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Balaji A, Makam R, Hussein N, Loubani M. Congenital Absence of Pericardium: A Case Report and Technical Considerations in Cardiac Surgery. Cureus 2024; 16:e56885. [PMID: 38659528 PMCID: PMC11041855 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This case report describes a rare instance of left-sided congenital pericardial agenesis (CPA) encountered during coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in a 77-year-old male. In this unique case, the presence of an unusual strip of left pericardium containing the phrenic nerve posed significant surgical challenges. Special attention was required for the graft lay, ensuring adequate filling of the heart during assessment before closure, as well as emphasis on the need for generous graft length. Additionally, the evaluation of graft positioning prior to cardiopulmonary bypass was crucial. Despite these complexities, CABG was successfully performed with no complications to note. This case underscores the importance of adaptability in surgical technique to manage the unique challenges posed by CPA, leading to a positive outcome despite the atypical cardiac anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayush Balaji
- Medical Education, Hull York Medical School, York, GBR
| | - Rishab Makam
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, Castle Hill Hospital, Cottingham, GBR
| | - Nabil Hussein
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, Castle Hill Hospital, Cottingham, GBR
| | - Mahmoud Loubani
- Medical Education, Hull York Medical School, York, GBR
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, Castle Hill Hospital, Cottingham, GBR
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2
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Toga A, Balaji A, Hemmi O, Ishii K, Tokunaga S, Katoh S, Izumida R. Examining the Efficacy of Drain Tip Cultures in Predicting Postoperative Surgical Site Infections in Hip Arthroplasty: A 15-Year Retrospective Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e46395. [PMID: 37927684 PMCID: PMC10620546 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Postoperative surgical site infections (SSIs) are a significant complication of surgical procedures, leading to increased morbidity, prolonged hospital stays, and substantial healthcare costs; however, the use of drain tip cultures to diagnose SSIs in patients is controversial. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of drain tip cultures for the prediction of postoperative SSIs in patients recovering from hip arthroplasty. Methodology The data were collected from 1204 patients who underwent hip arthroplasty procedures over 15 years, and statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of drain tip culture in determining surgical site infection. We also used these data to evaluate whether preexisting conditions such as hypertension or diabetes affected the probability of a patient getting an SSI. Results Drain tip cultures were positive in 12 of 1,112 cases of primary hip arthroplasty, but only one of these 12 patients was ultimately diagnosed with an SSI (sensitivity, 12.5%; specificity, 99.0%; p = 0.0834). Results from postoperative drain tip cultures performed in patients undergoing revision arthroplasty included two false positives and three false negatives; interestingly, no true positives were detected in any of the revision arthroplasty cases we evaluated (sensitivity, 0%; specificity, 97.8%; p = 0.9355). Conclusion Our results indicate that drain tip cultures have no statistically significant predictive value for the diagnosis of postoperative SSIs and thus should not be used as a primary diagnostic or predictive tool for SSIs. We recommend exploring other diagnostic tools for the postoperative diagnosis of SSIs. Standardized guidelines should therefore be established to improve the predictive value of the different methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Toga
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Edogawa Hospital, Tokyo, JPN
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JPN
| | - Ayush Balaji
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Edogawa Hospital, Tokyo, JPN
- Medicine, Hull York Medical School, York, GBR
| | - Osamu Hemmi
- Keiyu Artificial Joint Center, Edogawa Hospital, Tokyo, JPN
| | - Ken Ishii
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JPN
- Keiyu Artificial Joint Center, Edogawa Hospital, Tokyo, JPN
- Spine Surgery, Society for Minimally Invasive Spinal Treatment (MIST), Tokyo, JPN
| | | | - Shojiro Katoh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Edogawa Hospital, Tokyo, JPN
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Gananandan K, Thomas V, Woo WL, Boddu R, Kumar R, Raja M, Balaji A, Kazankov K, Mookerjee RP. Fat mass: a novel digital biomarker for remote monitoring that may indicate risk for malnutrition and new complications in decompensated cirrhosis. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2023; 23:180. [PMID: 37705043 PMCID: PMC10498640 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-023-02288-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cirrhosis is associated with sarcopaenia and fat wasting, which drive decompensation and mortality. Currently, nutritional status, through body composition assessment, is not routinely monitored in outpatients. Given the deleterious outcomes associated with poor nutrition in decompensated cirrhosis, there is a need for remotely monitoring this to optimise community care. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients monitored remotely with digital sensors post hospital discharge, to assess outcomes and indicators of new cirrhosis complications. 15 patients had daily fat mass measurements as part of monitoring over a median 10 weeks, using a Withing's bioimpedance scale. The Clinical Frailty Score (CFS) was used to assess frailty and several liver disease severity scores were assessed. RESULTS 73.3% (11/15) patients were male with a median age of 63 (52-68). There was a trend towards more severe liver disease based on CLIF-Consortium Acute Decompensation (CLIF-C AD) scores in frail patients vs. those not frail (53 vs 46, p = 0.072). When the cohort was split into patients who gained fat mass over 8 weeks vs. those that lost fat mass, the baseline CLIF-C AD scores and WBC were significantly higher in those that lost fat (58 vs 48, p = 0.048 and 11.2 × 109 vs 4.7 × 109, p = 0.031). CONCLUSIONS This proof-of-principle study shows feasibility for remote monitoring of fat mass and nutritional reserve in decompensated cirrhosis. Our results suggest fat mass is associated with greater severity of acute decompensation and may serve as an indicator of systemic inflammatory response. Further prospective studies are required to validate this digital biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Gananandan
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London, UK.
| | - V Thomas
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - W L Woo
- Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - R Boddu
- CyberLiver Limited, London, UK
| | - R Kumar
- CyberLiver Limited, London, UK
| | - M Raja
- CyberLiver Limited, London, UK
| | | | - K Kazankov
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - R P Mookerjee
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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4
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Balaji A, Toga A, Sanghai A, Chishti H, Turner L, Katoh S. Combined Femoral Osteotomy and Contralateral Hip Arthroplasty to Correct Limb Alignment and Arthritis in a Scoliosis and Polio Patient: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e39010. [PMID: 37323332 PMCID: PMC10264140 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe the first case of a 62-year-old female symptomatic patient with multiple comorbidities presenting with coronal limb malalignment due to scoliosis and osteoarthritis who underwent a combined total hip arthroplasty and biplane opening wedge osteotomy of the distal femur in one procedure. It is essential to realize that in patients who present with multiple comorbidities, combining different established procedures should be considered as a therapeutic option. We detail the operative procedure, preoperative considerations, and postoperative rehabilitation. By reviewing the literature on operative techniques, we highlight how our findings can be applied to similar cases with multiple comorbidities. Our report underscores the importance of considering combined procedures as a viable therapeutic option for patients with complex medical histories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayush Balaji
- Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, GBR
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Edogawa Hospital, Tokyo, JPN
| | - Akira Toga
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Edogawa Hospital, Tokyo, JPN
| | - Aman Sanghai
- Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, GBR
| | | | - Luke Turner
- Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, GBR
| | - Shojiro Katoh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Edogawa Hospital, Tokyo, JPN
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Sood S, Sinha S, Balaji A, Mundhe SR, Mummudi N, Budrukkar A, Swain M, Prabash K, Noronha V, Joshi A, Patil V, Laskar SG. Non-surgical organ preservation in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers: an audit from the clinic. J Laryngol Otol 2023; 137:448-454. [PMID: 35678378 DOI: 10.1017/s002221512200113x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing concern regarding efficacy of organ preservation protocol in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers. METHOD This study retrospectively assessed disease-related and functional outcomes of 191 patients with non-metastatic laryngeal or hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma treated with curative intent (radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy). RESULTS Seventy-six patients (39.8 per cent) had a primary cancer in the larynx, and 115 patients (60.2 per cent) had a primary cancer in the hypopharynx. The median follow up was 39 months. The 3-year time to progression, overall survival, local control and laryngectomy free survival was 56.2 per cent, 76.3 per cent, 73.2 per cent and 67.2 per cent, respectively. At the time of analysis, 83 patients (43.5 per cent) were alive and disease free at their last follow up and did not require tube feeding or tracheostomy. The laryngo-oesophageal dysfunction-free survival was 61 per cent at 3 years. CONCLUSION Organ conservation protocols remain the standard of treatment in appropriately selected patients with laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sood
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - S Sinha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - A Balaji
- Department of Speech and Therapy, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - S R Mundhe
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Krupamayi Cancer Hospital, Aurangabad, India
| | - N Mummudi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - A Budrukkar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - M Swain
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - K Prabash
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - V Noronha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - A Joshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - V Patil
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - S G Laskar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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Toga A, Balaji A, Nagura S. Major Amputation Needed to Treat Purulent Tenosynovitis and Necrotizing Fasciitis in a Patient with a Human Bite and Severe COVID-19. Int Med Case Rep J 2022; 15:685-692. [DOI: 10.2147/imcrj.s385264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Cherny K, Balaji A, Mukherjee J, Goo Y, Hauser A, Ozer E, Satchell K, Bachta K, Kochan T, Mitra S, Kociolek L. Identification of Clostridium innocuum hypothetical protein that is cross-reactive with C. difficile anti-toxin antibodies. Anaerobe 2022; 75:102555. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2022.102555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Balaji A, Toga A, Kano J, Fujimaru A, Matsumoto T, Katoh S. Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty for Severe Osteoarthritis and Pseudarthrosis in a Patient with Neurofibromatosis. Orthop Res Rev 2021; 13:63-71. [PMID: 34017204 PMCID: PMC8131347 DOI: 10.2147/orr.s304651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the case of a 76-year-old Asian female patient who presented with severe pain and a valgus deformity of the right knee. Her past medical history included neurofibromatosis, which resulted in a severe anterior slope of the right knee, limb shortening, and congenital pseudarthrosis. She was diagnosed with severe anterolateral osteoarthritis and eburnation of the right knee that was treated surgically with a lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). Bone and cartilage fragments were removed from the joint space and a UKA implant (Zimmer®) with dimensions of 29 mm × 50 mm was inserted. Perioperative imaging revealed that the procedure resulted in the correction of the valgus deformity. Pain was reduced and the patient was able to walk for 10 meters with support during the immediate postoperative period. One week post-surgery, the patient sustained an oblique tibial fracture that extended from the medial edge of the implant to the medial slope of the proximal tibia. This complication may have been attributed to large implant size or sagittal overcutting. The fracture was treated surgically with a rotated anterolateral locking plate (A.L.P.S®) inserted into the distal tibia. The patient was capable of ambulation at full weight load at two months after the second procedure. It is critical to recognize that there are no standard protocols that can be used to guide the treatment of neurofibromatosis-induced osteoarthritis. The specific preoperative condition of the individual patient plays a large role in determining the appropriate treatment option. In this case, the availability of custom-fitted UKA implants might have improved outlook, we understand that these devices are costly and may not be available at all hospitals. However, we strongly believe that the "gold standard" in these cases is patient-specific treatment that addresses the issues of the highest concern using the resources that are available at that time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayush Balaji
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Edogawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Toga
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Edogawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Kano
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Edogawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuki Fujimaru
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Edogawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Shojiro Katoh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Edogawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Toga A, Balaji A, Matsumoto T, Fujimaru A, Murakami H, Katoh S. Flexor Tendon Entrapment of the Index Finger After Monteggia Fracture in a Pediatric Patient. Orthop Res Rev 2020; 12:189-193. [PMID: 33364860 PMCID: PMC7751315 DOI: 10.2147/orr.s284278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present case report describes a pediatric patient who presented with flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) entrapment after a forearm fracture. The patient was diagnosed with a Bado type I Monteggia fracture. The fracture was reduced using closed reduction under fluoroscopy followed by Kirschner’s wire fixation. This case is unique because the FDP was found entrapped in the fracture site 2 weeks post-operation and was managed using conservative therapy. FDP entrapment is typically managed by surgical intervention, and there have been no previous reports of conservative management. The FDP was released using passive extension of the index finger under general anesthesia, and no irreversible damage to the tendon or muscle was found. This case report demonstrates the potential for conservative therapy in the management of FDP entrapment after forearm fractures. ![]()
Point your SmartPhone at the code above. If you have a QR code reader the video abstract will appear. Or use: https://youtu.be/NfvdI7qaZgE
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Toga
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Edogawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Atsuki Fujimaru
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Edogawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Murakami
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Edogawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shojiro Katoh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Edogawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Gulati S, Balaji A, Agarwal P. 7.10-P12Awareness and knowledge of Glaucoma in ethnic minority groups in Scotland. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky048.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Gulati
- University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - A Balaji
- University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - P Agarwal
- Princess Alexandra Eye Pavilion, United Kingdom
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Udhayasankar R, Karthikeyan B, Balaji A. Coconut shell particles reinforced cardanol–formaldehyde resole resin biocomposites: Effect of treatment on thermal properties. International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/1023666x.2018.1427187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Udhayasankar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B. Karthikeyan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A. Balaji
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, A.V.C. College of Engineering, Mayiladuthurai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Balaji A, Karthikeyan B, Swaminathan J, Sundar Raj C. Thermal behavior of cardanol resin reinforced 20 mm long untreated bagasse fiber composites. International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/1023666x.2017.1387448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Balaji
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, A.V.C. College of Engineering, Mayiladuthurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B. Karthikeyan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J. Swaminathan
- Department of Chemistry, A.V.C. College of Engineering, Mayiladuthurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C. Sundar Raj
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, A.V.C. College of Engineering, Mayiladuthurai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Shankar S, Balaji A, Kawin N. Investigations on mechanical and tribological properties of Al-Si10-Mg alloy/sugarcane bagasse ash particulate composites. Particulate Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2017.1301609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Shankar
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Kongu Engineering College, Erode, Tamilnadu, India
| | - A. Balaji
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Kongu Engineering College, Erode, Tamilnadu, India
| | - N. Kawin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kongu Engineering College, Erode, Tamilnadu, India
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15
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Viruthagiri G, Sathiya priya S, Shanmugam N, Balaji A, Balamurugan K, Gopinathan E. Spectroscopic investigation on the production of clay bricks with SCBA waste. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2015; 149:468-475. [PMID: 25978014 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the effect of sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) addition to the brick making clay has been analyzed using spectroscopic techniques. For that, mixtures of brick making clay (BMC) with sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) in proportions of 0-20 wt.% were hydraulic uniaxially pressed and sintered at temperatures of 800-1100 °C. The partial replacement of the brick making clay with SCBA was studied with chemical and mineralogical analyzes (XRF and X-ray diffraction). The quantitative estimation of minerals was made by FTIR analysis. The results of FT-IR reveal that kaolinite, quartz, and lignin are predominant, whereas, cellulose and calcite are in moderate levels. In addition, magnetite and hematite are found in trace level. The overall results reveal that the brick making clay substituted with 15 wt.% of SCBA can open up a new path for the fabrication of quality bricks at low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Viruthagiri
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608002, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - S Sathiya priya
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608002, Tamilnadu, India
| | - N Shanmugam
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608002, Tamilnadu, India
| | - A Balaji
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, A.V.C. College of Engineering, Mayiladuthurai, Mannampandal, Tamilnadu, India
| | - K Balamurugan
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608002, Tamilnadu, India
| | - E Gopinathan
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608002, Tamilnadu, India
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16
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Balaji A, Vellayappan MV, John AA, Subramanian AP, Jaganathan SK, Supriyanto E, Razak SIA. An insight on electrospun-nanofibers-inspired modern drug delivery system in the treatment of deadly cancers. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra07595e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This review gives an insight into the process of electrospinning, its essential parameters, the types of drug incorporation and the works reported on common dreadful cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Balaji
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - M. V. Vellayappan
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - A. A. John
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - A. P. Subramanian
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - S. K. Jaganathan
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - Eko Supriyanto
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - S. I. A. Razak
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
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John AA, Subramanian AP, Vellayappan MV, Balaji A, Jaganathan SK, Mohandas H, Paramalinggam T, Supriyanto E, Yusof M. Review: physico-chemical modification as a versatile strategy for the biocompatibility enhancement of biomaterials. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra03018h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Physico-chemical modification induced improvement in biocompatibility of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. A. John
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - A. P. Subramanian
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - M. V. Vellayappan
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - A. Balaji
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - S. K. Jaganathan
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - H. Mohandas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- University of Texas Arlington
- Texas
- USA
| | - T. Paramalinggam
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - E. Supriyanto
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - M. Yusof
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
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18
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Subramanian AP, John AA, Vellayappan MV, Balaji A, Jaganathan SK, Supriyanto E, Yusof M. Gallic acid: prospects and molecular mechanisms of its anticancer activity. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra02727f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallic acid (GA) is a phenolic acid found in many dietary substances. It is a natural compound found in gallnuts, sumac, witch-hazel, clove, tealeaves, oak bark, sundew and other plants. Edibles like blackberry, hot chocolate, common walnut and Indian gooseberry contain GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. P. Subramanian
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Bioscience and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - A. A. John
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Bioscience and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - M. V. Vellayappan
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Bioscience and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - A. Balaji
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Bioscience and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - S. K. Jaganathan
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Bioscience and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - Eko Supriyanto
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Bioscience and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - Mustafa Yusof
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Bioscience and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
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19
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Balaji A, Jaganathan SK, Vellayappan MV, John AA, Subramanian AP, SelvaKumar M, Mohandas H, M SR, Supriyanto E. Prospects of common biomolecules as coating substances for polymeric biomaterials. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra12693b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of using common biomolecules like proteins, carbohydrates,etc., for improving the biocompatibility seems rational and effective because of the bio-friendly surface that they present, remains closer in mimicking the innate environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Balaji
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - S. K. Jaganathan
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - M. V. Vellayappan
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - A. A. John
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - A. P. Subramanian
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - M. SelvaKumar
- Rubber Technology Centre
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Kharagpur-721302
- India
| | - H. Mohandas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- University of Texas Arlington
- USA-TX 76019
| | - Sundar Raj M
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Bharath University
- Chennai-600073
- India
| | - Eko Supriyanto
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
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20
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Mondal P, Jana S, Balaji A, Ramakrishna R, Kanthal L. Synthesis of Some New Isoxazoline Derivatives of Chalconised Indoline 2-one as a Potential Analgesic, Antibacterial and Anthelmimtic Agents. J Young Pharm 2012; 4:38-41. [PMID: 22523459 PMCID: PMC3326781 DOI: 10.4103/0975-1483.93574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel 1[5”-(2”’-substituted phenyl)-4”,5”’-dihydro isoxazole-3”-yl]-3-[(4 substituted phenyl)imino]1-3-dihydro-2H-indole-2-one were synthesized from different substituted chalconised indole-2,3-dione was prepared from the different chalconised Isatin. The structures of the compounds were elucidated by elemental and spectral (IR, 1H NMR, and MS) analysis. The synthesized compounds were screened for their analgesic activity by the acetic acid induced Writhing method and in vitro antimicrobial activity against the Gram-positive bacteria—Staphylococcus aureus and the Gram-negative bacteria—Pseudomonas auroginosa, Pseudomonas mirabilis, and E. coli by the cup plate agar diffusion method. Compounds 6a1, 6a3, 6b3, and 6b2 were found to be active against bacteria. The compounds 6a1, 6b3, and 6a3 show a significant analgesic activity. Synthesized compounds also screened for anthelmintic activity against Pheretima posthuma. Compounds 6a1, 6b1, and 6b3 show significant anthelmintic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mondal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaageswari College of Pharmacy, Karimnagar, India
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21
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Balaji A. Quality of care among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients residing in an urban slum of Chennai Corporation -- a community-based cross-sectional study. J Indian Med Assoc 2011; 109:462-464. [PMID: 22315835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Despite the high prevalence, serious long term complications and established evidence based guidelines for management of diabetes mellitus the quality of care is still deficient in developed and developing countries. So a study of these factors and their influence on the quality of care is necessary to tackle diabetes in the community. The objectives of the study were to assess the quality of care in type 2 diabetes patients of 35 years and above age group and to identify the factors associated with it. It is a community-based cross-sectional study done among urban slum people of Chennai, in which 323 adults with type 2 diabetes were interviewed in the above said age group. Variables like age, sex, income, duration of diabetes, healthcare delivery of choice, treatment prescribed, compliance to treatment, family history of diabetes, presence of comorbid illnesses and quality of care indicators were studied and appropriate statistical analysis was carried out. Only 26 adults (8%) received good quality of care in this study. The adults who received good quality of care were among male sex (p < 0.005), high income group (p < 0.001), patients with good compliance to treatment (p < 0.001) and those who preferred private health facility for treatment (p < 0.001). The present current study indicates very low quality of care among this community. The management of diabetes in our setting was suboptimal and even the minimum achievable goals were not reached.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Balaji
- Department of Community Medicine, ACS Medical College, Chennai 600077
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22
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Murthy SN, Waddell DC, Shivakumar HN, Balaji A, Bowers CP. Iontophoretic permselective property of human nail. J Dermatol Sci 2007; 46:150-2. [PMID: 17289349 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2006.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2006] [Revised: 12/19/2006] [Accepted: 12/25/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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