1
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Juhl AK, Loksø Dietz L, Schmeltz Søgaard O, Reekie J, Nielsen H, Somuncu Johansen I, Benfield T, Wiese L, Breinholt Stærke N, Østergaard Jensen T, Olesen R, Iversen K, Fogh K, Bodilsen J, Wulff Madsen L, Olaf Lindvig S, Raben D, Dahl Andersen S, Korning Hvidt A, Rode Andreasen S, Baerends EAM, Lundgren J, Østergaard L, Tolstrup M. Longitudinal evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 T cell immunity over 2 years following vaccination and infection. J Infect Dis 2024:jiae215. [PMID: 38687181 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Within a year of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, vaccines inducing a robust humoral and cellular immune response were implemented worldwide. However, emergence of novel variants and waning vaccine induced immunity led to implementation of additional vaccine boosters. METHODS This prospective study evaluated the temporal profile of cellular and serological responses in a cohort of 639 SARS-CoV-2 vaccinated participants, of whom a large proportion experienced a SARS-CoV-2 infection. All participants were infection naïve at the time of their first vaccine dose. Proportions of SARS-CoV-2 Spike-specific T cells were determined after each vaccine dose using the Activation Induced Markers (AIM) assay, while levels of circulating SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were determined by the Meso Scale serology assay. RESULTS We found a significant increase in SARS-CoV-2 Spike-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses following the third dose of a SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine as well as enhanced CD8+ T cell responses after the fourth dose. Further, increased age was associated with a poorer response. Finally, we observed that SARS-CoV-2 infection boosts both the cellular and humoral immune response, relative to vaccine-induced immunity alone. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the boosting effect on T cell immunity of repeated vaccine administration. The combination of multiple vaccine doses and SARS-CoV-2 infections maintains population T cell immunity although with reduced levels in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Karina Juhl
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Lisa Loksø Dietz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Ole Schmeltz Søgaard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Joanne Reekie
- Center of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Nielsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Isik Somuncu Johansen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Thomas Benfield
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lothar Wiese
- Department of Medicine, Zealand University Hospital, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Nina Breinholt Stærke
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Tomas Østergaard Jensen
- Center of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Olesen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Kasper Iversen
- Department of Cardiology and Department of Emergency Medicine, Herlev Hospital, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Kamille Fogh
- Department of Cardiology and Department of Emergency Medicine, Herlev Hospital, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Jacob Bodilsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Lone Wulff Madsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Susan Olaf Lindvig
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Dorthe Raben
- Center of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sidsel Dahl Andersen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Astrid Korning Hvidt
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Signe Rode Andreasen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | | | - Jens Lundgren
- Center of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Dept of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Østergaard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Martin Tolstrup
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
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Lende SSF, Barnkob NM, Hansen RW, Bansia H, Vestergaard M, Rothemejer FH, Worsaae A, Brown D, Pedersen ML, Rahimic AHF, Juhl AK, Gjetting T, Østergaard L, Georges AD, Vuillard LM, Schleimann MH, Koefoed K, Tolstrup M. Discovery of neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 antibodies enriched in a unique antigen specific B cell cluster. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291131. [PMID: 37729215 PMCID: PMC10511142 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite development of effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, a sub-group of vaccine non-responders depends on therapeutic antibodies or small-molecule drugs in cases of severe disease. However, perpetual viral evolution has required continuous efficacy monitoring as well as exploration of new therapeutic antibodies, to circumvent resistance mutations arising in the viral population. We performed SARS-CoV-2-specific B cell sorting and subsequent single-cell sequencing on material from 15 SARS-CoV-2 convalescent participants. Through screening of 455 monoclonal antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 variant binding and virus neutralization, we identified a cluster of activated B cells highly enriched for SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies. Epitope binning and Cryo-EM structure analysis identified the majority of neutralizing antibodies having epitopes overlapping with the ACE2 receptor binding motif (class 1 binders). Extensive functional antibody characterization identified two potent neutralizing antibodies, one retaining SARS-CoV-1 neutralizing capability, while both bind major common variants of concern and display prophylactic efficacy in vivo. The transcriptomic signature of activated B cells harboring broadly binding neutralizing antibodies with therapeutic potential identified here, may be a guide in future efforts of rapid therapeutic antibody discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine Sofie Frank Lende
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Harsh Bansia
- Structural Biology Initiative, CUNY Advanced Science Research Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | | | - Frederik Holm Rothemejer
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Deijona Brown
- Structural Biology Initiative, CUNY Advanced Science Research Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Maria Lange Pedersen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Anna Karina Juhl
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
| | - Torben Gjetting
- Structural Biology Initiative, CUNY Advanced Science Research Center, New York, NY, United States of America
- Antibody Technology, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Lars Østergaard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Amédée Des Georges
- Structural Biology Initiative, CUNY Advanced Science Research Center, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, City College of New York, New York, NY, United States of America
- PhD Programs in Biochemistry, and Chemistry, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States of America
| | | | | | | | - Martin Tolstrup
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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3
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Dietz LL, Juhl AK, Søgaard OS, Reekie J, Nielsen H, Johansen IS, Benfield T, Wiese L, Stærke NB, Jensen TØ, Jakobsen SF, Olesen R, Iversen K, Fogh K, Bodilsen J, Petersen KT, Larsen L, Madsen LW, Lindvig SO, Holden IK, Raben D, Andersen SD, Hvidt AK, Andreasen SR, Baerends EAM, Lundgren J, Østergaard L, Tolstrup M. Impact of age and comorbidities on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-induced T cell immunity. Commun Med (Lond) 2023; 3:58. [PMID: 37095240 PMCID: PMC10124939 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-023-00277-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older age and chronic disease are important risk factors for developing severe COVID-19. At population level, vaccine-induced immunity substantially reduces the risk of severe COVID-19 disease and hospitalization. However, the relative impact of humoral and cellular immunity on protection from breakthrough infection and severe disease is not fully understood. METHODS In a study cohort of 655 primarily older study participants (median of 63 years (IQR: 51-72)), we determined serum levels of Spike IgG antibodies using a Multiantigen Serological Assay and quantified the frequency of SARS-CoV-2 Spike-specific CD4 + and CD8 + T cells using activation induced marker assay. This enabled characterization of suboptimal vaccine-induced cellular immunity. The risk factors of being a cellular hypo responder were assessed using logistic regression. Further follow-up of study participants allowed for an evaluation of the impact of T cell immunity on breakthrough infections. RESULTS We show reduced serological immunity and frequency of CD4 + Spike-specific T cells in the oldest age group (≥75 years) and higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) categories. Male sex, age group ≥75 years, and CCI > 0 is associated with an increased likelihood of being a cellular hypo-responder while vaccine type is a significant risk factor. Assessing breakthrough infections, no protective effect of T cell immunity is identified. CONCLUSIONS SARS-CoV-2 Spike-specific immune responses in both the cellular and serological compartment of the adaptive immune system increase with each vaccine dose and are progressively lower with older age and higher prevalence of comorbidities. The findings contribute to the understanding of the vaccine response in individuals with increased risk of severe COVID-19 disease and hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Loksø Dietz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Anna Karina Juhl
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Ole Schmeltz Søgaard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Joanne Reekie
- Center of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Nielsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Isik Somuncu Johansen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas Benfield
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital-Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lothar Wiese
- Department of Medicine, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Nina Breinholt Stærke
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Tomas Østergaard Jensen
- Center of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stine Finne Jakobsen
- Center of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Olesen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kasper Iversen
- Department of Cardiology and Department of Emergency Medicine, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Kamille Fogh
- Department of Cardiology and Department of Emergency Medicine, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Jacob Bodilsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Lykke Larsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lone Wulff Madsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Susan Olaf Lindvig
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Inge Kristine Holden
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Dorthe Raben
- Center of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | - Jens Lundgren
- Center of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Dept of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Østergaard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Martin Tolstrup
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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4
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Rothemejer FH, Lauritsen NP, Juhl AK, Schleimann MH, König S, Søgaard OS, Bak RO, Tolstrup M. Development of HIV-Resistant CAR T Cells by CRISPR/Cas-Mediated CAR Integration into the CCR5 Locus. Viruses 2023; 15:202. [PMID: 36680242 PMCID: PMC9862650 DOI: 10.3390/v15010202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Adoptive immunotherapy using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells has been highly successful in treating B cell malignancies and holds great potential as a curative strategy for HIV infection. Recent advances in the use of anti-HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) have provided vital information for optimal antigen targeting of CAR T cells. However, CD4+ CAR T cells are susceptible to HIV infection, limiting their therapeutic potential. In the current study, we engineered HIV-resistant CAR T cells using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated integration of a CAR cassette into the CCR5 locus. We used a single chain variable fragment (scFv) of the clinically potent bNAb 10-1074 as the antigen-targeting domain in our anti-HIV CAR T cells. Our anti-HIV CAR T cells showed specific lysis of HIV-infected cells in vitro. In a PBMC humanized mouse model of HIV infection, the anti-HIV CAR T cells expanded and transiently limited HIV infection. In conclusion, this study provides proof-of-concept for developing HIV-resistant CAR T cells using CRISPR/Cas9 targeted integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Holm Rothemejer
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nanna Pi Lauritsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anna Karina Juhl
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mariane Høgsbjerg Schleimann
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Saskia König
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ole Schmeltz Søgaard
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rasmus O. Bak
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
- Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Martin Tolstrup
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
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5
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Stærke NB, Reekie J, Nielsen H, Benfield T, Wiese L, Knudsen LS, Iversen MB, Iversen K, Fogh K, Bodilsen J, Juhl MR, Lindvig SO, Øvrehus A, Madsen LW, Klastrup V, Andersen SD, Juhl AK, Andreasen SR, Ostrowski SR, Erikstrup C, Fischer TK, Tolstrup M, Østergaard L, Johansen IS, Lundgren J, Søgaard OS. Levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among fully vaccinated individuals with Delta or Omicron variant breakthrough infections. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4466. [PMID: 35915081 PMCID: PMC9342834 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32254-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern have continuously evolved and may erode vaccine induced immunity. In this observational cohort study, we determine the risk of breakthrough infection in a fully vaccinated cohort. SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike IgG levels were measured before first SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and at day 21–28, 90 and 180, as well as after booster vaccination. Breakthrough infections were captured through the Danish National Microbiology database. incidence rate ratio (IRR) for breakthrough infection at time-updated anti-spike IgG levels was determined using Poisson regression. Among 6076 participants, 127 and 364 breakthrough infections due to Delta and Omicron variants were observed. IRR was 0.29 (95% CI 0.15–0.56) for breakthrough infection with the Delta variant, comparing the highest and lowest quintiles of anti-spike IgG. For Omicron, no significant differences in IRR were observed. These results suggest that quantitative level of anti-spike IgG have limited impact on the risk of breakthrough infection with Omicron. The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is associated with high rates of vaccine breakthrough infections, but the immunological basis for this is not well characterised. Here, the authors show that increased anti-Spike IgG antibody levels are associated with a reduced risk of infection with the Delta variant, but not with Omicron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Breinholt Stærke
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark. .,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 82, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - Joanne Reekie
- Center of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Nielsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, Hobrovej 18, 9000, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Sdr. Skovvej 15, 9000, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Thomas Benfield
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital-Amager and Hvidovre, Kettegård allé 30, 2650, Hvidovre, Denmark.,Departments of Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lothar Wiese
- Department of Medicine, Zealand University Hospital, Sygehusvej 10, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Lene Surland Knudsen
- Department of Medicine, Zealand University Hospital, Sygehusvej 10, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Mette Brouw Iversen
- Department of Medicine, Zealand University Hospital, Sygehusvej 10, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Kasper Iversen
- Department of Cardiology and Department of Emergency Medicine, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Kamille Fogh
- Department of Cardiology and Department of Emergency Medicine, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Jacob Bodilsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, Hobrovej 18, 9000, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Sdr. Skovvej 15, 9000, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Maria Ruwald Juhl
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, Hobrovej 18, 9000, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Susan Olaf Lindvig
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, J. B. Winsløws Vej 4, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anne Øvrehus
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, J. B. Winsløws Vej 4, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lone Wulff Madsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, J. B. Winsløws Vej 4, 5000, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 19.3, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Klastrup
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Sidsel Dahl Andersen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Anna Karina Juhl
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Signe Rode Andreasen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Sisse Rye Ostrowski
- Departments of Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, Tagensvej 20 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Erikstrup
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 82, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Thea K Fischer
- Departments of Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, Nordsjællands University Hospital, Dyrehavevej 29, 3400, Hillerød, Denmark
| | - Martin Tolstrup
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 82, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Lars Østergaard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 82, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Isik Somuncu Johansen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, J. B. Winsløws Vej 4, 5000, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 19.3, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Jens Lundgren
- Center of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Departments of Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole Schmeltz Søgaard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 82, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
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6
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Liu C, Li S, Noer PR, Kjaer-Sorensen K, Juhl AK, Goldstein A, Ke C, Oxvig C, Duan C. The metalloproteinase Papp-aa controls epithelial cell quiescence-proliferation transition. eLife 2020; 9:e52322. [PMID: 32293560 PMCID: PMC7185994 DOI: 10.7554/elife.52322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human patients carrying PAPP-A2 inactivating mutations have low bone mineral density. The underlying mechanisms for this reduced calcification are poorly understood. Using a zebrafish model, we report that Papp-aa regulates bone calcification by promoting Ca2+-transporting epithelial cell (ionocyte) quiescence-proliferation transition. Ionocytes, which are normally quiescent, re-enter the cell cycle under low [Ca2+] stress. Genetic deletion of Papp-aa, but not the closely related Papp-ab, abolished ionocyte proliferation and reduced calcified bone mass. Loss of Papp-aa expression or activity resulted in diminished IGF1 receptor-Akt-Tor signaling in ionocytes. Under low Ca2+ stress, Papp-aa cleaved Igfbp5a. Under normal conditions, however, Papp-aa proteinase activity was suppressed and IGFs were sequestered in the IGF/Igfbp complex. Pharmacological disruption of the IGF/Igfbp complex or adding free IGF1 activated IGF signaling and promoted ionocyte proliferation. These findings suggest that Papp-aa-mediated local Igfbp5a cleavage functions as a [Ca2+]-regulated molecular switch linking IGF signaling to bone calcification by stimulating epithelial cell quiescence-proliferation transition under low Ca2+ stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengdong Liu
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Pernille Rimmer Noer
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Anna Karina Juhl
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Allison Goldstein
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Caihuan Ke
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Claus Oxvig
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Cunming Duan
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
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