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Ilyas M, Rahman A, Khan NH, Haroon M, Hussain H, Rehman L, Alam M, Rauf A, Waggas DS, Bawazeer S. Analysis of Germin-like protein genes family in Vitis vinifera (VvGLPs) using various in silico approaches. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e256732. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.256732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Germin-like proteins (GLPs) play an important role against various stresses. Vitis vinifera L. genome contains 7 GLPs; many of them are functionally unexplored. However, the computational analysis may provide important new insight into their function. Currently, physicochemical properties, subcellular localization, domain architectures, 3D structures, N-glycosylation & phosphorylation sites, and phylogeney of the VvGLPs were investigated using the latest computational tools. Their functions were predicted using the Search tool for the retrieval of interacting genes/proteins (STRING) and Blast2Go servers. Most of the VvGLPs were extracellular (43%) in nature but also showed periplasmic (29%), plasma membrane (14%), and mitochondrial- or chloroplast-specific (14%) expression. The functional analysis predicted unique enzymatic activities for these proteins including terpene synthase, isoprenoid synthase, lipoxygenase, phosphate permease, receptor kinase, and hydrolases generally mediated by Mn+ cation. VvGLPs showed similarity in the overall structure, shape, and position of the cupin domain. Functionally, VvGLPs control and regulate the production of secondary metabolites to cope with various stresses. Phylogenetically VvGLP1, -3, -4, -5, and VvGLP7 showed greater similarity due to duplication while VvGLP2 and VvGLP6 revealed a distant relationship. Promoter analysis revealed the presence of diverse cis-regulatory elements among which CAAT box, MYB, MYC, unnamed-4 were common to all of them. The analysis will help to utilize VvGLPs and their promoters in future food programs by developing resistant cultivars against various biotic (Erysiphe necator and in Powdery Mildew etc.) and abiotic (Salt, drought, heat, dehydration, etc.) stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - M. Alam
- University of Swabi, Pakistan
| | - A. Rauf
- University of Swabi, Pakistan
| | - D. S. Waggas
- Fakeeh College of Medical Sciences, Saudi Arabia
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Sharif A, Shah NA, Rauf A, Hadayat N, Gul A, Nawaz G, Sakhi S, Iqbal M, Khan MR, Shah AA, Azam N, Iftikhar H, Shah SA, Bahadur S, Hussain F, Shuaib M. Ethnomedicinal uses of plants for various diseases in the remote areas of Changa Manga Forest, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e255916. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.255916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract This study aims at reporting the indigenous knowledge of the medicinal flora from the inhabitants of surroundings of the World’s largest artificial planted forest “Changa Manga”, Pakistan. Data were collected by direct interviews and group meetings from 81 inhabitants including 32 local healers having information regarding the use of indigenous medicinal plants over a period of one year. Different statistical tools were applied to analyze the data including Frequency citation (FC), Relative frequency citation (RFC), Use Value, Factor of informants consensus and fidelity level. This study reported 73 plant species belonging to 37 plant families and 46 genera. The majority of plant species belong to compositae family. The most commonly used medicinal plants were P. hysterophorus L., P. dactylifera L., S. indicum L, P. harmala L., P. emblica L., and A. indica A.Juss. The greatest number of species was used to cure gastrointestinal disorders. The highest fidelity level (68.18%) was of E. helioscopia to cure gastrointestinal disorders. Maximum fresh uses (17) were reported by C. dactylon (L.) Pars. While the highest number of species reporting fresh uses in similar number was 13. In this study, five novel plants are being reported for the first time in Pakistan for their ethnomedicinal worth. Our data reflect unique usage of the medicinal plants in the study area. The statistical tools used in the study proved useful in pointing the most important and disease category specific plants. High use value plant and the new reported medicinal plants might prove an important source of the isolation of pharmacologically active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A. Rauf
- University of AWAKUM, Pakistan
| | | | - A. Gul
- Hazara University, Pakistan
| | - G. Nawaz
- Kohat University of Science and Technology, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | - A. A. Shah
- Jazan University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - N. Azam
- University of Peshawar, Pakistan
| | | | - S. A. Shah
- National University of Medical Sciences, Pakistan
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Abbas A, Muhammad SA, Ashar A, Mehfooz SA, Rauf A, Bakhsh M, Nadeem T, Fu H. Comparison of the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles and extract of Acorus calamus applied topically on surgical wounds inflicted on the skin of rabbits. Pol J Vet Sci 2023; 26:285-293. [PMID: 37389426 DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2023.145035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics are used for postsurgical wound healing purposes but unfortunately, resistance against them demands some alternatives for quick recovery. Sepsis of wounds is a challenge for medical as well as veterinary professionals. Nanoparticles have significant advantages in wound treatment and drug resistance reversal. This study was conducted to appreciate emerging alternates of antibiotics like zinc oxide nanoparticles and plant extracts in topical application. Zinc oxide is considered a good wound healer and its nanoparticles are easy to access. So, the efficacies of zinc oxide nanoparticles and sweet flag plant extract ointments were tested to compare modern and traditional therapeutics as sweet flag is considered a pure medicinal plant. Rabbits were selected for this study due to the healing properties of their skin. Wounds were inflicted on the thoracolumbar region and treated for 29 days post-surgically daily with normal saline and the ointment of zinc oxide nanoparticles and sweet flag extract ointment, prepared in a hydrophilic solvent. Wound shrinkage was observed daily and histopathological analysis was made and results were compared. Zinc oxide nanoparticles ointment showed the most satisfactory results for every parameter included in the study. No side effects of its topical application were observed. Healing was normal without any complications. The preparations of zinc oxide nanoparticles may help in the era of antibiotic resistance as topical drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Abbas
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - S A Muhammad
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, CVAS Jhang 35200, Pakistan
| | - A Ashar
- Wilson College of Textiles, North Carolina State University, North Carolina, USA
| | - S A Mehfooz
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - A Rauf
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, CVAS Jhang 35200, Pakistan
| | - M Bakhsh
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, CVAS Jhang 35200, Pakistan
| | - T Nadeem
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Para Veterinary Institute (PVI), Karor 31100, Layyah, Pakistan
| | - H Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Kamil M, Khan I, Rauf A, Bawazeer S, Bawazeer S, Rauf A, Irfan M. Chemical divergence of the Juglans Regia L. across districts Swat and Dir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 84:e259731. [PMID: 35544794 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.259731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Juglans regia L. are nutritious fruit bearing plants mostly found in Northern areas of Pakistan. The population of walnuts was explored from district Dir and Swat Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan for their geographical, climatic and chemical divergence. The geographical differences such as altitude, latitude and longitude whereas climatic differences viz. soil EC, soil pH, precipitations, intensity of light, temperature and soil temperature. In both districts TPC ranged from 211.2±0.6 to 227.8±0.4 mg/100g, RSA ranged from 43.32±1.5% to 52.18±0.4%, conductivity ranged from 296.43±0.6 to 312.22±0.3 S/m and elemental composition such as iron, copper, calcium, zinc and magnesium in Dir differs from 0.312±0.032, 0.209±0.13, 20.0±0.313, 0.406±0.10 and 10.2±0.030 mg/L to 0.543±0.65, 0.698±0.82, 28.7±0.234, 0.685±0.15 and 17.6±0.015 mg/L respectively. Altitude and temperature showed a correlation with total phenolics contents and radical scavenging activity while soil pH, precipitations, soil temperature, soil Ec and light intensity indicated a weak correlation with chemical traits of walnuts. Further studies of walnuts are needed to explore their therapeutically important phytochemicals to succeed naturally pharmaceutical nutrients of the maximum significance for the health of human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kamil
- Abdul Wali Khan University, Department of Botany, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - I Khan
- Abdul Wali Khan University, Department of Botany, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - A Rauf
- Abdul Wali Khan University, Department of Botany, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - S Bawazeer
- Umm Al-Qura University, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - S Bawazeer
- Umm Al-Qura University, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Rauf
- University of Swabi, Department of Chemistry, Swabi, Pakistan
| | - M Irfan
- Abdul Wali Khan University, Department of Botany, Mardan, Pakistan.,University of Swabi, Department of Botany, Swabi, Pakistan.,Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A
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Hani U, Khan JA, Rauf A, Mustafa F, Shehzad SA. Bayesian and Numerical Techniques for Non-Newtonian Bödewadt Nanofluid Flow Above a Stretchable Stationary Disk. Arab J Sci Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-022-06773-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Khan Z, Khan MS, Bawazeer S, Bawazeer N, Suleman, Irfan M, Rauf A, Su XH, Xing LX. A comprehensive review on the documented characteristics of four Reticulitermes termites (Rhinotermitidae, Blattodea) of China. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 84:e256354. [PMID: 35319619 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.256354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Termites are known as social insects worldwide. Presently in China 473 species, 44 genera and 4 families of termites have been reported. Of them, 111 Reticulitermes species are widely spread in different zones of China. The dispersion flight season of these Chinese Reticulitermes species are usually started from February to June, but in some regions different species are distributed, sharing their boundaries and having overlapping flight seasons. These reasons become important sources of hybridization between two different heterospecific populations of termites. It was confirmed that the fertilized eggs and unfertilized eggs of some Reticulitermes termites have the capacity of cleavage. While the unfertilized eggs of R. aculabialis, R. chinensis and R. labralis cleaved normally and the only R. aculabialis unfertilized eggs develop in embryos. While, the R. flaviceps and R. chinensis were observed with their abnormal embryonic development, and not hatching of eggs parthenogenetically. They were reported more threatening to Chinese resources as they propagate with parthenogenesis, hybridization and sexual reproduction. Eggshell and macrophiles of eggs play important roles in species identification and control. Although, they are severe pests and cause a wide range of damages to wooden structures and products in homes, buildings, building materials, trees, crops, and forests in China's Mainland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Khan
- Northwest University, College of Life Sciences, Xi'an, China.,University of Swabi, Zoology Department, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M S Khan
- University of Swabi, Zoology Department, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - S Bawazeer
- Umm Al-Qura University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - N Bawazeer
- Minister of Interior General Directorate of Prison's Health, Pharmacy Department, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Suleman
- University of Swabi, Zoology Department, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M Irfan
- Abdul Wali Khan University, Department of Botany, Mardan, Pakistan.,University of Swabi, Department of Botany, Swabi, Pakistan.,Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO, U.S.A
| | - A Rauf
- University of Swabi, Department of Chemistry, Anbar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - X-H Su
- Northwest University, College of Life Sciences, Xi'an, China.,Northwest University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, Xi'an, China.,Northwest University, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, Xi'an, China
| | - L-X Xing
- Northwest University, College of Life Sciences, Xi'an, China.,Northwest University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, Xi'an, China.,Northwest University, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, Xi'an, China
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Irfan M, Jan G, Murad W, Jan FG, Rauf A, Alsayari A, Almarhoon ZM, Mabkhot YN. Ethnomedicinal and traditional uses of the Ferns of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 84:e250256. [PMID: 34932624 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.250256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferns are often used by indigenous people in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. This study was designed to collect the ethnomedicinal and traditional knowledge of these locals about this group of vascular plants. Forty taxa belong to nineteen genera and ten families are used in the treatment of different diseases. The Pteridaceae was the most representative family with twelve taxa (30%), followed by Athyriaceae and Dryopteridaceae with six taxa each (30%), and Thelypteridaceae with five taxa (12.5%). Regarding the genera, Adiantum, Asplenium and Dryopteris ranked first with four taxa each (30%), followed by Aleuritopteris, Diplazium, Pteris and Equisetum with three taxa each (30%), followed by Athyrium, Oeosporangium, Polystichum and Pseudophegopteris with two taxa each (20%). These taxa were commonly used in the treatment of respiratory disorders i.e. asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, pneumonia; intestinal ulcer, stomach, urinary ailments and skin disorders by the methods of decoction and infusion. Traditional knowledge about ethnomedicinal plants is a valuable and essential source for the discovery of allopathic, herbal and homeopathic medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Irfan
- Abdul Wali Khan University, Department of Botany, Mardan, Pakistan.,University of Swabi, Department of Botany, Swabi, Pakistan.,Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A
| | - G Jan
- Abdul Wali Khan University, Department of Botany, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - W Murad
- Abdul Wali Khan University, Department of Botany, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - F G Jan
- Abdul Wali Khan University, Department of Botany, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - A Rauf
- University of Swabi, Department of Chemistry, Swabi, Pakistan
| | - A Alsayari
- King Khalid University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Z M Almarhoon
- King Saud University, College of Science, Department of Chemistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Y N Mabkhot
- King Khalid University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Mubeen S, Rauf A, Ullah H, Qureshi AM, Hussain GS, Khan F. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Malononitrile-Based Sulfonamide Analogs. Russ J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428021100195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Chandrasekar B, Smith S, Rauf A, Mukherjee R. 1242 A Surfacing Staghorn: Spontaneous Expulsion of a Large Renal Calculus from A Nephrocutaneous Fistula. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
An 83-year-old lady presented to the urology department with right flank pain in the context of a previously known right renal staghorn calculus. On examination, she was found to have a visible discharging sinus in her right flank, and the renal calculus had become visible at the skin surface. Non-contrast CT imaging confirmed that her staghorn calculus had eroded through the skin via a nephrocutaneous fistula. The stone was manually extracted percutaneously on the ward, and she was treated with intravenous antibiotics. She subsequently passed a further stone through the tract and made a good recovery.
This is a highly unusual presentation of nephrolithiasis in a developed country in the 21st century. Review of the literature suggests that surgical management is almost always indicated in patients with staghorn calculi. However surgical management options are not without risk and conservative management of staghorn disease may be appropriate in select patient groups: those with multiple co-morbidities at high risk for GA, in cases of patient refusal of surgery, or in patients with aberrant anatomical factors
Our case highlights a potential complication of conservatively managed staghorn stone disease. To our knowledge our case is the first of spontaneous expulsion of renal stone of this size to be reported in the developed world.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Chandrasekar
- Mid Cheshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Crewe, United Kingdom
| | - S Smith
- Mid Cheshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Crewe, United Kingdom
| | - A Rauf
- Mid Cheshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Crewe, United Kingdom
| | - R Mukherjee
- Mid Cheshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Crewe, United Kingdom
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Shuaib M, Hussain F, Rauf A, Jan F, Romman M, Parvez R, Zeb A, Ali S, Abidullah S, Bahadur S, Shah AA, Azam N, Dilbar S, Begum K, Khan H, Sajjad S, Muhammad I, Shah NA. Traditional knowledge about medicinal plant in the remote areas of Wari Tehsil, Dir Upper, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e246803. [PMID: 34495160 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.246803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional medicine is cheaper and easily available to local people, to care for most frequent diseases in the Northern parts of Pakistan. Our study aimed at inventorying medicine from local plants, documenting their uses, and assessing their market value in 2015-2018 during spring, summer, and winter seasons. A total of 15 trips were made, 5 in each season. Semi-structured interviews with 165 inhabitant's age range between 20-80 years were conducted, analyzed the data is analyzed using Relative frequency of citation(RFC), Use Value(UV), Fidelity Level(FL), Informants consensus factor(ICF), and Jaccard index(JI) to find the most frequent and well-known used species in the area. A total of 86 species belonging to 39 vascular plant families, 33 genera were documented as medicinally important. Family Asteraceae was observed as the dominant family among all the families with 10 species, the leaf was the most used parts and decoction 36% was the most preferred preparation type. Herb was the predominant life form (67%). The maximum UV (0.92) was demonstrated by J. adhatoda L. species, while A. sativum L. shows maximum RFC (0.58), the highest ICF value represented by diarrhea and dermatitis 0.92, and high FL value is recorded 100%. According to our collections, wild species were 45%, invasive species were 38% and cultivated 17% recorded, dicots species were recorded more 81%. Seven 7 medicinal species is being economically important and export to the local and international market of the world, whereas P. integrima L. species were the most exported species according to the local dealers. The investigated area is rural and the local people depend on the area's plants for their health needs, and other uses like a vegetable, fuelwood, fodder, etc. The current result of RFC, UV, ICF, FL, and JI shows that medicinal flora needs to be pharmacologically and phytochemically investigated to prove their efficacy. The documentation of medicinal knowledge is important to preserve this precious old knowledge before it is lost forever, due to technological and environmental changes in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shuaib
- Yunnan University, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Kunming, PR China
| | - F Hussain
- Cholistan University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Department of Microbiology, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - A Rauf
- Abdulwali Khan University, Department of Botany, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - F Jan
- Abdulwali Khan University, Department of Botany, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - M Romman
- University of Chitral, Department of Botany, Chitral, Pakistan
| | - R Parvez
- Abdulwali Khan University, Department of Botany, Mardan, Pakistan.,Government Girls Degree College Dargai, Department of Botany, District Malakand, Pakistan
| | - A Zeb
- Abdulwali Khan University, Department of Botany, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - S Ali
- Abdulwali Khan University, Department of Botany, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - S Abidullah
- Abdulwali Khan University, Department of Botany, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - S Bahadur
- Hainan University, College of Forestry, Haikou, China
| | - A A Shah
- Jazan University, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - N Azam
- University of Peshawar, Centre of Plant Biodiversity, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - S Dilbar
- University of Swat, Centre of Plant Biodiversity, Swat, Pakistan
| | - K Begum
- University of Hazara, Department of Genetic, Manshera, Pakistan
| | - H Khan
- University of Swat, Center of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Swat, Pakistan
| | - S Sajjad
- COMSATS University, Department of Biosciences, Park Road Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - I Muhammad
- University of Hazara, Department of Genetic, Manshera, Pakistan
| | - N A Shah
- COMSATS University, Department of Biosciences, Park Road Islamabad, Pakistan
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Beyer K, Moris L, Lardas M, Haire A, Barletta F, Scuderi S, Molnar M, Herrera R, Rauf A, Campi R, Greco I, Shiranov K, Dabestani S, Van Den Broeck T, Gacci M, Gandaglia G, Omar M, Maclennan S, Roobol M, Zong J, Maclennan S, Collette L, Briganti A, Bjartell A, Van Hemelrijck M. Diagnostic and prognostic factors in patients with prostate cancer. Eur Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(21)00685-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Rauf A, Hughes C, Hill D, Kiely P. POS1056 COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF TNF INHIBITORS VERSUS OTHER CYTOKINE INHIBITOR bDMARDs ON PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS IMPACT OF DISEASE (PsAID) SCORE AND DOMAINS. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) has many consequences, reflecting musculoskeletal and skin inflammation, with the potential to adversely affect overall quality of life. Patient reported outcome measures (PROM) assess a holistic range of aspects of quality of life, including physical and mental components, and provide broad detailed information of the impact of disease. Biologic DMARDs (bDMARDs) targeting TNF have been used to treat PsA for over 10 years whereas inhibitors of IL-17, IL-12/23 and Janus kinases (JAK) have only been available more recently. They all target differing cytokines, including JAK inhibitors which inhibit IL-12 and IL-23 signaling but not TNF signaling. Their relative impact on PROMs is unknown.Objectives:To assess, in routine care, the relative impact in PsA of TNF inhibitors (TNFi) versus non-TNFi bDMARDs, targeting IL-17, IL-12/23 and JAK, on PROMs.Methods:We performed a cross section analysis of PsA patients with established disease treated with bDMARDs and JAKi, under routine care at St George’s University Hospital, London, UK. Patients completed the 12-item psoriatic arthritis impact of disease (PsAID) tool. The total PsAID score was calculated using the on-line EULAR toolkit (see reference). The PsAID total and individual domain scores were compared between TNFi and non-TNFi groups using the Mann Whitney U test. A total PsAID score below 4 out of 10 is considered a ‘patient-acceptable state’.Results:A total 95 patients (female n= 53, 56%) completed the PSAID; TNFi n=72 (female 50%, adalimumab n=41, Etanercept n= 24, Golimumab n=4, Infliximab n =2, Certolizumab n=1) and non-TNFi n= 23 (female 74%, Secukinumab n=9, Ixekizumab n=1, Ustekinumab n=9, Tofacitinib n=4). The mean age was 53.6 (TNFi 53.5, non-TNFi 53.7) years, and duration of time on bDMARD treatment was TNFi 49.5 (range 1- 141) months, non-TNFi 25.3 (range 4 -59) months. The total and individual domain PsAID scores are shown in the Table 1. A ‘patient acceptable state’ total score <4 was recorded in TNFi 36/72 (50%) and non-TNFi 11/23 (48%). There was no significant difference between TNFi and non-TNFi groups in the mean total PsAID score, or proportion achieving a patient acceptable state. Patients on TNFi had lower (better outcome) mean scores for all 12 domains except skin, and the differences, versus non-TNFi treated patients, were significant for pain, functional capacity, discomfort and depression.PSAID domainTNFiNon-TNFiP valueTotal score3.314.64N.S.Pain3.675.430.02Fatigue4.045.65N.S.Skin problems3.112.78N.S.Work/leisure activities3.564.78N.S.Functional capacity3.295.040.02Discomfort3.885.650.02Sleep disturbance3.424.78N.S.Coping3.014.09N.S.Anxiety, fear, uncertainty2.644.17N.S.Embarrassment/shame2.283.39N.S.Social participation2.63.48N.S.Depression2.113.910.03Conclusion:In PsA, TNFi appear to have a greater impact over non-TNFi bDMARDs on some aspects of quality of life, including pain and functional capacity. TNFi and non-TNFi were no different with respect to patients’ perspective on skin disease, embarrassment or shame, despite less good cutaneous responses in clinical trials from TNFi agents. Overall, the PsAID tool reveals an unmet burden on quality of life in PsA patients treated with all classes of bDMARDs and JAKi, as 50% fail to achieve a ‘patient acceptable state’. This should prompt scrutiny of the high scoring domains and utilization of additional treatment modalities to achieve better holistic outcomes for PsA patients in routine care.References:[1]PsAID tool: http://pitie-salpetriere.aphp.fr/psaid/raid_psaid_quest_home.phpDisclosure of Interests:Atif Rauf: None declared, Catherine Hughes: None declared, Diane Hill: None declared, Patrick Kiely Speakers bureau: Abbvie.
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Tiwari A, Rauf A, Kesavan S, Kappanayil M, Sivadas S, Balan S, Chickermane P. POS1262 A COHORT STUDY OF COVID-19 RELATED MULTISYSTEM INFLAMMATORY SYNDROME IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS FROM MULTIPLE TERTIARY CARE CENTRES IN SOUTH INDIA. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.4034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:After the peak of COVID 19 pandemic, a surge of cases with multi-system involvement and hyperinflammatory state was reported in children, at multiple tertiary care centers across the world. (1) This COVID-19 associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adolescents is also known as multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). There is a paucity of literature of clinical profile of MIS-C patients from India.Objectives:To study the clinical manifestations and treatment outcomes of COVID-19 related multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) and adolescents.Methods:It was a cohort study including cases defnied as per the case definitions of MIS-C by World Health Organisation (WHO) or Centre for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC).(2)The clinical parameters, laboratory parameters (including inflammatory markers, D dimer and NT ProBNP), electrocardiogram, 2D echocardiogram, course in hospital, and immediate outcomes were noted.Results:Twenty five patients (male-14) with a mean age of 6.22 ±4.25 years and a mean body mass index of 16.21 ±3.36 kg/m2 were enrolled on the study. Average length of hospital stay was 8.12±5.76 days. Associated comorbidities were present in 4 of our patients (16%). Figure 1 shows the frequency of clinical features in our study patients. Table 1 shows the clinical, laboratory, imaging findings, disease course and outcomes.Figure 1.Frequency of clinical features in our MIS-C cohort patientsTable 1.Clinical characteristics of MIS-C patients (n)=25Clinical Phenotypes:Incomplete/ Atypical Kawasaki Disease (KD)18 (72%)Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS)11 (44%)Unexplained Shock13 (52%)Fever with gastrointestinal symptoms17 (68%)Fever with neurological symptoms9 (36%)Fever with respiratory symptoms5 (20%)COVID chronology:MISC with acute COVID 19 with MAS1 (4%)MISC with acute COVID 19 with incomplete/atypical KD1 (4%)COVID 19 tests:COVID 19 RTPCR positive2 (8%)COVID 19 RTPCR negative23 (92%)COVID 19 IgG positive20 (80%)COVID 19 IgM positive6 (24%)COVID 19 IgG and IgM both positive2 (8%)COVID 19 IgG and IgM not done4 (16%)Other laboratory investigations(Peak/ trough values):Anaemia20 (80%)Leukopenia2 (8%)Thrombocytopenia6 (24%)Pancytopenia2 (8%)Positive CRP23 (92%)High Procalcitonin9 (36%)High ferritin10 (40%)High D- dimer17 (68%)High NT ProBNP23 (92%)Hypoalbuminemia14 (56%)Sterile pyuria7 (28%)Proteinuria4 (16%)Cardiac assessment:Abnormal Electrocardiogram (ECG)5 (20%)Abnormal Echocardiography15 (60%)Coronary dilation/prominence/non-tapering9 (36%)Coronary aneurysm1 (4%)LAD Z score (Mean±SD)2.12 ± 1.11Decreased Ejection fraction (EF)5 (20%)Systolic Dysfunction5 (20%)Pericardial effusion9 (36%)Global/septal hypokinesia4 (16%)Mitral Valve regurgitation3 (12%)Complete heart block1 (4%)Twenty patients (80%) had severe illness requiring intensive care. Fourteen patients (56%) required inotropic support, 8 patients (32%) required supplemental oxygen, 5 patients (20%) required mechanical ventilation and 2 patients (8%) expired. A total of 23 patients (92%) received pulse steroids followed by oral/iv steroids, 22 patients (88%) received IVIG (2g/kg) and 3 patients (12%) required anticoagulation.Conclusion:Our MIS-C cohort had varied clinical manifestations ranging from the mild cutaneous and gastrointestinal symptoms to fatal multiorgan dysfunctions. In contrast to western cohorts, our study cohort had higher number of patients from younger age group and lower BMI.References:[1]Ahmed M, Advani S, Moreira A, Zoretic S, Martinez J, Chorath K et al. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: A systematic review. EClinicalMedicine. 2020;26:100527.[2]Jiang L, Tang K, Levin M, Irfan O, Morris S, Wilson K et al. COVID-19 and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adolescents. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2020;20(11):e276-e288.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Nengroo Z, Rauf A. Fatty acid composition and antioxidant activity of Angelica glauca and Chenopodium album seed extracts from Kashmir. grasasaceites 2021. [DOI: 10.3989/gya.1149192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Angelica glauca Edgew. and Chenopodium album Linn. are medicinally important plants with aromatic, nutritious and flavor-enhancing properties. In this study the fatty acid composition of petroleum ether seed extracts (PE) of processed plants were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The PE consisted mainly of unsaturated fatty acids, such as petroselinic acid 74.26% and oleic acid 7.37% for A. glauca and linoleic acid 53.05% and oleic acid 20.74% for C. album. The de-fatted seed extracts were screened for their antioxidant activities using 2,2-di-phenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging assay. Almost all the assays resulted in defatted seed extracts showing powerful radical scavenging activity. These findings suggest that the processed plants could be used as ingredients (as a source of natural antioxidants and unsaturated fatty acids) for the formulation of functional foods.
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McLeavy CM, Chunara MH, Gravell RJ, Rauf A, Cushnie A, Staley Talbot C, Hawkins RM. The future of CT: deep learning reconstruction. Clin Radiol 2021; 76:407-415. [PMID: 33637310 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2021.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
There have been substantial advances in computed tomography (CT) technology since its introduction in the 1970s. More recently, these advances have focused on image reconstruction. Deep learning reconstruction (DLR) is the latest complex reconstruction algorithm to be introduced, which harnesses advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and affordable supercomputer technology to achieve the previously elusive triad of high image quality, low radiation dose, and fast reconstruction speeds. The dose reductions achieved with DLR are redefining ultra-low-dose into the realm of plain radiographs whilst maintaining image quality. This review aims to demonstrate the advantages of DLR over other reconstruction methods in terms of dose reduction and image quality in addition to being able to tailor protocols to specific clinical situations. DLR is the future of CT technology and should be considered when procuring new scanners.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M McLeavy
- Department of Radiology, Leighton Hospital, Middlewich Road, Crewe, CW1 4QJ, UK
| | - M H Chunara
- Department of Radiology, Leighton Hospital, Middlewich Road, Crewe, CW1 4QJ, UK
| | - R J Gravell
- Department of Radiology, Leighton Hospital, Middlewich Road, Crewe, CW1 4QJ, UK
| | - A Rauf
- Department of Urology, Leighton Hospital, Middlewich Road, Crewe, CW1 4QJ, UK
| | - A Cushnie
- Department of Radiology, Leighton Hospital, Middlewich Road, Crewe, CW1 4QJ, UK
| | - C Staley Talbot
- Department of Radiology, Leighton Hospital, Middlewich Road, Crewe, CW1 4QJ, UK
| | - R M Hawkins
- Department of Radiology, Leighton Hospital, Middlewich Road, Crewe, CW1 4QJ, UK.
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Fatima SH, Liaquat A, Mansoor S, Rauf A, Fatima SS. Clinical biochemistry teaching: use of peer debriefing by Pendleton's rule as an instructional tool. J PAK MED ASSOC 2021; 70:410-416. [PMID: 32207416 DOI: 10.5455/jpma.17645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the effectiveness of peer debriefing in practical sessions of undergraduate medical students in Pakistan. METHODS The cross-sectional quasi-experimental study was conducted from November 2016 to October 2018 at Shifa College of Medicine, Islamabad, Pakistan, and comprised second year medical students who were randomly divided into two groups. Group A was delivered skill sessions of Nutrition and Metabolism module through facilitator-led demonstration, while Group B was delivered skill sessions through peer debriefing using Pendleton's method. All the students were assessed in formative integrated practical exam. A focus group discussion followed by interviews was subsequently arranged for recording the perception of students regarding the effectiveness of peer debriefing as an instructional tool for skill sessions. Data was analysed using SPSS 21. RESULTS Of the 84 subjects, 39(46.4%) were in Group A and 45(53.6%) were in Group B. Group B results were statistically significant for total cumulative scores and scores for the station of calculating body mass index (p<0.05). No significant difference was found in terms of general physical exam and counselling (p>0.05). Thematic analysis showed that students found the process of peer debriefing as fun, more interactive, time-consuming yet organized and less stressful. Students considered peer debriefing as an effective tool for learning skill sessions. CONCLUSIONS Peer debriefing approach can be a useful instructional strategy to deliver skill sessions. It increases students' participation and thus effectively promotes learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Hanaa Fatima
- Department of Health Professions Education, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Afrose Liaquat
- Department of Biochemistry, Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sumreena Mansoor
- Department of Biochemistry, Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesh Rauf
- Department of Health Professions Education, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Sanaa Fatima
- Department of Medical Education, Foundation University Medical College, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Rauf A, Abbas Z, Shehzad SA. Interactions of Active and Passive Control of Nanoparticles on Radiative Magnetohydrodynamics Flow of Nanofluid Over Oscillatory Rotating Disk in Porous Medium. j nanofluids 2019. [DOI: 10.1166/jon.2019.1705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Bawazeer S, Rauf A, Shahidullah A, Mishra AP, Faraone I, Milella L, Ullah K, Uddin G, Khan I, Patel S, Shah ZA. Structural Insights Behind Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Inhibitory Activity of Diospyrin. Indian J Pharm Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Cole JW, Xu H, Ryan K, Jaworek T, Dueker N, McArdle P, Gaynor B, Cheng YC, O'Connell J, Bevan S, Malik R, Ahmed NU, Amouyel P, Anjum S, Bis JC, Crosslin D, Danesh J, Engelter ST, Fornage M, Frossard P, Gieger C, Giese AK, Grond-Ginsbach C, Ho WK, Holliday E, Hopewell J, Hussain M, Iqbal W, Jabeen S, Jannes J, Kamal A, Kamatani Y, Kanse S, Kloss M, Lathrop M, Leys D, Lindgren A, Longstreth WT, Mahmood K, Meisinger C, Metso TM, Mosley T, Müller-Nurasyid M, Norrving B, Parati E, Peters A, Pezzini A, Quereshi I, Rasheed A, Rauf A, Salam T, Shen J, Słowik A, Stanne T, Strauch K, Tatlisumak T, Thijs VN, Tiedt S, Traylor M, Waldenberger M, Walters M, Zhao W, Boncoraglio G, Debette S, Jern C, Levi C, Markus H, Meschia J, Rolfs A, Rothwell P, Saleheen D, Seshadri S, Sharma P, Sudlow C, Worrall B, Stine OC, Kittner SJ, Mitchell BD. Genetics of the thrombomodulin-endothelial cell protein C receptor system and the risk of early-onset ischemic stroke. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206554. [PMID: 30383853 PMCID: PMC6211695 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Polymorphisms in coagulation genes have been associated with early-onset ischemic stroke. Here we pursue an a priori hypothesis that genetic variation in the endothelial-based receptors of the thrombomodulin-protein C system (THBD and PROCR) may similarly be associated with early-onset ischemic stroke. We explored this hypothesis utilizing a multi-stage design of discovery and replication. METHODS Discovery was performed in the Genetics-of-Early-Onset Stroke (GEOS) Study, a biracial population-based case-control study of ischemic stroke among men and women aged 15-49 including 829 cases of first ischemic stroke (42.2% African-American) and 850 age-comparable stroke-free controls (38.1% African-American). Twenty-four single-nucleotide-polymorphisms (SNPs) in THBD and 22 SNPs in PROCR were evaluated. Following LD pruning (r2≥0.8), we advanced uncorrelated SNPs forward for association analyses. Associated SNPs were evaluated for replication in an early-onset ischemic stroke population (onset-age<60 years) consisting of 3676 cases and 21118 non-stroke controls from 6 case-control studies. Lastly, we determined if the replicated SNPs also associated with older-onset ischemic stroke in the METASTROKE data-base. RESULTS Among GEOS Caucasians, PROCR rs9574, which was in strong LD with 8 other SNPs, and one additional independent SNP rs2069951, were significantly associated with ischemic stroke (rs9574, OR = 1.33, p = 0.003; rs2069951, OR = 1.80, p = 0.006) using an additive-model adjusting for age, gender and population-structure. Adjusting for risk factors did not change the associations; however, associations were strengthened among those without risk factors. PROCR rs9574 also associated with early-onset ischemic stroke in the replication sample (OR = 1.08, p = 0.015), but not older-onset stroke. There were no PROCR associations in African-Americans, nor were there any THBD associations in either ethnicity. CONCLUSION PROCR polymorphisms are associated with early-onset ischemic stroke in Caucasians.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W. Cole
- Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System; University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Huichun Xu
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Kathleen Ryan
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Thomas Jaworek
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Nicole Dueker
- University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Patrick McArdle
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Brady Gaynor
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Yu-Ching Cheng
- Food and Drug Administration, White Oak, MD, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey O'Connell
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Steve Bevan
- University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom
| | - Rainer Malik
- Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Sheraz Anjum
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Joshua C. Bis
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - David Crosslin
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - John Danesh
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Myriam Fornage
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | | | | | - Anne-Katrin Giese
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | | | - Weang Kee Ho
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - M. Hussain
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - W. Iqbal
- Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S. Jabeen
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Jim Jannes
- University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Sandip Kanse
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Mark Lathrop
- McGill University and Québec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | | | | | - W. T. Longstreth
- Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Khalid Mahmood
- Dow University of Health Sciences, Civil Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Thomas Mosley
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States of America
| | | | | | | | - Annette Peters
- GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Munich, Germany
| | | | - I. Quereshi
- King Edward Medical University and Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asif Rasheed
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A. Rauf
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - T. Salam
- Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Jess Shen
- Lunenfeld Tenubaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Tara Stanne
- Institute of Biomedicine, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | - Vincent N. Thijs
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Steffen Tiedt
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Wei Zhao
- Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | | | | | | | | | - Hugh Markus
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - James Meschia
- Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States of America
| | - Arndt Rolfs
- University of Rostock, Rostock, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany
| | | | - Danish Saleheen
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Pankaj Sharma
- Royal Holloway, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Bradford Worrall
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | | | | | - O. Colin Stine
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Steven J. Kittner
- Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System; University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Braxton D. Mitchell
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
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Rauf A, Addnan F, Manzor N, Abdullah W, Elkadi M, Hamdan F, Aripin K, Behnke J, Mansur F. Anthelmintic Effect of Date Palm Fruit: A Systematic Review. CURR TOP NUTRACEUT R 2018. [DOI: 10.37290/ctnr2641-452x.17:276-281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Soil-transmitted helminth infections constitute a global affliction affecting people and livestock, resulting in a significant disease burden and economic losses in endemic regions. However, control has not been entirely successful and the problem is compounded by the development of resistance to available chemotherapy. Novel alternative compounds are urgently needed, encouraging the screening of largely plant-based sources for anthelmintic effects. Date palm fruit (Phoenix dactylifera) is a popular and nutritious food much coveted for its nutraceutical effect. There are convincing reports documenting the antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal effects of date palm fruit but evidence for any potential anthelmintic effect remains unclear. Here we conducted a systematic review of the published information through an electronic search using six scientific databases; SCOPUS, MEDLINE COMPLETE, OVID, EMBASE, WEB OF SCIENCE and CINAHL COMPLETE. Out of 58 studies that were initially identified only 2 manuscripts fitted our inclusion criteria. The first article reported on the anthelmintic effect of date palm fruit against the rodent nematodes Trichuris muris and Angiostrongylus cantonensis in vitro and in vivo while the second article was based only on in vivo assessment (with coconut) of the effect on the rodent cestode Hymenolepis microstoma. Our review revealed limited anecdotal reports of the anthelmintic effect of date palm fruit against parasitic helminths, however, the majority of reports were inconclusive due to mixed results, limited focus on date palm fruit and lack of any statistical analyses. Rigorous, systematic and fully controlled studies focusing on date palm fruit are needed to validate the anecdotal evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Rauf
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - F.H. Addnan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - N.F.M. Manzor
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - W.O. Abdullah
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M.A. Elkadi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - F. Hamdan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - K.N.N. Aripin
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - J.M. Behnke
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - F.A.F. Mansur
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Rauf A, Shehzad SA, Mushtaq T, Hayat T. Non-Linear Three Dimensional Convective Flow of Nanofluid: An Application of Wavelet-Galerkin Method. j nanofluids 2017. [DOI: 10.1166/jon.2017.1397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Huang HC, Vlasova AN, Kumar A, Kandasamy S, Fischer DD, Deblais L, Paim FC, Langel SN, Alhamo MA, Rauf A, Shao L, Saif LJ, Rajashekara G. Effect of antibiotic, probiotic, and human rotavirus infection on colonisation dynamics of defined commensal microbiota in a gnotobiotic pig model. Benef Microbes 2017; 9:71-86. [PMID: 29022385 DOI: 10.3920/bm2016.0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We developed a gnotobiotic (Gn) pig model colonised with defined commensal microbiota (DMF) to provide a simplified and controlled system to study the interactions between intestinal commensals, antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, CIP), probiotics (Escherichia coli Nissle 1917, EcN) and virulent human rotavirus (VirHRV). The DMF included seven gut commensal species of porcine origin that mimic the predominant species in the infant gut. Gn piglets were divided into four groups: DMF control (non-treated), DMF+CIP (CIP treated), DMF+CIP+EcN (CIP/EcN treated), DMF+EcN (EcN treated) and inoculated orally with 105 cfu of each DMF strain. The pig gut was successfully colonised by all DMF species and established a simplified bacterial community by post-bacteria colonisation day (PBCD) 14/post-VirHRV challenge day (PCD) 0. Overall, Bifidobacterium adolescentis was commonly observed in faeces in all groups and time points. At PCD0, after six days of CIP treatment (DMF+CIP), we observed significantly decreased aerobic and anaerobic bacteria counts especially in jejunum (P<0.001), where no DMF species were detected in jejunum by T-RFLP. Following HRV challenge, 100% of pigs in DMF+CIP group developed diarrhoea with higher diarrhoea scores and duration as compared to all other groups. However, only 33% of pigs treated with EcN plus CIP developed diarrhoea. EcN treatment also enhanced the bacterial diversity and all seven DMF species were detected with a higher proportion of Bifidobacterium longum in jejunum in the DMF+CIP+EcN group on PBCD14/PCD0. Our results suggest that EcN increased the proportion of B. longum especially in jejunum and mitigated adverse impacts of antibiotic use during acute-infectious diarrhoea. The DMF model with a simplified gut commensal community can further our knowledge of how commensals and probiotics promote intestinal homeostasis and contribute to host health.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-C Huang
- 1 Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP). The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Veterinary Preventive Medicine Department, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - A N Vlasova
- 1 Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP). The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Veterinary Preventive Medicine Department, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - A Kumar
- 1 Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP). The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Veterinary Preventive Medicine Department, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA.,2 Genomics and Systems Biology, Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM 87545
| | - S Kandasamy
- 1 Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP). The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Veterinary Preventive Medicine Department, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - D D Fischer
- 1 Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP). The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Veterinary Preventive Medicine Department, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - L Deblais
- 1 Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP). The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Veterinary Preventive Medicine Department, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - F C Paim
- 1 Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP). The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Veterinary Preventive Medicine Department, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - S N Langel
- 1 Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP). The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Veterinary Preventive Medicine Department, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - M A Alhamo
- 1 Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP). The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Veterinary Preventive Medicine Department, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - A Rauf
- 1 Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP). The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Veterinary Preventive Medicine Department, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA.,3 Northeast Ohio Medical University, College of Pharmacy, 4209 St. Rt 44 PO Box 95, Rootstown OH 44272
| | - L Shao
- 1 Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP). The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Veterinary Preventive Medicine Department, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA.,4 University of Pittsburgh, Hillman Cancer Center, 4200 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh PA 15260
| | - L J Saif
- 1 Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP). The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Veterinary Preventive Medicine Department, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - G Rajashekara
- 1 Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP). The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Veterinary Preventive Medicine Department, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA
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Rauf A, Ben Hadda T, Uddin G, Ramadan MF, Bawazeer S, Khan H, Farooq U, Khan A. Fatty Acid Composition and Biological Activities of Oily Fractions from Pistacia integerrima Roots. Chem Nat Compd 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-017-2134-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Rauf A, Denny S, Pierres F, Jackson A, Papamichail N, Pavlidis A, Alfakih K. P897Diagnostic yield of invasive coronary angiography in a UK district general hospital. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx501.p897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Rauf A, Denny S, Pierres F, Jackson A, Papamichail N, Pavlidis A, Alfakih K. 1205The yield of invasive coronary angiography in patients with acute coronary syndromes in the era of high sensitivity troponin. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx502.1205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Mohammad M, Rauf A, Rauf S. An Electrochemical and Computational Analysis of Electronic Communication in a “Molecular Spider”. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Mohammad
- International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences; University of Karachi.; University Road Karachi 75270 Pakistan
| | - A. Rauf
- International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences; University of Karachi.; University Road Karachi 75270 Pakistan
| | - S. Rauf
- Department of Chemistry; NED University of Engineering and Technology.; University Road Karachi 75270 Pakistan
- International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences; University of Karachi.; University Road Karachi 75270 Pakistan
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Al-Sarie M, Rauf A, Wever-Pinzon J, Catino A, Stehlik J, Kfouri A, McKellar S, Wever-Pinzon O, Kelkhoff A, Alharethi R, Reid B, Fang J, Selzman C, Drakos S. Myocardial and End-Organ Response after Long-Term Mechanical Unloading with Continuous-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device: Axial- Versus Centrifugal-Flow. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Al-Sarie M, Rauf A, Selzman C, Kfouri A, Doty J, McKellar S, Koliopoulou A, Wever-Pinzon J, Saleh ZA, Wright S, Wever-Pinzon O, Nativi-Nicolau J, Stehlik J, Drakos S. Sustainability of Pulmonary Hypertension Reversal Before and After Heart Transplantation in Patients Bridged with Continuous-Flow LVADs: Axial- vs Centrifugal-Flow. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Rauf A, Johnson A, Buchmiller T, Ridge N, Miller A, Choi H, Stoker S, Alharethi R, Caine W, Budge D, Afshar K, Rasmusson B, Reid B, Kfoury A. Use of Rosendaal Method for Calculating Time above Therapeutic INR Range as a Tool to Assess Relative Bleeding Risk in Patients with Left Ventricular Assist Devices. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Rauf A, Al-Sarie M, Wever-Pinzon J, Alharethi R, Stehlik J, Drakos S, Johnson A, Miller A, Choi H, Stoker S, Caine W, Budge D, Afshar K, Reid B, Kfoury A. Comparing Changes in Aortic and Mitral Valve Function with Axial (AX) Versus Centrifugal (CR) Left Ventricular Assist Devices. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Johnson A, McCubrey R, Ridge N, Rauf A, Choi H, Millers A, Stoker S, Alharethi R, Caine W, Budge D, Rasmusson B, Afshar K, Reid B, Kfoury A. Does High Blood Pressure Early Post LVAD Implant Increase the Risk of Pump Thrombosis? J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Mumm R, Hageman JA, Calingacion MN, de Vos RCH, Jonker HH, Erban A, Kopka J, Hansen TH, Laursen KH, Schjoerring JK, Ward JL, Beale MH, Jongee S, Rauf A, Habibi F, Indrasari SD, Sakhan S, Ramli A, Romero M, Reinke RF, Ohtsubo K, Boualaphanh C, Fitzgerald MA, Hall RD. Multi-platform metabolomics analyses of a broad collection of fragrant and non-fragrant rice varieties reveals the high complexity of grain quality characteristics. Metabolomics 2016; 12:38. [PMID: 26848289 PMCID: PMC4723621 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-015-0925-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The quality of rice in terms not only of its nutritional value but also in terms of its aroma and flavour is becoming increasingly important in modern rice breeding where global targets are focused on both yield stability and grain quality. In the present paper we have exploited advanced, multi-platform metabolomics approaches to determine the biochemical differences in 31 rice varieties from a diverse range of genetic backgrounds and origin. All were grown under the specific local conditions for which they have been bred and all aspects of varietal identification and sample purity have been guaranteed by local experts from each country. Metabolomics analyses using 6 platforms have revealed the extent of biochemical differences (and similarities) between the chosen rice genotypes. Comparison of fragrant rice varieties showed a difference in the metabolic profiles of jasmine and basmati varieties. However with no consistent separation of the germplasm class. Storage of grains had a significant effect on the metabolome of both basmati and jasmine rice varieties but changes were different for the two rice types. This shows how metabolic changes may help prove a causal relationship with developing good quality in basmati rice or incurring quality loss in jasmine rice in aged grains. Such metabolomics approaches are leading to hypotheses on the potential links between grain quality attributes, biochemical composition and genotype in the context of breeding for improvement. With this knowledge we shall establish a stronger, evidence-based foundation upon which to build targeted strategies to support breeders in their quest for improved rice varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Mumm
- />Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- />Centre for BioSystems Genomics, P.O. Box 98, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - J. A. Hageman
- />Biometris-Applied Statistics, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - M. N. Calingacion
- />Grain Quality, and Nutrition Centre, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
- />Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- />School of Agriculture and Food Science, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - R. C. H. de Vos
- />Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- />Centre for BioSystems Genomics, P.O. Box 98, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- />Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - H. H. Jonker
- />Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- />Centre for BioSystems Genomics, P.O. Box 98, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - A. Erban
- />Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology (MPIMP), Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - J. Kopka
- />Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology (MPIMP), Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - T. H. Hansen
- />Plant and Soil Science Section, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen (UC), Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - K. H. Laursen
- />Plant and Soil Science Section, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen (UC), Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J. K. Schjoerring
- />Plant and Soil Science Section, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen (UC), Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J. L. Ward
- />The National Centre for Plant and Microbial Metabolomics, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Herts AL52JQ UK
| | - M. H. Beale
- />The National Centre for Plant and Microbial Metabolomics, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Herts AL52JQ UK
| | - S. Jongee
- />Ubonratchathani Rice Research Centre, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
| | - A. Rauf
- />Rice Programme, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - F. Habibi
- />Grain Quality Division, Rice Research Institute of Iran (RRII), Km 5 Tehran Rd, 41996-13475 Rasht, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - S. D. Indrasari
- />Indonesian Center for Rice Research (ICRR) BB Padi, Jl. Raya 9, Sukamandi, Subang, 41256 Jawa Barat Indonesia
| | - S. Sakhan
- />Cambodian Agricultural Research and Development Institute, CARDI Rd, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - A. Ramli
- />Pusat Penyelidikan Padi dan Tanaman Industri, MARDI, Seberang Perai Beg Berkunci 203 Pejabat Pos Kepala Batas, 13200 Seberang Perai Pulau, Penang Malaysia
| | - M. Romero
- />Rice Chemistry and Food Science Division, Philippine Rice Research Institute, Maligaya, Science City of Muñoz, 3119 Nueva Ecija Philippines
| | - R. F. Reinke
- />Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Agricultural Institute (An Alliance Between NSW Department of Primary Industries and Charles Sturt University), Wagga Wagga, NSW Australia
- />Plant Breeding, Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - K. Ohtsubo
- />Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - C. Boualaphanh
- />Department of Plant Science and Agricultural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand
- />Rice and Cash Crops Research Centre, National Agriculture and Forestry Research Institute, PDR, Vientiane, Lao
| | - M. A. Fitzgerald
- />Grain Quality, and Nutrition Centre, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
- />School of Agriculture and Food Science, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - R. D. Hall
- />Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- />Centre for BioSystems Genomics, P.O. Box 98, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- />Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- />Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
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Akhtar M, Tahir MN, Saleem M, Mazhar M, Rauf A, Isab AA, Ahmad S, Nadeem S. Crystal structure and biological properties of a tetranuclear zinc(II) complex of cysteamine, [Zn4Cym4Cl4] prepared in the presence of diamines. RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036023615120037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Johnson A, Rauf A, Christensen S, Wright G, Miller A, Stoker S, Alharethi R, Caine W, Budge D, Reid B, Rasmusson B, Afshar K, Kfoury A. Substance Abuse and Left Ventricular Assist Device Outcomes: Does a History and Type of Use Matter? J Heart Lung Transplant 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2015.01.524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Butt WT, Rauf A, Abbasi TR, Mahmood S, Geoghegan J. Caecal diverticulitis: a rare cause of right iliac fossa pain. Ir Med J 2014; 107:291-292. [PMID: 25417391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present a case of a young boy with an unusual cause of right iliac fossa pain. His history, examination and laboratory investigations suggested a diagnosis of acute appendicitis. However preoperative abdominal CT revealed an inflamed solitary caecal diverticulum and a normal appendix. He was subsequently treated conservatively and recovered well, saving him from undergoing a general anaesthetic and abdominal surgery.
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Rauf W, Blitz JJ, Geyser MM, Rauf A. Quality improvement cycles that reduced waiting times at Tshwane District Hospital Emergency Department. S Afr Fam Pract (2004) 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/20786204.2008.10873781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Abstract
Green onion (Allium fistulosum L.) is an important vegetable crop for small-holder farmers for domestic consumption in Indonesia. Iris yellow spot virus (IYSV; family Bunyaviridae, genus Tospovirus) transmitted by Thrips tabaci is an economically important viral pathogen of bulb and seed onion crops in many onion-growing areas of the world (1,3). In Asia, IYSV has been reported in India and Sri Lanka (2,4). In April 2013, symptoms suspected to be caused by IYSV were observed on a 1-month-old green onion crop grown for their leaves in a farmer's field in Cipendawa, Pacet, Cianjur District, West Java. Symptoms consisted of elliptical to spindle-shaped, straw colored, irregular, chlorotic lesions with occasional green islands on the leaves. Approximately 25% of the field had plants with these symptoms. The presence of the virus was confirmed with an IYSV-specific Agdia Flash kit. IYSV infection was confirmed by RT-PCR with primers specific to the nucleoprotein (N) gene of IYSV. Primers 465c: 5'-AGCAAAGTGAGAGGACCACC-3' and IYSV-239f: 5' TGAGCCCCAATCAAGACG3' (3) were used as forward and reverse primers, respectively, using total nucleic acids eluted from FTA cards that were previously coated with freshly prepared sap extracts from field samples. Amplicons of approximately 240 bp were obtained from four symptomatic plants tested but not from healthy and water controls. The amplicons were cloned and sequenced. Consensus sequence was derived from three clones. Comparison with IYSV N gene sequences available in GenBank showed sequence identity of 95 to 99% confirming the identity of the virus as IYSV. To our knowledge, this is the first report of IYSV infecting onion in Indonesia. The finding in Java underscores the need for conducting surveys in Java as well as other onion-growing regions of Indonesia to gain a better understanding of its incidence, distribution, and potential impact. References: (1) D. H. Gent et al. Plant Dis. 88:446, 2004. (2) B. Mandal et al. Plant Dis. 96:468, 2012. (3) H. R. Pappu et al. Virus Res. 141:219, 2009. (4) K. S. Ravi et al. Plant Pathol. 55:288, 2006.
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Affiliation(s)
- H R Pappu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, 99164
| | - A Rauf
- Department of Plant Protection, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
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Abstract
Turkey parvovirus belongs to the family Parvoviridae, subfamily Parvovirinae, Genus parvovirus. Since the initial report on turkey parvovirus in the United States appeared in 1983, there had been no further reports of parvovirus in turkeys until 2008. The aims of our study were to determine the prevalence of parvovirus in commercial turkey flocks using PCR; to determine their genetic relationship to previous strains identified in North America and Europe; and to test samples for enteric viruses by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A total of 169 fecal samples collected from 42 turkey farms in four different states within the United States between 2000 and 2010 were examined. We found that the most frequently detected viruses by TEM were small round viruses, accounting for 52% of the examined samples; however, the PCR detected parvoviruses in 71% of the samples. The phylogenetic analysis of partial nonstructural gene sequences showed a certain degree of variability among the turkey samples tested in the study. Moreover, there was a clear dichotomy in the phylogenetic tree between chicken and turkey samples, with the exception of one turkey isolate from 2000, which clustered together with the chicken group.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Murgia
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
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Kennedy J, McCandless S, Rauf A, Williams L, Hillam J, Hitchcock R. Engineered channels enhance cellular density in perfused scaffolds. Acta Biomater 2011; 7:3896-904. [PMID: 21745609 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2010] [Revised: 05/18/2011] [Accepted: 06/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Scaffold-based tissue engineering provides cells with an engineered matrix to enhance and direct cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation. One critical limitation to current tissue engineering approaches is the inability to create densely populated constructs thicker than a few 100 μm. We hypothesized that development of porous, channeled scaffolds would increase cell density and uniformity of their spatial distribution through scaffold channel perfusion. Patterned polyurethane sheets were fabricated using a sprayed phase separation technique and laminated together to form 1.5 mm thick channeled scaffolds. Hydraulic permeability testing confirmed the presence of functional channels throughout the multilaminate construct. A continuous flow bioreactor was used to perfuse the construct with medium during the culture period. Cross-sectional cell densities and spatial uniformities were measured in channeled and nonchanneled scaffolds under different seeding and culture conditions. Channeled scaffolds were found to have higher densities of human mesenchymal stem cells than nonchanneled samples. Perfused scaffolds had more uniform spatial distribution of cells within the scaffold compared to statically cultured scaffolds. In conclusion, we have shown the channeled scaffolds to be a promising approach toward creating thick tissue-engineered constructs.
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Rauf A, Ahmed F, Qureshi AM, Aziz-ur-Rehman, Khan A, Qadir MI, Choudhary MI, Chohan ZH, Youssoufid MH, Haddad TB. Synthesis and Urease Inhibition Studies of Barbituric and Thiobarbituric Acid Derived Sulphonamides. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201190017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Uddin S, Rauf A, Kazi TG, Afridi HI, Lutfullah G. Highly sensitive spectrometric method for determination of hydroquinone in skin lightening creams: application in cosmetics. Int J Cosmet Sci 2011; 33:132-7. [PMID: 20704599 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2494.2010.00599.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A highly sensitive, simpler, faster and economical UV/visible spectrophotometric method has been established for the estimation of hydroquinone (HQ) in dilute organic matrices. The method is based on using ammonium meta-vanadate as an oxidizing catalyst for conversion of HQ to p-benzoquinone (BQ) in the presence of oxygen. As a result of higher absorption of UV light by BQ than by HQ, its signal has been utilized for determining HQ at the trace level. The effect of various parameters such as amount of oxidizing agent, stability time, temperature, acids and bases, solvents and interference by various compounds has been studied upon the absorption of BQ as HQ. Under optimized conditions, Beer's Law was obeyed in the range of 0.025-2.00 μg ml(-1) HQ at 245.5 nm using 1 : 1 (V/V) 2-propanol/water system with a lower detection limit of 7 ng ml(-1) and linear regression coefficient of 0.9998. Relative standard deviation of 1.5% was observed for 0.5 μg ml(-1) HQ solution (n = 11). The newly developed method has been successfully applied to diluted samples of various skin lightening creams for free HQ determination at the trace level. Comparison of the results obtained by the proposed method with those by a previously reported method proved its validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Uddin
- National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan.
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Abstract
A new series of six chromone-derived compounds and their Cu(II) complexes have been synthesized and characterized by their physical, spectral and analytical data. The ligands and their Cu(II) complexes were screened for their in vitro antibacterial activity against four Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri) and two Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus) bacterial strains by agar-well diffusion method. The ligands were found to exhibit either no or low-to-moderate activities against one or more bacterial species whereas, the Cu(II) complexes exhibited moderate-to-high activity. The ligands which were inactive before complexation became active upon complexation with the Cu(II) metal ion and less active became more active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahid H Chohan
- Department of Chemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
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Adams E, Watson EK, Boulton MG, Rose PW, Richardson A, Lund S, Wilson S, Savage B, Rauf A, Belcher J. The role of primary care in cancer care: the views and experiences of patients and family members. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2011-000020.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The main aim of the study was to analyze the outcomes of clavicle fractures in adults treated non-surgically and to evaluate the clinical effects of displacement, fracture patterns, fracture location, fracture comminution, shortening and fracture union on shoulder function. METHODS Seventy clavicle fractures were non-surgically treated in the Orthopedics Department at the Tuanku Ja'afar General Hospital, a tertiary care hospital in Seremban, Malaysia, an average of six months after injury. The clavicle fractures were treated conservatively with an arm sling and a figure-eight splint for three weeks. No attempt was made to reduce displaced fractures, and the patients were allowed immediate free-shoulder mobilization, as tolerated. They were prospectively evaluated clinically and radiographically. Shoulder function was evaluated using the Constant scoring technique. RESULTS There were statistically significant functional outcome impairments in non-surgically treated clavicle fractures that correlated with the fracture type (comminution), the fracture displacement (21 mm or more), shortening (15 mm or more) and the fracture union (malunion). CONCLUSION This article reveals the need for surgical intervention to treat clavicle fractures and improve shoulder functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Yazid Bajuri
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Damayanti TA, Alabi OJ, Rauf A, Naidu RA. The Occurrence of Bean common mosaic virus and Cucumber mosaic virus in Yardlong Beans in Indonesia. Plant Dis 2010; 94:478. [PMID: 30754487 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-94-4-0478b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Yardlong bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis) is extensively cultivated in Indonesia for consumption as a green vegetable. During the 2008 season, a severe outbreak of a virus-like disease occurred in yardlong beans grown in farmers' fields in Bogor, Bekasi, Subang, Indramayu, and Cirebon of West Java, Tanggerang of Banten, and Pekalongan and Muntilan of Central Java. Leaves of infected plants showed severe mosaic to bright yellow mosaic and vein-clearing symptoms, and pods were deformed and also showed mosaic symptoms on the surface. In cv. 777, vein-clearing was observed, resulting in a netting pattern on symptomatic leaves followed by death of the plants as the season advanced. Disease incidence in the Bogor region was approximately 80%, resulting in 100% yield loss. Symptomatic leaf samples from five representative plants tested positive in antigen-coated plate-ELISA with potyvirus group-specific antibodies (AS-573/1; DSMZ, German Resource Center for Biological Material, Braunschweig, Germany) and antibodies to Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV; AS-0929). To confirm these results, viral nucleic acids eluted from FTA classic cards (FTA Classic Card, Whatman International Ltd., Maidstone, UK) were subjected to reverse transcription (RT)-PCR using potyvirus degenerate primers (CIFor: 5'-GGIVVIGTIGGIWSIGGIAARTCIAC-3' and CIRev: 5'-ACICCRTTYTCDATDATRTTIGTIGC-3') (3) and degenerate primers (CMV-1F: 5'-ACCGCGGGTCTTATTATGGT-3' and CMV-1R: 5' ACGGATTCAAACTGGGAGCA-3') specific for CMV subgroup I (1). A single DNA product of approximately 683 base pairs (bp) with the potyvirus-specific primers and a 382-bp fragment with the CMV-specific primers were amplified from ELISA-positive samples. These results indicated the presence of a potyvirus and CMV as mixed infections in all five samples. The amplified fragments specific to potyvirus (four samples) and CMV (three samples) were cloned separately into pCR2.1 (Invitrogen Corp., Carlsbad, CA). Two independent clones per amplicon were sequenced from both orientations. Pairwise comparison of these sequences showed 93 to 100% identity among the cloned amplicons produced using the potyvirus-specific primers (GenBank Accessions Nos. FJ653916, FJ653917, FJ653918, FJ653919, FJ653920, FJ653921, FJ653922, FJ653923, FJ653924, FJ653925, and FJ653926) and 92 to 97% with a corresponding nucleotide sequence of Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) from Taiwan (No. AY575773) and 88 to 90% with BCMV sequences from China (No. AJ312438) and the United States (No. AY863025). The sequence analysis indicated that BCMV isolates from yardlong bean are more closely related to an isolate from Taiwan than with isolates from China and the United States. The CMV isolates (GenBank No. FJ687054) each were 100% identical and 96% identical with corresponding sequences of CMV subgroup I isolates from Thailand (No. AJ810264) and Malaysia (No. DQ195082). Both BCMV and CMV have been documented in soybean, mungbean, and peanut in East Java of Indonesia (2). Previously, BCMV, but not CMV, was documented on yardlong beans in Guam (4). To our knowledge, this study represents the first confirmed report of CMV in yardlong bean in Indonesia and is further evidence that BCMV is becoming established in Indonesia. References: (1) J. Aramburu et al. J. Phytopathol. 155:513, 2007. (2) S. K. Green et al. Plant Dis. 72:994, 1988. (3) C. Ha et al. Arch. Virol. 153:25, 2008. (4) G. C. Wall et al. Micronesica 29:101, 1996.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Damayanti
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
| | - O J Alabi
- Department of Plant Pathology, Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, 24106 N. Bunn Road Prosser 99350
| | - A Rauf
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
| | - R A Naidu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, 24106 N. Bunn Road Prosser 99350
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Rauf W, Hitchcock S, Rauf A, Becker PJ. Knowledge of and misconceptions about the spread and prevention of HIV infection among older urban women attending the Tshwane District Hospital, South Africa. S Afr Fam Pract (2004) 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/20786204.2010.10873957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Shelton AM, Gujar GT, Chen M, Rauf A, Srinivasan R, Kalia V, Mittal A, Kumari A, Ramesh K, Borkakatti R, Zhao JZ, Endersby N, Russell D, Wu YD, Uijtewaal B. Assessing the susceptibility of cruciferous Lepidoptera to Cry1Ba2 and Cry1Ca4 for future transgenic cruciferous vegetables. J Econ Entomol 2009; 102:2217-2223. [PMID: 20069851 DOI: 10.1603/029.102.0626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Advances in transgenic plants expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insecticidal gene(s) offer a promising alternative to traditional insecticides for control of lepidopteran pests on important cruciferous vegetable crops such as cabbage and cauliflower. A public-private partnership, the Collaboration on Insect Management for Brassicas in Asia and Africa (CIMBAA), was formed in 2005 with the goal of developing dual-gene Bt cauliflower and cabbage, initially for India, to replace the use of broad spectrum, traditional insecticides. As a first step in this effort, the major lepidopteran pests of cruciferous vegetable crops [Plutella xylostella (L.), Pieris rapae (L.), Pieris brassicae (L.), Crocidolomia binotalis (L.), Hellula undalis (F.), Diacrisia obliqua Walker, Spodoptera litura F., and Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)] were collected over a large geographic area (India, Indonesia, Taiwan, China, Australia, and the United States) and tested against purified Cry1Ba2 and Cry1Ca4 toxins, the toxins proposed to be expressed in the CIMBAA plants. Our results demonstrate that Cry1Ba2 and Cry1Ca4 were effective against the primary target of the CIMBAA plants, P. xylostella, regardless of geographic location, and had LC50 values <1.3 ppm. Furthermore, one or both toxins were effective against the other major pest Lepidoptera, except for S. litura or H. armigera which were less susceptible. No cross-resistance has been found between Cry1Ba2 and Cry1Ca4, suggesting cry1Ba2+cry1Ca4 cauliflower and cabbage could be an effective and sustainable tool to control, P. xylostella, the key lepidopteran pest on cruciferous vegetable crops, as well as most other Lepidoptera. As the CIMBAA plants are being developed, further tests are needed to determine whether they will express these proteins at sufficient levels to control all the Lepidoptera. Sustainable use of the dual-gene plants also is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Shelton
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University/NYSAES, Geneva, NY 14456, USA.
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Muniappan R, Shepard BM, Watson GW, Carner GR, Rauf A, Sartiami D, Hidayat P, Afun JVK, Goergen G, Rahman AKMZ. New Records of Invasive Insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha) in Southeast Asia and West Africa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.3954/1523-5475-26.4.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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