Arabidopsis plants overexpressing additional copies of heat shock protein Hsp101 showed high heat tolerance and endo-gene silencing

Hsp101 chaperone is vital for survival of plants under heat stress. We generated transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) lines with extra copies of Hsp101 gene using diverse approaches. Arabidopsis plants transformed with rice Hsp101 cDNA driven by Arabidopsis Hsp101 promoter (IN lines) showed high heat tolerance while the plants transformed with rice Hsp101 cDNA driven by CaMV35S promoter (C lines) were like wild type plants in heat stress response. Transformation of Col-0 plants with 4633 bp Hsp101 genomic fragment (GF lines) from A. thaliana containing both its coding and the regulatory sequence resulted in mostly over-expressor (OX) lines and a few under-expressor (UX) lines of Hsp101. OX lines showed enhanced heat tolerance while the UX lines were overly heat sensitive. In UX lines, silencing of not only Hsp101 endo-gene was noted but also transcript of choline kinase (CK2) was silenced. Previous work established that in Arabidopsis, CK2 and Hsp101 are convergent gene pairs sharing a bidirectional promoter. The elevated AtHsp101 protein amount in most GF and IN lines was accompanied by lowered CK2 transcript levels under HS. We observed increased methylation of the promoter and gene sequence region in UX lines; however, methylation was lacking in OX lines.

Thermoluminescence characteristics of sodium chloride salt-stressed Indian mustard seedlings

The thermoluminescence (TL) parameters in the intact leaves and the thylakoids isolated from leaves of NaCl treated seedlings showed different patterns of change. NaCl treatment brings about a destabilization of QA and QB, leading to a decrease in Q and B bands in the leaves. However, the Q and B band intensity of isolated thylakoids increased in NaCl-treated seedlings. The differences in the TL intensities are described as the action of NaCl on the density of quinones per unit leaf area and on chlorophyll units in isolated thylakoids.

Increase in the intensity of thermoluminescence Q-band during leaf ageing is due to a block in the electron transfer from Q( A) to Q( B)

The thermoluminescence (TL) parameters in intact leaves and thylakoids isolated from leaves showed a different pattern of change during leaf ageing. Ageing of leaves brought about a decrease in the B-band and a simultaneous increase in the Q-band. Thylakoids showed only a decrease in the B-band. The TL bands further show that there is generation of an endogenous electron transport inhibitor during leaf ageing.