1
|
Hemati A, Alikhani HA, Babaei M, Ajdanian L, Asgari Lajayer B, van Hullebusch ED. Effects of foliar application of humic acid extracts and indole acetic acid on important growth indices of canola (Brassica napus L.). Sci Rep 2022; 12:20033. [PMID: 36414656 PMCID: PMC9681778 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21997-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Vermicompost (VC) is a rich source of HA that improves plant growth and yield indices such as fresh and dry weights, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, and chlorophyll index value. In this study, the effect of foliar application of HA extracted from different types of VC enriched with bacteria and/or fertilizers, commercial HA (CHA) and indole acetic acid (IAA) on the growth characteristics of canola (Brassica napus) in greenhouse conditions were compared. According to the results, the foliar application of HA extracted from VC had complete superiority over CHA and IAA in most traits except for the leaf number. Furthermore, the highest level of foliar application of HA (600 mg L-1) enriched with Azotobacter chroococcum (21Az) + Pseudomonas fluorescens (Ps 59) (HA-AS) generated the highest height, diameter, leaf area, and chlorophyll index value. Also, the highest stomatal conductance and photosynthesis rate were observed with the application of 600 mg L-1 HA extracted from VC enriched with nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus (HA-NSP) compared to the other treatments. Besides, dry and fresh weights and seed yield under HA-NSP and HA-AS treatments were at their highest rate. Among the extracted HAs, the one extracted from the nitrogen enriched VC had the lowest efficiency. Based on the present study, the HA extracted from VC enriched with Azotobacter, Pseudomonas and NSP is recommended to increase canola growth and production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arash Hemati
- grid.412831.d0000 0001 1172 3536Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran ,CEO of Qizil Topraq Sahand Company, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Hossein Ali Alikhani
- grid.46072.370000 0004 0612 7950Department of Soil Science, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Babaei
- grid.411301.60000 0001 0666 1211Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ladan Ajdanian
- grid.411301.60000 0001 0666 1211Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Behnam Asgari Lajayer
- grid.412831.d0000 0001 1172 3536Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Eric D. van Hullebusch
- grid.9489.c0000 0001 0675 8101Université Paris Cité, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hemati A, Nazari M, Asgari Lajayer B, Smith DL, Astatkie T. Lignocellulosics in plant cell wall and their potential biological degradation. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2022; 67:671-681. [PMID: 35508797 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-022-00974-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic materials are composed of three main structural polymers: hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin. Cellulose is a long chain molecule of glucose requiring a small number of enzymes for degradation due to its simple structure while lignin is a complex polymer of phenylpropane making its biochemical decomposition difficult. Under anaerobic conditions, lignocellulose breakdown is much easier and more rapid than aerobic conditions. Various studies have been carried out to estimate the rate of degradation of lignocellulosic materials. Microorganisms play a key role in the degradation of lignocellulosic materials because they produce a variety of hydrolytic enzymes including cellulase, proteases, xylanases, lipases, laccase, and phosphatases during the degradation of lignocellulosic materials. Based on the body of literature, microorganismal activity can provide useful information about the process of organic matter decomposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arash Hemati
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahtab Nazari
- Department of Plant Sciences, Macdonald Campus/McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Behnam Asgari Lajayer
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Donald L Smith
- Department of Plant Sciences, Macdonald Campus/McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Tess Astatkie
- Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, B2N 5E3, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hemati A, Alikhani HA, Ajdanian L, Babaei M, Asgari Lajayer B, van Hullebusch ED. Effect of Different Enriched Vermicomposts, Humic Acid Extract and Indole-3-Acetic Acid Amendments on the Growth of Brassica napus. Plants 2022; 11:plants11020227. [PMID: 35050115 PMCID: PMC8781061 DOI: 10.3390/plants11020227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Humic acid (HA) is a specific and stable component of humus materials that behaves similarly to growth stimulants, esp. auxin hormones, contributing to improving growth indices and performance of plants. As a rich source of HA, vermicompost (VC) is also a plant growth stimulating bio-fertilizer that can enhance growth indices and performance in plants. The purpose of the present study is to compare the influence of VC enriched with bacterial and/or fertilizer, commercial humic acid (CHA) extract, and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) on improving growth characteristics and performance of rapeseed under greenhouse conditions. The results showed the complete superiority of VC over the CHA and IAA (approximately 8% increase in the dry weights of root and aerial organ and nearly three times increase in seed weight). The highest values of these indices were obtained with VC enriched with Nitrogen, Sulfur, and Phosphorus, Azotobacter chroococcum and Pseudomonas fluorescens; the lowest value was obtained with VC enriched with urea. Additionally, the application of 3% VC and the control involved the highest and lowest values in all traits, respectively. The SPAD (chlorophyll index) value and stem diameter were not significantly affected by different application levels of VC. Overall, the applications of IAA and the CHA were not found to be suitable and therefore not recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arash Hemati
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616422, Iran;
- Correspondence: (A.H.); (E.D.v.H.)
| | - Hossein Ali Alikhani
- Department of Soil Science, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417466191, Iran;
| | - Ladan Ajdanian
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran; (L.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Mehdi Babaei
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran; (L.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Behnam Asgari Lajayer
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616422, Iran;
| | - Eric D. van Hullebusch
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Université de Paris, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
- Correspondence: (A.H.); (E.D.v.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gerami Z, Lakzian A, Hemati A, Amirifar A, Asgari Lajayer B, van Hullebusch ED. Effect of cadmium on sorghum root colonization by glomeral fungi and its impact on total and easily extractable glomalin production. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:34570-34583. [PMID: 33651291 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13205-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Glomalin is a specific glycoprotein compound synthesized by glomeral fungi and its amount varies according to soil conditions. Due to the symbiosis of these fungi with a multitude of plants, a remarkable amount of glomalin is produced inside the hypha wall of these fungi. Furthermore, while increasing the symbiosis stability, glomalin plays a critical role in reducing the availability of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) through their fixation. In this regard, soil contamination with PTEs such as cadmium (Cd) affects the glomalin production of mycorrhiza fungi. In order to investigate the effect of different levels of Cd on glomalin production of three species of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi in the presence of sorghum, a greenhouse experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement and three repetitions. Factors include four levels of Cd (0, 5, 10, 20 milligrams per kilogram of soil) and second factor included these three types of mycorrhiza: Funneliformis mosseae (FM), Rhizophagus intraradices (RI), and Claroideoglomus etunicatum (CE). The results of this study showed that when increasing soil Cd concentration, shoot dry weight, root colonization percentage, total and easily extractable glomalin decreased while leaf proline concentration, shoot, and root Cd concentration increased. The presence of mycorrhiza in comparison with the control increased the dry weight of shoots and plant height. The results showed that mycorrhizal treatments increased total and easily extractable glomalin compared to the absence of mycorrhiza. Also, the highest amount of glomalin production was observed in two species of FM and CE. Complexation of Cd by total glomalin and easily extractable glomalin was higher in two species of FM and CE rather than RI. The results showed that the use of three species of mycorrhizae reduced the adverse effects of high levels of Cd. Also, the concentration of leaf proline, soluble sugars, shoot, and root Cd concentration was higher in presence of mycorrhizal fungal species than in plant not inoculated with mycorrhizal fungal species. This increase was significant in both FM and CE species. Finally, a notable positive correlation was also observed between glomalin measured by Bradford method and percentage of root colonization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Gerami
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Lakzian
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arash Hemati
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Arian Amirifar
- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran
| | - Behnam Asgari Lajayer
- Health and Environment Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Eric D van Hullebusch
- Université de Paris, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, CNRS, F-75005, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hemati A, Aliasgharzad N, Khakvar R, Khoshmanzar E, Asgari Lajayer B, van Hullebusch ED. Role of lignin and thermophilic lignocellulolytic bacteria in the evolution of humification indices and enzymatic activities during compost production. Waste Manag 2021; 119:122-134. [PMID: 33059162 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of lignin content and thermophilic lignocellulolytic bacteria bioaugmentation on composting process. Treatments including bioaugmentation with thermophilic lignocellulolytic bacteria isolates such as Paenibacillus validus, Paenibacillus koreensis, Bacillus nealsonii, a mixture of the three mentioned bacterial isolates and control were compared at two level of organic media (high lignin content and low lignin content) in the form of nested factorial design. Several indices such as humification and enzymatic activities were monitored to evaluate the composting rate. The results revealed that high lignin treatments displayed higher ligninase, xylanase, protease and urease enzymatic activities compared to low lignin treatments. On the other hand, low lignin treatments showed higher level of humification indices, cellulase, beta-glucosidase and alkaline phosphomonoesterase enzymatic activities in comparison with high lignin treatments. Also, all measured enzymatic activities are at their highest between the second and the tenth weeks; however, this trend decreased to reach a steady point from the 18th weeks to the 24th weeks, but for urease enzymatic activity, a totally different trend in high and low lignin treatments was observed. Moreover, the highest humification indices as well as the cellulase and β-glucosidase enzymatic activities were associated to the Bacillus nealsonii isolate and the full consortium. They also displayed the highest ligninase, xylanase, protease, and urease and phosphatase activities. The efficient isolates shortened the time required for completing the composting process for about 2 to 4 weeks compared to the control treatments. For all measured indices, the control treatment had the lowest values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arash Hemati
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Nasser Aliasgharzad
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Khakvar
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elaheh Khoshmanzar
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behnam Asgari Lajayer
- Health and Environment Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Eric D van Hullebusch
- Université de Paris, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Salahzadeh Z, Rezaei M, Adigozali H, Sarbakhsh P, Hemati A, Khalilian-Ekrami N. The Evaluation of Trunk Muscle Endurance in People with And Without forward Head Posture:a Cross Sectional Study. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J 2020. [DOI: 10.32098/mltj.04.2020.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Z. Salahzadeh
- Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - M. Rezaei
- Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - H. Adigozali
- Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - P. Sarbakhsh
- Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - A. Hemati
- Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - N. Khalilian-Ekrami
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
|