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Bouisset P, Nohl M, Cossonnet C, Boulet B, Thomas S, Cariou N, Salaun G. Contribution of close-in fallout from the French atmospheric tests in inventories of 137Cs, 241Am and plutonium (238, 239, 240) in Gambier Islands (French Polynesia) - Signatures of stratospheric fallout in the Southern Hemisphere. J Environ Radioact 2021; 235-236:106624. [PMID: 34059369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2021.106624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The inventories of 137Cs (503 ± 34 Bq.m-2), 241Am (11.3 ± 1.2 Bq.m-2), 241Pu (33.7 ± 3.4 Bq.m-2), 238Pu (6.82 ± 0.87 Bq.m-2) and 239+240Pu (113.0 ± 5.9 Bq.m-2), sum of 239Pu (100 ± 11 Bq.m-2) and 240Pu (14.5 ± 1.7 Bq.m-2), in the Gambier archipelago (23°S) of the French Polynesia, are well higher the global fallout at this latitude, in unequal proportions for the different radionuclides. (240Pu/239Pu)AR (AR: atomic ratio) of 0.0394 ± 0.0062, and (241Pu/239Pu)AR of (2.03 ± 0.39)10-4, confirm that the overwhelmingly dominant source of these radionuclides comes from local fallout during the 1970s of the French atmospheric tests of Moruroa and Fangataufa located nearly 400 km from Gambier. The signatures of the local fallout were deduced from the excess of its inventory in 137Cs and from the mixing lines established from the signatures of the global fallout, some of the test sites and the isotopic ratios measured in Gambier. Signatures obtained are 2.0 ± 0.4 for 137Cs/239+240Pu, 0.045 ± 0.008 for 238Pu/239+240Pu, 0.031 ± 0.009 for 241Am/239+240Pu, 0.092 ± 0.027 for 241Pu/239+240Pu, 0.0163 ± 0.0049 for (240Pu/239Pu)AR, (0.78 ± 0.23)10-4 for (241Pu/239Pu)AR. The concordance of the mixing lines of the [(240Pu/239Pu)AR, (241Pu/239Pu)AR] and the linear regression of these ratios measured in the stratosphere (40°S) during the 1970s, indicates that the signatures of the close-in deposition are also those of the stratospheric injections of the French tests. The signatures of stratospheric fallout in the Southern Hemisphere were evaluated by considering that the fission energy of these injections represents 11% and that of the Northern Hemisphere represents 89% and that the isotopic ratios of stratospheric injections remained the same over the period 1970-1974. The activity ratios deducted are 21.9 ± 0.1 in 137Cs/239+240Pu, 0.11 ± 0.05 in 238Pu/239+240Pu, 1.03 ± 0.12 in 241Pu/239+240Pu and 0.35 ± 0.04 in 241Am/239+240Pu. The associated atom ratios are 0.157 ± 0.011 for (240Pu/239Pu)AR and (8.33 ± 0.48)10-4 for (241Pu/239Pu)AR. These signatures appear to be consistent with the results of the inventories at Hiva Oa, located more than 1,000 km north of both French test sites, and with those found in the Australian continent, in regions not impacted by UK-test debris. The proportions of close-in tropospheric fallout from the French tests are about 90% in Gambier. They represent a proportion in the inventories of 40% for the 137Cs, 60% for 241Am and in the range between 80 and 90% for Pu isotopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bouisset
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté nucléaire, BP 182, 98725, Vairao, Tahiti, French Polynesia.
| | - M Nohl
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté nucléaire, BP 182, 98725, Vairao, Tahiti, French Polynesia
| | - C Cossonnet
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté nucléaire, Bât 501, bois des Rames, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - B Boulet
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté nucléaire, Bât 501, bois des Rames, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - S Thomas
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté nucléaire, Bât 501, bois des Rames, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - N Cariou
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté nucléaire, Bât 501, bois des Rames, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - G Salaun
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté nucléaire, Cadarache Bât 153, 13108, St Paul-lès-Durance, France
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Verlinde M, Gorny J, Montavon G, Khalfallah S, Boulet B, Augeray C, Larivière D, Dalencourt C, Gourgiotis A. A new rapid protocol for 226Ra separation and preconcentration in natural water samples using molecular recognition technology for ICP-MS analysis. J Environ Radioact 2019; 202:1-7. [PMID: 30771696 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A new rapid protocol for 226Ra separation and preconcentration in natural water samples was developed before its determination by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). For this purpose, the commercially available Ra specific resin AnaLig® Ra-01 was used. This resin shows a high selectivity for radium in a large range of acid concentrations and no affinity or possible elution of 226Ra interfering elements. The distribution coefficients of Ra and other elements over a wide range of acid (HCl and HNO3) concentrations were obtained. Due to the high radium selectivity, the new developed protocol uses only 50 mg of dry resin and its performance was evaluated using 100 mL of three natural waters with different ionic strengths, spiked with a known quantity of 226Ra. Radium was successfully separated and preconcentrated yielding recoveries ranging between 72% and 86%. In parallel with the characterisation of the resin sorption properties, a detailed study of polyatomic interferences was performed on our ICP-MS allowing to identify the prominent elements favouring interferences at m/z = 226. Furthermore, a 226Ra sensitivity comparison between different ICP-MS instruments and configurations was done in order to determine high sensitivity conditions for radium analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Verlinde
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SEDRE/LELI, 31 Avenue de la Division Leclerc, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - J Gorny
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SEDRE/LELI, 31 Avenue de la Division Leclerc, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - G Montavon
- SUBATECH, UMR CNRS, 6457 IMT Atlantique/IN2P3/Université de Nantes, 4 rue Alfred Kastler, BP 20722, 44307, Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - S Khalfallah
- SUBATECH, UMR CNRS, 6457 IMT Atlantique/IN2P3/Université de Nantes, 4 rue Alfred Kastler, BP 20722, 44307, Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - B Boulet
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SAME/LMRE, Bat 501 Bois des Rames, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - C Augeray
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SAME/LERCA, 31 rue de l'Ecluse, 78110, Le Vésinet, France
| | - D Larivière
- Laboratoire de radioécologie, Département de chimie, Université de Laval, 1045 Avenue de la médecine, G1V 0A6, Québec, Canada
| | - C Dalencourt
- Laboratoire de radioécologie, Département de chimie, Université de Laval, 1045 Avenue de la médecine, G1V 0A6, Québec, Canada
| | - A Gourgiotis
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SEDRE/LELI, 31 Avenue de la Division Leclerc, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
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Fouque O, Kind M, Boulet B, Brisse H, Kemel S, Genah I, Taieb S, Stoeckle E, Meeus P, Lae M, Ranchère-Vince D, Blay JY, Coindre JM, Laredo JD, Bonvalot S. Stratégie diagnostique devant une tumeur graisseuse des tissus mous de l’adulte. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jidi.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Habibi A, Cariou N, Boulet B, Cossonnet C, Gurriaran R, Gleizes M, Cote G, Larivière D. Automated chromatographic separation coupled on-line to ICP-MS measurements for the quantification of actinides and radiostrontium in soil samples. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-017-5360-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ducassou A, Valentin T, Filleron T, Delannes M, Ferron G, Le Guellec S, Rochaix P, Boulet B, Chevreau C. EP-1408: Adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy in soft tissue sarcomas of the limbs: an effective strategy. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)32658-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Habibi A, Boulet B, Gleizes M, Larivière D, Cote G. Rapid determination of actinides and 90Sr in river water. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 883:109-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Pourcelot L, Masson O, Renaud P, Cagnat X, Boulet B, Cariou N, De Vismes-Ott A. Environmental consequences of uranium atmospheric releases from fuel cycle facility: II. The atmospheric deposition of uranium and thorium on plants. J Environ Radioact 2015; 141:1-7. [PMID: 25500060 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Uranium and thorium isotopes were measured in cypress leaves, wheat grains and lettuce taken in the surroundings of the uranium conversion facility of Malvési (South of France). The comparison of activity levels and activity ratios (namely (238)U/(232)Th and (230)Th/(232)Th) in plants with those in aerosols taken at this site and plants taken far from it shows that aerosols emitted by the nuclear site (uranium releases in the atmosphere by stacks and (230)Th-rich particles emitted from artificial ponds collecting radioactive waste mud) accounts for the high activities recorded in the plant samples close to the site. The atmospheric deposition process onto the plants appears to be the dominant process in plant contamination. Dry deposition velocities of airborne uranium and thorium were measured as 4.6 × 10(-3) and 5.0 × 10(-3) m s(-1), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pourcelot
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire IRSN/PRP-ENV, CEN Cadarache BP3, 13115 St-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France.
| | - O Masson
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire IRSN/PRP-ENV, CEN Cadarache BP3, 13115 St-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - P Renaud
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire IRSN/PRP-ENV, CEN Cadarache BP3, 13115 St-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - X Cagnat
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire IRSN/PRP-ENV, CEN Cadarache BP3, 13115 St-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - B Boulet
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire IRSN/PRP-ENV, CEN Cadarache BP3, 13115 St-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - N Cariou
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire IRSN/PRP-ENV, CEN Cadarache BP3, 13115 St-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - A De Vismes-Ott
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire IRSN/PRP-ENV, CEN Cadarache BP3, 13115 St-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
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Jeambrun M, Pourcelot L, Mercat C, Boulet B, Pelt E, Chabaux F, Cagnat X, Gauthier-Lafaye F. Potential sources affecting the activity concentrations of 238U, 235U, 232Th and some decay products in lettuce and wheat samples. J Environ Monit 2012; 14:2902-12. [PMID: 23001397 DOI: 10.1039/c2em30434a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
The activity concentrations of radionuclides within the uranium and thorium series were determined in wheat and lettuce at five sites in France, and in their respective potential sources: crop soils of wheat and crop soils and irrigation waters of lettuce. These data were used to calculate concentration ratios and to enrich the database supported by the technical report series N°472 of the IAEA (2010). For wheat and lettuce, the activity concentrations were in the same range for all radionuclides studied, except for (210)Pb, which had higher activity concentrations in wheat, ranging between 1.3 and 11 Bq kg(−1) (fresh weight) as compared to 0.4 and 0.7 Bq kg(−1) (fresh weight) for lettuce. For wheat, the range of activity concentrations (mBq kg(−1); fresh weight) decreased as (210)Pb > (226)Ra (56–1511) ≈ (228)Ra (86–769) > (228)Th (19–176) ≈ (238)U (11–169) ≈ (234)U (12–150) ≈ (230)Th (9.08–197.18) ≈ (232)Th (8.61–121.45) > (235)U (0.53–7.9). For lettuce, it decreased as (228)Ra (<320–1221) > (210)Pb (409–746) > (226)Ra (30–599) ≈ (228)Th (<29–347) > (238)U (8–120) ≈ (234)U (8–121) ≈ (230)Th (5.21–134.63) ≈ (232)Th (5.25–156.99) > (235)U (0.35–5.63). The species differences may reflect different plant physiologies. Through the study of activity ratios of wheat and lettuce in relation with those of the various radionuclide sources it has been possible to highlight the contribution of the main sources of natural radionuclides. Indeed, irrigation water when the uranium concentration is enhanced (>30 mBq L(−1)) contributed significantly to the activity concentration of uranium in lettuces. Concerning the high activity concentrations of (210)Pb, it could be explained by atmospheric particle deposition. The effect of soil particles resuspension and their adhesion to the plant surface seemed to be important in some cases. The soil-to-plant transfer factors were calculated for lettuce and wheat. The values were lower in wheat than in lettuce except for (210)Pb which had similar values in the two species (0.11–0.13 respectively). For both species, (210)Pb followed by (228)Ra (0.015–0.10) and (226)Ra (0.010–0.051) displayed the highest transfer factor, whereas (238)U had intermediate values (0.0015–0.030) and (232)Th exhibited the lowest (0.0014–0.013).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jeambrun
- Institut de Radioprotection et de SûC Nucléaire, Bat 153 BP3, 13115 St Paul lez Durance cedex, France.
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Jeambrun M, Pourcelot L, Mercat C, Boulet B, Loyen J, Cagnat X, Gauthier-Lafaye F. Study on transfers of uranium, thorium and decay products from grain, water and soil to chicken meat and egg contents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 14:2170-80. [DOI: 10.1039/c2em10994h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Bidault F, Sahnoun M, de La Motte Rouge T, Rousseau V, Domont J, Massard C, Dhermain F, Ducreux D, Laplanche A, Caramella C, Canale S, Balleyguier C, Boulet B, Dromain C. High-grade gliomas treated with bevacizumab: Assessment of tumor response with functional MR. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e12505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Souadka A, Le Pechoux C, Rimareix F, Boulet B, Terrier P, Domont J, Cioffi A, Blesius A, Le Cesne A, Bonvalot S. Use of extent surgery via intraperitoneal route to improve iliopsoas sarcoma local control. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e20508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Pourcelot L, Boulet B, Le Corre C, de Vismes Ott A, Cagnat X, Loyen J, Fayolle C, Van Hecke W, Martinez B, Petit J, Kaltenmeier R, Gieré R. Actinides and decay products in selected produce and bioindicators in the vicinity of a uranium plant. J Environ Monit 2011; 13:1327-36. [PMID: 21487575 DOI: 10.1039/c1em10041f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cypress needles collected at the edge of the Malvési uranium facility (SW France) exhibit enhanced activities of actinides and some decay products (uranium, americium, plutonium, (230)Th, (226)Ra) compared to a remote site. These enhanced activities resulted from the release of U via smokestacks and passive release from former artificial ponds located inside the nuclear site. Enhanced activities are also observed in selected produce (wheat, lettuce, fruits) sampled from the edge of the site. However, excess actinides measured in wheat grains in 2007 are inconsistent with the activities and the uranium ratio measured in the soils. This result suggests that the studied annual crops were contaminated mainly through the short-term release of airborne actinides, and that other transfer pathways, such as, uptake through the roots or adhesion of soil particles, were negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pourcelot
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire/Direction de l'Environnement et de l'Intervention, 31 rue de l'Ecluse, 78116 Le Vésinet, France.
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Pourcelot L, Boulet B, Le Corre C, Loyen J, Fayolle C, Tournieux D, Van Hecke W, Martinez B, Petit J. Isotopic evidence of natural uranium and spent fuel uranium releases into the environment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 13:355-61. [PMID: 21132170 DOI: 10.1039/c0em00407c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Uranium and plutonium isotopes were measured in soils, sediments and waters in an area subject to the past and present discharges from the uranium conversion plant of Malvési (France). The isotopes (236)U and (239)Pu are well known activation products of uranium and they prove to be powerful tracers of spent fuel releases in soils and sediments. On the other hand (234)U and (238)U activities measured in waters can be used to distinguish between releases and background uranium sources. Such findings contribute to improve the monitoring of the actinides releases by nuclear fuel facilities (mining sites, conversion, enrichment and fuel plants, reprocessing plants).
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pourcelot
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire/Direction de l'Environnement et de l'Intervention, 31 rue de l'Ecluse, 78 1116 Le Vésinet, France.
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Abstract
The marrow contains a variable amount of yellow or fatty marrow and red or cellular marrow creating the signal intensity observed on MRI. Marrow replacement (by cells not normally present in bone marrow) typically is T1W hypointense. Marrow proliferation (by cells normally present in bone marrow) may be T1W hypointense (pseudo marrow replacement) or show intermediate T1W signal intensity due to red marrow redistribution. Marrow edema (reaction to an external process) show intermediate T1W hypointensity (mixture of water and marrow). Location will allow correct diagnosis. Bone marrow ischemia usually results in a necrotic fragment surrounded by a thin T1W hypointense rim.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Boulet
- Service de Radiodiagnostic, Institut Gustave-Roussy, 39 rue Camille Desmoulins, 94805 Villejuif, France.
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Bonvalot S, Dunant A, le Pechoux C, Terrier P, Rimareix F, Boulet B, Medjoub L, Cioffi A, Domont J, Le Cesne A. Quality of surgical margins and local recurrence in primary extremity soft tissue sarcoma (STS). J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.10068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Mir O, Domont J, Cioffi A, Bonvalot S, Boulet B, le Pechoux C, Missenard G, Rimareix F, Terrier P, Le Cesne A. Metronomic oral cyclophosphamide (CPM) and prednisolone in elderly patients (pts) with inoperable or metastatic soft tissue sarcoma (STS). J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.10065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Poriel L, Boulet B, Cossonnet C, Bouvier-Capely C. Study of the U/Am separation with supported calix[6]arene in the aim of urinary actinides analysis. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2007; 127:273-6. [PMID: 17562653 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncm281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work is to propose an alternative radiochemical procedure for the analysis of U, Pu and Am in urine, which is one of the controls used to monitor workers exposed to risk of internal contamination with actinides. Previous studies have demonstrated the extraction efficiency of these molecules towards uranium and plutonium, the affinity of calix[6]arenes bearing hydroxamic acid groups (LHH3) and carboxylic groups (LCH3) towards americium were studied in this paper by solvent extraction. The results showed that LHH3 and LCH3 have a very good affinity for americium and enhance the possibility of separating Pu from U and Am. Experiments were performed to perfect the separation of U/Am. The immobilisation of these calixarenes on polymer supports was also investigated for routine applications. Supported calixarenes LCH3 and LHH3 presented the same performances as those obtained in a liquid-liquid system and, hence, are a promising system for the analysis of actinides. These molecules and their uses have been protected (patent pending).
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Affiliation(s)
- L Poriel
- IRSN/DRPH/SDI/LRC, BP 17, 92262 Fontenay aux Roses, France
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Boulet B, Bouvier‐Capely C, Cossonnet C, Cote G. Solvent Extraction of U(VI) by Calix[6]arenes. Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/07366290600646939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Woods GL, Bergmann JS, Witebsky FG, Fahle GA, Boulet B, Plaunt M, Brown BA, Wallace RJ, Wanger A. Multisite reproducibility of Etest for susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium abscessus, Mycobacterium chelonae, and Mycobacterium fortuitum. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 38:656-61. [PMID: 10655363 PMCID: PMC86169 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.38.2.656-661.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A multicenter study was conducted to assess the inter- and intralaboratory reproducibility of the Etest for susceptibility testing of the rapidly growing mycobacteria. The accuracy also was evaluated by comparing Etest results to those obtained by broth microdilution. Ten isolates (four of the Mycobacterium fortuitum group, three of Mycobacterium abscessus, and three of Mycobacterium chelonae) were tested against amikacin, cefoxitin, ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, doxycycline, imipenem, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in each of four laboratories. At each site, isolates were tested three times on each of three separate days (nine testing events per isolate) using common lots of media and Etest strips. Interlaboratory agreement among MICs (i.e., mode +/- 1 twofold dilution) varied for the different drug-isolate combinations and overall was best for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (75% for one isolate and 100% for all others), followed by doxycycline and ciprofloxacin. Interlaboratory agreement based on interpretive category also varied and overall was best for doxycycline (100% for all isolates), followed by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin. Interlaboratory reproducibility among MICs was most variable for imipenem, and agreement by interpretive category was lowest for imipenem and amikacin. Modal Etest MICs agreed with those by broth microdilution only for doxycycline and the sulfonamides. For all other drugs, the modal MICs by the two methods differed by more than +/- 1 twofold dilution for one or more isolates. In all cases, the Etest MIC was higher and would have caused reports of false resistance. In summary, the Etest in this evaluation did not perform as well as broth microdilution for susceptibility testing of the rapidly growing mycobacteria. It was problematic for most species and drugs, primarily because of a trailing endpoint and/or high MICs compared to broth. Its use will necessitate further investigation, including determination of the optimal medium and incubation conditions and clarification of endpoint interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Woods
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-0740, USA.
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Woods GL, Bergmann JS, Witebsky FG, Fahle GA, Wanger A, Boulet B, Plaunt M, Brown BA, Wallace RJ. Multisite reproducibility of results obtained by the broth microdilution method for susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium abscessus, Mycobacterium chelonae, and Mycobacterium fortuitum. J Clin Microbiol 1999; 37:1676-82. [PMID: 10325306 PMCID: PMC84920 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.37.6.1676-1682.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A multicenter study was conducted to assess the interlaboratory reproducibility of broth microdilution testing of the more common rapidly growing pathogenic mycobacteria. Ten isolates (four Mycobacterium fortuitum group, three Mycobacterium abscessus, and three Mycobacterium chelonae isolates) were tested against amikacin, cefoxitin, ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, doxycycline, imipenem, sulfamethoxazole, and tobramycin (M. chelonae only) in four laboratories. At each site, isolates were tested three times on each of three separate days (nine testing events per isolate) with a common lot of microdilution trays. Agreement among MICs (i.e., mode +/- 1 twofold dilution) varied considerably for the different drug-isolate combinations and overall was best for cefoxitin (91.7 and 97.2% for one isolate each and 100% for all others), followed by doxycycline, amikacin, and ciprofloxacin. Agreement based on the interpretive category, using currently suggested breakpoints, also varied and overall was best for doxycycline (97.2% for one isolate and 100% for the rest), followed by ciprofloxacin and clarithromycin. Reproducibility among MICs and agreement by interpretive category was most variable for imipenem. Based on results reported from the individual sites, it appears that inexperience contributed significantly to the wide range of MICs of several drugs, especially clarithromycin, ciprofloxacin, and sulfamethoxazole. New interpretive guidelines are presented for the testing of M. fortuitum against clarithromycin; M. abscessus and M. chelonae against the aminoglycosides; and all three species against cefoxitin, doxycycline, and imipenem.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Woods
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-0740, USA.
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