1
|
Yale AR, Kim E, Gutierrez B, Hanamoto JN, Lav NS, Nourse JL, Salvatus M, Hunt RF, Monuki ES, Flanagan LA. Regulation of neural stem cell differentiation and brain development by MGAT5-mediated N-glycosylation. Stem Cell Reports 2023:S2213-6711(23)00141-8. [PMID: 37172586 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Undifferentiated neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPCs) encounter extracellular signals that bind plasma membrane proteins and influence differentiation. Membrane proteins are regulated by N-linked glycosylation, making it possible that glycosylation plays a critical role in cell differentiation. We assessed enzymes that control N-glycosylation in NSPCs and found that loss of the enzyme responsible for generating β1,6-branched N-glycans, N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (MGAT5), led to specific changes in NSPC differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Mgat5 homozygous null NSPCs in culture formed more neurons and fewer astrocytes compared with wild-type controls. In the brain cerebral cortex, loss of MGAT5 caused accelerated neuronal differentiation. Rapid neuronal differentiation led to depletion of cells in the NSPC niche, resulting in a shift in cortical neuron layers in Mgat5 null mice. Glycosylation enzyme MGAT5 plays a critical and previously unrecognized role in cell differentiation and early brain development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Yale
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Estelle Kim
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Brenda Gutierrez
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - J Nicole Hanamoto
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Nicole S Lav
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jamison L Nourse
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Marc Salvatus
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Robert F Hunt
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Edwin S Monuki
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Lisa A Flanagan
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Perebikovsky A, Hwu AT, Yale AR, Ghazinejad M, Madou M. Nanofibrous Carbon Multifunctional Smart Scaffolds for Simultaneous Cell Differentiation and Dopamine Detection. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 6:225-234. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Perebikovsky
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, 4129 Frederick Reines Hall, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Alexander T. Hwu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 916 Engineering Tower, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Andrew R. Yale
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, B240 Med Sci, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Maziar Ghazinejad
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 4200 Engineering Gateway, Irvine, California 92697, United States
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 041, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Marc Madou
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, 4129 Frederick Reines Hall, Irvine, California 92697, United States
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 4200 Engineering Gateway, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jiang AYL, Yale AR, Aghaamoo M, Lee DH, Lee AP, Adams TNG, Flanagan LA. High-throughput continuous dielectrophoretic separation of neural stem cells. Biomicrofluidics 2019; 13:064111. [PMID: 31737160 PMCID: PMC6853802 DOI: 10.1063/1.5128797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We created an integrated microfluidic cell separation system that incorporates hydrophoresis and dielectrophoresis modules to facilitate high-throughput continuous cell separation. The hydrophoresis module consists of a serpentine channel with ridges and trenches to generate a diverging fluid flow that focuses cells into two streams along the channel edges. The dielectrophoresis module is composed of a chevron-shaped electrode array. Separation in the dielectrophoresis module is driven by inherent cell electrophysiological properties and does not require cell-type-specific labels. The chevron shape of the electrode array couples with fluid flow in the channel to enable continuous sorting of cells to increase throughput. We tested the new system with mouse neural stem cells since their electrophysiological properties reflect their differentiation capacity (e.g., whether they will differentiate into astrocytes or neurons). The goal of our experiments was to enrich astrocyte-biased cells. Sorting parameters were optimized for each batch of neural stem cells to ensure effective and consistent separations. The continuous sorting design of the device significantly improved sorting throughput and reproducibility. Sorting yielded two cell fractions, and we found that astrocyte-biased cells were enriched in one fraction and depleted from the other. This is an advantage of the new continuous sorting device over traditional dielectrophoresis-based sorting platforms that target a subset of cells for enrichment but do not provide a corresponding depleted population. The new microfluidic dielectrophoresis cell separation system improves label-free cell sorting by increasing throughput and delivering enriched and depleted cell subpopulations in a single sort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohammad Aghaamoo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2627, USA
| | - Do-Hyun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2627, USA
| | - Abraham P. Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2627, USA
| | - Tayloria N. G. Adams
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed:, Tel.: (949) 824-5786 and , Tel.: (949) 824-6726
| | - Lisa A. Flanagan
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed:, Tel.: (949) 824-5786 and , Tel.: (949) 824-6726
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yale AR, Nourse JL, Lee KR, Ahmed SN, Arulmoli J, Jiang AYL, McDonnell LP, Botten GA, Lee AP, Monuki ES, Demetriou M, Flanagan LA. Cell Surface N-Glycans Influence Electrophysiological Properties and Fate Potential of Neural Stem Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 11:869-882. [PMID: 30197120 PMCID: PMC6178213 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the cellular properties controlling neural stem and progenitor cell (NSPC) fate choice will improve their therapeutic potential. The electrophysiological measure whole-cell membrane capacitance reflects fate bias in the neural lineage but the cellular properties underlying membrane capacitance are poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that cell surface carbohydrates contribute to NSPC membrane capacitance and fate. We found NSPCs differing in fate potential express distinct patterns of glycosylation enzymes. Screening several glycosylation pathways revealed that the one forming highly branched N-glycans differs between neurogenic and astrogenic populations of cells in vitro and in vivo. Enhancing highly branched N-glycans on NSPCs significantly increases membrane capacitance and leads to the generation of more astrocytes at the expense of neurons with no effect on cell size, viability, or proliferation. These data identify the N-glycan branching pathway as a significant regulator of membrane capacitance and fate choice in the neural lineage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Yale
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jamison L Nourse
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Kayla R Lee
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Syed N Ahmed
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Janahan Arulmoli
- Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Alan Y L Jiang
- Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Lisa P McDonnell
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Giovanni A Botten
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Abraham P Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Edwin S Monuki
- Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Michael Demetriou
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Lisa A Flanagan
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Donovan LJ, Cha SE, Yale AR, Dreikorn S, Miyamoto A. Identification of a functional proprotein convertase cleavage site in microfibril-associated glycoprotein 2. Matrix Biol 2012. [PMID: 23201136 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2012.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Microfibril-associated glycoprotein 2 (MAGP2) is a secreted protein associated with multiple cellular activities including the organization of elastic fibers in the extracellular matrix (ECM), angiogenesis, as well as regulating Notch and integrin signaling. Importantly, increases in MAGP2 positively correlate with poor prognosis for some ovarian cancers. It has been assumed that full-length MAGP2 is responsible for all reported effects; however, here we show MAGP2 is a substrate for the proprotein convertase (PC) family of endoproteases. Proteolytic processing of MAGP2 by PC cleavage could serve to regulate secretion and thus, activity and function as reported for other extracellular and cell-surface proteins. In support of this idea, MAGP2 contains an evolutionarily conserved PC consensus cleavage site, and amino acid sequencing of a newly identified MAGP2 C-terminal cleavage product confirmed functional PC cleavage. Additionally, mutagenesis of the MAGP2 PC consensus cleavage site or treatment with PC inhibitors prevented MAGP2 proteolytic processing. Finally, both cleaved and uncleaved MAGP2 were detected extracellularly and MAGP2 secretion appeared independent of PC cleavage, suggesting that PC processing occurs mainly outside the cell. Our characterization of alternative forms of MAGP2 present in the extracellular space not only enhances diversity of this ECM protein but also provides a previously unrecognized molecular mechanism for regulation of MAGP2 biological activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren J Donovan
- Department of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831, United States
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|