1
|
Beltrán FR, Gaspar G, Dadras Chomachayi M, Jalali-Arani A, Lozano-Pérez AA, Cenis JL, de la Orden MU, Pérez E, Martínez Urreaga JM. Influence of addition of organic fillers on the properties of mechanically recycled PLA. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:24291-24304. [PMID: 32043250 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08025-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is one of the most used biobased and biodegradable polymers. Due to their high stability, some of the newest grades of PLA are only degradable under severe industrial conditions. For these grades, mechanical recycling is a viable end-of-life option, with great environmental advantages. However, the polymer undergoes degradation during its service life and in the melt reprocessing, which leads to a decrease in properties that can compromise the recyclability of PLA. The goal of this work was to evaluate the usefulness of adding small amounts of two organic fillers, chitosan, and silk fibroin nanoparticles, during the recycling process for improving the properties of the recycled plastic. The degradation level of the aged polymer and the nature and amount of filler affect the performance of the recycled plastics. The fillers reduce the degradation during the melt reprocessing of PLA previously subjected to severe hydrolysis, thus increasing the intrinsic viscosity of the recycled plastic. A careful selection of the added organic filler lead to recycled plastics with improvements in some key mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties. Thus, the use of organic fillers represents a cost-effective and environmentally sound way for improving the mechanical recycling of bioplastics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Freddys R Beltrán
- Dpto. Ingeniería Química Industrial y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, E.T.S.I. Industriales, 28006, Madrid, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación: Polímeros, Caracterización y Aplicaciones (POLCA, Associated Unit to CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gerald Gaspar
- Dpto. Ingeniería Química Industrial y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, E.T.S.I. Industriales, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Azam Jalali-Arani
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875-4413, Tehran, Iran
| | - Antonio A Lozano-Pérez
- Dpto. Biotecnología, Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDA), 30150, Murcia, Spain
| | - José L Cenis
- Dpto. Biotecnología, Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDA), 30150, Murcia, Spain
| | - María U de la Orden
- Grupo de Investigación: Polímeros, Caracterización y Aplicaciones (POLCA, Associated Unit to CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Dpto. de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Óptica y Optometría, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28037, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ernesto Pérez
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, ICTP-CSIC, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquín M Martínez Urreaga
- Dpto. Ingeniería Química Industrial y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, E.T.S.I. Industriales, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
- Grupo de Investigación: Polímeros, Caracterización y Aplicaciones (POLCA, Associated Unit to CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nematollahi M, Jalali-Arani A, Golzar K, Modarress H. Investigation of nanoparticle-polymer interaction in bio-based nanosilica-filled PLA/NR nanocomposites: molecular dynamics simulation. J Mol Model 2020; 26:230. [PMID: 32785857 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-020-04431-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, by employing the COMPASS force field, was utilized to investigate structural and thermal characteristics as well as interfacial interactions between components of nanocomposite consisting of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/natural rubber (NR)/nanosilica, abbreviated as PSxN, where 1 ≤ x ≤ 7 and it represents the parts of SiO2 nanoparticles added to the PLA/NR (PN) blend. Analysis of the obtained results including density (ρ), fractional free volume (FFV), glass transition temperature (Tg), interaction energy (Einteraction), and radial distribution function (RDF) of these nanocomposites was performed. Comparing Einteraction of nanocomposites with that of the PN blend showed that the interactions between the chains of the two polymers are highly dependent on the added amounts of silica nanoparticles, so that by adding silica to the PN blend to obtain PS1N and PS3N nanocomposites, the amount of Einteraction was reduced to a smaller positive value, which indicates the tendency of the nanocomposite's components to interact with each other. By further addition of silica nanoparticles to have PS5N and PS7N nanocomposites and then by analysis of the RDF results, it was found that the nanoparticles were not well dispersed in these two nanocomposites and they were accumulated in the NR rubbery phase. Therefore, the percolation threshold for silica loading on the PN blend is at most 3 parts (x = 3). These results as well as the other obtained simulation results were compared with the available experimental data, and the agreement observed between them approved the simulation procedure and validated the obtained results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Nematollahi
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, No. 424, Hafez St., Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Jalali-Arani
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, No. 424, Hafez St., Tehran, Iran
| | - Karim Golzar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, No. 424, Hafez St., Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Modarress
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, No. 424, Hafez St., Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mehrabi-Kooshki M, Jalali-Arani A. Preparation of binary and hybrid epoxy nanocomposites containing graphene oxide and rubber nanoparticles: Fracture toughness and mechanical properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Mehrabi-Kooshki
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology; Amirkabir University of Technology; 424 Hafez Avenue, P.O. Box 15875-4413, Tehran Iran
| | - Azam Jalali-Arani
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology; Amirkabir University of Technology; 424 Hafez Avenue, P.O. Box 15875-4413, Tehran Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nematollahi M, Jalali-Arani A, Modarress H. High-performance bio-based poly(lactic acid)/natural rubber/epoxidized natural rubber blends: effect of epoxidized natural rubber on microstructure, toughness and static and dynamic mechanical properties. POLYM INT 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Nematollahi
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology; Amirkabir University of Technology; Tehran Iran
| | - Azam Jalali-Arani
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology; Amirkabir University of Technology; Tehran Iran
| | - Hamid Modarress
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Amirkabir University of Technology; Tehran Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zarei A, Jalali-Arani A. The relationship of vulcanization and structural characteristics-dispersion of organoclay-mechanical properties in (butadiene rubber/natural rubber) based nanocomposite. Adv Polym Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.21805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Zarei
- Mahshahr Campus; Amirkabir University of Technology; Mahshahr Iran
| | - Azam Jalali-Arani
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Color Technology; Amirkabir University of Technology; Tehran Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bizhani H, Nayyeri V, Katbab A, Jalali-Arani A, Nazockdast H. Double percolated MWCNTs loaded PC/SAN nanocomposites as an absorbing electromagnetic shield. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
7
|
Kharazi AP, Jalali-Arani A. Preparation of Silicon Carbide Nanoparticle/Butadiene Rubber/Silane Nanocomposites; Structural, Mechanical, Tribological and Thermal Properties. J MACROMOL SCI B 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2017.1382266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Pasha Kharazi
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amikabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Jalali-Arani
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amikabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hesami M, Jalali-Arani A. Cold crystallization behavior of poly(lactic acid) in its blend with acrylic rubber; the effect of acrylic rubber content. POLYM INT 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdis Hesami
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology; Amirkabir University of Technology; Tehran Iran
| | - Azam Jalali-Arani
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology; Amirkabir University of Technology; Tehran Iran
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hesami M, Jalali-Arani A. Investigation of miscibility and phase structure of a novel blend of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/acrylic rubber (ACM) and its nanocomposite with nanosilica. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdis Hesami
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Color Technology; Amirkabir University of Technology; P.O. Box 15875-4413 Tehran Iran
| | - Azam Jalali-Arani
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Color Technology; Amirkabir University of Technology; P.O. Box 15875-4413 Tehran Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Shoushtari Zadeh Naseri A, Jalali-Arani A. Study on the morphology, static and dynamic mechanical properties of (styrene butadiene rubber/ethylene propylene diene monomer/organoclay) nanocomposites vulcanized by the gamma radiation. J Appl Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/app.43581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Azam Jalali-Arani
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Color Technology; Amirkabir University of Technology; Tehran Iran
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shoushtari Zadeh Naseri A, Jalali-Arani A. A comparison between the effects of gamma radiation and sulfur cure system on the microstructure and crosslink network of (styrene butadiene rubber/ethylene propylene diene monomer) blends in presence of nanoclay. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2015.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
12
|
Rezaei Abadchi M, Jalali-Arani A. Synergistic effects of nano-scale polybutadiene rubber powder (PBRP) and nanoclay on the structure, dynamic mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene (PP). Iran Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-015-0372-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
13
|
Monfared A, Jalali-Arani A, Mohammadi N. The Effect of Epoxidized Natural Rubber and Two Kinds of Organoclay upon Molecular Interaction, Structure and Mechanical Properties of (Styrene-Butadiene Rubber/Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Rubber/Organoclay) Nanocomposites. J MACROMOL SCI B 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2013.863138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
14
|
Abolhasani MM, Naebe M, Jalali-Arani A, Guo Q. Influence of miscibility phenomenon on crystalline polymorph transition in poly(vinylidene fluoride)/acrylic rubber/clay nanocomposite hybrid. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88715. [PMID: 24551141 PMCID: PMC3925160 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, intercalation of nanoclay in the miscible polymer blend of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and acrylic rubber(ACM) was studied. X-ray diffraction was used to investigate the formation of nanoscale polymer blend/clay hybrid. Infrared spectroscopy and X-ray analysis revealed the coexistence of β and γ crystalline forms in PVDF/Clay nanocomposite while α crystalline form was found to be dominant in PVDF/ACM/Clay miscible hybrids. Flory-Huggins interaction parameter (B) was used to further explain the miscibility phenomenon observed. The B parameter was determined by combining the melting point depression and the binary interaction model. The estimated B values for the ternary PVDF/ACM/Clay and PVDF/ACM pairs were all negative, showing both proper intercalation of the polymer melt into the nanoclay galleries and the good miscibility of PVDF and ACM blend. The B value for the PVDF/ACM blend was almost the same as that measured for the PVDF/ACM/Clay hybrid, suggesting that PVDF chains in nanocomposite hybrids interact with ACM chains and that nanoclay in hybrid systems is wrapped by ACM molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Minoo Naebe
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Azam Jalali-Arani
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Qipeng Guo
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abolhasani MM, Guo Q, Jalali-Arani A, Nazockdast H. Poly(vinylidene fluoride)-acrylic rubber partially miscible blends: Phase behavior and its effects on the mechanical properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.39213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Abolhasani
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology; Amirkabir University of Technology; Tehran Iran
| | - Qipeng Guo
- Polymers Research Group; Institute for Frontier Materials; Deakin University; Locked Bag 2000, Geelong Victoria 3220 Australia
| | - Azam Jalali-Arani
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology; Amirkabir University of Technology; Tehran Iran
| | - Hossein Nazockdast
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology; Amirkabir University of Technology; Tehran Iran
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jalali-Arani A, Katbab AA, Nazockdast H. Thermomechanical reactive blending of silicone rubber and LLDPE: Effects of processing parameters. J Appl Polym Sci 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/app.21138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
17
|
Jalali-Arani A, Katbab AA, Nazockdast H. Preparation of thermoplastic elastomers based on silicone rubber and polyethylene by thermomechanical reactive blending: Effects of polyethylene structural parameters. J Appl Polym Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/app.13064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|