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Ciardiello F, Bang YJ, Cervantes A, Dvorkin M, Lopez CD, Metges JP, Sánchez Ruiz A, Calvo M, Strickland AH, Kannourakis G, Muro K, Kawakami H, Wei J, Borg C, Zhu Z, Gupta N, Pelham RJ, Shen L. Efficacy and safety of maintenance therapy with pamiparib versus placebo for advanced gastric cancer responding to first-line platinum-based chemotherapy: Phase 2 study results. Cancer Med 2023. [PMID: 37260158 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) are approved for the treatment of various solid tumors. In gastric cancer, genes commonly harbor mutations in the homologous recombination DNA repair pathway, potentially increasing sensitivity to PARPi. Pamiparib (BGB-290) is a small molecule inhibitor of PARP1 and PARP2. METHODS The PARALLEL-303 study (NCT03427814) investigated the efficacy and safety of pamiparib 60 mg orally (PO) twice daily (BID) versus placebo PO BID as maintenance therapy in patients with inoperable locally advanced or metastatic gastric cancer that responded to platinum-based first-line chemotherapy. The primary endpoint of this double-blind, randomized, global phase 2 study was progression-free survival (PFS) (RECIST version 1.1; per investigator assessment). Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS) and safety. RESULTS In total, 136 patients were randomized 1:1 to receive pamiparib (n = 71) or placebo (n = 65). Median PFS was numerically longer with pamiparib versus placebo but did not reach statistical significance (3.7 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.9, 5.3] vs. 2.1 months [95% CI: 1.9, 3.8]; hazard ratio 0.8 [95% CI: 0.5, 1.2]; p = 0.1428). Median OS was 10.2 months (95% CI: 8.7, 16.3) in the pamiparib arm versus 12.0 months (95% CI: 8.2, not estimable) in the placebo arm. Overall, 8 patients (11.3%) in the pamiparib arm and 2 patients (3.1%) in the placebo arm experienced ≥1 TEAE leading to treatment discontinuation. CONCLUSIONS Maintenance pamiparib did not meet statistical significance for superiority versus placebo for PFS, but was well tolerated with few treatment discontinuations; no unexpected safety signals were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fortunato Ciardiello
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Yung-Jue Bang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Andrés Cervantes
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, CiberOnc, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mikhail Dvorkin
- Algorithmic Biology Laboratory, St. Petersburg Academic University, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Charles D Lopez
- Department of Medicine, Knight Cancer Institute/Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Jean-Philippe Metges
- Institute of Oncology and Haematology, CHU Morvan, Arpego Network, Brest, France
| | | | - Mariona Calvo
- Department of Medical Oncology, ONCOBELL Program (IDIBELL), Institut Català d'Oncologia-L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrew H Strickland
- Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - George Kannourakis
- Ballarat Oncology & Haematology Services, Wendouree, Victoria, Australia
- The Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kei Muro
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hisato Kawakami
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Jia Wei
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Christophe Borg
- University Hospital of Besançon, Medical Oncology Department, CIC-BT1431, Besançon, France
- UMR1098, Molecular and Cellular Immune Therapies of Cancers, INSERM, Besançon, France
| | - Zhaoyin Zhu
- Clinical Development, BeiGene Ltd, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Neal Gupta
- Clinical Development, BeiGene Ltd, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert J Pelham
- Clinical Development, BeiGene Ltd, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lin Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
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Novaretti MCZ, Ruiz AS, Dorlhiac-Llacer PE, Chamone DAF. Application of real-time PCR and melting curve analysis in rapid Diego blood group genotyping. Immunohematology 2010; 26:66-70. [PMID: 20932077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The paucity of appropriate reagents for serologic typing of the Diego blood group antigens has prompted the development of a real-time PCR and melting curve analysis for Diego blood group genotyping. In this study, we phenotyped 4326 donor blood samples for Di(a) using semiautomated equipment. All 157 Di(a+) samples were then genotyped by PCR using sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP) for DI*02 because of anti-Di(b) scarcity. Of the 4326 samples, we simultaneously tested 160 samples for Di(a) and Di(b) serology, and DI*01 and DI*02 by PCR-SSP and by real-time PCR. We used the same primers for Diego genotyping by real-time PCR and PCR-SSP. Melting curve profiles obtained using the dissociation software of the real-time PCR apparatus enabled the discrimination of Diego alleles. Of the total samples tested, 4169 blood donors, 96.4 percent (95% confidence interval [CI], 95.8-96.9%), were homozygous for DI*02 and 157, 3.6 percent (95% CI, 3.1%-4.2%), were heterozygous DI*01/02. No blood donor was found to be homozygous for DI*01 in this study. The calculated DI*01 and DI*02 allele frequencies were 0.0181 (95% CI, 0.0173-0.0189) and 0.9819 (95% CI, 0.9791-0.9847), respectively, showing a good fit for the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. There was full concordance among Diego phenotype results by PCR-SSP and real-time PCR. DI*01 and DI*02 allele determination with SYBR Green I and thermal cycler technology are useful methods for Diego determination. The real-time PCR with SYBR Green I melting temperature protocol can be used as a rapid screening tool for DI*01 and DI*02 blood group genotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Z Novaretti
- Immunohematology Division, Fundacao Pro-Sangue Hemocentro de Sao Paulo, Assistant Professor Hematology Department, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Eneas Carvalho de Aguiar, 155-1 andar, Sao Paulo, SP-Brazil CEP 05403-000, Brazil
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Abstract
Cyclodepsipeptides comprise a wide variety of cyclic peptides of natural origin and are characterized by the occurrence of at least one ester linkage. The great interest that this class of natural products has elicited in scientific community is explained by their wide range of biological activities, intriguing mechanisms of action and attractive molecular architecture. For example, they display a variety of biological effects, such as immunosuppressant, antibiotic, antifungi, antiinflammatory or antitumoral activities. In addition, many of these cyclic depsipeptides represent useful tools for the research of biological processes involved in cellular regulation. The present review deals with the most interesting aspects of the biology and the chemistry of some of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Sarabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n. 29071-Málaga, Spain.
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Nicodemo AC, Araujo MRE, Ruiz AS, Gales AC. In vitro susceptibility of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates: comparison of disc diffusion, Etest and agar dilution methods. J Antimicrob Chemother 2004; 53:604-8. [PMID: 14973153 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkh128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The disc diffusion, Etest and agar dilution techniques were compared to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of 70 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates to seven antimicrobial agents. The S. maltophilia isolates were consecutively collected from May 2000 to May 2002 from individual patients, who were hospitalized in a private Brazilian hospital. The antimicrobial susceptibility tests were carried out and interpreted according to the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) recommendations. The Etest was carried out according to the manufacturer's instructions. There was good agreement among the distinct susceptibility testing results for chloramphenicol, doxycycline, gatifloxacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ticarcillin-clavulanate, suggesting that the disc diffusion and Etest methods are reliable for testing this group of antimicrobials against S. maltophilia. In contrast, a weak correlation was found between the disc diffusion and agar dilution techniques for testing polymyxin B and colistin with unacceptable very major error rates (18.1% and 22.7% for polymyxin B and colistin, respectively). Trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole (MIC50, 0.06 mg/L; 98.5% susceptible) and gatifloxacin (MIC50, 0.12 mg/L; 98.5% susceptible) were the most potent antimicrobial agents tested against S. maltophilia isolates. In contrast, the worst in vitro activity was found for ticarcillin-clavulanate (MIC50, 16 mg/L; 59.1% susceptible). Although our results confirm that trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, gatifloxacin and doxycycline have an excellent in vitro activity against S. maltophilia, further clinical studies are necessary to evaluate the clinical efficacy of these compounds for the treatment of S. maltophilia infections, since no randomized controlled trials have been carried out and no correlation between the clinical response and susceptibility testing results has been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Nicodemo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of São Paulo Medical School, S.P., Brazil.
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Kenney NJ, Kott JN, Tomoyasu N, Bhatia AJ, Ruiz AS, McDowell MM. Body weight of rats following area postrema ablation: effect of early force-feeding. Am J Physiol 1989; 256:R939-45. [PMID: 2705582 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.1989.256.4.r939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the effect of intragastric force-feeding of a milk diet on body weights of rats with lesions of the area postrema/caudal medial nucleus of the solitary tract (AP/cmNTS). Force-feeding was conducted over the first 10 days after the ablation. Body weight was monitored both during and after force-feeding. Food intake was measured during all ad libitum feeding periods. During force-feeding, rats with AP/cmNTS lesions gained weight at the same rate as force-fed sham-lesioned rats or sham-lesioned rats that voluntarily ingested an equal amount of the milk. When returned to ad libitum feeding, lesioned rats that had been force-fed were not hypophagic and did not lose weight. Body weights of such rats remained above those of lesioned rats that were not force-fed and similar to those of nonlesioned rats throughout this study. Despite their normal weights, preliminary analysis indicated that body fat of the force-fed lesioned rats may have been reduced. These findings suggest that the effects of AP/cmNTS ablation are multiple and that reduction of body weight need not be the primary effect of such lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J Kenney
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle 98195
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