Yekebas EF, Eisenberger CF, Ohnesorge H, Saalmüller A, Elsner HA, Engelhardt M, Gillesen A, Meins J, The M, Strate T, Busch C, Knoefel WT, Bloechle C, Izbicki JR. Attenuation of sepsis-related immunoparalysis by continuous veno-venous hemofiltration in experimental porcine pancreatitis.
Crit Care Med 2001;
29:1423-30. [PMID:
11445702 DOI:
10.1097/00003246-200107000-00021]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
In light of evidence suggesting that hemofiltration favorably influences septic diseases by removing sepsis mediators, the impact of different modalities of continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) on outcome and immunologic derangements in porcine pancreatogenic sepsis was evaluated.
DESIGN
Randomized, controlled intervention trial.
SUBJECTS
Forty-eight minipigs of either sex.
INTERVENTIONS
Pancreatitis was induced by intraductal injection of sodium taurocholate (4%, 1 mL/kg body weight [BW]) and enterokinase (2 U/kg BW). Animals were allocated either to untreated controls-group 1-or to one of three treatment groups-group 2: low-volume CVVH (20 mL/kg BW), no change of hemofilters; group 3: low-volume CVVH, filters changed every 12 hrs; and group 4: high-volume CVVH (100 mL/kg BW), filters changed every 12 hrs. Survival represented the major parameter of the study. Serum cytokine levels, sepsis-related down-regulation of major histocompatibility complex II and CD14 expression on leukocytes, bacterial translocation, and endotoxemia were further parameters evaluated in the study.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS
High-volume CVVH combined with periodic filter change was significantly superior compared with less intensive treatment modalities (low-volume CVVH, no filter change) in sepsis protection. Long-term survival (>60 hrs) was found in 67% of group 4 and 33% of group 3 animals (p <.05), whereas in controls and group 2 no animal survived. CVVH ameliorated the initial serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha response and prevented sepsis-induced in vitro endotoxin hyporesponsiveness. Down-regulation of major histocompatibility complex II and CD14 expression on monocytes was significantly improved by CVVH. Improved oxidative burst and phagocytosis capacity in polymorphonuclear leukocytes suggested that leukocyte function was stabilized by CVVH. Also, CVVH significantly reduced bacterial translocation and endotoxemia.
CONCLUSIONS
Hemofiltration reversed sepsis-induced immunoparalysis in a porcine model of bile acid-induced pancreatitis. Implications for human pancreatitis must be validated in prospective, clinical protocols.
Collapse