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Novel benchmark values for redo liver transplantation – does the outcome justify the effort? Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac178.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
In the era of organ shortage, redo liver transplantation (reLT) is frequently discussed in terms of expected poor outcome, high cost and therefore wasteful resources. However, there is a lack of benchmark data to reliably assess outcomes after reLT. The aim of this study was to define the ideal reLT case, and to establish clinically relevant benchmark values for best achievable outcome in reLT.
Methods
We collected data on reLT between January 2010 and December 2018 from 22 high volume transplant centers on three continents. Benchmark cases were defined as recipients with model of end-stage liver disease score <=25, absence of portal vein thrombosis, no mechanical ventilation before surgery, receiving a graft from a donor after brain death. In addition, early reLT including those for primary non-function (PNF) were excluded. Clinically relevant endpoints covering intra- and postoperative course were selected and complications were graded by severity using the Clavien-Dindo classification and the comprehensive complication index (CCI). The benchmark cutoff for each outcome was derived from the 75th percentile of the median values of all benchmark centers, indicating the “best achievable” result. To assess the utility of the newly established benchmark values, we analyzed patients who received reLT for PNF (non-benchmark patients).
Results
Out of 1110 reLT 413 (37.2%) qualified as benchmark cases. Benchmark values included: Length of intensive care unit and hospital stay: <=6 and <=24 days, respectively; Clavien-Dindo grade >=3a complications and the CCI at 1 year: <=76% and <=72.2, respectively; in-hospital and 1-year mortality rates: <=14.0% and <=14.3%, respectively. The cutoffs for transplant-specific complications such as biliary complications at 1 year, outflow problems at 1 year and hepatic artery thrombosis at discharge were <=27.3%, <=2.5% and <=4.8%, respectively. Patients receiving a reLT for PNF showed mean outcome values all outside the reLT benchmark values. In-hospital mortality rate was 34.4% and the mean CCI at discharge 68.8.
Conclusion
ReLT remains associated with high morbidity and mortality. The availability of benchmark values for outcome parameters of reLT may serve for comparison in any future analyses of individuals, patient groups, or centers, but also in the evaluation of new therapeutic strategies and principles.
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Injury characteristics, initial clinical status, and severe injuries associated with spinal fractures in a retrospective cohort of 506 trauma patients. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2021; 91:527-536. [PMID: 34432757 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000003249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our aim was to describe the characteristics of vertebral fractures, the presence of associated injuries, and clinical status within the first days in a severe trauma population. METHODS All patients with severe trauma admitted to our level 1 trauma center between January 2015 and December 2018 with a vertebral fracture were analyzed retrospectively. The fractures were determined by the AO Spine classification as stable (A0, A1, and A2 types) or unstable (A3, A4, B, and C types). Clinical status was defined as stable, intermediate, or unstable based on clinicobiological parameters and anatomic injuries. Severe extraspinal injuries and emergent procedures were studied. Three groups were compared: stable fracture, unstable fracture, and spinal cord injury (SCI) group. RESULTS A total of 425 patients were included (mean ± SD age, 43.8 ± 19.6 years; median Injury Severity Score, 22 [interquartile range, 17-34]; 72% male); 72 (17%) in the SCI group, 116 (27%) in the unstable fracture group, and 237 (56%) in the stable fracture group; 62% (95% confidence interval [CI], 57-67%) had not a stable clinical status on admission (unstable, 30%; intermediate, 32%), regardless of the group (p = 0.38). This decreased to 31% (95% CI, 27-35%) on day 3 and 23% (95% CI, 19-27%) on day 5, regardless of the group (p = 0.27 and p = 0.25). Progression toward stable clinical status between D1 and D5 was 63% (95% CI, 58-68%) overall but was statistically lower in the SCI group. Severe extraspinal injuries (85% [95% CI, 82-89%]) and extraspinal emergent procedures (56% [95% CI, 52-61%]) were comparable between the three groups. Only abdominal injuries and hemostatic procedures significantly differed significantly (p = 0.003 and p = 0.009). CONCLUSION More than the half of the patients with severe trauma had altered initial clinical status or severe extraspinal injuries that were not compatible with safe early surgical management for the vertebral fracture. These observations were independent of the stability of the fracture or the presence of an SCI. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Prognostic and epidemiological, level III.
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Vaginal neutrophils eliminate sperm by trogocytosis. Hum Reprod 2021; 35:2567-2578. [PMID: 33011783 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deaa198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION What is the vaginal polymorphonuclear (PMN) spermicidal mechanism to reduce the excess of sperm? SUMMARY ANSWER We show that PMNs are very efficient at killing sperm by a trogocytosis-dependent spermicidal activity independent of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Trogocytosis has been described as an active membrane exchange between immune cells with a regulatory purpose. Recently, trogocytosis has been reported as a mechanism which PMNs use to kill tumour cells or Trichomonas vaginalis. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION We used in vivo murine models and human ex vivo sperm and PMNs to investigate the early PMN-sperm response. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS We set up a live/dead sperm detection system in the presence of PMNs to investigate in vivo and ex vivo PMN-spermicidal activity by confocal microscopy, flow cytometry and computer-assisted sperm analysis (SCA). MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE We revealed that PMNs are highly efficient at killing sperm by way of a NETs-independent, contact-dependent and serine proteases-dependent engulfment mechanism. PMNs 'bite' sperm and quickly reduce sperm motility (within 5 min) and viability (within 20 min) after contact. LARGE SCALE DATA N/A. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION This study was conducted using murine models and healthy human blood PMNs; whether it is relevant to human vaginal PMNs or to cases of infertility is unknown. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Vaginal PMNs attack and immobilize excess sperm in the vagina by trogocytosis because sperm are exogenous and may carry pathogens. Furthermore, this mechanism of sperm regulation has low mucosal impact and avoids an exacerbated inflammatory response that could lead to mucosal damage or infertility. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was partially supported by Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness ISCIII-FIS grants, PI16/00050, and PI19/00078, co-financed by ERDF (FEDER) Funds from the European Commission, 'A way of making Europe' and IiSGM intramural grant II-PI-MRC-2017. M.R. holds a Miguel Servet II contract (CPII14/00009). M.C.L. holds IiSGM intramural contract. There are no competing interests.
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Prenatal diagnosis of congenital dislocated spine and complex heterotaxy syndrome with 3D ultrasound and helical computed tomography. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2021; 57:346-347. [PMID: 32086974 DOI: 10.1002/uog.22001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
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[Comparison of obstetric prognosis of attempts of breech delivery: Spontaneous labor versus induced labor]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 46:632-638. [PMID: 30170864 DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Delivery mode in breech presentation (BP) is often controversial. Spontaneous labor, when vaginal birth seems safe, allows to better estimate uterus contractility, fetus' accommodation to maternal pelvis and optimize monitoring with a partograph. Induced labor in BP was usually contra-indicated. Lack of strong scientific evidence on this matter has permitted a progressive and careful evolution in obstetrical management, with the introduction of induced labor in BP. The aim of our study is to compare vaginal birth rates when labor is induced versus when spontaneous in BP. Maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality parameters were also evaluated. METHODS In this retrospective study were included 206 patients carrying fetuses in BP, between June 2012 and June 2017. 182 of them had spontaneous labor and 24 experienced induced labor. Inclusion criteria were singleton pregnancy, BP after 34 weeks of gestation and vaginal delivery authorized by a senior obstetrician. Multiple pregnancy, birth before 34 weeks of gestation, uterine scar, planned caesarian section for BP, intra-uterine fetal death and medical termination of pregnancy were excluded. Induction of labor was performed for medical reason on a favorable cervix. RESULTS There was no significant difference in cesarean section rates between the two "induced" and "spontaneous" labor groups in BP (OR=1.69 [CI95%: 0.71-4.04]). We observed no difference between the two groups in neither perineum trauma nor post-partum hemorrhage. No difference was found between the two groups in rates of Apgar score<7 5minutes after birth, neonatal transfer, fetal trauma and pH at birth. CONCLUSION Despite our small population, it seems acceptable to propose induced labor for medical reason if cervix is favorable in BP if a protocol is available stating acceptability criteria for vaginal birth. It can avoid unnecessary caesarian section and allow better obstetrical outcome. It would be interesting to study fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality criteria in induced labor versus planned cesarean section when patients could be eligible for induced labor in BP.
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Le diagnostic anténatal modifie-t-il la prise en charge néonatale et le devenir à 1 an des enfants suivis pour atrésie de l’œsophage de type III ? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 44:848-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgyn.2014.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2014] [Revised: 11/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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[Not Available]. ANNALS OF BURNS AND FIRE DISASTERS 2015; 28:196-204. [PMID: 27279807 PMCID: PMC4883605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The early management of pediatric hand burns includes surgical treatment, medical follow up and prevention of abnormal scarring by splits and/or pressure garment therapy. The aim of this review was to find the best available evidence in the literature on the surgical part of this management. This review started with a search in the PubMed database for the keywords, hand AND/OR child AND/OR burn. Only the articles published between January 1(st), 2005 and January 1(st), 2011 were selected. The data were compared to French and American textbooks. Contradictory findings were reported on the timing of the excision and graft, with only two comparative studies reported, with a lot of biases. The state of the art on the initial management of hand burns in children is not totally conclusive due to the lack of statistic power in these studies, but many expert opinions help to define options for good therapeutic paradigms. It is important to include these patients in prospective protocols with both early and long-term follow-up in order to increase the amount of evidence at our disposal.
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P-224 – Intoxication chronique à la méthadone chez un nourrisson. Arch Pediatr 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(15)30404-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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9
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[Finger flexor tenolysis]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 33 Suppl:S48-57. [PMID: 25281402 DOI: 10.1016/j.main.2014.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 06/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Flexor tendon adhesions in zone II are common. The origin of these adhesions is multifactorial. Flexor tenolysis consists of releasing the adhesions to restore the tendon's normal path and the patient's active range of motion. This surgery is complex and extremely delicate. It must be associated with early active mobilization. Any surgical procedure that would hamper this active mobilization must be completed before the flexor tenolysis. The patient should be informed of the risk of flexor digitorum profundus rupture, which is the main complication of this surgery.
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SFCP CO-18 - Prévalence de l’œsophage de Barrett dans l’atrésie de l’œsophage. Arch Pediatr 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(14)71656-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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11
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SFP P-085 – Dénutrition et nutrition entérale pour tumeurs solides à haut risque. Arch Pediatr 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(14)72055-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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[Recovery of elbow flexion in post-traumatic C5-C6 and C5-C6-C7 palsy: retrospective dual-center study comparing single and double nerve transfer]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 33:211-8. [PMID: 24685598 DOI: 10.1016/j.main.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-nine patients underwent single (n=15) or double (n=14) nerve transfer for post-traumatic elbow flexion palsy. Patients averaged 30.2 years, with a mean preoperative delay of six months and postoperative follow-up of 34.2 months. Sixty per cent of the single transfer patients recovered to BMRC grade M4 after an average of follow-up of 13.2 months. Eighty-five percent of double nerve transfer patients reached grade M4 after an average follow-up of 11 months. There were no significant differences between groups. Clinical assessment revealed motor or sensory deficit in seven cases, which did not cause any impairment. Patients with a C5-C6 injury had shorter recovery times and better strength in comparison with those with C5-C6-C7 injury. By restoring shoulder function, elbow flexion will be indirectly improved. This improvement can be partially attributed to the base of the arm being more stable.
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Impact of dry weather discharges on annual pollution from a separate storm sewer in Toulouse, France. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2013; 452-453:394-403. [PMID: 23538109 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The city of Toulouse with its separate sewer system is ideal for studying stormwater. However, during dry weather, the storm sewer also discharges water into the environment, and it is the impact of these discharges on annual pollution from storm sewer that is the object of this study. Samples have been taken from the outlets of two storm drains located in heavily and moderately urbanized areas. Sampling has been undertaken during wet weather and during dry weather between January 2010 and February 2011. Three dry weather and two wet weather samples have been taken every three months and from each outlet. The overall pollution parameters have been analyzed (chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, total nitrogen, ammonium, nitrate, total phosphorus, suspended solid matter, volatile suspended matter, pH, conductivity, turbidity). Characterization has been completed by analysis of trace organic compounds: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, total hydrocarbons, methyl tert-butyl ether, diethylhexylphthalate, nonylphenols, hormones (estradiol, ethinylestradiol). For certain parameters, the results obtained did not conform to legislative requirements concerning discharge into the natural environment. Correlations between these parameters have been studied, and identified between several of them using principal component analysis. The most important correlation observed was between conductivity and concentration in total phosphorus for one of the outlet. Results showed that dry weather had an impact on annual pollution load from separate storm sewer and that level of urbanization was also a factor. The effect of season has been studied but no significant impact was found.
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Corticoïdes à forte dose dans la prise en charge des œsophagites caustiques sévères : encore et toujours ? Arch Pediatr 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2013.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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[Management of caustic esophagitis in children]. Arch Pediatr 2012; 19:1362-8. [PMID: 23141564 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2012.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Revised: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 09/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In children, caustic ingestion is due to accidents at home and inadequate storage of caustic agents. In emergency, it is useful to remove the soiled clothes, rinse the affected area, and prevent vomiting and feeding. Caustic ingestion (pH<2 or>12) induces burns of the upper gastrointestinal tract requiring esophagogastro-duodenoscopy between H12 and H24. Strong alkalis cause necrosis with liquefaction of the esophagus, penetrating deeply with a high-risk of perforation. Management of these children requires a specialized care center with an intensive care unit, endoscopic equipment, and a surgical team. Esophageal stricture is the main complication; no prophylactic treatment (steroids) is effective. Strictures occur after the 3rd week, and barium swallow should be performed by the end of the 1st month. Stricture are often multiple, long, and tortuous; endoscopic dilatation is difficult with a high-rate of perforation and a low-rate of success. In situ application of mitomycin C or injection of triamcinolone could reduce the recurrence rate of stricture. In recalcitrant or recurrent strictures, it is recommended to perform an esophageal replacement using a colonic interposition or a gastric tube. Endoscopy should also be performed 15-20years after caustic ingestion to screen for early neoplastic lesions. Prevention is very important for avoiding caustic ingestions. Information and education should be given specifically to the parents of toddlers; caustic products should be stored out of reach of children and they should not be kept with food.
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[Gastric perforation caused by a lactobezoar in an infant: a case report]. Arch Pediatr 2012; 19:927-31. [PMID: 22884743 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2012.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Lactobezoar is a compact mass of undigested milk concretions and mucous secretions in the gastrointestinal tract. It is usually located in the stomach, resulting in various degrees of gastric outlet obstruction. Lactobezoar is the most common type of bezoar in infancy. We report the case of rare and complicated gastric outlet obstruction secondary to lactobezoar. A female infant, 35weeks and 4days' gestation, one of dichorionic, diamniotic twins (birth weight, 1.890kg), was referred to our center at 5days of life for shock and food intolerance. She was on discontinuous oral feedings with a maltodextrin-enriched infant formula. On examination on day 4, there was a tender mass palpable in the left hypochondrium and on day 5, there was abdominal distension with signs of hemodynamic instability and sepsis. Plain abdominal X-ray showed a pneumoperitoneum associated with a heterogeneous mass in a distended stomach, consistent with a bezoar. An emergency laparotomy revealed a gastric perforation secondary to a large lactobezoar, with necrosis of the greater curvature and anterior wall of the stomach. Surgical treatment consisted of extraction of the lactobezoar, partial gastrectomy (resection of necrotic areas), and gastrostomy. Pathological examination confirmed the necrosis of the gastric mucosa. The postoperative course was complicated by prolonged sepsis. The child was kept NPO for 21days. On day 21 postsurgery, an upper gastrointestinal contrast study showed a well-dimensioned stomach, with a good pyloric passage. Gastrostomy and oral feedings were then initiated with good outcome at 6months. Etiopathogenic factors of lactobezoar are prematurity, low birth weight, altered gastric secretions and disturbed gastric emptying, hypercaloric and predominantly casein-based formulas, and inadequate milk composition. Lactobezoar should be considered in infants with symptoms of gastrointestinal obstruction with evocative images. Conservative management with nil per os, parenteral nutrition, and regular saline gastric washes has a good prognosis with rapid resolution of symptoms. Surgical indications are rare, and early and appropriate diagnosis should help limit and reduce the morbidity of lactobezoar.
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Priority organic pollutants in the urban water cycle (Toulouse, France). WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2011; 64:541-556. [PMID: 22097031 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2011.580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Application of the European Water Framework Directive requires Member States to have better understanding of the quality of surface waters in order to improve knowledge of priority pollutants. Xenobiotics in urban receiving waters are an emerging concern. This study proposes a screening campaign of nine molecular species of xenobiotics in a separated sewer system. Five sites were investigated over one year in Toulouse (France) using quantitative monitoring. For each sample, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, nonylphenols, diethelhexylphthalate, linear alkylbenzene sulphonates, methyl tert-butylether, total hydrocarbons, estradiol and ethinylestradiol were analysed. Ground, rain and roof collected water concentrations are similar to treated wastewater levels. Run-off water was the most polluted of the five types investigated, discharged into the aquatic environment. The wastewater treatment plant reduced xenobiotic concentrations by 66% before discharge into the environment. Regarding environmental quality standards, observed concentrations in waters were in compliance with standards. The results show that xenobiotic concentrations are variable over time and space in all urban water compartments.
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Prise en charge endoscopique des affections biliopancréatiques de l’enfant. Arch Pediatr 2009; 16:811-3. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(09)74162-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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[Treatment of children with feeding disorders]. REVUE DE LARYNGOLOGIE - OTOLOGIE - RHINOLOGIE 2008; 129:121-126. [PMID: 18767331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of children presenting a refusal of feeding is multidisciplinary. This is why the point of view of various speakers were approached at the time of this round table. The gastroenterologists -pediatrician stressed the importance of the clinical data to support the diagnosis of a possible organic pathology and to evaluate the nutritional state. When the denutrition is proven, it is sometimes necessary to have recourse to an artificial enteral feeding. If this one must be prolonged a gastrostomy is preferred. The psychiatrics pointed out the oropharyngeal psychopathologies related to the various feeding disorders met during the childhood, including anorexia, the type of treatment being specific to each nosologic entity. The parent-child's observation in interaction is of primary importance for the diagnosis. The speech therapists evoked the importance of the knowledge of the various stages of maturation of the swallowing and the sensory character of this act to understand the bases of rehabilitation. This rehabilitation is long and does not have to neglect relational dynamics.
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Pathologies digestives, infections intestinales et invagination intestinale aiguë. Arch Pediatr 2007; 14 Suppl 3:S159-64. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(07)80021-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Étude des relations entre les scores d'intelligence émotionnelle selon l'EQ-i de Bar-On et la satisfaction professionnelle autoévaluée. PSYCHOLOGIE DU TRAVAIL ET DES ORGANISATIONS 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pto.2005.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Protein kinase C-alpha participates in FcgammaR-mediated phagocytosis in macrophages. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000; 276:472-6. [PMID: 11027499 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2000.3511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Phagocytosis of IgG-opsonized particles by macrophages requires the activation of protein kinase C (PKC), a family of protein serine/threonine kinases. In the present study, we have investigated the role of the PKC-alpha isoenzyme in FcgammaR-mediated phagocytosis using clones of the mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264. 7 overexpressing a dominant-negative (DN) mutant of PKC-alpha. Overexpression of DN PKC-alpha had no effect on the attachment of IgG-opsonized sheep red blood cells, but inhibited their internalization. Further analysis of the signaling events induced by IgG-opsonized sheep red blood cells revealed that whereas tyrosine phosphorylation of Syk was normal, phosphorylation of ERK 1/2 (p42/44) was impaired in DN PKC-alpha-overexpressing macrophages. These observations suggest a role for PKC-alpha in the regulation of FcgammaR-induced phagocytosis and signal transduction.
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[Work of illness, work of grief, and work of adolescence, or the adolescence of a child with a chronic disease]. Arch Pediatr 2000; 7 Suppl 2:263s-265s. [PMID: 10904734 DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(00)80061-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction syndrome: clinical analysis, outcome, and prognosis in 105 children. French-Speaking Group of Pediatric Gastroenterology. Dig Dis Sci 1999; 44:953-9. [PMID: 10235603 DOI: 10.1023/a:1026656513463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Our aim was to collect a large number of cases to characterize clinical presentation, outcome, and prognosis of chronic intestinal pseusoobstruction in children. We conducted a retrospective multicenter study that included children treated for chronic intestinal pseusoobstruction defined as recurrent episodes of intestinal obstruction with no mechanical obstruction, excluding Hirschsprung's disease. In all, 105 children, 57 boys and 48 girls, were studied, including five familial forms. Prenatal diagnosis was made in 18 patients. Eighty patients were less than 12 months old at onset; the disease began at birth for 37 patients. The most frequent signs were abdominal distension, vomiting, and constipation. Megacystis was noted in myopathies (7 cases), neuropathies (10 cases) and unclassified forms (13 cases). For all but three cases (two patients with CMV infection, one with Munchhausen-by-proxy syndrome), the associated diseases and disorders could not account for chronic intestinal pseusoobstruction as a secondary disorder. At least one full-thickness biopsy from the digestive tract was studied for 99 patients. The diagnosis recorded was visceral neuropathy in 58 cases, visceral myopathy in 17 cases, and uncertain or normal biopsy results in 24 cases. Seventy-eight children were fed intravenously, and only 18 were able to be fed orally throughout their illness. Seventy-one patients underwent surgery during their illness, and 217 surgical procedures, a mean of 3 per patient, were performed. Ostomy was the most performed procedure. Follow-up continued in 89 patients for 3 months to 16 years (mean 85 months). Forty-two patients were still fed by parenteral (39 patients) or enteral nutrition (3 patients) at the time of the study. Eleven patients died between the age of 1 month and 14 years 7 months.
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Chylothorax Du Nouveau-Ne Et Du Nourrisson: Interet De La Prise En Charge Nutrit1Onnelle. Arch Pediatr 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(99)81554-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Cholangite sclerosante et maladies inflammatoires cryptogenetiques de l'intestin chez l'enfant. Arch Pediatr 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(99)81708-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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[Pseudo-periodic disease with hyperimmunoglobulinemia D: a never-ending story with probable prenatal onset]. Arch Pediatr 1998; 5:280-4. [PMID: 10327995 DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(97)89369-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Diagnosis of inflammatory non-infectious diseases with a neonatal onset is often retrospective. It may lead to aggressive and iatrogenic procedures. PATIENT A 6-year-old boy was suffering, since birth, from recurrent febrile attacks including rashes, gastrointestinal manifestations and inflammatory joint involvement. This syndrome, partially improved with steroids, could have been of antenatal onset. Since the age of 4 years, the patient is considered as having hyper-IgD syndrome (HIDS). DISCUSSION HIDS must be distinguished from familial Mediterranean fever. Patients suffer from recurrent fever concomitant to inflammatory joint involvement, abdominal distress, skin lesions, swollen lymph nodes and hepatosplenomegaly (especially seen in children). All patients have high serum IgD (> 100 UI/mL) and IgA levels. Nevertheless, a high IgD level is not specific. Our case could also be part of the CINCA (chronic, infantile, neurological, cutaneous and articular) syndrome, which includes similar early manifestations associated with a constant neurological and frequent ophthalmological involvement and epiphyseal changes; to date, these last three manifestations are not present in our patient. CONCLUSION HIDS and CINCA syndrome are not known to be modified by any effective therapeutic agent. When presenting at birth, these inflammatory diseases must be considered as entities with a rarely described potential severity.
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[Food allergies and intolerances in children]. LA REVUE DU PRATICIEN 1998; 48:389-93. [PMID: 9781094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Allergies and food intolerance together comprise the manifestations of "adverse food reaction". The best known and most common are: allergy to cow's milk proteins (prevalence 0.5% to 7.5%), intolerance to lactose (prevalence after weaning 5 to 100%) and gluten intolerance (prevalence 0.5%). Treatment of these conditions is based on management of the diet by exclusion (or reduction) of the responsible food or antigen.
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Pseudo-obstruction intestinale (POIC) de l'enfant : Résultats d'une enquête multicentrique au sein du GFHGNP. Arch Pediatr 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(97)86897-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Prévalence de la maladie cœliaque dans certains groupes à risque et chez les enfants explorés pour retard statural et/ou pondéral isolé. Arch Pediatr 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(97)86886-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in children with inflammatory bowel disease: prevalence and diagnostic value. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1997; 25:142-8. [PMID: 9252899 DOI: 10.1097/00005176-199708000-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), particularly perinuclear ANCA (p-ANCA), have been found more frequently in sera from patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) than in sera from Crohn's disease (CD) or unclassified enterocolitis (UE) patients. This 2-center study examined sera from 102 pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to evaluate their diagnostic value and assess their relationship with disease features, distribution, activity and treatment. METHODS The serum ANCA of 102 children with IBD were measured: 33 UC, 64 CD and 5 UE with various disease locations and degrees of activity. The mean age at the onset of symptoms was 10.7 years (1 to 16.3 years). Sera from 26 unaffected first degree relatives and 20 children without IBD were also investigated. ANCA were detected using indirect immunofluorescence of ethanol-fixed granulocytes. RESULTS There were ANCA in the sera of 24/33 children with UC (73%), 9/64 with CD (14%) and 4/5 with UE (80%). p-ANCA were more frequent than cytoplasmic-ANCA in positive sera: UC = 67%, CD = 57% and UE = 75%. The presence of ANCA was 73% sensitive and 81% specific for a diagnosis of UC, compared to other IBD (p < 0.001). Three children with proved sclerosing cholangitis associated with UC were all positive. There was no link between ANCA-positive sera and disease activity, or other endoscopic or clinical criteria. ANCA were detected in 4/26 first degree relatives (15%) and in 1/20 control subjects (5%). CONCLUSIONS Because of their sensitivity and specificity, ANCA may be helpful in the clinical assessment of patients with IBD, and especially those with UC. However, there is no link between the pressure of p-ANCA and the site of UC or its activity, so that it cannot be used to monitor medical treatment or surgical indications.
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Conduite à tenir face aux corps étrangers œsogastriques chez l'enfant. Arch Pediatr 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(97)86489-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hépatite auto-immune (HAI) à anticorps (Ac) anti-actine au décours d'une hépatite virale A. Arch Pediatr 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(96)89577-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lithiase billaire compliquant les cholestases associées à la nutrition parentérale chez le prématuré. Arch Pediatr 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(96)89591-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Intérêt des anticorps anti-cytoplasme des polynucléaires neutrophiles (ANCA) au cours des maladies inflammatoires cryptogénétiques de l'intestin (MICI) de l'enfant. Arch Pediatr 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(96)89623-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Association entre génotypes HLA de classe II et maladies inflammatoires du tube digestif de l'enfant. Arch Pediatr 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(96)89616-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abstract
The anaerobic fungus Caecomyces communis was grown in a fermentor in either a discontinuous cultivation system or in a culture system with daily withdrawal and addition of fresh medium. Lowe and Orpin media were tested. The Lowe medium was best for the stimulation of enzyme production, the Orpin medium, for the stimulation of fungal growth and enzyme release. Xylanase activity was predominant among the polysaccharide hydrolases. Most of the enzymes studied were associated with cells except when the culture medium contained glucose or Ray grass hay. Enzymatic activities were constitutive, but their level was regulated by a carbon source. Cellulase production in both the cellular and extracellular fractions and the extracellular xylanase activity were stimulated by the presence of glucose. Cell-associated xylanase activity, however, was stimulated by glucose plus cellobiose. The presence of glucose enhanced enzyme release.
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Glycoside and polysaccharide hydrolase activity of the rumen anaerobic fungus Caecomyces communis (Sphaeromonas communis SENSU ORPIN) at early and final stages of the developmental cycle. Curr Microbiol 1996; 32:256-9. [PMID: 8857272 DOI: 10.1007/s002849900046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The rumen anaerobic fungus Caecomyces communis was grown in a fermentor in Lowe medium. We studied four polysaccharide hydrolases and three glycoside hydrolases at early and final stages. We found a difference in cell association for these enzymes depending on the developmental stage. The endocellulase and beta-D-fucosidase were early synthesized, and their activities decreased at the end of the developmental cycle. On the contrary, the beta-D-glucosidase, beta-D-xylosidase and xylanase activities increased during the cycle. The avicelase and the CM-cellulase activities linked with thalli increased, whereas the extracellular activities of these enzymes decreased.
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Hemorragies digestives par ulceres gastro-duodenaux chez l'enfant : Place de l'oneprazole et de la sclerose endoscopique. Arch Pediatr 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0929-693x(96)86122-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Location by fluorescence microscopy of glycosidases and a xylanase in the anaerobic gut fungi Caecomyces communis, Neocallimastix frontalis, and Piromyces rhizinflata. Curr Microbiol 1995; 31:224-7. [PMID: 7549768 DOI: 10.1007/bf00298378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
beta-D-Glucosidase, beta-D-fucosidase, beta-D-xylosidase, and beta-D-cellobiopyranosidase activities in Caecomyces communis, Neocallimastix frontalis, and Piromyces rhizinflata, located with fluorescent conjugates, occur throughout the whole thallus as from zoospore germination and disappear before sporulation. beta-D-Galactosidase and alpha-L-arabinopyranosidase activities are low or nonexistent. A xylanase, detected by indirect immunofluorescence, was observed at the surface of the vegetative cells, vesicles, or rhizoids. Cross-reactions prove the existence of analogies in structure among the enzymes of these anaerobic gut fungi.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Viruses, such as those of congenital rubella and cytomegalovirus infection, have been associated with bone lesions of rarefaction. CASE REPORT A full-term neonate was admitted at bith (birth weight: 1,630 mg; head circumference: 29 cm) for hypotrophy. A severe growth retardation had been diagnosed at 32 weeks of gestation. The fetal karyotype was normal. Search for maternal toxoplasmosis, syphilis and rubella was negative. The neonate had a complex heart defect; skeletal X-ray films showed metaphyseal transverse bands of rarefaction of the long bones and longitudinally streaked band of sclerosis and rarefaction at the ends of the femora. Urine culture was highly positive for CMV while CMV IgM were negative and CMV IgG highly positive in serum. CONCLUSIONS Neonatal bone changes usually seen in congenital rubella infection may also be observed in CMV infection.
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Abstract
The nuclear DNAs from five species of anaerobic rumen fungi have been isolated and purified by means of two extraction methods (with and without 8 M urea). Their G + C contents have been characterized by the thermal denaturation procedure of Marmur and Doty. As has already been shown in Neocallimastix frontalis, the results obtained by the two techniques demonstrated a very low G + C content (less than 20%) and the constant presence of satellite DNA.
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Piromyces rhizinflata nov. sp., a strictly anaerobic fungus from faeces of the Saharian ass: a morphological, metabolic and ultrastructural study. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1991; 66:1-8. [PMID: 1936931 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1991.tb04830.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A new species of strictly anaerobic chytridiomycete was isolated from dried faeces of the Saharian ass that had been stored for up to 150 days. Because of its monocentric thallus and uniflagellate zoospores it belongs to the genus Piromyces. It exhibits a high affinity for P. mae and P. dumbonica but differs from them in its morphological and ultrastructural characteristics. Its flagellar apparatus is similar to that of all previously reported fungi.
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Anaeromyces mucronatus nov. gen., nov. sp. A new strictly anaerobic rumen fungus with polycentric thallus. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1990; 58:177-82. [PMID: 2227353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A new species of strictly anaerobic fungus was isolated from the cow rumen. It is characterized by a polycentric thallus, a polynuclear rhizomycelium, mucronate zoosporangia and uniflagellated zoospores. It is also singular in that the sporocysts do not react to the specific lectins of L-fucose, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine and diacetyl chitobiose. These characteristics justify the creation of a new genus.
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Use of lectins for a comparative study of cell wall composition of different anaerobic rumen fungal strains. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1990; 55:151-6. [PMID: 2109720 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1990.tb13853.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The technique based on fluorescein-linked lectins used to determine the cell wall structure of anaerobic rumen fungi belonging to genera: Neocallimastix, Piromonas and Sphaeromonas, appears to be an interesting tool for distinguishing between strains. Furthermore this technique shows differences of cell wall composition between different parts of the thallus (spores, sporangia, rhizoïds).
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Rumen anaerobic fungi and plant substrate colonization as affected by diet composition. Anim Feed Sci Technol 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0377-8401(89)90006-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Morphological and metabolic characterization of a new species of strictly anaerobic rumen fungus: Neocallimastix joyonii. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1989; 49:309-14. [PMID: 2744422 DOI: 10.1016/0378-1097(89)90059-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A new strain of strictly anaerobic fungi was isolated from the rumen of sheep. This strain is characterized by a polycentric thallus, an extensive and polynuclear rhizomycelium, polyflagellated zoospores with gamma particle-like bodies. We propose to assign this strain in a new species: Neocallimastix joyonii.
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