1
|
Lohoff T, Ghazanfar S, Missarova A, Koulena N, Pierson N, Griffiths JA, Bardot ES, Eng CHL, Tyser RCV, Argelaguet R, Guibentif C, Srinivas S, Briscoe J, Simons BD, Hadjantonakis AK, Göttgens B, Reik W, Nichols J, Cai L, Marioni JC. Integration of spatial and single-cell transcriptomic data elucidates mouse organogenesis. Nat Biotechnol 2022; 40:74-85. [PMID: 34489600 PMCID: PMC8763645 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-021-01006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Molecular profiling of single cells has advanced our knowledge of the molecular basis of development. However, current approaches mostly rely on dissociating cells from tissues, thereby losing the crucial spatial context of regulatory processes. Here, we apply an image-based single-cell transcriptomics method, sequential fluorescence in situ hybridization (seqFISH), to detect mRNAs for 387 target genes in tissue sections of mouse embryos at the 8-12 somite stage. By integrating spatial context and multiplexed transcriptional measurements with two single-cell transcriptome atlases, we characterize cell types across the embryo and demonstrate that spatially resolved expression of genes not profiled by seqFISH can be imputed. We use this high-resolution spatial map to characterize fundamental steps in the patterning of the midbrain-hindbrain boundary (MHB) and the developing gut tube. We uncover axes of cell differentiation that are not apparent from single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data, such as early dorsal-ventral separation of esophageal and tracheal progenitor populations in the gut tube. Our method provides an approach for studying cell fate decisions in complex tissues and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Lohoff
- Wellcome-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Epigenetics Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - S Ghazanfar
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - A Missarova
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - N Koulena
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - N Pierson
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - J A Griffiths
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Genomics Plc, Cambridge, UK
| | - E S Bardot
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - C-H L Eng
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - R C V Tyser
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - R Argelaguet
- Epigenetics Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - C Guibentif
- Wellcome-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - S Srinivas
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - J Briscoe
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - B D Simons
- Wellcome-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- The Wellcome/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - A-K Hadjantonakis
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - B Göttgens
- Wellcome-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - W Reik
- Wellcome-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Epigenetics Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK.
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK.
| | - J Nichols
- Wellcome-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - L Cai
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
| | - J C Marioni
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK.
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Aztekin C, Hiscock TW, Marioni JC, Gurdon JB, Simons BD, Jullien J. Identification of a regeneration-organizing cell in the Xenopus tail. Science 2019; 364:653-658. [PMID: 31097661 PMCID: PMC6986927 DOI: 10.1126/science.aav9996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Unlike mammals, Xenopus laevis tadpoles have a high regenerative potential. To characterize this regenerative response, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing after tail amputation. By comparing naturally occurring regeneration-competent and -incompetent tadpoles, we identified a previously unrecognized cell type, which we term the regeneration-organizing cell (ROC). ROCs are present in the epidermis during normal tail development and specifically relocalize to the amputation plane of regeneration-competent tadpoles, forming the wound epidermis. Genetic ablation or manual removal of ROCs blocks regeneration, whereas transplantation of ROC-containing grafts induces ectopic outgrowths in early embryos. Transcriptional profiling revealed that ROCs secrete ligands associated with key regenerative pathways, signaling to progenitors to reconstitute lost tissue. These findings reveal the cellular mechanism through which ROCs form the wound epidermis and ensure successful regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Aztekin
- Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - T W Hiscock
- Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - J C Marioni
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- EMBL-European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - J B Gurdon
- Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - B D Simons
- Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Stem Cell Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - J Jullien
- Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
Following the experimental realization of Dicke superradiance in Bose gases coupled to cavity light fields, we investigate the behavior of ultracold fermions in a transversely pumped cavity. We focus on the equilibrium phase diagram of spinless fermions coupled to a single cavity mode and establish a zero temperature transition to a superradiant state. In contrast to the bosonic case, Pauli blocking leads to lattice commensuration effects that influence self-organization in the cavity light field. This includes a sequence of discontinuous transitions with increasing atomic density and tricritical superradiance. We discuss the implications for experiment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Keeling
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
| | - M J Bhaseen
- Department of Physics, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - B D Simons
- University of Cambridge, Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bhaseen MJ, Gauntlett JP, Simons BD, Sonner J, Wiseman T. Holographic superfluids and the dynamics of symmetry breaking. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:015301. [PMID: 23383803 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.015301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We explore the far-from-equilibrium response of a holographic superfluid using the AdS/CFT correspondence. We establish the dynamical phase diagram corresponding to quantum quenches of the order parameter source field. We find three distinct regimes of behavior that are related to the spectrum of black hole quasinormal modes. These correspond to damped oscillations of the order parameter and to overdamped approaches to the superfluid and normal states. The presence of three regimes, which includes an emergent dynamical temperature scale, is argued to occur more generally in time-reversal-invariant systems that display continuous symmetry breaking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Bhaseen
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 OHE, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ejima S, Bhaseen MJ, Hohenadler M, Essler FHL, Fehske H, Simons BD. Ising deconfinement transition between Feshbach-resonant superfluids. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 106:015303. [PMID: 21231751 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.015303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2010] [Revised: 11/16/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the phase diagram of bosons interacting via Feshbach-resonant pairing interactions in a one-dimensional lattice. Using large scale density matrix renormalization group and field theory techniques we explore the atomic and molecular correlations in this low-dimensional setting. We provide compelling evidence for an Ising deconfinement transition occurring between distinct superfluids and extract the Ising order parameter and correlation length of this unusual superfluid transition. This is supported by results for the entanglement entropy which reveal both the location of the transition and critical Ising degrees of freedom on the phase boundary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Ejima
- Institut für Physik, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Keeling J, Bhaseen MJ, Simons BD. Collective dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates in optical cavities. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 105:043001. [PMID: 20867839 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.043001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Experiments on Bose-Einstein condensates in optical cavities have observed a coherent state of the matter-light system-superradiance. The nature of these experiments demands consideration of collective dynamics. Including cavity leakage and the backreaction of the cavity field on the condensate, we find a rich phase diagram including multiphase coexistence regions, and persistent optomechanical oscillations. The proximity of the phase boundaries results in a critical slowing down of the decay of many-body oscillations, which can be enhanced by large cavity loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Keeling
- University of Cambridge, Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bhaseen MJ, Silver AO, Hohenadler M, Simons BD. Feshbach resonance in optical lattices and the quantum Ising model. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:265302. [PMID: 20366320 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.265302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2009] [Revised: 11/18/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Motivated by experiments on heteronuclear Feshbach resonances in Bose mixtures, we investigate s-wave pairing of two species of bosons in an optical lattice. The zero temperature phase diagram supports a rich array of superfluid and Mott phases and a network of quantum critical points. This topology reveals an underlying structure that is succinctly captured by a two-component Landau theory. Within the second Mott lobe we establish a quantum phase transition described by the paradigmatic longitudinal and transverse field Ising model. This is confirmed by exact diagonalization of the 1D bosonic Hamiltonian. We also find this transition in the homonuclear case.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Bhaseen
- University of Cambridge, Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Conduit GJ, Simons BD. Repulsive atomic gas in a harmonic trap on the border of itinerant ferromagnetism. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:200403. [PMID: 20365966 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.200403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2009] [Revised: 10/26/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Alongside superfluidity, itinerant (Stoner) ferromagnetism remains one of the most well-characterized phases of correlated Fermi systems. A recent experiment has reported the first evidence for novel phase behavior on the repulsive side of the Feshbach resonance in a two-component ultracold Fermi gas. By adapting recent theoretical studies to the atomic trap geometry, we show that an adiabatic ferromagnetic transition would take place at a weaker interaction strength than is observed in experiment. This discrepancy motivates a simple nonequilibrium theory that takes account of the dynamics of magnetic defects and three-body losses. The formalism developed displays good quantitative agreement with experiment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G J Conduit
- Cavendish Laboratory, 19, J.J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom.
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Conduit GJ, Green AG, Simons BD. Inhomogeneous phase formation on the border of itinerant ferromagnetism. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:207201. [PMID: 20366005 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.207201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A variety of analytical techniques suggest that quantum fluctuations lead to a fundamental instability of the Fermi liquid that drives ferromagnetic transitions first order at low temperatures. We present both analytical and numerical evidence that, driven by the same quantum fluctuations, this first order transition is preempted by the formation of an inhomogeneous magnetic phase. This occurs in a manner that is closely analogous to the formation of the inhomogeneous superconducting Fulde-Ferrel-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state. We derive these results from a field-theoretical approach supplemented with numerical quantum Monte Carlo simulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G J Conduit
- Cavendish Laboratory, 19, J.J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Berridge AM, Green AG, Grigera SA, Simons BD. Inhomogeneous magnetic phases: a Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov-like phase in Sr3Ru2O7. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:136404. [PMID: 19392379 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.136404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The phase diagram of Sr3Ru2O7 contains a metamagnetic transition that bifurcates to enclose an anomalous phase with intriguing properties--a large resistivity with anisotropy that breaks the crystal-lattice symmetry. We propose that this is a magnetic analogue of the spatially inhomogeneous superconducting Fulde-Ferrel-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state. We show-through a Ginzburg-Landau expansion where the magnetization transverse to the applied field can become spatially inhomogeneous-that a Stoner model with electronic band dispersion can reproduce this phase diagram and transport behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A M Berridge
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bhaseen MJ, Hohenadler M, Silver AO, Simons BD. Polaritons and pairing phenomena in Bose-Hubbard mixtures. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:135301. [PMID: 19392365 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.135301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Motivated by recent experiments on cold atomic gases in ultrahigh finesse optical cavities, we consider the two-band Bose-Hubbard model coupled to quantum light. Photoexcitation promotes carriers between the bands, and we study the interplay between Mott insulating behavior and superfluidity. The model displays a U(1)xU(1) symmetry which supports the coexistence of Mott insulating and superfluid phases and yields a rich phase diagram with multicritical points. This symmetry is shared by several other problems of current experimental interest, including two-component Bose gases in optical lattices and the bosonic BEC-BCS crossover for atom-molecule mixtures induced by a Feshbach resonance. We corroborate our findings by numerical simulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Bhaseen
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Parish MM, Marchetti FM, Lamacraft A, Simons BD. Polarized Fermi condensates with unequal masses: tuning the tricritical point. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 98:160402. [PMID: 17501397 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.160402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2006] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We consider a two-component atomic Fermi gas within a mean-field, single-channel model, where both the mass and population of each component are unequal. We show that the tricritical point at zero temperature evolves smoothly from the BEC to BCS side of the resonance as a function of mass ratio r. We find that the interior gap state proposed by Liu and Wilczek is always unstable to phase separation, while the breached pair state with one Fermi surface for the excess fermions exhibits differences in its density of states and pair correlation functions depending on which side of the resonance it lies. Finally, we show that, when r greater, similar 3.95, the finite-temperature phase diagram of trapped gases at unitarity becomes topologically distinct from the equal mass system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M M Parish
- Cavendish Laboratory, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Green AG, Grigera SA, Borzi RA, Mackenzie AP, Perry RS, Simons BD. Phase bifurcation and quantum fluctuations in Sr3Ru2O7. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 95:086402. [PMID: 16196876 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.086402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2004] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The bilayer ruthenate Sr3Ru2O7 has been cited as a textbook example of itinerant metamagnetic quantum criticality. However, recent studies of the ultrapure system have revealed striking anomalies in magnetism and transport in the vicinity of the quantum critical point. Drawing on fresh experimental data, we show that the complex phase behavior reported here can be fully accommodated within the framework of a simple Landau theory. We discuss the potential physical mechanisms that underpin the phenomenology, and assess the capacity of the ruthenate system to realize quantum tricritial behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A G Green
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Szymańska MH, Simons BD, Burnett K. Dynamics of the BCS-BEC crossover in a degenerate Fermi gas. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 94:170402. [PMID: 15904271 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.170402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2004] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We study the short-time dynamics of a degenerate Fermi gas positioned near a Feshbach resonance following an abrupt jump in the atomic interaction resulting from a change of magnetic field. We investigate the dynamics of the condensate order parameter and pair wave function for a range of field strengths. When the jump is sufficient to span the BCS to Bose-Einstein condensation crossover, we show that the rigidity of the momentum distribution precludes any atom-molecule oscillations in the entrance channel dominated resonances observed in 40K and 6Li. Focusing on material parameters tailored to the 40K Feshbach resonance at 202.1 G, we comment on the integrity of the fast sweep projection technique as a vehicle to explore the condensed phase in the crossover region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M H Szymańska
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 OHE, United Kingdom
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Levitov LS, Simons BD, Butov LV. Pattern formation as a signature of quantum degeneracy in a cold exciton system. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 94:176404. [PMID: 15904321 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.176404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2004] [Revised: 01/14/2005] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The development of a Turing instability to a spatially modulated state in a photoexcited electron-hole system is proposed as a novel signature of exciton Bose statistics. We show that such an instability, driven by kinetics of exciton formation, can result from stimulated processes that build up near quantum degeneracy. The stability of an electron-hole interface which describes recently observed exciton rings is analyzed. Interface instability occurs below a critical temperature, with a periodic 1D pattern developing via a continuous (type II) transition, in a qualitative agreement with observations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L S Levitov
- Department of Physics, Center for Materials Sciences & Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Butov LV, Levitov LS, Mintsev AV, Simons BD, Gossard AC, Chemla DS. Formation mechanism and low-temperature instability of exciton rings. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 92:117404. [PMID: 15089167 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.117404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The macroscopic rings observed in the photoluminescence patterns of excitons in coupled quantum wells are explained by a mechanism of carrier imbalance, transport, and recombination. The rings originate from the spatial separation of p and n carriers, and occur at the interface of the p and n domains, where excitons are generated. We explore the states of excitons in the ring over a range of temperatures down to 380 mK and report a transition of the ring into a periodic array of aggregates, a new low-temperature ordered exciton state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L V Butov
- Materials Sciences Division, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Marchetti FM, Smolyarenko IE, Simons BD. Universality of parametric spectral correlations: local versus extended perturbing potentials. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2003; 68:036217. [PMID: 14524878 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.68.036217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We explore the influence of an arbitrary external potential perturbation V on the spectral properties of a weakly disordered conductor. In the framework of a statistical field theory of a nonlinear sigma-model type we find, depending on the range and the profile of the external perturbation, two qualitatively different universal regimes of parametric spectral statistics (i.e., cross correlations between the spectra of Hamiltonians H and H+V). We identify the translational invariance of the correlations in the space of Hamiltonians as the key indicator of universality, and find the connection between the coordinate system in this space which makes the translational invariance manifest, and the physically measurable properties of the system. In particular, in the case of localized perturbations, the latter turn out to be the eigenphases of the scattering matrix for scattering off the perturbing potential V. They also have a purely statistical interpretation in terms of the moments of the level velocity distribution. Finally, on the basis of this analysis, a set of results obtained recently by the authors using random matrix theory methods is shown to be applicable to a much wider class of disordered and chaotic structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F M Marchetti
- Cavendish Laboratory, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Smolyarenko IE, Simons BD. Parametric spectral statistics in unitary random matrix ensembles: from distribution functions to intra-level correlations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1088/0305-4470/36/12/339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
19
|
Smolyarenko IE, Simons BD. Parametric statistics of individual energy levels in random Hamiltonians. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2003; 67:025202. [PMID: 12636733 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.67.025202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We establish a general framework to explore parametric statistics of individual energy levels in disordered and chaotic quantum systems of unitary symmetry. The method is applied to the calculation of the universal intralevel parametric velocity correlation function and the distribution of level shifts under the influence of an arbitrary external perturbation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I E Smolyarenko
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Smolyarenko IE, Marchetti FM, Simons BD. Parametric spectral correlations in disordered and chaotic structures. Phys Rev Lett 2002; 88:256808. [PMID: 12097117 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.256808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2002] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We explore the influence of external perturbations on the energy levels of a Hamiltonian drawn at random from the Gaussian unitary distribution of Hermitian matrices. By deriving the joint distribution function of eigenvalues, we obtain the (n,m)-point parametric correlation function of the initial and the final density of states for perturbations of arbitrary rank and strength. A further generalization of these results allows for the incorporation of short-range spatial correlations in diffusive as well as ballistic chaotic structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I E Smolyarenko
- Cavendish Laboratory, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 OHE, United Kingdom
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
|
22
|
Talyanskii VI, Novikov DS, Simons BD, Levitov LS. Quantized adiabatic charge transport in a carbon nanotube. Phys Rev Lett 2001; 87:276802. [PMID: 11800906 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.276802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The coupling of a semimetallic carbon nanotube to a surface acoustic wave (SAW) is proposed as a vehicle to realize quantized adiabatic charge transport. We demonstrate that electron backscattering from a periodic SAW potential can be used to induce a miniband spectrum at energies near the Fermi level. Within the framework of Luttinger liquid theory, electron interaction is shown to enhance minigaps and thereby improve current quantization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V I Talyanskii
- Cavendish Laboratory, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 OHE, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kushner BJ, Simons BD, Nemet P, Hertle RW, Buckley EG. A case of restrictive strabismus secondary to orbital Wegener's granulomatosis. Binocul Vis Strabismus Q 2001; 15:240-6. [PMID: 10960228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
|
24
|
Affiliation(s)
- B D Simons
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Florida 33101, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Berry BE, Simons BD, Siatkowski RM, Schiffman JC, Flynn JT, Duthie MJ. Preschool vision screening using the MTI-Photoscreener. Pediatr Nurs 2001; 27:27-34. [PMID: 12025144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Amblyopia is a condition that, if detected and treated early, can improve vision for most children. Thus, both pediatric and ophthalmologic groups have acknowledged the need for preschool vision screening. However, vision screening is the exception rather than the rule for preschoolers, since traditional methods of vision screening are often inappropriate for the preschool population and almost impossible for those children who are preverbal or nonverbal, developmentally delayed, and/or have chronic illnesses or disabilities. This study evaluated the use of a photoscreener to detect vision problems in a preschool population. Fifty-one children ages 3 to 5 years were evaluated using the MTI Photoscreener. Results were compared with a complete ophthalmologic examination, including cycloplegia. The sensitivity and specificity calculated for this study was 83% and 68%, respectively. Findings conclude that the MTI Photoscreener detected a broad range of vision problems, seemed to require less time, and seemed more acceptable to preschoolers when compared with the traditional vision screening methods performed by registered nurses. Although the sensitivity and specificity rates for this study were less than desired, it is likely that both could be improved with additional photo interpretation training.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B E Berry
- Mailman Center for Child Development, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
A field theoretic approach is developed to investigate the profile and spectrum of subgap states in a superconductor subject to a weak magnetic impurity potential. Such states are found to be associated with spatially inhomogeneous instanton configurations of the action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Lamacraft
- Cavendish Laboratory, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 OHE, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Affiliation(s)
- BD Simons
- Miami, Florida. Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of augmenting full-tendon vertical rectus transpositions with posterior fixation sutures in patients with complete or near-complete lateral rectus palsy. METHODS Transposition of the vertical recti to the lateral rectus muscle was performed in seven patients with unilateral lateral rectus palsy (the mean angle of preoperative horizontal deviation in primary gaze was 36.7 prism diopters (delta); range, 25-62delta of esotropia). A posterior fixation suture of 5.0 Mersilene (Ethicon, Somerville, NJ) was placed in sclera (14-16 mm posterior to the limbus) adjacent to the lateral rectus and incorporated 1/3 belly width of each transposed vertical rectus muscle. RESULTS The mean angle of postoperative horizontal deviation in primary gaze was 7.1delta (range, 0-20delta). The mean change in primary-position horizontal deviation postoperatively was 41.2delta (range, 37-72delta). Four patients were able to fuse without prism in primary gaze; three patients were orthophoric and one patient had a consecutive intermittent exotropia. The remaining three patients required prism correction to neutralize the postoperative gaze deviation. All patients had improvement in abduction. Mild limitation of adduction was noted in three patients (range, -0.5 to -2.0). CONCLUSIONS Augmenting full vertical rectus muscle transpositions with posterior fixation sutures improves the abducting effect of surgery without significant limitation of adduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B D Simons
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Florida, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
|
30
|
Simons BD, Siatkowski RM, Schiffman JC, Berry BE, Flynn JT. Pediatric photoscreening for strabismus and refractive errors in a high-risk population. Ophthalmology 1999; 106:1073-80. [PMID: 10366073 DOI: 10.1016/s0161-6420(99)90243-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the accuracy of the MTI Photoscreener in detecting strabismus and refractive errors in children. PARTICIPANTS One hundred children underwent MTI photoscreening followed by complete ophthalmologic examination. Six observers graded the photographs for strabismus, according to the location of the corneal light reflexes, and for refractive error, according to the size and location of the light crescent. RESULTS The sensitivity of the MTI Photoscreener in detecting any amblyogenic factor was 80% to 91%, with a specificity of 20% to 67%. The sensitivity and specificity for particular amblyogenic factors varied widely among observers. The ranges were as follows: strabismus, sensitivity = 23% to 50%, specificity = 76% to 96%; myopia, sensitivity = 89%, specificity = 48% to 76%; hyperopia, sensitivity = 20% to 80%, specificity = 88% to 96%; and astigmatism, sensitivity = 46% to 77%, specificity = 79% to 89%. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest caution in relying on photoscreening to detect strabismus and refractive errors in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B D Simons
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Florida, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
This article reviews the various surgical treatment approaches currently used in the management of ocular motor cranial nerve palsies. Regardless of the approach, the final goal is improved alignment, especially in the primary and reading positions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B D Simons
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Affiliation(s)
- B D Simons
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Simons BD, Siatkowski RM, Schiffman JC, Flynn JT, Capó H, Muñoz M. Surgical technique, visual outcome, and complications of pediatric intraocular lens implantation. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1999; 36:118-24. [PMID: 10358814 DOI: 10.3928/0191-3913-19990501-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate retrospectively the surgical technique, visual outcome, and complications of pediatric cataract extraction (CE) and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. METHODS Forty-three patients ages 2 to 12 underwent CE with IOL implantation with a minimum follow up of 1 month. RESULTS All IOLs were implanted in the posterior chamber with 17 (40%) in the bag, 25 (58%) sulcus fixated, and one (2%) partially in the bag (one haptic in the bag, one in the sulcus). Primary posterior capsulectomy was performed in 12 (28%) cases. A final visual acuity of at least 20/40 was achieved in 26 (60%) and at least 20/80 in 32 (74%). Posterior capsule opacification developed in 18 (42%) and pupillary capture in 7 (16%). Seventeen (40%) patients had postoperative visual acuity worse than 20/40. Of these, nine (53%) had this visual outcome as a result of presumed amblyopia. CONCLUSIONS Posterior chamber IOL implantation affords a safe and effective method of visual rehabilitation for cataractous children 2 years of age and older. Amblyopia and antecedent posterior segment trauma, rather than IOL-related or surgical complications, are the limiting factors in final visual outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B D Simons
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Florida, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Haydock R, Nex CM, Simons BD. Calculation of relaxation rates from microscopic equations of motion. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1999; 59:5292-302. [PMID: 11969489 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.59.5292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/1998] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
For classical systems with anharmonic forces, Newton's equations for particle trajectories are nonlinear, while Liouville's equation for the evolution of functions of position and momentum is linear and is solved by constructing a basis of functions in which the Liouvillian is a tridiagonal matrix, which is then diagonalized. For systems that are chaotic in the sense that neighboring trajectories diverge exponentially, the initial conditions determine the solution to Liouville's equation for short times; but for long times, the solutions decay exponentially at rates independent of the initial conditions. These are the relaxation rates of irreversible processes, and they arise in these calculations as the imaginary parts of the frequencies where there are singularities in the analytic continuations of solutions to Liouville's equation. These rates are calculated for two examples: the inverted oscillator, which can be solved both analytically and numerically, and a charged particle in a periodic magnetic field, which can only be solved numerically. In these systems, dissipation arises from traveling-wave solutions to Liouville's equation that couple low and high wave-number modes allowing energy to flow from disturbances that are coherent over large scales to disturbances on ever smaller scales finally becoming incoherent over microscopic scales. These results suggest that dissipation in large scale motion of the system is a consequence of chaos in the small scale motion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Haydock
- Department of Physics and Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403-1274, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Simons BD, Saunders TG, Siatkowski RM, Feuer WJ, Lavina AM, Capó H, Muñoz M, Flynn JT. Outcome of surgical management of superior oblique palsy: a study of 123 cases. Binocul Vis Strabismus Q 1998; 13:273-82. [PMID: 9852442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the outcome of the surgical management of superior oblique palsy at our institution. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Retrospective review of 123 patients who underwent surgical correction of superior oblique paresis at Bascom Palmer Eye Institute from 1976 to 1996. Subject-Patients: 67% were male and 33% female. The mean age at surgery was 30.5 years (range, 2-78 years). Etiologies of the pareses were trauma (34%), congenital (33%), and acquired/non-traumatic (33%). The mean angle of preoperative vertical deviation in primary gaze was 14.0 delta (range, 0-45 delta). SURGERY 109/123 (89%) patients underwent single muscle surgery. Of these 109, 57 had single oblique muscle surgery: a superior oblique tuck in 34/57 (60%); an inferior oblique weakening procedure in 22/57 (38%); and a Harada-Ito procedure in 1/57 (2%). The other 14 patients (11%) had bilateral surgery. RESULTS The final postoperative vertical deviation in primary gaze was < or =3 PD in 60% of patients and < or =7 PD in 80%. The mean change in primary position vertical deviation postoperatively was 10.4 PD for distance and 13.0 PD for near. An "excellent" outcome (final vertical deviation &le3 PD in primary and reading gazes) was achieved most frequently in those patients with congenital pareses and isolated oblique muscle surgery. COMPLICATIONS Clinically significant Brown's Syndrome occurred in 43/72 (60%) of those cases who had undergone a superior oblique tuck. The incidence of Brown's Syndrome was unrelated to tuck size. Reoperation was three times more likely to be necessary in traumatic cases than in congenital cases (35.0% vs 11.9%, p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS Based on these results we recommend oblique muscle surgery as the initial procedure to correct superior oblique palsy when appropriate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B D Simons
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Simons BD, Wilson MC, Hertle RW, Schaefer DB. Bilateral hyphemas and cataracts after diode laser retinal photoablation for retinopathy of prematurity. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1998; 35:185-7. [PMID: 9627885 DOI: 10.3928/0191-3913-19980501-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B D Simons
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
PURPOSE To report the management and outcome of cataract surgery and intraocular lens placement in a child with unilateral posterior lenticonus. METHODS Case report. A 7-year-old boy with a best-corrected visual acuity of RE, 20/200, posterior lenticonus, and cataract underwent a pars plana lensectomy, vitrectomy, posterior chamber intraocular lens insertion into the ciliary sulcus, and central anterior capsulotomy. RESULT At 2 years of follow-up, best-corrected visual acuity was RE, 20/40. CONCLUSION This technique allowed complete removal of the opaque posterior lenticonus plaque while preserving the peripheral anterior capsule for sulcus fixation of the posterior chamber intraocular lens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B D Simons
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the association between axial length, as a measurement of hyperopia, and branch retinal vein occlusion and to determine the clinical characteristics and other risk factors of patients with branch retinal vein occlusion. METHODS A case-control study was performed using 36 patients with branch retinal vein occlusion and 36 age- and sex-matched control patients selected from a list of subjects who had undergone cataract extraction. RESULTS There was essentially no difference in axial length between patients the disorder and control patients (23.55 mm versus 23.62 mm; P = 0.79). Although the intraocular pressure (IOP) among control eyes was somewhat higher than that in branch retinal vein occlusion eyes, the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.32). Systemic hypertension was more common in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (53%) than in control patients (42%) but the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.35). Chronic open-angle glaucoma was present in 14% of patients with branch retinal vein occlusion and 22% of control patients (P = 0.37), but this difference was not statistically significant. Diabetes mellitus was two times more common in controls (28%) than in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (14%). This difference, however, also did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.13). CONCLUSIONS Hyperopia as measured by axial length is not a risk factor for branch retinal vein occlusion. This study provides evidence that hypertension is a risk factor for branch retinal vein occlusion and that chronic open-angle glaucoma and diabetes mellitus are not risk factors for branch retinal vein occlusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B D Simons
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Andreev AV, Agam O, Simons BD, Altshuler BL. Quantum chaos, irreversible classical dynamics, and random matrix theory. Phys Rev Lett 1996; 76:3947-3950. [PMID: 10061153 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.76.3947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
|
40
|
Taniguchi N, Simons BD, Altshuler BL. Spectral correlation and response functions in quantum dots. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1996; 53:R7618-R7621. [PMID: 9982281 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.r7618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
|
41
|
|
42
|
Mucciolo ER, Simons BD, Andreev AV, Prigodin VN. Sensitivity of quantum chaotic wave-function intensities to changes in external perturbations. Phys Rev Lett 1995; 75:1360-1363. [PMID: 10060273 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.75.1360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
|
43
|
Simons BD, Altshuler BL. Exact ground state of an open S=1/2 long-range Heisenberg antiferromagnetic spin chain. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1994; 50:1102-1105. [PMID: 9975778 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.1102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
|
44
|
Mucciolo ER, Shastry BS, Simons BD, Altshuler BL. Exact dynamical correlations of the 1/r2 model. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1994; 49:15197-15211. [PMID: 10010627 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.49.15197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
|
45
|
|
46
|
Simons BD, Hashimoto A, Courtney M, Kleppner D, Altshuler BL. New class of universal correlations in the spectra of hydrogen in a magnetic field. Phys Rev Lett 1993; 71:2899-2902. [PMID: 10054807 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.71.2899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
|
47
|
Simons BD, Lee PA, Altshuler BL. Exact pair correlation of the one-dimensional quantum gas with 1/r2 repulsion derived from the sympletic Dyson ensemble. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1993; 48:11450-11452. [PMID: 10007470 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.48.11450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
|
48
|
Abstract
The authors evaluated the risk of death from prostate cancer in Rhode Island men who had had surgery for prostatic hypertrophy during the years 1959-1970. The retrospective follow-up method was used. Among 4,853 men who had had either a transurethral resection or a prostatectomy, age- and time-standardized mortality from prostate cancer was 1.14 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.93-1.33) times the rate in the general population of Rhode Island men. The age- and time-standardized mortality ratio was 1.01 (95% CI 0.77-1.31) for men who had had a suprapubic prostatectomy and 1.18 (95% CI 0.94-1.47) for men who had had a transurethral resection. The authors used the case-control method to relate the histologic features of prostatic hypertrophy to subsequent prostate cancer. The observed associations were weak and inconsistent. The results of this study suggest that surgically treated prostatic hypertrophy is not an important determinant of prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B D Simons
- Department of Community Health, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Faas M, Simons BD, Zotos X, Altshuler BL. Universality in the spectra of strongly correlated systems. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1993; 48:5439-5443. [PMID: 10009062 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.48.5439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
|
50
|
|