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Mackenzie EM, Sanabria B, Tchack M, Khan S, Rao B. Investigating the diagnostic accuracy of GPT-4's novel image analytics feature in dermatology. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2024. [PMID: 38595324 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.20006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- E M Mackenzie
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - B Sanabria
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
- Center for Dermatology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Somerset, New Jersey, USA
| | - M Tchack
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - S Khan
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
- Center for Dermatology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Somerset, New Jersey, USA
| | - B Rao
- Center for Dermatology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Somerset, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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McMahon BJ, Shrestha P, Thode HC, Morley EJ, Rao B, Tawfik GA, Adhiyaman A, Devitt C, Godbole N, Pizzuti J, Shah K, Willems B, McKenna P, Singer AJ. Impact of HEART Score Decision Aid on Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography Utilization and Diagnostic Yield in the Emergency Department. Crit Pathw Cardiol 2023; 22:45-49. [PMID: 37220658 DOI: 10.1097/hpc.0000000000000318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Emergency physicians are challenged to efficiently and reliably risk stratify patients presenting with chest pain (CP) to optimize diagnostic testing and avoid unnecessary hospital admissions. The objective of our study was to evaluate the impact of a HEART score-based decision aid (HSDA) integrated in the electronic health record on coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) utilization and diagnostic yield in adult emergency department (ED) CP patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome. METHODS We conducted a before and after study to determine whether implementation of a mandatory computerized HSDA would reduce CCTA utilization in ED CP patients and improve the diagnostic yield of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) (≥50%). We included all adult ED CP patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome during the first 6 months of 2018 (before) and 2020 (after) at a large academic center. CCTA utilization and obstructive CAD yield were compared in patients before and after implementing the HSDA using χ2 tests. Secondarily, we assessed the association of HEART scores and CCTA results. RESULTS Of the 3095 CP patients during the before study period, 733 underwent CCTA. Of the 2692 CP patients during the after study period, 339 underwent CCTA. CCTA utilization before and after HSDA was 23.4% [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 22.2-25.2] and 12.6% (95% CI, 11.4-13.0), respectively; mean difference was 11.1% (95% CI, 0.9-13.0). Among 1072 patients undergoing CCTA, mean (SD) age and percent females before versus after HSDA were 54 (11) versus 56 (11) years and 50% versus 49%, respectively. We included 1014 patients (686 before and 328 after) for the yield analysis. Obstructive CAD was present in 15% (95% CI, 12.7-17.9) and 20.1% (95% CI, 16.1-24.7) before and after HSDA, respectively; mean difference was 4.9% (95% CI, 0.1-10.1). CONCLUSIONS Implementation of a mandatory electronic health record HSDA aid reduced ED CCTA utilization by half and improved the diagnostic yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J McMahon
- From the Department of Emergency Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
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Razi S, Oh K, Ouellette S, Rao B. LB921 Role of VivaScope ® 2500 in skin pathology: Advantages, limitations, and future prospects. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Razi S, Ouellette S, Rao B. LB951 Assessing penetration, delivery, and mode of action of dissolving microneedle patches for reducing under-eye wrinkles using reflectance confocal microscopy. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Tabrez Z, Keshavamurthy K, Pathak P, Rao B, Harinatha H, Krishnappa K, Neelagar N, Subudhi S. Supine vs. prone percutaneous nephrolithotomy - a randomised comparative study. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)01089-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Guo W, Zhang F, Yang S, Rao B, Wang Y, Li X, Li S. Erratum to: TWO COORDINATION POLYMERS CONTAINING 4,4′-DI(1H-BENZO[D]IMIDAZOL-1-YL)BIPHENYL LIGAND: CRYSTAL STRUCTURES AND ANTICANCER ACTIVITY ON HUMAN MULTIPLE MYELOMA CELLS. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476621010200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Guo W, Zhang F, Yang S, Rao B, Wang Y, Li X, Li S. Two Coordination Polymers Containing 4,4′-Di(1H-Benzo[D]Imidazol-1-yl)Biphenyl Ligand: Crystal Structures and Anticancer Activity on Human Multiple Myeloma Cells. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476620050145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Wu X, Durand D, Rao B, Malhotra A. Regarding "MR Imaging of the Cervical Spine in Nonaccidental Trauma: A Tertiary Institution Experience". AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2017; 38:E30. [PMID: 28209585 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- X Wu
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging Yale School of Medicine New Haven, Connecticut
| | - D Durand
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging Yale School of Medicine New Haven, Connecticut
| | - B Rao
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging Yale School of Medicine New Haven, Connecticut
| | - A Malhotra
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging Yale School of Medicine New Haven, Connecticut
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Rao B, Segovia MC, Kazimi M, Parekh R, Raoufi M, Jafri SM. Use of Everolimus After Multivisceral Transplantation: A Report of Two Cases. Transplant Proc 2017; 48:485-8. [PMID: 27109983 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitors of mechanistic target of rapamycin are used in solid organ transplant procedures to avoid calcineurin inhibitor complications, including nephrotoxicity and malignancy. We present 2 cases of multivisceral transplantation for neuroendocrine tumor (NET) for which everolimus was implemented for its potential to prevent NET recurrence as well as preserve renal function. The first case was complicated by NET recurrence in the liver before initiation of everolimus. After initiation of everolimus, the patient developed a ventral hernia and elevated aminotransferase levels with nonspecific biopsy findings. The second case was complicated by cytomegalovirus infection with elevated everolimus trough levels as well as acute cellular rejection. Everolimus was reinitiated in both cases in addition to decreasing the dosage of tacrolimus, and there were no further complications. Everolimus was beneficial in stabilizing renal function in both patients and has the theoretical potential to prevent recurrence of NET.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Rao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - M C Segovia
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan.
| | - M Kazimi
- Division of Transplant and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - R Parekh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - M Raoufi
- Department of Pathology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - S-M Jafri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
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Rao B, Jafri SM, Kazimi M, Mullins K, Raoufi M, Segovia MC. A Case Report of Acute Cellular Rejection Following Intestinal Transplantation Managed With Adalimumab. Transplant Proc 2016; 48:536-8. [PMID: 27109995 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
There is a higher incidence of acute cellular rejection (ACR) in small bowel transplantation (SBT) compared with transplantation of other solid organs. Although there are reports on the use of infliximab to successfully treat ACR refractory to other treatments, there are no reports, to our knowledge, regarding the use of adalimumab. We present a case of a female patient with a history of Crohn's disease who underwent an isolated SBT and developed an episode of severe ACR. She was initially treated with methylprednisolone, thymoglobulin, basiliximab, and a dosage adjustment of tacrolimus. Results of repeat endoscopies and biopsies revealed no significant improvement. The patient initiated treatment with adalimumab every 2 weeks for a total of 6 months, in addition to maintenance treatment with prednisone and tacrolimus. Subsequent evaluations showed gradual improvement to normal mucosa and villi without ulceration. A regimen that incorporates adalimumab can thus be used to treat ACR after intestinal transplantation. Larger multicenter studies are needed to show the full efficacy of this therapeutic regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Rao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - S-M Jafri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - M Kazimi
- Division of Transplant and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - K Mullins
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - M Raoufi
- Department of Pathology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - M C Segovia
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan.
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Shao J, Rao B, Zhang M, Ma S, Liang X, Yu K, Pan Y. Study on paralleled inverters with current-sharing coupled inductors on J-TEXT Tokamak. Fusion Engineering and Design 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2016.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Rao B, Li D, Hu FR, Ding YH, Hu QM, Jin H. Fast island phase identification for tearing mode feedback control on J-TEXT tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:11D425. [PMID: 27910629 DOI: 10.1063/1.4960166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A new method to control the tearing mode (TM) in tokamaks has been proposed [Q. Hu and Q. Yu, Nucl. Fusion 56, 034001 (5pp.) (2016)], according to which, the external resonant magnetic perturbation needs to be applied in certain magnetic island phase regions. Therefore, it is very important to identify the helical phase of magnetic islands in real time. The TM in tokamak plasmas is normally rotating and carries magnetic oscillations, which are known as Mirnov oscillations and can be detected by Mirnov probes. When the O-point or X-point of the magnetic island passes through the probe, the signal will experience a zero-crossing. A poloidal Mirnov probe array and a corresponding island phase identification method are presented. A field-programmable gate array is used to provide the magnetic island helical phase in real time by using multichannel zero crossing detection. This system has been developed on the J-TEXT tokamak and works well. This paper introduces the establishment of the fast magnetic island phase identifying system.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - D Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - F R Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Y H Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Q M Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - H Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
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Rao B, Fathima S, Viswanath V, Prakash K, Padmini D, Reddy P. Novel Citric Acid Dendritic Hydrogels for the Delivery of Econazole Nitrate and its Antifungal Activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.7324/japs.2016.601213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kumar A, Kumarchandra R, Rai R, Rao B. Radiomodulatory Role of Psidium guajava Leaf Extracts against X-ray Induced Genotoxicity, Oxidative stress and Apoptosis in albino Wistar Rat Model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.7324/japs.2016.60310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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16
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Liu LJ, Yu KX, Zhang M, Zhuang G, Li X, Yuan T, Rao B, Zhao Q. Measurement of toroidal vessel eddy current during plasma disruption on J-TEXT. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:013501. [PMID: 26827315 DOI: 10.1063/1.4939035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we have employed a thin, printed circuit board eddy current array in order to determine the radial distribution of the azimuthal component of the eddy current density at the surface of a steel plate. The eddy current in the steel plate can be calculated by analytical methods under the simplifying assumptions that the steel plate is infinitely large and the exciting current is of uniform distribution. The measurement on the steel plate shows that this method has high spatial resolution. Then, we extended this methodology to a toroidal geometry with the objective of determining the poloidal distribution of the toroidal component of the eddy current density associated with plasma disruption in a fusion reactor called J-TEXT. The preliminary measured result is consistent with the analysis and calculation results on the J-TEXT vacuum vessel.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - K X Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - M Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - G Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - X Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - T Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - B Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Q Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
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Liu L, Rao B, Zhang M, Yu K, Zhuang G. Analysis of eddy currents in the two-half isolated vacuum vessel of an iron core tokamak. Fusion Engineering and Design 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2015.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Pan M, Zhang M, Li T, Zheng W, Zhao Q, Rao B, Zhuang G. Wide-band optical coupling isolation amplifier for the Joint TEXT tokamak. Fusion Engineering and Design 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2015.06.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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19
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Rao B. WE-EF-210-01: Advances in Coherent Image Formation and Volume Imaging in Ultrasound. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4926025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Yi B, Rao B, Ding YH, Li M, Xu HY, Zhang M, Zhuang G, Pan Y. A novel method to optimize the mode spectrum of the dynamic resonant magnetic perturbation on the J-TEXT tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:113501. [PMID: 25430110 DOI: 10.1063/1.4901092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic resonant magnetic perturbation (DRMP) system has been developed for the J-TEXT tokamak to study the interaction between the rotating perturbation magnetic field and the plasma. When the DRMP coils are energized by two phase sinusoidal currents with the same frequency, a 2/1 rotating resonant magnetic perturbation component will be generated. But at the same time, a small perturbation component rotating in the opposite direction is also produced because of the control error of the currents. This small component has bad influence on the experiment investigations. Actually, the mode spectrum of the generated DRMP can be optimized with an accurate control of phase difference between the two currents. In this paper, a new phase control method based on a novel all-digital phase-locked loop (ADPLL) is proposed. The proposed method features accurate phase control and flexible phase adjustment. Modeling and analysis of the proposed ADPLL is presented to guide the design of the parameters of the phase controller in order to obtain a better performance. Testing results verify the effectiveness of the ADPLL and validity of the method applying to the DRMP system.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - B Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Y H Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - M Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - H Y Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - M Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - G Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Tan
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - M. Zhang
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - B. Rao
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Y. Yang
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Y. H. Ding
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - G. Zhuang
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wuhan 430074, China
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Rao B, Wang G, Ding Y, Yu K, Li Q, Wang N, Yi B, Nan J, Cen Y, Hu Q, Jin W, Li J, Jin H, Zhang M, Zhuang G. Introduction to resonant magnetic perturbation coils of the J-TEXT Tokamak. Fusion Engineering and Design 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2014.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ding YH, Wang NC, Rao B, Jin XS, Chen ZP, Hu QM, Jin H, Jin W, Li JC, Xie SJ, Yi B, Zhuang G, Pan Y. Analytical compensation of axisymmetric equilibrium fluxes picked up by locked mode detectors in tokamaks. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:043502. [PMID: 24784602 DOI: 10.1063/1.4870416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In the detection of locked modes using saddle loops, the problem of how to remove the axisymmetric equilibrium flux picked up by the loops has still to be solved. The problem becomes more difficult when there are conductive structures located near the saddle loops. In this paper, we present an analytical model based on lumped eddy current circuits and use it to interpret the measured equilibrium flux and the corresponding eddy current fluxes. Using this model, precise compensation for fluxes induced by the horizontal field coils and the toroidal field coils, with relative errors of less than 1%, has been realized for the saddle loops in the Joint Texas Experimental Tokamak. This paper also presents a new method to compensate for the detection of equilibrium flux by the locked mode detector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, and School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - N C Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, and School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - B Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, and School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - X S Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, and School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Z P Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, and School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Q M Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, and School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - H Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, and School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - W Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, and School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - J C Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, and School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - S J Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, and School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - B Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, and School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - G Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, and School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Y Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, and School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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Jin W, Chen ZY, Huang DW, Li QL, Yan W, Luo YH, Lee SG, Shi YJ, Huang YH, Tong RH, Yang ZJ, Rao B, Ding YH, Zhuang G. Upgraded high time-resolved x-ray imaging crystal spectroscopy system for J-TEXT ohmic plasmas. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:023509. [PMID: 24593363 DOI: 10.1063/1.4864147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the upgraded x-ray imaging crystal spectrometer (XICS) system on Joint Texas Experimental Tokamak (J-TEXT) tokamak and the latest experimental results obtained in last campaign. With 500 Hz frame rate of the new Pilatus detector and 5 cm × 10 cm spherically bent crystal, the XICS system can provide core electron temperature (Te), core ion temperature (Ti), and plasma toroidal rotation (VΦ) with a maximum temporal resolution of 2 ms for J-TEXT pure ohmic plasmas. These parameters with high temporal resolution are very useful in tokamak plasma research, especially for rapidly changed physical processes. The experimental results from the upgraded XICS system are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Y Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - D W Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Q L Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - W Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Y H Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - S G Lee
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon 305-333, South Korea
| | - Y J Shi
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon 305-333, South Korea
| | - Y H Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - R H Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Z J Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - B Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Y H Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - G Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
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Rao B, Lain S, Thompson AM. p53-Based cyclotherapy: exploiting the 'guardian of the genome' to protect normal cells from cytotoxic therapy. Br J Cancer 2013; 109:2954-8. [PMID: 24231949 PMCID: PMC3859955 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Side effects of chemotherapy are a major impediment in the treatment of cancer. Cyclotherapy is an emerging therapeutic strategy for protecting normal cells from the side effects of chemotherapy. Low, non-genotoxic doses of known p53 activators can be used to induce p53-dependent cell cycle arrest in normal cells bearing wild-type p53. This cytostatic effect of p53 can protect normal cells from the toxicity of S- or M-phase poisons. Here, we have reviewed existing cyclotherapy regimens using two well-known p53 activators, nutlin-3 and actinomycin D. We have highlighted an exemplar clinical perspective for cyclotherapy in breast cancer. The recent development of novel stapled peptides as activators of p53 without the corresponding cytotoxicity holds great promise for cyclotherapy to enhance the therapeutic window of existing chemotherapy drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Rao
- Dundee Cancer Centre, University of Dundee; Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
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Yi B, Ding Y, Zhang M, Rao B, Nan J, Zeng W, Zheng M, Xu H, Zhuang G, Pan Y. Design of the power system for dynamic resonant magnetic perturbation coils on the J-TEXT tokamak. Fusion Engineering and Design 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2013.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Shen H, Yang Y, Xia S, Rao B, Zhang J, Wang J. Blockage of Nrf2 suppresses the migration and invasion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells in hypoxic microenvironment. Dis Esophagus 2013; 27:685-92. [PMID: 24028437 DOI: 10.1111/dote.12124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a critical cell protector by inducing phase two detoxifying and anti-oxidant enzymes in normal cells. But recently, numerous evidence show Nrf2 may play the same beneficial roles toward the cancer cells. Nrf2 is found upexpressed in lots of cancers and promote the proliferation and drug resistance. But studies about the role of Nrf2 in the metastases are few. It has been testified that the tumor cells are under hypoxic conditions. As an important anti-oxidant element, the expression of Nrf2 may be upregulated, which in turn promotes the tumor invasion and metastases in the hypoxic microenvironment. Our team found the expression of Nrf2 correlated with the lymph node metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by pathological sections of esophageal carcinoma patients. Further, the mechanism beneath it was studied in this paper. It was hypothesized that the hypoxia microenvironment transformed Nrf2 a friend to a foe. First, Eca-109 cells were treated with different concentration of CoCl2 . Western blot and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction showed that with the increase of the concentration of CoCl2 , the expression levels of Nrf2 and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) alpha were upregulated simultaneously. By analyzing the data, a significant correlation between Nrf2 and HIF-1 alpha in the protein levels was found. Further, blockage of Nrf2 mediated by shRNA suppressed the expression of HIF-1 alpha, hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1), and matrix metalloproteinase 2 but enhanced the expression of E-cadherin. In addition, the results of wound healing and invasion assay-verified blockage of Nrf2 suppressed the migration and invasion. So it was suggested that blockage of Nrf2 repressed the migration and invasion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells in the hypoxic microenvironment. HIF-1 alpha might be one of the downstream genes of Nrf2 regulated through Nrf2/HO-1 axis in the CoCl2 model. Nrf2 inhibition suppressed matrix metalloproteinase 2 and enhanced E-cadherin partly through HIF-1 alpha way.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Shen
- Department of Thoracic Oncosurgery, First Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; The Third Department of Journal Surgery, First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Rao B, Ding YH, Yu KX, Jin W, Hu QM, Yi B, Nan JY, Wang NC, Zhang M, Zhuang G. Measurement of 2∕1 intrinsic error field of Joint TEXT tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2013; 84:043504. [PMID: 23635193 DOI: 10.1063/1.4801461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The amplitude and spatial phase of the intrinsic error field of Joint TEXT (J-TEXT) tokamak were measured by scanning the spatial phase of an externally exerted resonant magnetic perturbation and fitting the mode locking thresholds. For a typical plasma with current of 180 kA, the amplitude of the 2∕1 component of the error field at the plasma edge is measured to be 0.31 G, which is about 1.8 × 10(-5) relative to the base toroidal field. The measured spatial phase is about 317° in the specified coordinate system (r, θ, ϕ) of J-TEXT tokamak. An analytical model based on the dynamics of rotating island is developed to verify the measured phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, and College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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Li J, Qu J, Zhang X, Zhang C, Liu Y, Cao H, Zhang W, Wang Y, Chen H, Chen G, Zheng Z, Shen M, Cheng Z, Tang J, Zhen H, Liao K, Chen C, Yang H, Tian Z, Zhang H, Hua S, Rao B, Wang N, Zhang Q, Liu T, Chen S, Wang L, Yi X. Characterization of 236 novel alleles at the HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DQB1 and -DPB1 loci from China Marrow Donor Program. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 78:267-70. [PMID: 21732917 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2011.01731.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Two hundred and thirty-six novel human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles are described from volunteer donors of the China Marrow Donor Program: 71 HLA-A alleles, 79 HLA-B alleles, 43 HLA-C, 16 HLA-DRB1 alleles, 26 HLA-DQB1 and 1 HLA-DPB1. Two hundred and thirteen (90.3%) of the 236 novel alleles are single nucleotide substitution variants when compared with their most homologous allele. Seventy-eight of these single nucleotide variants are silent substitutions. The remaining novel alleles differ from their most similar allele by two to four nucleotide substitutions. Some of the novel alleles encode amino acid changes at positions not previously reported to be polymorphic, such as codons 57, 62, 67, 41 and 52 in HLA-A alleles; codons 133, 156, 201 and 215 in HLA-B alleles; codons 74, 208 and 225 in HLA-C; codons 25, 32 and 72 in HLA-DRB1; codons 20, 39 and 77 in HLA-DQB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Li
- Beijing Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, Shenzhen, China.
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Qiu SS, Zhuang G, Zhang M, Xia DH, Rao B, Zhang XQ, Pan Y, Gentle K. New printed circuit boards magnetic coils in the vacuum vessel of J-TEXT tokamak for position measurement. Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:10E125. [PMID: 21033989 DOI: 10.1063/1.3494264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Four sets of magnetic diagnostic coils, which are printed on machinable ceramic printed circuit boards (PCB), are designed, fabricated, installed, and tested in the Joint Texas Experimental Tokamak (J-TEXT) vacuum vessel for detecting the plasma radial and vertical displacements relative to the geometric center of the vacuum vessel in Ohmic discharges. Each coordinate is determined by a pair of variable cross-section Rogowski and saddle coils, which measure the tangential and normal magnetic fields (relative to the coil surface). These coils are suitable for mass production and offer advantages in vacuum compatibility and temperature tolerance that are important for J-TEXT. Position measurements using PCB coils are compared with those from soft x-ray image system and match the position well.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Qiu
- College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
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Chen K, Song L, Rao B, Zhu T, Zhang YT. Nitric oxide plays a role as second messenger in the ultraviolet-B irradiated green alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2010; 55:53-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s12223-010-0009-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2008] [Revised: 06/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Rao B, Jayachitra G, Sudhakar N, Anchoori R, Roy S, Banerjee R. Stereoselective Synthesis and Biological Studies of the C2 and C3 Epimer and the Enantiomer of Pachastrissamine (Jaspine B). SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1217096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Oliver-Africano P, Dickens S, Ahmed Z, Bouras N, Cooray S, Deb S, Knapp M, Hare M, Meade M, Reece B, Bhaumik S, Harley D, Piachaud J, Regan A, Ade Thomas D, Karatela S, Rao B, Dzendrowskyj T, Lenôtre L, Watson J, Tyrer P. Overcoming the barriers experienced in conducting a medication trial in adults with aggressive challenging behaviour and intellectual disabilities. J Intellect Disabil Res 2010; 54:17-25. [PMID: 19627427 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2009.01195.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aggressive challenging behaviour in people with intellectual disability (ID) is frequently treated with antipsychotic drugs, despite a limited evidence base. METHOD A multi-centre randomised controlled trial was undertaken to investigate the efficacy, adverse effects and costs of two commonly prescribed antipsychotic drugs (risperidone and haloperidol) and placebo. RESULTS The trial faced significant problems in recruitment. The intent was to recruit 120 patients over 2 years in three centres and to use a validated aggression scale (Modified Overt Aggression Scale) score as the primary outcome. Despite doubling the period of recruitment, only 86 patients were ultimately recruited. CONCLUSIONS Variation in beliefs over the efficacy of drug treatment, difficulties within multidisciplinary teams and perceived ethical concerns over medication trials in this population all contributed to poor recruitment. Where appropriate to the research question cluster randomised trials represent an ethically and logistically feasible alternative to individually randomised trials.
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Tyrer P, Oliver-Africano P, Romeo R, Knapp M, Dickens S, Bouras N, Ahmed Z, Cooray S, Deb S, Murphy D, Hare M, Meade M, Reece B, Kramo K, Bhaumik S, Harley D, Regan A, Thomas D, Rao B, Karatela S, Lenôtre L, Watson J, Soni A, Crawford M, Eliahoo J, North B. Neuroleptics in the treatment of aggressive challenging behaviour for people with intellectual disabilities: a randomised controlled trial (NACHBID). Health Technol Assess 2009; 13:iii-iv, ix-xi, 1-54. [PMID: 19397849 DOI: 10.3310/hta13210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE(S) To assess the effects and cost-effectiveness of haloperidol, risperidone and placebo on aggressive challenging behaviour in adults with intellectual disability. DESIGN A double-blind randomised controlled trial of two drugs and placebo administered in flexible dosage, with full, independent assessments of aggressive and aberrant behaviour, global improvement, carer burden, quality of life and adverse drug effects at baseline, 4, 12 and 26 weeks, and comparison of total care costs in the 6 months before and after randomisation. At 12 weeks, patients were given the option of leaving the trial or continuing until 26 weeks. Assessments of observed aggression were also carried out with key workers at weekly intervals throughout the trial. SETTING Patients were recruited from all those being treated by intellectual disability services in eight sites in England, one in Wales and one in Queensland, Australia. PARTICIPANTS Patients from all severity levels of intellectual disability; recruitment was extended to include those who may have been treated with neuroleptic drugs in the past. EXCLUSION CRITERIA treatment with depot neuroleptics/another form of injected neuroleptic medication within the last 3 months; continuous oral neuroleptic medication within the last week; those under a section of the Mental Health Act 1983 or Queensland Mental Health Act 2000. INTERVENTIONS Randomisation to treatment with haloperidol (a typical neuroleptic drug), risperidone (an atypical neuroleptic drug) or placebo using a permuted blocks procedure. Dosages were: haloperidol 1.25-5.0 mg daily; risperidone 0.5-2.0 mg daily. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Primary: reduction in aggressive episodes between baseline and 4 weeks using Modified Overt Aggression Scale. Secondary: Aberrant Behaviour Checklist; Uplift/Burden Scale; 40-item Quality of Life Questionnaire; Udvalg for Kliniske Undersøgelser scale; Clinical Global Impressions scale. Economic costs recorded using a modified version of Client Service Receipt Inventory for 6 months before and after randomisation. RESULTS There were considerable difficulties in recruitment because of ethical and consent doubts. Twenty-two clinicians recruited a total of 86 patients. Mean daily dosages were 1.07 mg rising to 1.78 mg for risperidone and 2.54 mg rising to 2.94 mg for haloperidol. Aggression declined dramatically with all three treatments by 4 weeks, with placebo showing the greatest reduction (79%, versus 57% for combined drugs) (p = 0.06). Placebo-treated patients showed no evidence of inferior response in comparison to patients receiving neuroleptic drugs. An additional study found that clinicians who had not participated in clinical trials before were less likely to recruit. Mean total cost of accommodation, services, informal care and treatment over the 6 months of the trial was 16,336 pounds for placebo, 17,626 pounds for haloperidol and 18,954 pounds for risperidone. CONCLUSIONS There were no significant important benefits conferred by treatment with risperidone or haloperidol, and treatment with these drugs was not cost-effective. While neuroleptic drugs may be of value in the treatment of aggressive behaviour in some patients with intellectual disability, the underlying pathology needs to be evaluated before these are given. The specific diagnostic indications for such treatment require further investigation. Prescription of low doses of neuroleptic drugs in intellectual disability on the grounds of greater responsiveness and greater liability to adverse effects also needs to be re-examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Tyrer
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
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Easwer H, Bhattacharya R, Nair S, Rao B, Menon G, Abraham M, Kumar K. Precoronal, Paramedian Minicraniotomy: A Minimal Access Approach for Microsurgical, Transcallosal, Transforaminal Removal of Colloid Cysts of the Third Ventricle. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 51:253-7. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1082300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Yu S, Dehing-Oberije C, De Ruysscher D, van Beek K, Lievens Y, Van Meerbeeck J, De Neve W, Fung G, Rao B, Lambin P. Development, External Validation and Further Improvement of a Prediction Model for Survival of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated with (Chemo) Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.06.900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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van Stiphout R, Yu S, Lammering G, Buijsen J, Gambacorta M, Gava M, Rao B, Valentini V, Capirci C, Lambin P. Development and Validation of a Highly Predictive Model for Pathologic Complete Response after Chemoradiotherapy in Rectal Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.06.438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Rao B, Katz B, Wei N, Park P. Will Skin Pathologists ever be Replaced by Noninvasive Diagnostic Tools (Computers)? J Cutan Pathol 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.0303-6987.2005.320fx.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lambin P, Dehing C, De Ruysscher D, Dekker A, Persoon L, Yu S, Rao B. TU-D-AUD A-02: Machine Learning Based Clinical Research: The Example of Lung Cancer. Med Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2962571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Oliver PC, Crawford MJ, Rao B, Reece B, Tyrer P. Modified Overt Aggression Scale (MOAS) for People with Intellectual Disability and Aggressive Challenging Behaviour: A Reliability Study. J Appl Res Int Dis 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3148.2006.00346.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kantam M, Choudary B, Rao B, Reddy R. A Mild and Efficient Method for N-Arylation of Nitrogen Heterocycles with Aryl Halides Catalyzed by Cu(II)-NaY Zeolite. Synlett 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-949615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Farmer L, Britt S, Cottrell K, Court J, Courtney L, Deininger D, Gates C, Harbeson S, Lin K, Lin C, Luong Y, Maxwell J, Pitlik J, Rao B, Schairer W, Thomson J, Tung R, Van Drie J, Wei Y, Perni R. Inhibitors of Hepatitis C Virus NS3.4A Protease: P2 Proline Variants. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2005. [DOI: 10.2174/157018005774479203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Oliver PC, Piachaud J, Tyrer P, Regan A, Dack M, Alexander R, Bakala A, Cooray S, Done DJ, Rao B. Randomized controlled trial of assertive community treatment in intellectual disability: the TACTILD study. J Intellect Disabil Res 2005; 49:507-15. [PMID: 15966958 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2005.00706.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been a policy shift away from hospital to community in the services of all those with psychiatric disorders, including those with intellectual disability (ID), in the last 50 years. This has been accompanied recently by the growth of assertive outreach services, but these have not been evaluated in ID services. METHOD In a randomized controlled trial we compared assertive outreach with 'standard' community care, using global assessment of function (GAF) as the primary outcome measure, and burden and quality of life as secondary measures. RESULTS We recruited 30 patients, considerably less than expected; no significant differences were found between the primary and secondary outcomes in the two groups. The differences were so small that a Type II error was unlikely. CONCLUSIONS Reasons for this lack of specific efficacy of the assertive approach are discussed and it is suggested that there is a blurring of the differences between standard and assertive approaches in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- P C Oliver
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Paterson Centre, London, UK.
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Gudipati M, D'Souza J, Dharmadhikari J, Dharmadhikari A, Rao B, Mathur D. Optically-controllable, micron-sized motor based on live cells. Opt Express 2005; 13:1555-1560. [PMID: 19495031 DOI: 10.1364/opex.13.001555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate rotation of live Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells in an optical trap; the speed and direction of rotation are amenable to control by varying the optical trapping force. Cells rotate with a frequency of 60-100 rpm; functional flagella are shown to play a decisive role in rotation. The rotating cells generate torque (typically ~7500-12000 pN nm) that is much larger than that generated chemically by a dynein head in vitro (40 pN nm). The total force associated with a rotating live cell (~10 pN) suggests that activity of only a small fraction (~5%) of dynein molecules per beat cycle is sufficient to generate flagellar motion.
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Tyrer P, Cooper S, Seivewright H, Duggan C, Rao B, Hogue T. Temporal reliability of psychological assessments for patients in a special hospital with severe personality disorder: a preliminary note. Crim Behav Ment Health 2005; 15:87-92. [PMID: 16470502 DOI: 10.1002/cbm.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The new programme for assessing those with dangerous and severe personality disorder relies heavily on psychological assessments of personality disorder and risk. METHODS The temporal reliability of assessments of psychopathy (PCL-R), risk (HCR-20) and personality was assessed using the International Personality Disorder Examination (IPDE) in 15 randomly selected male prisoners in a high secure hospital carried out at intervals varying between a mean of nine and 19 months after initial assessments by a variety of assessors. RESULTS Using the intra-class correlation coefficient the agreement varied between 0.57 (HCR-20), 0.58 (PCL-R) and 0.38-0.70 for IPDE personality disorders, with the best agreement for antisocial personality disorder (0.70). COMMENT These levels of agreement are consistent with other recent work on temporal reliability of personality instruments but are a little too low for confidence in these measures alone in the assessment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Tyrer
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK.
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Dundar M, Fung G, Bogoni L, Macari M, Megibow A, Rao B. A methodology for training and validating a CAD system and potential pitfalls. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ics.2003.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Chen YB, Cheng Q, Rao B, Qin L. [Improvement of a method for separation and determination of amino acids]. Se Pu 2001; 19:560-3. [PMID: 12545476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A method for separation and determination of amino acids using pre-column derivatization with 6-aminoquinoline-N-hydroxysuccinimido-carbamate (AccQ. Tag) was improved. The technique developed for rapid separation and determination of amino acids by AccQ. Tag method is described. The 18 amino acids and taurine are rapidly separated and determined by AccQ. Tag special chromatographic column(3.9 mm i.d. x 150 mm) within 17.5 min(the analysis period is 22.5 min) by changing the flow rate from 1.0 mL/min to 2.0 mL/min. In place of the AccQ. Tag special chromatographic column, the Nova-Pak C18 column(3.9 mm i.d. x 150 mm), Nova-Pak C18 column(4.6 mm i.d. x 150 mm), Symmetry C18 column(3.9 mm i.d. x 150 mm) or Waters Xterra RP-18 column, can be used to separate and determine the amino acids rapidly in the same manner. But among them the Symmetry C18 column is the best substitute for AccQ. Tag column. The separation time is 14.5 min and the analysis period is 20.0 min only. The price is much cheaper than the AccQ. Tag column.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Chen
- Southern Potato Research Centre in Enshi, Enshi 445000, China
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