inoculated with Listeria monocytogenes into the allantoic sac was determined. The growth cycle of the organism was investigated in different tissues and fluids derived from embryonated eggs following inoculation with a suspension of L. monocytogenes equivalent to the LD50. Eggs receiving doses of 100 and 1000 times the LD50 were used to examine the effect of high doses on the pathogenesis and growth of Listeria in ovo. The pattern of growth of the organism in embryonic blood showed two distinct peaks and correlated with these was the development of large and small pock lesions on the chorioallantoic membrane. Bacterial growth in the internal organs exhibited a single peak. Histological and electron microscopic evidence indicated that the primary cellular damage was due to a soluble haemolysin present prior to the establishment of the organism within the tissues.
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Basher HA, Fowler DR, Rodgers FG, Seaman A, Woodbine M. Pathogenicity of natural and experimental listeriosis in newly hatched chicks. Res Vet Sci 1984; 36:76-80. [PMID: 6424196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenicity of Listeria monocytogenes for newly hatched chickens exposed to natural infection was examined. Organisms entered through the alimentary tract and dissemination followed bacteraemia. Among a number of symptoms recorded were unilateral and bilateral toe paralysis. In addition to gross abnormalities in the following tissues, histological lesions were seen in the liver, spleen, heart and kidneys of all infected chicks but brain lesions were observed only in birds with central nervous system involvement. The organism was recovered from some tissues derived from apparently healthy chicks as well as those with listeriosis. The use of trypsin in the isolation process increased the probability of a positive result from tissues, reduced the storage time needed and had no adverse effect on the rate of organism growth.
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Basher HA, Seaman A, Woodbine M. Infection, haemorrhagia and death of chick embryos experimentally inoculated with Listeria monocytogenes by the intra-allantoic route. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg A Med Mikrobiol Infekt Parasitol 1983; 255:239-46. [PMID: 6417944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
When allantoic sacs of embryonated (SPF) chicken eggs were inoculated with different doses to investigate the pathogenicity of two strains of Listeria monocytogens (4379 and NCTC 5214), infection resulted which spread rapidly throughout the embryonated eggs. When low doses were used small pock lesions on the chorio-allantoic membrane (CAM), generalized haemorrhage (especially on the head region) and deaths of the embryos with necrotic foci on the liver and heart were observed. Neither the pock lesions nor the haemorrhage were detected in embryos dying from high doses of the bacterium. Bacteria were recovered from the CAM's, allantoic fluids, amniotic fluids and selected organs of the dead embryos. The pathogenicity was shown to be strain dependent, strain 4379 being more pathogenic than strain NCTC 5214. In vitro studies indicated that brain homogenates of uninoculated chicken embryos are not inhibitory to Listeria monocytogenes at 37 degrees C and will increase the viable count.
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Seaman A. Thornton's meat hygiene. Meat Sci 1982; 7:323. [DOI: 10.1016/0309-1740(82)90060-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
Phages for coagulase-negative staphylococci were adsorbed to heat-killed cells. The phages showed equal affinities for all the cells, which appeared to have an equal number of binding sites for all the phages tested. This number is estimated at 1.2 x 10(6) sites/cell. Competition for binding sites could be demonstrated between a pair of phages. It is concluded that coagulase-negative staphylococci have only a single series of binding sites for phage, probably the outer 20% or so of the wall teichoic acids. These organisms therefore bind all 'coagulase-negative' phages whether or not they are sensitive to them.
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Khan MA, Seaman A, Woodbine M. Immunofluorescent identification of Listeria monocytogenes. Zentralbl Bakteriol Orig A 1977; 239:62-9. [PMID: 413282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A fluorescent antibody technique for the rapid diagnosis and identification of L. monocytogenes in smears, impression smears from tissues of animals dead from listeriosis, and in meat and milk is described. The technique could well be exploited for detecting L. monocytogenes in meat and meat products, animal tissues, and in milk provided that it is supplemented with adequate controls. The technique has been compared with conventional cultural technique and found to be superior as far as the time factor is concerned. The use of the technique also demonstrates the possibility of actually determining the serological type concurrently.
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Khan MA, Seaman A, Woodbine M. Differential media in the isolation of Listeria monocytogenes. Zentralbl Bakteriol Orig A 1973; 224:362-75. [PMID: 4147700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Khan MA, Seaman A, Woodbine M. The pathogenicity of Listeria monocytogenes. Zentralbl Bakteriol Orig A 1973; 224:355-61. [PMID: 4147699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Khan MA, Palmas CV, Seaman A, Woodbine M. Survival versus growth of a facultative psychrotroph meat and products of meat. Zentralbl Bakteriol Orig B 1973; 157:277-82. [PMID: 4200196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Yates AR, Seaman A, Woodbine M. Erratum: Ascospore germination in Byssochlamys nivea. Can J Microbiol 1968. [DOI: 10.1139/m68-168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Abstract
Germination of the ascospores of Byssochlamys nivea required a heat shock at 75° for 5 min, and acetate ion. Aeration and pH 4.0–4.5 further enhanced germination. No other trichloroacetic acid cycle compounds were stimulatory, and a survey of 18 amino acids and a number of miscellaneous compounds did not reveal any other germination factors. Extreme variation throughout the investigation suggested that other undisclosed factors were involved.
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