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Jespersen T, Møllehave LT, Thuesen BH, Skaaby T, Rossing P, Toft U, Jørgensen NR, Corfixen BL, Jakobsen J, Frimodt-Møller M, Linneberg A. Uncarboxylated matrix Gla-protein: A biomarker of vitamin K status and cardiovascular risk. Clin Biochem 2020; 83:49-56. [PMID: 32422228 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dephosphorylated uncarboxylated matrix Gla-protein (dp-ucMGP) is a biomarker of functional vitamin K status. High plasma dp-ucMGP concentrations reflect a low vitamin K status and have been related to vascular calcification. Our aims were to assess plasma levels of dp-ucMGP and their association with cardiovascular risk in a general population. METHODS Plasma dp-ucMGP measurements were performed using the IDS-iSYS InaKtif MGP assay in 491 consecutive participants in a Danish general population study (229 males and 262 females, aged 19-71 years). Multivariable linear and logistic regressions were used to assess the association between dp-ucMGP levels and cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS Mean ± standard deviation (SD) for dp-ucMGP was 465 ± 181 pmol/L, and upper 95th percentile was 690 pmol/L. In logistic regression analyses, an increase in dp-ucMGP category (<300, 300-399, 400-499, ≥500 pmol/L) was positively associated with obesity, odds ratio (OR) 2.27 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.54-3.33), history of cardiovascular disease, OR 1.77 (CI 1.02-3.05), and above-median estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV), OR 1.54 (CI 1.21-1.96), when adjusted for age, sex, and lifestyle factors. 1 SD increase in diastolic and systolic blood pressure (BP) corresponded to a 5.5% (CI 2.9-8.0%) and 4.7% (CI 2.1-7.4%) increase in dp-ucMGP, respectively, when adjusted for age and sex. CONCLUSION Plasma dp-ucMGP levels were positively associated with obesity, BP, ePWV, and history of cardiovascular disease. These findings support that dp-ucMGP is a biomarker of cardiovascular risk, and that vitamin K status could play a role in vascular calcification. The strong association with obesity deserves further attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Jespersen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Capital Region, Denmark.
| | - L T Møllehave
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Capital Region, Denmark
| | - B H Thuesen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Capital Region, Denmark
| | - T Skaaby
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Capital Region, Denmark
| | - P Rossing
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - U Toft
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Capital Region, Denmark
| | - N R Jørgensen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark; OPEN, Odense Patient Data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital/Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - B L Corfixen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - J Jakobsen
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | | | - A Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Capital Region, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Ittermann T, Schipf S, Dörr M, Thuesen BH, Jørgensen T, Völzke H, Markus MRP. Hyperthyroxinemia is positively associated with prevalent and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus in two population-based samples from Northeast Germany and Denmark. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:173-179. [PMID: 29239740 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS A potential causal relationship between thyroid function and type 2 diabetes mellitus is currently under debate, but the current state of research is limited. Our aim was to investigate the association of thyroid hormone levels with prevalent and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in two representative studies. METHODS AND RESULTS Analyses are based on data from the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP), a German population based cohort with 4308 individuals at baseline and 3300 individuals at a five-year follow-up, and from INTER99, a Danish population-based randomized controlled trial with 6784 individuals at baseline and 4516 individuals at the five-year-follow-up. Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (fT4) concentrations were measured in both studies, while free triiodothyronine was measured in SHIP only. T2DM was defined by self report or intake of anti-diabetic medication. Neither in SHIP nor in INTER99 we detected significant associations of serum TSH levels with prevalent or incident T2DM. Serum fT4 levels were significantly positively associated with prevalent T2DM in SHIP and INTER99. In longitudinal analyses baseline levels of fT4 were significantly positively associated with incident T2DM in SHIP (RR per pmol/L = 1.07; 95%-CI = 1.05-1.10), while this association barely missed statistical significance in INTER99 (RR per pmol/L = 1.03; 95%-CI = 0.99-1.06). In SHIP baseline fT3 levels were significantly associated with incident T2DM (RR per pmol/L = 1.21; 95%-CI = 1.16-1.27). CONCLUSION We demonstrated positive associations of thyroid hormones with prevalent and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus suggesting that hyperthyroxinemia may contribute to the pathogenesis of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ittermann
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Germany.
| | - S Schipf
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany; DZD (German Center for Diabetes Research), Site Greifswald, Germany
| | - M Dörr
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine B - Cardiology, Intensive Care, Pulmonary Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - B H Thuesen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, the Capital Region, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - T Jørgensen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, the Capital Region, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - H Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Germany
| | - M R P Markus
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Germany; DZD (German Center for Diabetes Research), Site Greifswald, Germany
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Skaaby T, Taylor AE, Thuesen BH, Jacobsen RK, Friedrich N, Møllehave LT, Hansen S, Larsen SC, Völker U, Nauck M, Völzke H, Hansen T, Pedersen O, Jørgensen T, Paternoster L, Munafò M, Grarup N, Linneberg A. Estimating the causal effect of body mass index on hay fever, asthma and lung function using Mendelian randomization. Allergy 2018; 73:153-164. [PMID: 28675761 DOI: 10.1111/all.13242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies have shown that body mass index (BMI) is positively associated with asthma. However, observational data are prone to confounding and reverse causation. In Mendelian randomization, genetic variants are used as unconfounded markers of exposures to examine causal effects. We examined the causal effect of BMI on asthma, hay fever, allergic sensitization, serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE), forced expiratory volume in one-second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC). METHODS We included 490 497 participants in the observational and 162 124 participants in the genetic analyses. A genetic risk score (GRS) was created using 26 BMI-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Results were pooled in meta-analyses and expressed as odds ratios (ORs) or β-estimates with 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS The GRS was significantly associated with asthma (OR=1.009; 95% CI: 1.004, 1.013), but not with hay fever (OR= 0.998; 95% CI: 0.994, 1.002) or allergic sensitization (OR=0.999; 95% CI: 0.986, 1.012) per BMI-increasing allele. The GRS was significantly associated with decrease in FEV1: β=-0.0012 (95% CI: -0.0019, -0.0006) and FVC: β=-0.0022 (95% CI: -0.0031, -0.0014) per BMI-increasing allele. Effect sizes estimated by instrumental variable analyses were OR=1.07 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.10) for asthma, a 9 ml decrease in FEV1 (95% CI: 2.0-15 mL decrease) and a 16 ml decrease in FVC (95% CI: 7.0-24 mL decrease) per 1 kg/m2 higher BMI. CONCLUSIONS The results support the conclusion that increasing BMI is causally related to higher prevalence of asthma and decreased lung function, but not with hay fever or biomarkers of allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Skaaby
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health Centre for Health Capital Region of Denmark Copenhagen Denmark
| | - A. E. Taylor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) The University of Bristol Bristol UK
- UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies School of Experimental Psychology University of Bristol Bristol UK
| | - B. H. Thuesen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health Centre for Health Capital Region of Denmark Copenhagen Denmark
| | - R. K. Jacobsen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health Centre for Health Capital Region of Denmark Copenhagen Denmark
| | - N. Friedrich
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health Centre for Health Capital Region of Denmark Copenhagen Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine University Medicine Greifswald Greifswald Germany
| | - L. T. Møllehave
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health Centre for Health Capital Region of Denmark Copenhagen Denmark
| | - S. Hansen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health Centre for Health Capital Region of Denmark Copenhagen Denmark
| | - S. C. Larsen
- Research unit for Dietary Studies The Parker Institute Frederiksberg and Bispebjerg Hospitals The Capital Region Frederiksberg Denmark
| | - U. Völker
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics University Medicine and Ernst‐Moritz‐Arndt University Greifswald Greifswald Germany
| | - M. Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine University Medicine Greifswald Greifswald Germany
| | - H. Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine University Medicine Greifswald Greifswald Germany
| | - T. Hansen
- Section on Metabolic Genetics Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - O. Pedersen
- Section on Metabolic Genetics Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - T. Jørgensen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health Centre for Health Capital Region of Denmark Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Public Health Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
- Faculty of Medicine Aalborg University Aalborg Denmark
| | - L. Paternoster
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) The University of Bristol Bristol UK
| | - M. Munafò
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) The University of Bristol Bristol UK
- UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies School of Experimental Psychology University of Bristol Bristol UK
| | - N. Grarup
- Section on Metabolic Genetics Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - A. Linneberg
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health Centre for Health Capital Region of Denmark Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research Rigshospitalet Glostrup Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
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Husemoen LLN, Skaaby T, Thuesen BH, Grarup N, Sandholt CH, Hansen T, Pedersen O, Linneberg A. Mendelian randomisation study of the associations of vitamin B12 and folate genetic risk scores with blood pressure and fasting serum lipid levels in three Danish population-based studies. Eur J Clin Nutr 2016; 70:613-9. [PMID: 26908422 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2016.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The aim was to examine the association of genetic risk scores (GRSs) of vitamin B12 and folate-associated variants with blood pressure and lipids. SUBJECTS/METHODS The study included 12 532 adults from three population-based studies (Inter99, Health2006 and Dan-MONICA10) conducted in Denmark. GRSs were calculated by summarising the number of vitamin B12 and folate increasing alleles. Weighted GRSs were calculated as the sum of weights for each allele corresponding to genetic effects sizes. RESULTS GRSs for serum vitamin B12 and folate were associated with serum vitamin B12 and folate, respectively. The β coefficients (95% confidence interval (CI), P-value) for regression of log-transformed serum B12/folate on the weighted GRSs were 0.57 (0.54, 0.61), P<0.001 and 0.85 (0.70, 1.01), P<0.01. No associations were observed between the vitamin B12 GRSs and any of the blood pressure and lipid-related outcomes in the combined analyses. Increasing number of folate increasing alleles was associated with increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations (β coefficient (95% CI, P-value) for regression of log-transformed HDL on the weighted GRSs, 0.081 (0.015, 0.148), P=0.017), but not with blood pressure, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol levels. CONCLUSIONS GRSs were not associated with blood pressure and lipid levels, except for an association between the GRS for folate and HDL cholesterol. Further studies are needed to determine whether a causal association between folate and HDL cholesterol exists.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L N Husemoen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - T Skaaby
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - B H Thuesen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - N Grarup
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - C H Sandholt
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - T Hansen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - O Pedersen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A Linneberg
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark.,University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Thuesen BH, Heede NG, Tang L, Skaaby T, Thyssen JP, Friedrich N, Linneberg A. No association between vitamin D and atopy, asthma, lung function or atopic dermatitis: a prospective study in adults. Allergy 2015. [PMID: 26214285 DOI: 10.1111/all.12704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Studies suggest that vitamin D may be involved in the pathogenesis of allergic disorders, asthma and decreased lung function. However, results are inconsistent and only few prospective studies have examined adults. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (s25(OH)D) with atopy, atopic dermatitis (AD), asthma, wheezing and impaired lung function in a prospective study of Danish adults. A random sample of 3471 persons was examined in 2006-2008. Of these, 2308 were re-examined 5 years later. s25(OH)D and specific IgE against four common inhalant allergens were measured by standard procedures. Wheezing, asthma and AD were assessed from questionnaires and lung function was measured by spirometry. We found no statistically significant associations between s25(OH)D and prevalence or incidence of atopy, AD, asthma or wheezing. Associations with lung function were inconsistent. We conclude that vitamin D status does not influence these conditions in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. H. Thuesen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health; The Capital Region of Denmark; Rigshospitalet; Glostrup Denmark
| | - N. G. Heede
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health; The Capital Region of Denmark; Rigshospitalet; Glostrup Denmark
- Department of Dermato-Allergology; The National Allergy Research Centre; Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte; Gentofte Denmark
| | - L. Tang
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health; The Capital Region of Denmark; Rigshospitalet; Glostrup Denmark
| | - T. Skaaby
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health; The Capital Region of Denmark; Rigshospitalet; Glostrup Denmark
| | - J. P. Thyssen
- Department of Dermato-Allergology; The National Allergy Research Centre; Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte; Gentofte Denmark
| | - N. Friedrich
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine; University Medicine Greifswald; Greifswald Germany
| | - A. Linneberg
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health; The Capital Region of Denmark; Rigshospitalet; Glostrup Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research; Rigshospitalet; Glostrup Denmark
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6
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Thuesen BH, Skaaby T, Husemoen LLN, Fenger M, Jørgensen T, Linneberg A. The association of serum 25-OH vitamin D with atopy, asthma, and lung function in a prospective study of Danish adults. Clin Exp Allergy 2015; 45:265-72. [PMID: 24575884 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Besides the important skeletal functions, it has been suggested that vitamin D is involved in the pathogenesis of allergy and asthma and related to lung function. However, previous studies are inconclusive. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate associations of serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) with atopy, asthma, and lung function in a prospective study of Danish adults. METHODS This study included 4999 adults aged 30-60 years in 1999-2001. Three thousand and thirty-two of those included at baseline also participated at a follow-up examination 5 years later, and 3727 answered a 10-year follow-up questionnaire. Serum levels of (25(OH)D) were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) at baseline. No information on use of vitamin D supplements was available. Specific IgE against four common antigens was measured. Information about doctor-diagnosed asthma was obtained from questionnaires, and lung function (FEV1 and forced vital capacity) was measured by spirometry. RESULTS We found no significant associations of 25(OH)D with atopy and doctor-diagnosed asthma. However, we found that low levels of 25(OH)D were associated with lower FEV1 percentage predicted (FEV1%pred) in the cross-sectional analyses. The odds ratio (OR) of FEV1%pred < 80% among participants in the highest quartile of 25(OH)D compared with those in the lowest was 0.66 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.49-0.74). In contrast, prospective analyses indicated an association between high levels of 25(OH)D at baseline and adverse changes in lung function. OR (95%CI) of incident FEV1%pred < 80% was 1.73 (1.06-2.82) in the highest quartile of 25(OH)D compared with the lowest. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our data indicates that 25(OH)D levels do not influence the development of asthma and allergy among adults. Further, the results did not consistently support that 25(OH)D levels associate with lung function. Randomized controlled trials are needed to further address this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Thuesen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
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Husemoen LLN, Ebstrup JF, Mortensen EL, Schwarz P, Skaaby T, Thuesen BH, Jørgensen T, Linneberg A. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and self-reported mental health status in adult Danes. Eur J Clin Nutr 2015; 70:78-84. [PMID: 26264349 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Revised: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Vitamin D receptors and vitamin D-metabolising enzymes are present in the brain and in the central nervous system at sites responsible for the regulation of emotions and behaviour. This raises the hypothesis that low vitamin D is related to poor mental health. Our aim was to examine the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and the self-reported symptoms and diagnosis of depression and anxiety in the adult general population. SUBJECTS/METHODS Serum 25(OH)D was measured in three Danish population-based studies, including 5308 adults aged 18-64 years. After 5 years, 2004 participants were re-examined. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were assessed by the Symptom Check List (SCL)-90-R, and self-reported doctor-diagnosed depression and anxiety was recorded by using a questionnaire. RESULTS Serum 25(OH)D was not associated with SCL average scores for depression and anxiety when analysed by quantile median regression adjusted for sex, age and other potential confounders. The β-coefficient and 95% confidence interval (CI) per 10 nmol/l serum 25(OH)D were 0.00 (-0.00 to 0.01) and P=0.23 for depression and -0.00 (-0.01 to 0.00) and P=0.19 for anxiety. Furthermore, no evidence of an association was observed with longitudinal changes (combining depression and anxiety score: β (95% CI)=0.00 (-0.00 to 0.00), P=0.90), with scores >90 percentiles (odds ratio (OR) (95% CI)=1.02 (0.98-1.07), P=0.32), or with self-reported history (OR (95% CI)=1.02 (0.97-1.07), P=0.47) or incidence (OR (95% CI)=1.02 (0.92-1.12), P=0.77) of doctor-diagnosed depression and/or anxiety. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that low serum 25(OH)D is not associated with self-reported symptoms/diagnosis of depression and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L N Husemoen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - J F Ebstrup
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - E L Mortensen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - P Schwarz
- Research Centre for Ageing and Osteoporosis, Department of Medicine M, Copenhagen University Hospital Glostrup, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - T Skaaby
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - B H Thuesen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - T Jørgensen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Aalborg, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - A Linneberg
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopy is the familial or personal propensity to develop immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies against common environmental allergens and is associated with high risk of allergic disease. It has been proposed that atopy may have effects on risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer. OBJECTIVES We investigated the association of atopy with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. METHODS We included a total of 14 849 individuals from five Danish population-based cohorts with measurements of atopy defined as serum-specific IgE positivity against inhalant allergens. Participants were followed by linkage to the Danish Registry of Causes of Death to obtain information on mortality status and cause of death (median follow-up time 11.3 years). The relative mortality risk was estimated by Cox regression and expressed as hazard ratios, HRs (95% confidence intervals, CIs). RESULTS A total of 1776 person died during follow-up. The mortality risk for atopics vs. non-atopics was: for all-cause mortality (HR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.90, 1.17); neoplasms (HR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.69, 1.06); endocrine, nutritional and metabolic disorders (HR = 1.48, 95% CI: 0.71, 3.08); mental and behavioural disorders (HR = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.18, 4.30); diseases of the nervous system (HR = 1.36, 95% CI: 0.65, 2.87); diseases of the circulatory system (HR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.78, 1.29); diseases of the respiratory system (HR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.55, 1.60); and diseases of the digestive system (HR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.03, 2.98). CONCLUSIONS & CLINICAL RELEVANCE We found no statistically significant association between atopy and all-cause mortality. However, atopy was associated with a significantly higher risk of dying from mental and behavioural disorders and gastrointestinal diseases, particularly liver diseases, and a lower risk of dying from breast cancer, but these associations were not statistically significant when applying the Bonferroni adjusted significance level. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Skaaby
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
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Engebretsen KA, Linneberg A, Thuesen BH, Szecsi PB, Stender S, Menné T, Johansen JD, Thyssen JP. Xerosis is associated with asthma in men independent of atopic dermatitis and filaggrin gene mutations. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015; 29:1807-15. [PMID: 25712346 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermal filaggrin deficiency due to common filaggrin gene (FLG) mutations causes xerosis and strongly increases the risk of atopic dermatitis and even asthma. However, it is unknown whether xerosis independent of FLG mutations could also increase the risk of asthma. OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether generalized xerosis was associated with asthma, independent of atopic dermatitis and common FLG mutations in a cross-sectional study on adult Danes. METHODS A total of 3396 adults from the general population participated in a health examination. Lung function and serum-specific IgE levels to inhalant allergens were measured and information on xerosis and atopic diseases was obtained by means of a questionnaire. Participants were genotypes for the three most common FLG mutations in Northern Europeans: R501X, 2282del4 and R2447X. RESULTS Fully adjusted logistic regression analyses showed that asthma (either current or at some point in life) was significantly associated with reporting generalized xerosis (OR 1.32; 95% CI 1.02-1.72). The association was stronger in men (OR 1.79; 95% CI 1.13-2.84) when compared to women (OR 1.18; 95% CI 0.86-1.62). Furthermore, a significant association was observed between xerosis and 'allergic asthma' in men (OR 2.13; 95% CI 1.08-4.19). CONCLUSION Our findings indicate an association between xerosis and asthma in men independent of atopic dermatitis and FLG mutations. Both facilitated allergen sensitization and secondary degradation of filaggrin following T-helper cell 2 inflammation might be key elements to understanding this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Engebretsen
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermato-Allergology, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - A Linneberg
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, the Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Glostrup Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - B H Thuesen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, the Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - P B Szecsi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - S Stender
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - T Menné
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermato-Allergology, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - J D Johansen
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermato-Allergology, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - J P Thyssen
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermato-Allergology, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
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Skaaby T, Husemoen LLN, Thyssen JP, Meldgaard M, Thuesen BH, Pisinger C, Jørgensen T, Carlsen K, Johansen JD, Menné T, Szecsi PB, Stender S, Linneberg A. Filaggrin loss-of-function mutations and incident cancer: a population-based study. Br J Dermatol 2014; 171:1407-14. [PMID: 24628370 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.12969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss-of-function mutations in the filaggrin gene (FLG) could have opposing effects on cancer risk, as mutations are associated with both 10% higher serum vitamin D levels, which may protect against cancer, and with impaired skin barrier function, which may lead to higher cancer susceptibility. OBJECTIVES To investigate the association of the FLG genotype and cancer types in four population-based cohorts. METHODS A total of 13,376 individuals were genotyped for FLG mutations. Information on cancer was obtained from the Danish Cancer Registry. Persons with a history of cancer at baseline were excluded from prospective analyses. RESULTS There were 1339 incident cancers (median follow-up 11·4 years). The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for FLG mutation carriers vs. wild types were: for any cancer (HR 0·95, 95% CI 0·78-1·16), any cancer excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) (HR 1·05, 95% CI 0·84-1·31), head and neck cancer (HR 1·72, 95% CI 0·71-4·15), colorectal cancer (HR 0·82, 95% CI 0·44-1·52), bronchus and lung cancer (HR 1·34, 95% CI 0·77-2·33), breast cancer (HR 0·58, 95% CI 0·30-1·14), uterine cancer (HR 0·42, 95% CI 0·06-3·10), prostate cancer (HR 1·09, 95% CI 0·61-1·94), urinary cancer (HR 1·30, 95% CI 0·51-3·29), malignant melanoma (HR 1·03, 95% CI 0·41-2·58) and NMSC (HR 0·70, 95% CI 0·47-1·05). Among participants aged over 60 years at baseline, we found statistically significant lower risks of all cancers and NMSC among FLG mutation carriers. CONCLUSIONS The only significant associations between FLG loss-of-function mutations and cancer were in subgroup analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Skaaby
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Nordre Ringvej 57, DK-2600, Glostrup, Denmark
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11
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Fenger RV, Gonzalez-Quintela A, Linneberg A, Husemoen LLN, Thuesen BH, Aadahl M, Vidal C, Skaaby T, Sainz JC, Calvo E. The relationship of serum triglycerides, serum HDL, and obesity to the risk of wheezing in 85,555 adults. Respir Med 2013; 107:816-24. [PMID: 23465506 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2013.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Revised: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma has been linked to obesity and the presence of the metabolic syndrome. OBJECTIVE To explore which components of the metabolic syndrome that were associated with wheezing, a main symptom of asthma. Further, to explore whether these associations were different in individuals with and without rhinitis symptoms. METHODS We used data from the Ibermutuamur Cardiovascular Risk Assessment Plan (ICARIA) including 85,555 Spanish workers (median age = 34, range = 16-75 years) with assessments of self reported wheezing and rhinitis symptoms. Fasting blood samples were analysed for serum triglyceride (s-TG), HDL (s-HDL) and glucose; blood pressure, waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) were measured. RESULTS In mutually adjusted analyses including all components of the metabolic syndrome and possible confounders, elevated WC (or BMI), elevated s-TG and low s-HDL were significantly associated with wheezing. Odds ratio (OR) with confidence interval (CI) were: elevated WC = 1.54 (1.46-1.62), elevated s-TG = 1.24 (1.18-1.30), low s-HDL = 1.17 (1.12-1.22). These associations were stronger in individuals without than in those with rhinitis symptoms, OR's (CI's) were WC = without rhinitis 1.70 (1.57-1.85) vs. with rhinitis 1.47 (1.37-1.58). Elevated s-TG = without rhinitis 1.36 (1.26-1.46) vs. with rhinitis 1.21 (1.13-1.29). Low s-HDL = without rhinitis 1.24 (1.15-1.34) vs. with rhinitis 1.11 (1.04-1.18). CONCLUSIONS High s-TG and low s-HDL were associated with wheezing after adjustment for adiposity. This may substantiate elevated s-TG and lowered s-HDL as markers or inducers of inflammation associated disease. The study supports the notion that these biochemical markers have differential effects on different types of wheezing.
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Affiliation(s)
- R V Fenger
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Denmark.
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12
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Husemoen LLN, Skaaby T, Thuesen BH, Jørgensen T, Fenger RV, Linneberg A. Serum 25(OH)D and incident type 2 diabetes: a cohort study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2012; 66:1309-14. [PMID: 23031851 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2012.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Mild to moderate vitamin D insufficiency has been proposed as a risk factor for several common chronic diseases including type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to examine the association between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) and incident diabetes. SUBJECTS/METHODS The MONICA10 cohort consists of 2656 participants (men and women aged 41-71 years) who participated in a 10-year follow-up examination during 1993-1994 as part of the MONICA 1 population survey. A total of 2571 participants free of diabetes at baseline and with successful measurement of serum 25(OH)D were included in the current study. The Danish National Diabetes register enabled identification of 288 cases of incident diabetes during follow-up (median: 16.4 years). Data were analysed by Cox proportional hazard models and associations were expressed as hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Serum 25(OH)D was inversely associated with incident diabetes adjusted for potential confounders (HR per 25 nmol/l=0.83; 95% CI: 0.72-0.95; P=0.009). A statistically significant interaction was observed between 25(OH)D and waist circumference (WC) (P(interaction)=0.042) suggesting an association in persons with a high WC (HR (95%CI) per 25 nmol/l=0.74 (0.63-0.88), 218 incident cases) and not in persons with a normal WC (HR (95%CI) per 25 nmol/l=0.98 (0.78-1.24), 70 incident cases). CONCLUSIONS Low serum 25(OH)D was associated independently with incident diabetes. The inverse association was only found in overweight-obese and not in normal weight individuals, suggesting that obesity may modify the effect of vitamin D status on the risk of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L N Husemoen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup Hospital, Nordre Ringvej 57, Glostrup, Denmark.
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13
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Thuesen BH, Husemoen LLN, Ovesen L, Jørgensen T, Fenger M, Gilderson G, Linneberg A. Atopy, asthma, and lung function in relation to folate and vitamin B(12) in adults. Allergy 2010; 65:1446-54. [PMID: 20456312 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2010.02378.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies suggested low serum folate and impaired folate metabolism as potential risk factors for development of asthma and atopic disease, but the results are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to investigate the relations of markers of folate and vitamin B₁₂ (B₁₂) deficiency with different phenotypes of asthma and atopy. METHODS A random sample of 6784 persons from a general population aged 30-60 years participated in a health examination in 1999-2001, and 4516 (66.6%) of those also participated in a follow-up examination 5 years later. The examinations included spirometry, measurements of serum folate and B₁₂, specific IgE to inhalant allergens, total IgE, and genotyping of the MTHFR-C677T polymorphism - a genetic marker of impaired folate metabolism. Information about dietary intake of folate and B₁₂, asthma diagnosis, and airway symptoms was obtained by questionnaires. RESULTS Low serum folate levels and the TT genotype of the MTHFR-C677T polymorphism were associated with increased prevalence of self-reported doctor-diagnosed asthma [odds ratio (OR) 1.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05-1.79 and OR 1.52; 95% CI 1.12-2.06, respectively] and attacks of shortness of breath (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.14-1.79 and OR 1.47; 95% CI: 1.14-1.91, respectively). We found no significant associations with lung function or atopic outcomes. Serum levels of B₁₂ and dietary intake of folate and B₁₂ were not associated with asthma or atopy. CONCLUSIONS We found that two objective markers of folate deficiency were associated with self-reported doctor-diagnosed asthma and attacks of shortness of breath, but not with lung function or atopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Thuesen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, The Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark.
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Husemoen LLN, Linneberg A, Fenger M, Thuesen BH, Jørgensen T. Changes in lifestyle, biological risk factors and total homocysteine in relation to MTHFR C677T genotype: a 5-year follow-up study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2009; 63:1233-40. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2009.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND There is accumulating evidence that obesity is associated with an increased risk of asthma. It has been hypothesized that insulin resistance may be involved in obesity-induced asthma, but till date there is no prospective data on this issue. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of obesity and insulin resistance with the incidence of asthma-like symptoms in adults. METHODS Out of a random sample of 12 934 persons from a general population, 6784 (52.5%) were included and participated in a health examination in 1999-2001. After 5 years they were re-invited and 4516 (66.6%) participated at follow-up. At baseline three obesity measures were considered: body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio. In addition, fasting glucose and insulin were measured for determination of insulin resistance. Information on asthma-like symptoms at baseline and follow-up were obtained by questionnaires. A total of 3441 participants defined as non-asthmatic at baseline and with complete information on all the considered variables were included in the analyses. Data were controlled for confounding by sex, age, social status, and smoking. RESULTS All obesity measures were associated with incident wheezing and asthma-like symptoms. In addition, insulin resistance was associated with incident wheezing [odds ratio (OR) 1.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.38-2.54] and asthma-like symptoms (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.23-2.10). The effect of insulin resistance was stronger than that of obesity and was independent of sex. CONCLUSION We found that insulin resistance was associated with an increased risk of developing asthma-like symptoms. This finding supports the hypothesis that obesity and asthma may be linked through inflammatory pathways also involved in insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Thuesen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark.
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