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Ahmad S, Sabir A, Khan SM. Synthesis and characterization of pectin/carboxymethyl cellulose-based hybrid hydrogels for heavy metal ions adsorption. Chem Pap 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-023-02767-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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Shami R, Sabir A, Iqbal SS, Gull N, Zohra R, Khan SM. Synergistic effect of GO/ZnO loading on the performance of cellulose acetate/chitosan blended reverse osmosis membranes for NOM rejection. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13736. [PMID: 36873556 PMCID: PMC9976315 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Declining freshwater resources along with their pollution are threatening the life existence on earth. To meet the freshwater demand, one of the most appropriate and possible ways which has been adopted all over the world is to reuse wastewater by removing its impurities. Among many water pollutants, natural organic matter (NOM) is found to be responsible as major precursor for the formation of other pollutants. Removal of NOM from wastewater is being done by using membrane filtration systems incorporated with certain nanofillers to increase membranes efficiency and permeability. In this study, novel nanocomposite reverse osmosis (RO) membranes were prepared using cellulose acetate and chitosan in N,N-Dimethyl formamide. Graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets and zinc oxide (ZnO) in different concentration were loaded to modify the membranes for tuning their RO performance. The confirmation of the functional groups is demonstrated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy which revealed the specific peaks indicating the formation of the nano-composite membranes. The surface morphology was studied by scanning electronic microscopy which shows a gradual transformation of the membrane surface from voids-free to macro-voids filled surface up to threshold concentration of GO and ZnO. The thermal properties of GO based membranes were analyzed using thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The uniform interaction of the GO and ZnO with polymers induced the remarkable thermal properties of the synthesized membranes. Permeate flux and contact angle measurements were considered to estimate their water content (96%) capacity and NOM rejection (96%) using 0.1 ppm humic acid solution. The permeate flux, NOM rejection and the water content changed directly with GO and inversely with ZnO wt% in the membranes up to GO5 (GO:0.14: ZnO:0.03) whereas the contact angle exhibited the inverse relationship with GO and ZnO concentration in casting solution of the synthesized membranes. Hence it can be concluded that prepared RO membranes are suitable for NOM rejection and recommended for water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwana Shami
- Institute of Polymer and Textile Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan.,Department of Chemistry, Forman Christian College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Sabir
- Institute of Polymer and Textile Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Sagar Iqbal
- Department of Physics, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Nafisa Gull
- Institute of Polymer and Textile Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Rubab Zohra
- Department of Chemistry, Forman Christian College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shahzad Maqsood Khan
- Institute of Polymer and Textile Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
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Ahmad A, Sabir A, Iqbal SS, Felemban BF, Riaz T, Bahadar A, Hossain N, Khan RU, Inam F. Novel antibacterial polyurethane and cellulose acetate mixed matrix membrane modified with functionalized TiO 2 nanoparticles for water treatment applications. Chemosphere 2022; 301:134711. [PMID: 35487351 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial contamination is one of the leading causes of water pollution. Antibacterial polyurethane/cellulose acetate membranes modified by functionalized TiO2 nanoparticles were processed and studied. TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared and ultraviolet (UV) irradiated to activate their photocatalytic activity against Escherichia coli (E. Coil) and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria. Functionalized TiO2 nanoparticles were incorporated in flat-sheet mixed matrix membranes (MMMs). These membranes were characterized for their different properties such as morphology, thermal stability, mechanical strength, surface wettability, water retention, salt rejection, water flux, and their antibacterial performance against E. Coil and MRSA was also tested. The activity of nanoparticles against MRSA and E. coli was analyzed using three different concentrations, 0.5 wt%, 1.0 wt% and 1.5 wt% of nanoparticles and 0.5 wt% of TiO2 nanoparticles showed maximum growth of bacteria. The maximum inhibition was observed in membranes with maximum nanoparticles when compared with other membranes. All these characteristics were strongly affected by increasing the concentration of TiO2 nanoparticles in the prepared membranes and the duration of their UV exposure. Hence, it was proved from this analysis that these TiO2 modified membranes exhibit substantial antibacterial properties. The results are supporting the utilization of these materials for water purification purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Ahmad
- Institute of Polymer and Textile Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, P.O. Box 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Sabir
- Institute of Polymer and Textile Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, P.O. Box 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Sagar Iqbal
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore, P.O. Box 54000, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Bassem F Felemban
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tabinda Riaz
- Institute of Polymer and Textile Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, P.O. Box 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Bahadar
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, 21911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazia Hossain
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia.
| | - Rafi Ullah Khan
- Institute of Polymer and Textile Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, P.O. Box 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fawad Inam
- School of Architecture, Computing and Engineering, University of East London, Docklands Campus, E16 2RD, London, United Kingdom
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Sabir A, Falath W, Shafiq M, Gull N, Wasim M, .I. Jacob K. Effective desalination and anti-biofouling performance via surface immobilized MWCNTs on RO membrane. Chin J Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2022.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Tasleem S, Sabah A, Tahir M, Sabir A, Shabbir A, Nazir M. Alkyl Silica Hybrid Nanowire Assembly in Improved Superhydrophobic Membranes for RO Filtration. ACS Omega 2022; 7:3940-3948. [PMID: 35155890 PMCID: PMC8830071 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Alkyl silica membranes and wires were synthesized by a sol-gel method, which has the capacity to control the size of the particles or membranes by controlling the reactions. Trimethoxyoctylsilane (C8TMOS) was used as a chemical surfactant; poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) as an emulsifier, dissolved in butanol for emulsion; and tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) as a precursor and a source of silica. An assembly of silica wires was fabricated on glass and cotton substrates by the dip-coating technique. Porous membranes and silica wires were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. The contact angles of all of the samples were in the range of 140-154° as measured by ImageJ software, which confirmed the hydrophobic nature of the samples. The contact angle was increased by increasing the amount of the surfactant. Phase changes of silica wires and membranes were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis. Chemical bonds of the sample were studied using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The band gap of silica nanowires was measured to be 3.8-3.4 eV using the UV-visible spectrum and decreased as compared to that of bulk silica. These silica-based porous membranes with enhanced transport properties can be used in filtration and separation techniques. This fabricated hybrid silica membrane showed ∼96% salt rejection within a permeation flux of 3.04 L/m2 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Tasleem
- Physics
Department, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Aneeqa Sabah
- Physics
Department, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Tahir
- Physics
Department, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Sabir
- Polymer
Engineering and Technology, Punjab University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | | | - Mohsin Nazir
- Computer
Science Department, Lahore College for Women
University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
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Madhani F, Maniar RA, Burfat A, Ahmed M, Farooq S, Sabir A, Domki AK, Page-Shipp L, Khowaja S, Safdar N, Khan AJ, Khan PY. Automated chest radiography and mass systematic screening for tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2021; 24:665-673. [PMID: 32718398 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.19.0501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Systematic screening for TB using automated chest radiography (ACR) with computer-aided detection software (CAD4TB) has been implemented at scale in Karachi, Pakistan. Despite evidence supporting the use of ACR as a pre-screen prior to Xpert® MTB/RIF diagnostic testing in presumptive TB patients, there has been no data published on its use in mass screening in real-world settings.METHOD: Screening was undertaken using mobile digital X-ray vehicles at hospital facilities and community camps. Chest X-rays were offered to individuals aged ≥15 years, regardless of symptoms. Those with a CAD4TB score of ≥70 were offered Xpert testing. The association between Xpert positivity and CAD4TB scores was examined using data collected between 1 January and 30 June 2018 using a custom-built data collection tool.RESULTS: Of the 127 062 individuals screened, 97.2% had a valid CAD4TB score; 11 184 (9.1%) individuals had a CAD4TB score ≥70. Prevalence of Xpert positivity rose from 0.7% in the <50 category to 23.5% in the >90 category. The strong linear association between CAD4TB score and Xpert positivity was found in both community and hospital settings.CONCLUSION: The strong association between CAD4TB scores and Xpert positivity provide evidence that an ACR-based pre-screening performs well when implemented at scale in a high-burden setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Madhani
- Global Health Directorate, Indus Health Network, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - R A Maniar
- Global Health Directorate, Indus Health Network, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A Burfat
- Global Health Directorate, Indus Health Network, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - M Ahmed
- Global Health Directorate, Indus Health Network, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Farooq
- Global Health Directorate, Indus Health Network, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A Sabir
- Global Health Directorate, Indus Health Network, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A K Domki
- Provincial TB Control Program, Department of Health, Government of Sindh, Hyderabad, Pakistan
| | | | - S Khowaja
- Global Health Directorate, Indus Health Network, Karachi, Pakistan, Interactive Research and Development, Singapore
| | - N Safdar
- Global Health Directorate, Indus Health Network, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A J Khan
- Global Health Directorate, Indus Health Network, Karachi, Pakistan, Interactive Research and Development, Singapore
| | - P Y Khan
- Interactive Research and Development, Singapore, Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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Khan SU, Sultan M, Islam A, Sabir A, Hafeez S, Bibi I, Ahmed MN, Khan SM, Khan RU, Iqbal M. Sodium alginate blended membrane with polyurethane: Desalination performance and antimicrobial activity evaluation. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:72-81. [PMID: 33811930 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A series of polymeric membranes were synthesized by blending polyurethane with sodium alginate (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0%). The structural, morphological and thermal properties of the membranes were examined by FTIR, SEM, AFM and TGA, respectively. Performance evaluation (salt rejection and flux) was assessed through reverse osmosis technique (RO). The FTIR spectra of membranes confirmed extensive hydrogen bonding (3350 cm-1). The SEM and AFM analyses supported a progressively rising surface roughness of blended membranes. The hydrophilicity, crosslinking density and thermal stability of the membranes were improved with an increase in alginate content. The capability of salt (NaCl and MgCl2) rejection was improved with alginate up to 0.8%. In addition, the rejection of divalent ions was better than monovalent ions (94 ± 0.96% for NaCl and 98 ± 0.98% for MgCl2). The blended membranes ascertained an effective chlorine resistivity. The antibacterial activity was also promising, which enhanced with the alginate content in the membrane. The sodium alginate blended membrane with polyurethane proved to be an efficient approach to develop the blended membranes with tunable properties for water desalination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Urooge Khan
- Institute of Polymer and Textile Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Misbah Sultan
- Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Atif Islam
- Institute of Polymer and Textile Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Sabir
- Institute of Polymer and Textile Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf Hafeez
- Institute of Polymer and Textile Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Ismat Bibi
- Department of Chemistry, the Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad 13100, Pakistan
| | - Shahzad Maqsood Khan
- Institute of Polymer and Textile Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Rafi Ullah Khan
- Institute of Polymer and Textile Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Munawar Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, Lahore 53700, Pakistan.
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Kayani A, Raza MA, Raza A, Hussain T, Akram MS, Sabir A, Islam A, Haider B, Khan RU, Park SH. Effect of Varying Amount of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG-600) and 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane on the Properties of Chitosan based Reverse Osmosis Membranes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2290. [PMID: 33668995 PMCID: PMC7956462 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan and polyethylene glycol (PEG-600) membranes were synthesized and crosslinked with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). The main purpose of this research work is to synthesize RO membranes which can be used to provide desalinated water for drinking, industrial and agricultural purposes. Hydrogen bonding between chitosan and PEG was confirmed by displacement of the hydroxyl absorption peak at 3237 cm-1 in pure chitosan to lower values in crosslinked membranes by using FTIR. Dynamic mechanical analysis revealed that PEG lowers Tg of the modified membranes vs. pure chitosan from 128.5 °C in control to 120 °C in CS-PEG5. SEM results highlighted porous and anisotropic structure of crosslinked membranes. As the amount of PEG was increased, hydrophilicity of membranes was increased and water absorption increased up to a maximum of 67.34%. Permeation data showed that flux and salt rejection value of the modified membranes was increased up to a maximum of 80% and 40.4%, respectively. Modified films have antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli as compared to control membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anum Kayani
- Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (A.K.); (A.R.); (T.H.)
- Institute of Polymer and Textile Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (A.S.); (A.I.); (R.U.K.)
| | - Muhammad Asim Raza
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Korea;
- Radiation Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Arsalan Raza
- Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (A.K.); (A.R.); (T.H.)
- Institute of Polymer and Textile Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (A.S.); (A.I.); (R.U.K.)
| | - Tajamal Hussain
- Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (A.K.); (A.R.); (T.H.)
| | - Muhammad Sarfraz Akram
- Institute of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan;
| | - Aneela Sabir
- Institute of Polymer and Textile Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (A.S.); (A.I.); (R.U.K.)
| | - Atif Islam
- Institute of Polymer and Textile Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (A.S.); (A.I.); (R.U.K.)
| | - Bilal Haider
- Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan;
| | - Rafi Ullah Khan
- Institute of Polymer and Textile Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (A.S.); (A.I.); (R.U.K.)
| | - Sang Hyun Park
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Korea;
- Radiation Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
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Idress H, Zaidi SZJ, Sabir A, Shafiq M, Khan RU, Harito C, Hassan S, Walsh FC. Cellulose acetate based Complexation-NF membranes for the removal of Pb(II) from waste water. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1806. [PMID: 33469047 PMCID: PMC7815919 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80384-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the removal of Pb(II) using polymer matrix membranes, cellulose acetate/vinyl triethoxysilane modified graphene oxide and gum Arabic (GuA) membranes. These complexation-NF membranes were successfully synthesized via dissolution casting method for better transport phenomenon. The varied concentrations of GuA were induced in the polymer matrix membrane. The prepared membranes M-GuA2–M-GuA10 were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscope and bio-fouling studies. Thermal stability of the membranes was determined by thermogravimetric analysis under nitrogen atmosphere. Dead end nanofiltration was carried out to study the perm- selectivity of all the membranes under varied pressure and concentration of Pb(NO3)2. The complexation-NF membrane performances were significantly improved after the addition of GuA in the polymer matrix membrane system. M-GuA8 membrane showed optimum result of permeation flux 8.6 l m−2 h−1. Rejection of Pb(II) ions was observed to be around 97.6% at pH 9 for all the membranes due to electrostatic interaction between CA and Gum Arabic. Moreover, with the passage of time, the rate of adsorption was also increased up to 15.7 mg g−1 until steady state was attained. Gum Arabic modified CA membranes can open up new possibilities in enhancing the permeability, hydrophilicity and anti-fouling properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Idress
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan.
| | - S Z J Zaidi
- Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - A Sabir
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - M Shafiq
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - R U Khan
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - C Harito
- Industrial Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, 11480, Indonesia
| | - S Hassan
- Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - F C Walsh
- Electrochemical Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Engineering Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
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Gull N, Khan SM, Khalid S, Zia S, Islam A, Sabir A, Sultan M, Hussain F, Khan RU, Butt MTZ. Designing of biocompatible and biodegradable chitosan based crosslinked hydrogel for in vitro release of encapsulated povidone-iodine: A clinical translation. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:4370-4380. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Idrees H, Zaidi SZJ, Sabir A, Khan RU, Zhang X, Hassan SU. A Review of Biodegradable Natural Polymer-Based Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery Applications. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:E1970. [PMID: 33027891 PMCID: PMC7600772 DOI: 10.3390/nano10101970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable natural polymers have been investigated extensively as the best choice for encapsulation and delivery of drugs. The research has attracted remarkable attention in the pharmaceutical industry. The shortcomings of conventional dosage systems, along with modified and targeted drug delivery methods, are addressed by using polymers with improved bioavailability, biocompatibility, and lower toxicity. Therefore, nanomedicines are now considered to be an innovative type of medication. This review critically examines the use of natural biodegradable polymers and their drug delivery systems for local or targeted and controlled/sustained drug release against fatal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humaira Idrees
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (A.S.); (R.U.K.)
| | - Syed Zohaib Javaid Zaidi
- Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Sabir
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (A.S.); (R.U.K.)
| | - Rafi Ullah Khan
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (A.S.); (R.U.K.)
- Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Xunli Zhang
- Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK;
| | - Sammer-ul Hassan
- Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK;
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12
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Ali I, Raza MA, Mehmood R, Islam A, Sabir A, Gull N, Haider B, Park SH, Khan RU. Novel Maleic Acid, Crosslinked, Nanofibrous Chitosan/Poly (Vinylpyrrolidone) Membranes for Reverse Osmosis Desalination. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7338. [PMID: 33020456 PMCID: PMC7582265 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Fresh and clean water is consistently depleting and becoming a serious problem with rapid increases in population, so seawater desalination technology has captured global attention. For an efficient desalination process, this work proposes a novel, nanofibrous, thin-film composite membrane (NF-TFC) based on the deposition of the nanofibrous active layer of a blend of chitosan (CS) and poly (vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) crosslinked with maleic acid on a 3-triethoxysilylpropylamine functionalized cellulose acetate substrate. FTIR analysis demonstrated the development of chemical and physical interactions and confirmed the incorporation of functional groups present in the NF-TFC. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs depict the fibrous structure of the active layers. The reverse osmosis (RO) desalination characteristics of NF-TFC membranes are elevated by increasing the concentration of the crosslinker in a CS/PVP blend. Cellulose acetate (CA)-S4 attained an optimal salt rejection of 98.3% and permeation flux of 42.9 L/m2h, suggesting that the NF-TFC membranes could be favorable for seawater desalination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israr Ali
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (I.A.); (R.M.); (A.I.); (A.S.); (N.G.); (R.U.K.)
| | - Muhammad Asim Raza
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Korea;
- Radiation Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Rashid Mehmood
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (I.A.); (R.M.); (A.I.); (A.S.); (N.G.); (R.U.K.)
| | - Atif Islam
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (I.A.); (R.M.); (A.I.); (A.S.); (N.G.); (R.U.K.)
| | - Aneela Sabir
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (I.A.); (R.M.); (A.I.); (A.S.); (N.G.); (R.U.K.)
| | - Nafisa Gull
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (I.A.); (R.M.); (A.I.); (A.S.); (N.G.); (R.U.K.)
| | - Bilal Haider
- Institute of Chemical Engineering & Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan;
| | - Sang Hyun Park
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Korea;
- Radiation Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Rafi Ullah Khan
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (I.A.); (R.M.); (A.I.); (A.S.); (N.G.); (R.U.K.)
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Altaf F, Batool R, Gill R, Shabir MA, Drexler M, Alamgir F, Abbas G, Sabir A, Jacob KI. Novel N-p-carboxy benzyl chitosan/poly (vinyl alcohol/functionalized zeolite mixed matrix membranes for DMFC applications. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 237:116111. [PMID: 32241453 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The novel N-p-carboxy benzyl chitosan (CBC)/ poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) based mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) filled with surface-modified zeolite have been prepared using the dissolution casting technique. The applicability of prepared MMMs for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) was investigated in terms of water uptake, methanol permeation, and proton conductivity by changing filler content (10-50 wt. %). The zeolite was modified by silane coupling agent, 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS). The resultant modified zeolite (MZ) was incorporated into CBC/PVA blend to obtain mixed matrix PEMs. The functional group, structural properties, morphological and topographical investigation of MMMs were examined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively. The prepared MMMs exhibited a remarkable decrease in methanol permeability of 2.3 × 10-7 cm2/s with C-CPMZ50. The maximum value of proton conductivity of 0.0527 Scm-1, was shown by C-CMPZ10. The prepared PEMs also displayed good stability during long term operating time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faizah Altaf
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, 46000, Pakistan; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, North Avenue, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; Department of Physics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Rida Batool
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, 46000, Pakistan; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, North Avenue, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; Department of Physics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Rohama Gill
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, 46000, Pakistan
| | | | - Matthew Drexler
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, North Avenue, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Faisal Alamgir
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, North Avenue, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Ghazanfar Abbas
- Department of Physics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Sabir
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Karl I Jacob
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, North Avenue, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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Raza A, Kayani A, Sabir A, Ahmad A, Hussain T, Raza MH, Bano S, Islam A, Khan RU. Synthesis and investigation of desalinating, antibacterial, and mechanical properties of tetraethylorthosilicate crosslinked chitosan/polyethylene glycol (PEG‐300) membranes for reverse osmosis. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arsalan Raza
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan
- Department of Polymer Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan
| | - Anum Kayani
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan
- Department of Polymer Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan
| | - Aneela Sabir
- Department of Polymer Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan
| | - Adnan Ahmad
- Department of Polymer Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan
| | - Tajamal Hussain
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan
| | | | - Shehr Bano
- Institute of Biochemistry and BiotechnologyUniversity of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan
| | - Atif Islam
- Department of Polymer Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan
| | - Rafi Ullah Khan
- Department of Polymer Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan
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Jennath HS, Adarsh S, Chandran NV, Ananthan R, Sabir A, Asharaf S. Parkchain: A Blockchain Powered Parking Solution for Smart Cities. Front Blockchain 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fbloc.2019.00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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16
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Tasleem S, Sabah A, Cheema UA, Sabir A. Transparent Hydrophobic Hybrid Silica Films by Green and Chemical Surfactants. ACS Omega 2019; 4:13543-13552. [PMID: 31460484 PMCID: PMC6705241 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Monodispersed and transparent hybrid silica wires were synthesized by the sol-gel method using the chemical surfactant trimethoxyoctylsilane (C8TMOS or C11H26O3Si) and, for the first time, by green surfactants (Nelumbo nucifera/lotus leaf extract). The purpose was to introduce a less toxic, cost-effective, and one-step easy approach to get superhydrophobic silica films. Each of the surfactants was used at two different concentrations to investigate hydrophobicity of the films. Assembly of silica wires was obtained by dip-coating and vacuum filtration methods on glass and cellulose acetate filter paper as substrates, respectively. The water contact angle (CA) up to 154° was measured for hybrid silica films on filter paper, which revealed their superhydrophobicity as compared to hydrophobic behavior of those films coated on a glass substrate with CA up to 135°. Chemical, optical, and structural properties of prepared films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry, and differential scanning calorimetry. The hybrid silica wires prepared displayed good transparency, low surface energy, and superhydrophobicity. These silica assemblies can create outstanding and multifunctional structures with superhydrophobic coatings for waterproof electronic devices, military uniforms, self-cleaning surfaces, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Tasleem
- Department
of Physics, Lahore College for Women University
(LCWU), Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- E-mail: , (S.T.)
| | - Aneeqa Sabah
- Department
of Physics, Lahore College for Women University
(LCWU), Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- E-mail: , (A.S.)
| | - Ujala A. Cheema
- Department
of Physics, Lahore College for Women University
(LCWU), Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Sabir
- Department
of Polymer Engineering & Technology, University of the Punjab (PU), Lahore 54590, Pakistan
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Wasim M, Sabir A, Shafiq M, Khan RU. Fractionation of direct dyes using modified vapor grown carbon nanofibers and zirconia in cellulose acetate blend membranes. Sci Total Environ 2019; 677:194-204. [PMID: 31055100 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the textile industry, membrane technology has been widely employed for the exclusion of direct dyes. In this research paper, firstly vapor grown carbon nanofibers (VGCNFs) were functionalized with carboxylates group via piranha oxidation, and then series of CA/PEO-PPO-PEO triblock copolymers were prepared by blending with varying weight percentages of modified VGCNFs and Zirconia (ZrO2). The structural morphologies of membranes were visualized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which exhibits the dispersity of dual fillers in polymer matrix thus improving the microstructure of resultant membranes. The experimental data indicates that the modified VGCNF and ZrO2 nanoparticles were shown increase hydrophilic character. The direct dyes rejection were successfully after filler addition, which were 96% (for Direct Red), 99% (for Direct Blue) and 93% (for Direct Orange). The membranes showed a better antifouling property even after several washing cycles along with improved biofouling property, both of these properties showed a better membrane life. As an outcome, this research could have been a great potential to be used to treat dyes in textile industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Wasim
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan.
| | - Aneela Sabir
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shafiq
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Rafi Ullah Khan
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
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Raza MA, Islam A, Sabir A, Gull N, Ali I, Mehmood R, Bae J, Hassan G, Khan MU. PVA/TEOS crosslinked membranes incorporating zinc oxide nanoparticles and sodium alginate to improve reverse osmosis performance for desalination. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asim Raza
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Technology; University of the Punjab; 54590, Lahore Pakistan
- Department of Ocean System Engineering; Jeju National University; 102 Jejudaehakro, Jeju 63243 South Korea
| | - Atif Islam
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Technology; University of the Punjab; 54590, Lahore Pakistan
| | - Aneela Sabir
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Technology; University of the Punjab; 54590, Lahore Pakistan
| | - Nafisa Gull
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Technology; University of the Punjab; 54590, Lahore Pakistan
| | - Israr Ali
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Technology; University of the Punjab; 54590, Lahore Pakistan
| | - Rashid Mehmood
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Technology; University of the Punjab; 54590, Lahore Pakistan
| | - Jinho Bae
- Department of Ocean System Engineering; Jeju National University; 102 Jejudaehakro, Jeju 63243 South Korea
| | - Gul Hassan
- Department of Ocean System Engineering; Jeju National University; 102 Jejudaehakro, Jeju 63243 South Korea
| | - Muhammad Umair Khan
- Department of Ocean System Engineering; Jeju National University; 102 Jejudaehakro, Jeju 63243 South Korea
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Javeria I, Islam A, Gull N, Ghaffar A, Khan SM, Sabir A, Khaliq S, Butt MTZ, Atta S. Controlled release of Montelukast Sodium from pH-sensitive injectable hydrogels. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2018.1520256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irtaza Javeria
- Department of Chemistry, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Atif Islam
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nafisa Gull
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Ghaffar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shahzad Maqsood Khan
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Sabir
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shaista Khaliq
- Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Sadia Atta
- Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Shalabh K, Ajai S, Vineet K, Sabir A. Are Gap and Cast Indices Predictors of Efficacy of Reduction in Fractures of Both Bones of the Leg? A Cohort Study. Malays Orthop J 2018; 12:15-19. [PMID: 30112123 PMCID: PMC6092537 DOI: 10.5704/moj.1807.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Non-operative management has successfully been practised for long in diaphyseal fractures of both bones of the leg. This study attempts to establish an acceptability criteria for plaster cast in order to predict future loss of reduction and its adequacy. Materials and Methods: A total of forty subjects were included as per inclusion-exclusion criteria. Gap and cast indices were calculated in the immediate post reduction phase and at third week follow-up visit. Results: The mean values of gap and cast indices in the immediate post-reduction phase were 0.35±0.220 and 0.99±0.08 respectively and at the third week follow-up the mean value for both the parameters in those without loss of reduction were 1.11±0.50 and 1.03±0.09 respectively and in those with loss of reduction were 0.84±0.44 and 1.01±0.06 respectively. Conclusion: Gap and cast indices are not informative in assessing adequacy of reduction in diaphyseal fractures of both bones of the leg.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Shalabh
- Department of Orthopaedics, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - S Ajai
- Department of Orthopaedics, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - K Vineet
- Department of Orthopaedics, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - A Sabir
- Department of Orthopaedics, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
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21
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Shafiq M, Sabir A, Islam A, Khan SM, Gull N, Hussain SN, Butt MTZ. Cellulaose acetate based thin film nanocomposite reverse osmosis membrane incorporated with TiO2 nanoparticles for improved performance. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 186:367-376. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Asim S, Wasim M, Sabir A, Shafiq M, Andlib H, Khuram S, Ahmad A, Jamil T. The effect of Nanocrystalline cellulose/Gum Arabic conjugates in crosslinked membrane for antibacterial, chlorine resistance and boron removal performance. J Hazard Mater 2018; 343:68-77. [PMID: 28941839 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we developed hybrid membranes integrated with Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC)/Gum Arabic (GuA) conjugates using crosslinked Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as a matrix phase with the addition of PEO-PPO-PEO block copolymer that insured pore formation. At first, the NCC was prepared from microcrystalline cellulose via acid hydrolysis process. The performance property of hybrid NCC/GuA was measured using boron removal. The results showed that the rejection capability enhanced as compared to the control membranes, especially at 0.1wt% of NCC the selectivity is up to 92.4% with the flux rate of 21.3L/m2.h. Moreover, the GuA in NCC/GuA conjugate significantly enhances the antibacterial activity by hindering the bacterial attachment to the surface as both of them carry the negative charge. Also by providing the active sites responsible for hydrogen bonding thus enhancing the hydrophilic character resulted in increased permeation flux rate. Therefore, the NCC/GuA conjugated membranes have great potentials for boron removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Asim
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590 Pakistan
| | - Maria Wasim
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590 Pakistan
| | - Aneela Sabir
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590 Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Shafiq
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590 Pakistan
| | - Huma Andlib
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590 Pakistan
| | - Sania Khuram
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590 Pakistan
| | - Adnan Ahmad
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590 Pakistan
| | - Tahir Jamil
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590 Pakistan.
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23
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Dilshad MR, Islam A, Sabir A, Shafiq M, Butt MTZ, Ijaz A, Jamil T. Fabrication and performance characterization of novel zinc oxide filled cross-linked PVA/PEG 600 blended membranes for CO 2 /N 2 separation. J IND ENG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2017.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ekoru K, Murphy GAV, Young EH, Delisle H, Jerome CS, Assah F, Longo–Mbenza B, Nzambi JPD, On'Kin JBK, Buntix F, Muyer MC, Christensen DL, Wesseh CS, Sabir A, Okafor C, Gezawa ID, Puepet F, Enang O, Raimi T, Ohwovoriole E, Oladapo OO, Bovet P, Mollentze W, Unwin N, Gray WK, Walker R, Agoudavi K, Siziya S, Chifamba J, Njelekela M, Fourie CM, Kruger S, Schutte AE, Walsh C, Gareta D, Kamali A, Seeley J, Norris SA, Crowther NJ, Pillay D, Kaleebu P, Motala AA, Sandhu MS. Deriving an optimal threshold of waist circumference for detecting cardiometabolic risk in sub-Saharan Africa. Int J Obes (Lond) 2017; 42:ijo2017240. [PMID: 29087388 PMCID: PMC5880575 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2017.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Waist circumference (WC) thresholds derived from western populations continue to be used in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) despite increasing evidence of ethnic variation in the association between adiposity and cardiometabolic disease and availability of data from African populations. We aimed to derive a SSA-specific optimal WC cut-point for identifying individuals at increased cardiometabolic risk. METHODS We used individual level cross-sectional data on 24 181 participants aged ⩾15 years from 17 studies conducted between 1990 and 2014 in eight countries in SSA. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to derive optimal WC cut-points for detecting the presence of at least two components of metabolic syndrome (MS), excluding WC. RESULTS The optimal WC cut-point was 81.2 cm (95% CI 78.5-83.8 cm) and 81.0 cm (95% CI 79.2-82.8 cm) for men and women, respectively, with comparable accuracy in men and women. Sensitivity was higher in women (64%, 95% CI 63-65) than in men (53%, 95% CI 51-55), and increased with the prevalence of obesity. Having WC above the derived cut-point was associated with a twofold probability of having at least two components of MS (age-adjusted odds ratio 2.6, 95% CI 2.4-2.9, for men and 2.2, 95% CI 2.0-2.3, for women). CONCLUSION The optimal WC cut-point for identifying men at increased cardiometabolic risk is lower (⩾81.2 cm) than current guidelines (⩾94.0 cm) recommend, and similar to that in women in SSA. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these cut-points based on cardiometabolic outcomes.International Journal of Obesity advance online publication, 31 October 2017; doi:10.1038/ijo.2017.240.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ekoru
- Sandhu Group, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Global Health and Populations Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - G A V Murphy
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - E H Young
- Sandhu Group, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Global Health and Populations Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - H Delisle
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - C S Jerome
- Regional Institute of Public Health, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | - F Assah
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - B Longo–Mbenza
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Eastern Cape, South Africa
| | - J P D Nzambi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, DR Congo
| | - J B K On'Kin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, DR Congo
| | - F Buntix
- Department of General Practice, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M C Muyer
- Department of Public Health, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, DR Congo
| | - D L Christensen
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - C S Wesseh
- Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Monrovia, Liberia
| | - A Sabir
- Department of Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - C Okafor
- Department of Medicine & Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus/University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - I D Gezawa
- Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano State, Kano, Nigeria
| | - F Puepet
- Department of Medicine, College of Medical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - O Enang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Calabar/University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - T Raimi
- Department of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - E Ohwovoriole
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - O O Oladapo
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (University College Hospital), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - P Bovet
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - W Mollentze
- University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Republic of South Africa
| | - N Unwin
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - W K Gray
- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Tyneside General Hospital, North Shields, Tyne and Wear, UK
| | - R Walker
- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Tyneside General Hospital, North Shields, Tyne and Wear, UK
- Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - K Agoudavi
- National NCD Program, Ministry Of Health, Lome, Togo
| | - S Siziya
- School of Medicine, The Copperbelt University, Ndola, Zambia
| | - J Chifamba
- Physiology Department, University of Zimbabwe, College of Health Sciences, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - M Njelekela
- Department of Physiology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - C M Fourie
- HART (Hypertension in Africa Research Team), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - S Kruger
- Africa Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research (AUTHeR), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- MRC Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - A E Schutte
- HART (Hypertension in Africa Research Team), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- MRC Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - C Walsh
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - D Gareta
- Wellcome Trust Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - A Kamali
- MRC/UVRI Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - J Seeley
- MRC/UVRI Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - S A Norris
- MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit (DPHRU), University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - N J Crowther
- Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, University of the Witwatersrand Medical School, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - D Pillay
- Wellcome Trust Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - P Kaleebu
- MRC/UVRI Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - A A Motala
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - M S Sandhu
- Sandhu Group, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Global Health and Populations Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
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Wasim M, Sabir A, Shafiq M, Islam A, Azam M, Jamil T. Mixed matrix membranes: Two step process modified with electrospun (carboxy methylcellulose sodium salt/sepiolite) fibers for nanofiltration. J IND ENG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Shafiq M, Sabir A, Islam A, Khan S, Hussain S, Z. Butt M, Jamil T. Development and performance characteristics of silane crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol)/chitosan membranes for reverse osmosis. J IND ENG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2016.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sabir A, Falath W, Jacob KI, Shafiq M, Munawar MA, Islam A, Gull N, Butt MTZ, Sanaullah K, Jamil T. Hyperbranched polyethyleneimine induced polycationic membranes for improved fouling resistance and high RO performance. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Islam A, Yasin T, Gull N, Khan SM, Sabir A, Munawwar MA, Shafiq M, Jamil T, Raza MH. Fabrication and performance characteristics of tough hydrogel scaffolds based on biocompatible polymers. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 92:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Ahmad A, Jamshed F, Riaz T, Gul SE, Waheed S, Sabir A, AlAnezi AA, Adrees M, Jamil T. Self-sterilized composite membranes of cellulose acetate/polyethylene glycol for water desalination. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 149:207-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.04.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Falath W, Sabir A, Jacob KI. Novel reverse osmosis membranes composed of modified PVA/Gum Arabic conjugates: Biofouling mitigation and chlorine resistance enhancement. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 155:28-39. [PMID: 27702513 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel crosslinked Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) reverse osmosis (RO) thin film membrane conjugated with Gum Arabic (GA) with superb performance and features was synthesized for water desalination. RO membrane desalination parameters, such as hydrophilicity, surface roughness, water permeability, salt rejection, Chlorine resistance and biofouling resistance were evaluated using a dead end RO filtration unit. The incorporation of Pluronic F127 and the conjugation of Gum Arabic improved the overall RO performance of the membranes. This study has shown that the membrane PVA-GA-5 that contains 0.9wt% Gum Arabic provided excellent permeation, salt rejection, Chlorine and biofouling resistance and mechanical strength. The most remarkable result to arise from this research is that the overall RO performance enhancement has been achieved while utilizing PVA/Gum Arabic as a separation layer without the use of a substrate, which eliminates negative effects associated with the use of a substrate like internal concentration polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wail Falath
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Aneela Sabir
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590 Pakistan
| | - Karl I Jacob
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; G.W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
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Khan YH, Islam A, Sarwar A, Gull N, Khan SM, Munawar MA, Zia S, Sabir A, Shafiq M, Jamil T. Novel green nano composites films fabricated by indigenously synthesized graphene oxide and chitosan. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 146:131-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Munawar MA, Khan SM, Gull N, Shafiq M, Islam A, Zia S, Sabir A, Ghouri AS, Butt MTZ, Jamil T. Fabrication and characterization of novel zirconia filled glass fiber reinforced polyester hybrid composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/app.43615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Azeem Munawar
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology; University of the Punjab; Lahore 54590 Pakistan
| | - Shahzad Maqsood Khan
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology; University of the Punjab; Lahore 54590 Pakistan
| | - Nafisa Gull
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology; University of the Punjab; Lahore 54590 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shafiq
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology; University of the Punjab; Lahore 54590 Pakistan
| | - Atif Islam
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology; University of the Punjab; Lahore 54590 Pakistan
| | - Saba Zia
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology; University of the Punjab; Lahore 54590 Pakistan
| | - Aneela Sabir
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology; University of the Punjab; Lahore 54590 Pakistan
| | - Awais Sattar Ghouri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering and Management Sciences, Takatu Campus; Balochistan University of Information Technology; Baleli, Quetta 87300 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Taqi Zahid Butt
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering and Emerging Technologies; University of the Punjab; Lahore 54590 Pakistan
| | - Tahir Jamil
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology; University of the Punjab; Lahore 54590 Pakistan
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Sabir A, Shafiq M, Islam A, Jabeen F, Shafeeq A, Ahmad A, Zahid Butt MT, Jacob KI, Jamil T. Conjugation of silica nanoparticles with cellulose acetate/polyethylene glycol 300 membrane for reverse osmosis using MgSO4 solution. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 136:551-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Islam A, Yasin T, Gull N, Khan SM, Munawar MA, Shafiq M, Sabir A, Jamil T. Evaluation of selected properties of biocompatible chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) blends. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 82:551-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.09.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Islam A, Yasin T, Akhtar MJ, Imran Z, Sabir A, Sultan M, Khan SM, Jamil T. Impedance spectroscopy of chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) films. J Solid State Electrochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-015-3082-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Sabir A, Shafiq M, Islam A, Sarwar A, Dilshad MR, Shafeeq A, Zahid Butt MT, Jamil T. Fabrication of tethered carbon nanotubes in cellulose acetate/polyethylene glycol-400 composite membranes for reverse osmosis. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 132:589-97. [PMID: 26256386 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study pristine multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were surface engineered (SE) in strong acidic medium by oxidation purification method to form SE-MWCNT. Five different amount of SE-MWCNT ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 wt% were thoroughly and uniformly dispersed in cellulose acetate/polyethylene glycol (CA/PEG400) polymer matrix during synthesis of membrane by dissolution casting method. The structural analysis, surface morphology and roughness was carried out by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively, which showed that the dispersed SE-MWCNT was substantially tethered in CA/PEG400 polymer matrix membrane. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of membranes also suggested some improvement in thermal properties with the addition of SE-MWCNT. Finally, the performance of these membranes was assessed for suitability in drinking water treatment. The permeation flux and salt rejection were determined by using indigenously fabricated reverse osmosis pilot plant with 1000 ppm NaCl feed solution. The results showed that the tethered SE-MWCNT/CA/PEG400 polymer matrix membrane, with strong SE-MWCNTs/polymer matrix interaction, improved the salt rejection performance of the membrane with the salt rejection of 99.8% for the highest content of SE-MWCNT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneela Sabir
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Shafiq
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Atif Islam
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Afsheen Sarwar
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan Dilshad
- Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology (ICET), University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Amir Shafeeq
- Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology (ICET), University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | | | - Tahir Jamil
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
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Islam A, Yasin T, Sabir A, Khan SM, Sultan M, Shafiq M, Khan AU, Jamil T. High-temperature electrical properties of silane cross-linked chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) membrane: thermal, mechanical and surface characterization. e-Polymers 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/epoly-2015-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractChitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) were blended and cross-linked with tetraethoxysilane and showed conductive properties. Impedance spectroscopy was used to study the influence of temperature on the electrical properties of the membranes. The conductivity of the membranes was increased with an increase in temperature. Free water was decreased and bound water was increased with an increase in cross-linker contents. The tensile strength improved, whereas elongation at break decreased by increasing the amount of cross-linker contents. The water contact angle of the membranes lowered with time, exhibiting the hydrophilic nature of the membranes. The novel characteristics of biocompatible membranes can be used in biomedical applications including biological schemes that require smaller charge in medicinal apparatus, bioelectrode coatings, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tariq Yasin
- 2Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, PIEAS, Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Sabir
- 1Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shahzad Maqsood Khan
- 1Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Misbah Sultan
- 3Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shafiq
- 1Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asad U. Khan
- 4Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Jamil
- 1Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Sabir A. Xenia and metaxenia in grapes: differences in berry and seed characteristics of maternal grape cv. 'Narince' (Vitis vinifera L.) as influenced by different pollen sources. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2015; 17:567-573. [PMID: 25251333 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Literature investigations indicate that the grapes have quite complex fertilisation biology. This complexity necessitates extensive investigations to obtain reliable knowledge for both well-organised hybridisation studies and maximising grape yield. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the influences of self-, free- and cross-pollination on berry and seed characteristics in grape. Five different pollination treatments were applied to 'Narince', the most widely known and popular white wine grape in Turkey. Pollen tests indicated that all the cultivars had satisfactory in vitro pollen viability percentages. Free-pollination produced a significantly higher percentage berry set. Among the pollinizers, the use of pollen of 'Thompson Seedless' and 'Cardinal' varieties resulted in higher berry set percentage in 'Narince'. The free-pollination was also superior in giving the highest weight, length and width of the berry, as well as number of seeds per berry. These findings revealed that there were strong xenial and metaxenial effects in the studied grape cultivars. Among the pollinizer cultivars, the most effective pollinator was 'Thompson Seedless'. Hence, for better berry set and quality, the use of 'Thompson Seedless' as a pollinizer may be an attractive option in both grape production and breeding studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sabir
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey
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Mohammed IA, Schneider J, Schiffer R, Hussein J, Hailu T, Eshete M, Abate F, Sabir A, Habte D. CALCINOSIS CUTIS - A SERIES OF 59 CONSECUTIVE CASES CONFINED AMONG WOMEN. East Afr Med J 2013; 90:142-146. [PMID: 26866099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcinosis cutis is the cutaneous deposition of calcium salts. Tumoral Calcinosis is a condition consisting of massive subcutaneous deposits of calcium salts often overlying large joints in otherwise healthy patients. OBJECTIVE To describe the characteristics of a series of patients with Tumoral Calcinosis in the Gurage Zone of Central Ethiopia. METHODOLOGY Data was collected from 59 patients who presented with clinical diagnosis of calcinosis cutis around hip region between January 2005 and January 2009. RESULTS All cases were females, with a mean (standard deviation) age at diagnosis of 50.7(10.8). The duration of illness ranged from one to eighteen years. The cases were distributed in the different villages of Gurage Zone without any sign of clustering of cases. The lesions were localized around hip region on both sides. The patients did not have any related co-morbidity or any history of similar illness among close family members. None of the patients gave history of evident trauma to the site of the lesions. Significant proportion of the patients (53.4%) confirmed to carry water container and/or other goods on their side. Serum Phosphate and Calcium levels in selected patients were with in normal limit. Histo-pathological examinations of five cases revealed Calcium deposits in collagenous connective tissue. CONCLUSION The lesion was found to be relatively common in the study area and specifically confined to females. The probable factor associated with the cases is carrying objects on their side (hip area). Further research with in-depth clinical and laboratory evaluation is of paramount importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- I A Mohammed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, P. O. Box 9086, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
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Liu Z, Ahmed M, Sabir A, Humphries S, Goldberg SN. Computer modeling of the effect of perfusion on heating patterns in radiofrequency tumor ablation. Int J Hyperthermia 2007; 23:49-58. [PMID: 17575723 DOI: 10.1080/02656730601094415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To use an established computer simulation model of radiofrequency (RF) ablation to further characterize the effect of varied perfusion on RF heating for commonly used RF durations and electrode types, and different tumor sizes. METHODS Computer simulation of RF heating using 2-D and 3-D finite element analysis (Etherm) was performed. Simulated RF application was systematically modeled on clinically relevant application parameters for a range of inner tumor perfusion (0-5 kg/m3-s) and outer normal surrounding tissue perfusion (0-5 kg/m3-s) for internally cooled 3-cm single and 2.5-cm cluster electrodes over a range of tumor diameters (2-5 cm), and RF application times (5-60 min; n = 4618 simulations). Tissue heating patterns and the time required to heat the entire tumor +/- a 5-mm margin to > 50 degrees C were assessed. Three-dimensional surface response contours were generated, and linear and higher order curve-fitting was performed. RESULTS For both electrodes, increasing overall tissue perfusion exponentially decreased the overall distance of the 50 degrees C isotherm (R2 = 0.94). Simultaneously, increasing overall perfusion exponentially decreased the time required to achieve thermal equilibrium (R2 = 0.94). Furthermore, the relative effect of inner and outer perfusion varied with increasing tumor size. For smaller tumors (2 cm diameter, 3-cm single; 2-3 cm diameter, cluster), the ability and time to achieve tumor ablation was largely determined by the outer tissue perfusion value. However, for larger tumors (4-5 cm diameter single; 5 cm diameter cluster), inner tumor perfusion had the predominant effect. CONCLUSION Computer modeling demonstrates that perfusion reduces both RF coagulation and the time to achieve thermal equilibrium. These results further show the importance of considering not only tumor perfusion, but also size (in addition to background tissue perfusion) when attempting to predict the effect of perfusion on RF heating and ablation times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Liu
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center-Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Embarch K, Bounakhla M, Bajja A, Ibnmajah M, Jacimovic R, Smodis B, Byrne AR, Sabir A. Instrumental neutron activation analysis of Moroccan geological samples using the k0-standardization method. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1023/b:jrnc.0000030933.94875.7e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Abstract
A tablet formulation when compressed using market image tooling may cause picking of powder. A D-optimal statistical experiment was designed to optimize the direct compression formulation and the process to alleviate picking of powder. The effects of levels of magnesium stearate, colloidal silicon dioxide (CSD), and lubrication time on picking were investigated using original compression tooling. These optimization results provided a small robust manufacturing region, hence a change in the cut angles of embossed letters and numbers from 70 degrees to 90 degrees in the modified compression tooling was evaluated. A statistical analysis of the data identified a robust manufacturing region that included formulations containing magnesium stearate 1-1.25% w/w, CSD 0.1-0.3% w/w, with a lubrication time of 5-10 min when compressed using modified compression tooling. The results indicate a significant reduction in picking by increasing the cut angles of embossed letters and numbers in the modified compression tooling. By evaluating interactions between various variables, we demonstrate a concentration dependent effect of CSD on the lubrication efficiency of magnesium stearate and compactability of microcrystalline cellulose containing formulation. In addition, the lubrication efficiency of magnesium stearate is maintained by blending CSD with powder blend prior to lubrication with magnesium stearate.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sabir
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, GlaxoWellcome Inc., Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA
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Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the albedo effect on the neutron transmission probability through slab shields. For this reason we have considered an infinite homogeneous slab having a fixed thickness equal to 20 lambda (lambda is the mean free path of the neutron in the slab). This slab is characterized by the factor Ps (scattering probability) and contains a vacuum channel which is formed by two horizontal parts and an inclined one (David, M. C. (1962) Duc and Voids in shields. In Reactor Handbook, Vol. III, Part B, p. 166). The thickness of the vacuum channel is taken equal to 2 lambda. An infinite plane source of neutrons is placed on the first of the slab (left face) and detectors, having windows equal to 2 lambda, are placed on the second face of the slab (right face). Neutron histories are sampled by the Monte Carlo method (Booth, T. E. and Hendricks, J. S. (1994) Nuclear Technology 5) using exponential biasing in order to increase the Monte Carlo calculation efficiency (Levitt, L. B. (1968) Nuclear Science and Engineering 31, 500-504; Jehouani, A., Ghassoun, J. and Abouker, A. (1994) In Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Radiation Physics, Rabat, Morocco) and we have applied the statistical weight method which supposes that the neutron is born at the source with a unit statistical weight and after each collision this weight is corrected. For different values of the scattering probability and for different slopes of the inclined part of the channel we have calculated the neutron transmission probability for different positions of the detectors versus the albedo at the vacuum channel-medium interface. Some analytical representations are also presented for these transmission probabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Khanouchi
- Nuclear Physics and Techniques Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, University Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco
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Khanouchi A, Sabir A, Boulkheir M, Ichaoui R, Ghassoun J, Jehouani A. The neutron channeling phenomenon. Appl Radiat Isot 1997; 48:1673-6. [PMID: 9463884 DOI: 10.1016/s0969-8043(97)00173-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Shields, used for protection against radiation, are often pierced with vacuum channels for passing cables and other instruments for measurements. The neutron transmission through these shields is an unavoidable phenomenon. In this work we study and discuss the effect of channels on neutron transmission through shields. We consider an infinite homogeneous slab, with a fixed thickness (20 lambda, with lambda the mean free path of the neutron in the slab), which contains a vacuum channel. This slab is irradiated with an infinite source of neutrons on the left side and on the other side (right side) many detectors with windows equal to 2 lambda are placed in order to evaluate the neutron transmission probabilities (Khanouchi, A., Aboubekr, A., Ghassoun, J. and Jehouani, A. (1994) Rencontre Nationale des Jeunes Chercheurs en Physique. Casa Blanca Maroc; Khanouchi, A., Sabir, A., Ghassoun, J. and Jehouani, A. (1995) Premier Congré International des Intéractions Rayonnements Matière. Eljadida Maroc). The neutron history within the slab is simulated by the Monte Carlo method (Booth, T. E. and Hendricks, J. S. (1994) Nuclear Technology 5) and using the exponential biasing technique in order to improve the Monte Carlo calculation (Levitt, L. B. (1968) Nuclear Science and Engineering 31, 500-504; Jehouani, A., Ghassoun, J. and Aboubker, A. (1994) In Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Radiation Physics, Rabat, Morocco). Then different geometries of the vacuum channel have been studied. For each geometry we have determined the detector response and calculated the neutron transmission probability for different detector positions. This neutron transmission probability presents a peak for the detectors placed in front of the vacuum channel. This study allowed us to clearly identify the neutron channeling phenomenon. One application of our study is to detect vacuum defects in materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Khanouchi
- Nuclear Physics and Techniques Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, University Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco
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Khanouchi A, Sabir A, Boulkheir M, Ichaoui R, Ghassoun J, Jehouani A. The vacuum geometry effect on neutron transmission and spatial resolution of neutron transmission. Appl Radiat Isot 1997; 48:1663-6. [PMID: 9463882 DOI: 10.1016/s0969-8043(97)00171-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Frequently, shields used against radiation contain some vacuum channels. We have therefore considered an infinite slab with a fixed thickness (thickness 20 lambda with lambda the mean free path of the neutron in the slab) and an infinite plane source of neutrons which arrived on the left side of the slab; transmitted neutrons through the slab to its right side are detected by finite detectors having windows equal to 2 lambda. This slab contains a vacuum channel. This channel has many legs with several horizontal parts. We used the Monte Carlo method for sampling the neutron history in the slab with a spatial biasing technique in order to accelerate the calculation convergence (Levitt, L. B. (1968) Nuclear Science and Engineering 31, 500-504; Jehouani, A., Ghassoun, J. and Aboubker, A. (1994) In Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Radiation Physics, Rabat, Morocco). We studied the effects of the angle position and the number of horizontal parts of the channel on the neutron transmission. We have studied the effect of the vacuum channel opening (Artigas, R. and Hungerford, H. E. (1969) Nuclear Science and Engineering 36, 295-303) on the neutron transmission; for several values of this opening we have calculated the neutron transmission probability for each detector position. This study allowed us to determine the optimal conditions of vacuum geometries to improve protection against neutrons. In the second part we considered a shield which consists of a slab and a two-legged vacuum channel with two horizontal parts. The spatial distribution of neutrons transmitted through the protection screen was determined. This distribution shows two peaks. The study was made for different distances between the two horizontal parts. We have determined the smallest distance between the two horizontal parts for which the two peaks can be resolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Khanouchi
- Nuclear Physics and Techniques Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, University Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco
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Sabir A, Labraimi M, El Maghraoui M, Abbe J. Neutron activation analysis of Atlantic Moroccan marine sediments. Appl Radiat Isot 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0969-8043(95)00111-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Sabir A, Newbury HJ, Todd G, Catty J, Ford-Lloyd BV. Determination of genetic stability using isozymes and RFLPs in beet plants regenerated in vitro. Theor Appl Genet 1992; 84:113-117. [PMID: 24203036 DOI: 10.1007/bf00223989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/1991] [Accepted: 10/17/1991] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Sugar, fodder and garden beet (Beta vulgaris L.) plants have been regenerated in culture from a range of expiant material. Of the regenerants 764 were subjected to isozyme analysis using eight enzyme-specific stains, and 60 were subjected to RFLP analysis using three cDNA probes. Both molecular techniques allowed the identification of somaclonal variant plants. Assessment of the numbers of variant isozymes and restriction fragments has allowed the calculation of the approximate percentage of variant alleles occurring in any one somaclonal regenerant, namely between 0.05% and 0.1%.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sabir
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Birmingham, P.O. Box 363, B15 2TT, Birmingham, UK
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Farese RV, Bidot-López P, Sabir A, Smith JS, Schinbeckler B, Larson R. Parathyroid hormone acutely increases polyphosphoinositides of the rabbit kidney cortex by a cycloheximide-sensitive process. J Clin Invest 1980; 65:1523-6. [PMID: 6251113 PMCID: PMC371492 DOI: 10.1172/jci109818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Parathyroid hormone(PTH) rapidly increases the concentrations of diphosphoinositide and triphosphoinositide in rabbit kidney cortex. Cycloheximide pretreatment abolishes these effects of PTH. These findings are similar to those reported for adrenocorticotropin and cyclic AMP action in the adrenal cortex, and suggest a common mechanism. Cycloheximide-sensitive effects of PTH, e.g., phosphaturia, may require polyphosphoinositides and/or other phospholipids.
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