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Pari B, Babbili A, Kattubadi A, Thakre A, Thotamgari S, Gopinathannair R, Olshansky B, Dominic P. COVID-19 Vaccination and Cardiac Arrhythmias: A Review. Curr Cardiol Rep 2023; 25:925-940. [PMID: 37530946 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-023-01921-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this review, we aim to delve into the existing literature, seeking to uncover the mechanisms, investigate the electrocardiographic changes, and examine the treatment methods of various cardiac arrhythmias that occur after administration of the COVID-19 vaccine. RECENT FINDINGS A global survey has exposed an incidence of arrhythmia in 18.27% of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, any type of COVID-19 vaccine - be it mRNA, adenovirus vector, whole inactivated, or protein subunit - appears to instigate cardiac arrhythmias. Among the cardiac adverse events reported post-COVID-19 vaccination, myocarditis emerges as the most common and is thought to be a potential cause of bradyarrhythmia. When a patient post-COVID-19 vaccination presents a suspicion of cardiac involvement, clinicians should perform a comprehensive history and physical examination, measure electrolyte levels, conduct ECG, and carry out necessary imaging studies. In our extensive literature search, we uncovered various potential mechanisms that might lead to cardiac conduction abnormalities and autonomic dysfunction in patients who have received the COVID-19 vaccine. These mechanisms encompass direct viral invasion through molecular mimicry/spike (S) protein production, an escalated inflammatory response, hypoxia, myocardial cell death, and the eventual scar/fibrosis. They correspond to a range of conditions including atrial tachyarrhythmias, bradyarrhythmia, ventricular arrhythmias, sudden cardiac death, and the frequently occurring myocarditis. For treating these COVID-19 vaccination-induced arrhythmias, we should incorporate general treatment strategies, similar to those applied to arrhythmias from other causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bavithra Pari
- Department of Medicine, LSUHSC-S, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | | | | | - Anuj Thakre
- Department of Medicine, LSUHSC-S, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | | | - Rakesh Gopinathannair
- The Kansas City Heart Rhythm Institute (KCHRI) & Research Foundation, Overland Park Regional Medical Center, KS, Kansas City, USA
| | - Brian Olshansky
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Paari Dominic
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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Yazdi F, Blackmon M, Kattubadi A, Krishnan P. Seizure-Induced Cardiomyopathy: A Case of Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy Following an Epileptic Event. Cureus 2023; 15:e39288. [PMID: 37346223 PMCID: PMC10281001 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a case, written with the assistance of the Chat Generative Pre-training Transformer (ChatGPT) Artificial Intelligence (AI), of a 75-year-old female with a history of hypertension, epilepsy, coronary artery disease, and alcohol use disorder. She presented with a tonic-clonic seizure, tachycardia, and a cyanotic right hand. Diagnostic tests revealed stress-induced cardiomyopathy, patent bilateral subclavian and axillary arteries with heavy calcification of bilateral upper extremity arteries, and a small filling defect in the segmental branch of the left lower lobe. The patient was started on antiepileptic medication, thiamine/folate, and heparin drip for limb ischemia. Despite treatment with multiple anti-arrhythmic agents, the patient developed cardiogenic shock and underwent left heart catheterization with Impella placement. The Impella was removed 72 hours after placement, and the patient was started on low-dose Milrinone and Levophed for hemodynamic support. The patient eventually recovered and was discharged to long-term acute care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Yazdi
- Internal Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - Melodie Blackmon
- Critical Care Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - Ayeesha Kattubadi
- Internal Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - Prathik Krishnan
- Pulmonary Critical Care, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
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Kattubadi A, Ahmad J, Sultan A, Bhuiyan MAN, Helmy T, Gopinathannair R, Olshansky B, Bailey SR. THE EFFECT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON CARDIOLOGISTS AND THE PRACTICE OF CARDIOLOGY: A SURVEY BASED STUDY. J Am Coll Cardiol 2023. [PMCID: PMC9982949 DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(23)02278-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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Seri A, Baral N, Kambalapalli S, Kattubadi A, Htwe K, Kunadi A, Moza A, Volgman A. Association of cardiac amyloidosis with valvular heart diseases – a nationwide analysis. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Association of cardiac amyloidosis (CA) with aortic stenosis (AS) is well known. There is limited data on the association of CA with other valvular heart diseases like aortic regurgitation (AR), mitral stenosis (MS), mitral regurgitation (MR), tricuspid stenosis (TS), tricuspid regurgitation (TR), pulmonary stenosis (PS) and regurgitation (PR).
Purpose
To assess the associations between valvular heart diseases and cardiac amyloidosis.
Methods
This is a retrospective observational study from hospitalizations between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2019, using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS), the largest all-payer public database of hospital care data in the United States. We looked into associations between valvular heart diseases (VHD) and CA.
Results
From 2016 to 2019, a total of 4999 patients with a history of CA, 16,711 MS, 361,864 MR, 380,072 AS, 89,452 AR, 194 TS, 104,151 TR, 853 PS, 13,277 PR were identified. Compared to those without any history of CA, those with a history of CA had significantly higher associations with MR (6.4% vs 1.3%, p<0.001), AS (3.6% vs 1.3%, p<0.001), AR (1% vs 0.3%, p<0.001), TS (0.02% vs 0, p<0.033), TR (2.7% vs 0.4%, p<0.001), PR (0.4% vs 0.1%, p<0.001). Mean age of patients with history of CA in MS (73.7 years), MR (75.2 years), AS (81.4 years), AR (77.1 years), TS (82 years), TR (77.3 years), PR (78.1 years). Compared to males, females had higher incidence of MS (0.1% vs 0.03%, p<0.001) and lower incidence of AS (1.2% vs 1.6%, p<0.001) and AR (0.3% vs 0.4%, p<0.001).
Conclusion
There was a significantly higher association between CA and MR, AS, TR. Comparatively, patients with CA and MS were younger than those with other VHD.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Seri
- McLaren Regional Medical Center , Flint , United States of America
| | - N Baral
- McLaren Regional Medical Center , Flint , United States of America
| | - S Kambalapalli
- McLaren Regional Medical Center , Flint , United States of America
| | - A Kattubadi
- Louisiana State University , Shreveport , United States of America
| | - K Htwe
- McLaren Regional Medical Center , Flint , United States of America
| | - A Kunadi
- McLaren Regional Medical Center , Flint , United States of America
| | - A Moza
- McLaren Regional Medical Center , Flint , United States of America
| | - A Volgman
- Rush University Medical Center , Chicago , United States of America
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Mallipeddi VP, Sheth A, Kattubadi A, Dominic P. PO-624-07 ADVERSE EVENTS OF PENTARAY CATHETER VERSUS HIGH DENSITY GRID CATHETER : A REVIEW OF MAUDE DATABASE. Heart Rhythm 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.03.864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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