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Moroni A, Brizola E, Di Cecco A, Tremosini M, Sergiampietri M, Bianchi A, Tappino B, Piana M, Gnoli M. Pathological mandibular fracture complicated by osteonecrosis in an adult patient with pycnodysostosis: clinical report and review of the literature. Eur J Med Genet 2024; 67:104904. [PMID: 38141876 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2023.104904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Pycnodysostosis is an ultra-rare osteosclerotic skeletal disorder characterized by short stature, susceptibly to fractures, acroosteolysis of the distal phalanges, and craniofacial features (frontal bossing, prominent nose, obtuse mandibular angle, micrognathia). Dental abnormalities (delayed eruption of teeth, hypodontia, malocclusion, dental crowding, persistence of deciduous teeth, enamel hypoplasia, and increased caries) are also frequent; due to bone metabolism alteration, the patients have an increased risk for jaw osteomyelitis, especially after tooth extraction or mandible fracture. Other complications are obstructive sleep apnea, endocrine alterations and cytopenia. Pycnodysostosis is caused by biallelic loss of function variants in CTSK gene, coding the lysosomal protease cathepsin K. CTSK is involved in the degradation of bone matrix proteins, such as type I and type II collagen. In pycnodysostosis, this degradation is decreased, leading to increased bone density and bone fragility with pathological fractures and poor healing. We present a clinical report of a female adult patient with typical pycnodysostosis phenotype. At the age of 52 years, she had a pathological spontaneous fracture of the right mandible complicated by osteonecrosis, treated with load bearing osteosynthesis. The direct sequencing of CTSK gene revealed the presence of the pathogenic homozygous variant c.746T>A, (p.Ile249Asn), that confirmed the diagnosis of pycnodysostosis. We also review the literature case series published to date, that suggest to always consider the diagnosis of pycnodysostosis in case of osteosclerosis, even in the absence of brachydactyly or short stature. This report details the natural history of the disease in this patient, from childhood to adulthood, and highlights the importance of a quality of life assessment. In addition, we describe a case of mandibular osteonecrosis and spontaneous fracture in pycnodysostosis, drawing attention on the maxillofacial complications in these patients and on the importance of a personalized follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Moroni
- Department of Rare Skeletal Disorders, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Evelise Brizola
- Department of Rare Skeletal Disorders, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Alessia Di Cecco
- Department of Rare Skeletal Disorders, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Morena Tremosini
- Department of Rare Skeletal Disorders, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Marta Sergiampietri
- Maxillo Facial Surgery Unit, CHIRMED Department, University of Catania, AOU Policlinico San Marco, Catania, Italy.
| | - Alberto Bianchi
- Maxillo Facial Surgery Unit, CHIRMED Department, University of Catania, AOU Policlinico San Marco, Catania, Italy; Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy.
| | - Barbara Tappino
- LABSIEM (Laboratory for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism), IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Maria Piana
- U.O.C. Anatomia Patologica II, Dipartimento di Diagnostica delle Immagini e di Laboratorio, A.O.U. Policlinico - San Marco, Catania, Italy.
| | - Maria Gnoli
- Department of Rare Skeletal Disorders, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
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Crocco M, Malerba F, Calvi A, Zampatti N, Gandullia P, Madeo A, Tappino B, Proietti S, Bonassi S. Health-related quality of life in children with coeliac disease and in their families: A long-term follow-up study. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2024; 78:105-112. [PMID: 38291681 DOI: 10.1002/jpn3.12049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to assess long-term health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children and adolescents with coeliac disease (CD), and their parents. METHODS We re-evaluated prospectively the HRQoL and clinical characteristics of 80 families, assessed 5 years earlier, using a disease-specific questionnaire, the CD Dutch Questionnaire (CDDUX), and a generic questionnaire, the Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL). RESULTS After a 10-year follow-up, there was no significant change in the total CDDUX and PedsQL scores in children and their parents when compared to the evaluation conducted 5 years earlier. The total CDDUX score reflected a neutral QoL, while for the generic PedsQL was good-very good. The only significant decrease after 5 years was the PedsQL subdomain Emotional functioning. Patients who admitted voluntarily eating gluten reported lower score in CDDUX Diet. Lower scores in subdomain "Physical functioning" (PedsQL) were reported in patients with positivity of TTG or associated diseases. CONCLUSIONS The CDDUX score indicated a consistently stable and neutral QoL perception among coeliac patients and caregivers, even after 10-year postdiagnosis, suggesting minimal fluctuations in the impact of CD on disease-specific health domains over time. Furthermore, the consistently good PedsQL score could be a reflection of the resilience of coeliac families in coping with this chronic condition. Gluten-free diet compliance was confirmed to be determinant of HRQoL in the long term. The study confirms the importance of extending surveillance on these patients, possibly using different questionnaires, to assess QoL from different perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Crocco
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Federica Malerba
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Angela Calvi
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Noemi Zampatti
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Gandullia
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Annalisa Madeo
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Barbara Tappino
- Laboratory for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism (LABSIEM), IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Stefania Proietti
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Bonassi
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, Rome, Italy
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Pession A, Di Rocco M, Venturelli F, Tappino B, Morello W, Santoro N, Giordano P, Filippini B, Rinieri S, Russo G, Girardi K, Ruggiero A, Galea E, Antonucci R, Tovaglieri N, Porta F, Tartaglione I, Giona F, Fagioli F, Burlina A. GAU-PED study for early diagnosis of Gaucher disease in children with splenomegaly and cytopenia. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2023; 18:151. [PMID: 37328863 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-023-02760-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gaucher disease (GD) diagnosis can be delayed due to non-specific symptoms and lack of awareness, leading to unnecessary procedures and irreversible complications. GAU-PED study aims to assess GD prevalence in a high-risk pediatric population and the presence, if any, of novel clinical or biochemical markers associated with GD. MATERIALS AND METHODS DBS samples were collected and tested for β-glucocerebrosidase enzyme activity for 154 patients selected through the algorithm proposed by Di Rocco et al. Patients showing β-glucocerebrosidase activity below normal values were recalled to confirm the enzyme deficiency with the gold standard essay on cellular homogenate. Patients tested positive at the gold standard analysis were evaluated through GBA1 gene sequencing. RESULTS 14 out of 154 patients were diagnosed with GD, with a prevalence of 9.09% (5.06-14.78%, CI 95%). Hepatomegaly, thrombocytopenia, anemia, growth delay/deceleration, elevated serum ferritin, elevated Lyso-Gb1 and chitotriosidase were significantly associated with GD. CONCLUSIONS GD prevalence in a pediatric population at high-risk appeared to be higher compared to high-risk adults. Lyso-Gb1 was associated with GD diagnosis. The algorithm proposed by Di Rocco et al. can potentially improve the diagnostic accuracy of pediatric GD, allowing the prompt start of therapy, aiming to reduce irreversible complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pession
- Pediatric Unit, S. Orsola - Malpighi Clinic, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Giuseppe Massarenti 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maja Di Rocco
- Unit of Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Venturelli
- Pediatric Unit, S. Orsola - Malpighi Clinic, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Giuseppe Massarenti 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Barbara Tappino
- Unit of Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - William Morello
- Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplant Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Santoro
- Paediatric Oncology Department, Bari Policlinico General Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Giordano
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Aldo Moro University, Bari, Italy
| | - Beatrice Filippini
- SSD Oncoematologia Pediatrica U.O. Pediatria, Dipartimento Salute, Donna, Infanzia e Adolescenza Ospedale Infermi Rimini, Rimini, Italy
| | - Simona Rinieri
- Pediatric Onco-Hematology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Anna di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giovanna Russo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Paediatric Oncohematology Unit, University of Catania Medical School, 95122, Catania, Italy
| | - Katia Girardi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Ruggiero
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Eulalia Galea
- Department of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Pugliese Ciaccio Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Roberto Antonucci
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | | | - Immacolata Tartaglione
- Pediatric Hematology Unit, Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Università degli Studi della Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Fiorina Giona
- Hematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Franca Fagioli
- Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, TO, Italy
| | - Alberto Burlina
- Division of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Reference Centre Expanded Newborn Screening, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University Hospital, Padua, Italy
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Aloi C, Salina A, Caroli F, Bocciardi R, Tappino B, Bassi M, Minuto N, d'Annunzio G, Maghnie M. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) Target Approach for Undiagnosed Dysglycaemia. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13051080. [PMID: 37240725 DOI: 10.3390/life13051080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has revolutionized the field of genomics and created new opportunities for basic research. We described the strategy for the NGS validation of the "dysglycaemia panel" composed by 44 genes related to glucose metabolism disorders (MODY, Wolfram syndrome) and familial renal glycosuria using Ion AmpliSeq technology combined with Ion-PGM. Anonymized DNA of 32 previously genotyped cases with 33 different variants were used to optimize the methodology. Standard protocol was used to generate the primer design, library, template preparation, and sequencing. Ion Reporter tool was used for data analysis. In all the runs, the mean coverage was over 200×. Twenty-nine out of thirty three variants (96.5%) were detected; four frameshift variants were missed. All point mutations were detected with high sensitivity. We identified three further variants of unknown significance in addition to pathogenic mutations previously identified by Sanger sequencing. The NGS panel allowed us to identify pathogenic variants in multiple genes in a short time. This could help to identify several defects in children and young adults that have to receive the genetic diagnosis necessary for optimal treatment. In order not to lose any pathogenic variants, Sanger sequencing is included in our analytical protocol to avoid missing frameshift variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Aloi
- LABSIEM (Laboratory for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism), IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Salina
- LABSIEM (Laboratory for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism), IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Caroli
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Renata Bocciardi
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, 16100 Genoa, Italy
| | - Barbara Tappino
- LABSIEM (Laboratory for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism), IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Marta Bassi
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, 16100 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicola Minuto
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe d'Annunzio
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Mohamad Maghnie
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, 16100 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
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Ognibene M, Scala M, Iacomino M, Schiavetti I, Madia F, Traverso M, Guerrisi S, Di Duca M, Caroli F, Baldassari S, Tappino B, Romano F, Uva P, Vozzi D, Chelleri C, Piatelli G, Diana MC, Zara F, Capra V, Pavanello M, De Marco P. Moyamoya Vasculopathy in Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Pediatric Patients: The Role of Rare Variants of RNF213. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061916. [PMID: 36980803 PMCID: PMC10047491 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a neurocutaneous disorder caused by mutations in NF1 gene, coding for neurofibromin 1. NF1 can be associated with Moyamoya disease (MMD), and this association, typical of paediatric patients, is referred to as Moyamoya syndrome (MMS). MMD is a cerebral arteriopathy characterized by the occlusion of intracranial arteries and collateral vessel formation, which increase the risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic events. RNF213 gene mutations have been associated with MMD, so we investigated whether rare variants of RNF213 could act as genetic modifiers of MMS phenotype in a pediatric cohort of 20 MMS children, 25 children affected by isolated MMD and 47 affected only by isolated NF1. By next-generation re-sequencing (NGS) of patients' DNA and gene burden tests, we found that RNF213 seems to play a role only for MMD occurrence, while it does not appear to be involved in the increased risk of Moyamoya for MMS patients. We postulated that the loss of neurofibromin 1 can be enough for the excessive proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells, causing Moyamoya arteriopathy associated with NF1. Further studies will be crucial to support these findings and to elucidate the possible role of other genes, enhancing our knowledge about pathogenesis and treatment of MMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Ognibene
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Marcello Scala
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Università Degli Studi di Genova, 16145 Genova, Italy
| | - Michele Iacomino
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Irene Schiavetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università di Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Francesca Madia
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Monica Traverso
- U.O.C. Neurologia Pediatrica e Malattie Muscolari, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Sara Guerrisi
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Marco Di Duca
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Francesco Caroli
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Simona Baldassari
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Barbara Tappino
- LABSIEM (Laboratory for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism), IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Ferruccio Romano
- U.O.C. Genomica e Genetica Clinica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Paolo Uva
- Unità di Bioinformatica Clinica, Direzione Scientifica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Diego Vozzi
- Genomic Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Cristina Chelleri
- U.O.C. Neurologia Pediatrica e Malattie Muscolari, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Gianluca Piatelli
- U.O.C. Neurochirurgia, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Diana
- U.O.C. Neurologia Pediatrica e Malattie Muscolari, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Federico Zara
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Valeria Capra
- U.O.C. Genomica e Genetica Clinica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Marco Pavanello
- U.O.C. Neurochirurgia, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Patrizia De Marco
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
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Crocco M, Calvi A, Gandullia P, Malerba F, Mariani A, Di Profio S, Tappino B, Bonassi S. Assessing Health-Related Quality of Life in Children with Coeliac Disease: The Italian Version of CDDUX. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020485. [PMID: 33540585 PMCID: PMC7912899 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to assess Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of Italian children and their parents with coeliac disease (CD) using the Coeliac Disease Dutch Questionnaire (CDDUX). The CDDUX underwent a cross-cultural adaptation in a multi-step process, according to international guidelines. A total of 224 children aged between 8–18 years and their parents were prospectively recruited. Cronbach α coefficient was determined as a measure of internal consistency of the questionnaire and inter-children/parent reliability by intraclass correlation coefficient. Univariate and bivariate regression models were used to evaluate correlations between clinical variables and children and parents subclasses of CDDUX and overall mean Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL). The Italian CDDUX proved to be valid and reliable, mean CDDUX total score revealing a neutral evaluation of the quality of life in children 52.6 ± 17.2 and parents 49.5 ± 17.9 (p = 0.07) with strong correlation with PedsQL. The only clinical variable which appeared to affect significantly quality of life both in children and parents was the lower age. A comparison with our results showed remarkable differences in the HRQoL of populations of various nationalities. The Italian version of the CDDUX questionnaire is a simple and reliable tool for assessing the HRQoL in children and adolescents with CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Crocco
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, 16147 Genova, Italy;
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Child and Maternal Health, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Angela Calvi
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, 16147 Genova, Italy; (A.C.); (P.G.)
| | - Paolo Gandullia
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, 16147 Genova, Italy; (A.C.); (P.G.)
| | - Federica Malerba
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, 16147 Genova, Italy;
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Child and Maternal Health, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Anthea Mariani
- Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale Santo Spirito, 65124 Pescara, Italy;
| | - Sonia Di Profio
- Psychology Unit, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, 16147 Genova, Italy;
| | - Barbara Tappino
- LABSIEM (Laboratory for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism), IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, 16147 Genova, Italy;
| | - Stefano Bonassi
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, 00166 Rome, Italy;
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, 00166 Rome, Italy
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7
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Motta I, Consonni D, Stroppiano M, Benedetto C, Cassinerio E, Tappino B, Ranalli P, Borin L, Facchini L, Patriarca A, Barcellini W, Lanza F, Filocamo M, Cappellini MD. Predicting the probability of Gaucher disease in subjects with splenomegaly and thrombocytopenia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2594. [PMID: 33510429 PMCID: PMC7843616 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82296-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematologists are frequently involved in the diagnostic pathway of Gaucher disease type 1 (GD1) patients since they present several hematological signs. However, GD1 is mainly underdiagnosed because of a lack of awareness. In this multicenter study, we combine the use of a diagnostic algorithm with a simple test (β-glucosidase activity on Dried Blood Spot) in order to facilitate the diagnosis in a population presenting to the hematologist with splenomegaly and/or thrombocytopenia associated with other hematological signs. In this high-risk population, the prevalence of GD1 is 3.3%. We propose an equation that predicts the probability of having GD1 according to three parameters that are routinely evaluated: platelet count, ferritin, and transferrin saturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Motta
- General Medicine Unit, Rare Diseases Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Consonni
- Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Stroppiano
- Laboratorio Di Genetica Molecolare E Biobanche, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Elena Cassinerio
- General Medicine Unit, Rare Diseases Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Tappino
- Laboratorio Di Genetica Molecolare E Biobanche, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Ranalli
- Hemophilia and Rare Blood Diseases Centre, Oncology and Hematology Department, S. Spirito Hospital, Pescara, Italy
| | - Lorenza Borin
- Hematology Division, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Luca Facchini
- Division of Hematology, Azienda USL-IRCCS Di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Andrea Patriarca
- Division of Hematology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont and Ospedale Maggiore Della Carità, Novara, Italy
| | - Wilma Barcellini
- Hematology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Lanza
- Laboratorio Di Genetica Molecolare E Biobanche, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mirella Filocamo
- Laboratorio Di Genetica Molecolare E Biobanche, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Domenica Cappellini
- General Medicine Unit, Rare Diseases Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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8
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Velho RV, Harms FL, Danyukova T, Ludwig NF, Friez MJ, Cathey SS, Filocamo M, Tappino B, Güneş N, Tüysüz B, Tylee KL, Brammeier KL, Heptinstall L, Oussoren E, van der Ploeg AT, Petersen C, Alves S, Saavedra GD, Schwartz IV, Muschol N, Kutsche K, Pohl S. The lysosomal storage disorders mucolipidosis type II, type III alpha/beta, and type III gamma: Update on GNPTAB and GNPTG mutations. Hum Mutat 2019; 40:842-864. [PMID: 30882951 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the GNPTAB and GNPTG genes cause mucolipidosis (ML) type II, type III alpha/beta, and type III gamma, which are autosomal recessively inherited lysosomal storage disorders. GNPTAB and GNPTG encode the α/β-precursor and the γ-subunit of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)-1-phosphotransferase, respectively, the key enzyme for the generation of mannose 6-phosphate targeting signals on lysosomal enzymes. Defective GlcNAc-1-phosphotransferase results in missorting of lysosomal enzymes and accumulation of non-degradable macromolecules in lysosomes, strongly impairing cellular function. MLII-affected patients have coarse facial features, cessation of statural growth and neuromotor development, severe skeletal abnormalities, organomegaly, and cardiorespiratory insufficiency leading to death in early childhood. MLIII alpha/beta and MLIII gamma are attenuated forms of the disease. Since the identification of the GNPTAB and GNPTG genes, 564 individuals affected by MLII or MLIII have been described in the literature. In this report, we provide an overview on 258 and 50 mutations in GNPTAB and GNPTG, respectively, including 58 novel GNPTAB and seven novel GNPTG variants. Comprehensive functional studies of GNPTAB missense mutations did not only gain insights into the composition and function of the GlcNAc-1-phosphotransferase, but also helped to define genotype-phenotype correlations to predict the clinical outcome in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Voltolini Velho
- Section Cell Biology of Rare Diseases, Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frederike L Harms
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tatyana Danyukova
- Section Cell Biology of Rare Diseases, Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nataniel F Ludwig
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Post-Graduation Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mirella Filocamo
- Laboratorio di Genetica Molecolare e Biobanche, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Barbara Tappino
- Laboratorio di Genetica Molecolare e Biobanche, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Nilay Güneş
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa, Medicine School, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Beyhan Tüysüz
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa, Medicine School, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Karen L Tylee
- Willink Biochemical Genetics Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Saint Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Kathryn L Brammeier
- Willink Biochemical Genetics Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Saint Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Lesley Heptinstall
- Genomic Diagnostics Laboratory, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Saint Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Esmee Oussoren
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for LyMannose phosphorylation in health and diseasesosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ans T van der Ploeg
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for LyMannose phosphorylation in health and diseasesosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christine Petersen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Alves
- Department of Human Genetics, INSA, National Health Institute Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Porto, Portugal
| | - Gloria Durán Saavedra
- División de Pediatría, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ida V Schwartz
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Post-Graduation Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Nicole Muschol
- International Center for Lysosomal Disorders, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Kutsche
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Pohl
- Section Cell Biology of Rare Diseases, Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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9
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Furlan F, Rovelli A, Rigoldi M, Filocamo M, Tappino B, Friday D, Gasperini S, Mariani S, Izzi C, Bondioni MP, Gellera C, Venerando A, Villa N, Del Carmen Rodriguez Perez M, Pavan F, Biondi A, Parini R. A new case report of severe mucopolysaccharidosis type VII: diagnosis, treatment with haematopoietic cell transplantation and prenatal diagnosis in a second pregnancy. Ital J Pediatr 2018; 44:128. [PMID: 30442200 PMCID: PMC6238262 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-018-0566-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A new patient with severe mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) type VII is reported. Non-immune hydrops fetalis (NIHF) was diagnosed during pregnancy. At birth, he showed generalized hydrops and dysmorphic features typical of MPS. Many diagnoses were excluded before reaching the diagnosis of MPS VII at 8 months of life. During the first year of life he had frequent respiratory infections associated with restrictive and obstructive bronchopneumopathy and underwent three surgical interventions: decompression of the spinal cord at the craniocervical junction, bilateral inguinal hernia, and bilateral clubfoot. At 14 months of life he underwent successful haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). During the following 10 months, his bronchopneumopathy progressively worsened, needing chronic pharmacological treatment and O2 administration. The patient died of respiratory insufficiency during a respiratory syncytial virus infection at 25 months of age. Molecular analysis showed the homozygous variant c.1617C > T, leading to the synonymous mutation p.Ser539=. This caused aberrant splicing with partial skipping of exon 10 (r.1616_1653del38) and complete skipping of exon 9 (r.1392_1476del85; r.1616_1653del38). No transcript of normal size was evident. The parents were both confirmed to be carriers. In a subsequent pregnancy, a prenatal diagnosis showed an affected fetus. Ultrasound examination before abortion showed NIHF. The skin and placenta examination by electron microscopy showed foamy intracytoplasmic vacuoles with a weakly electron-dense substrate. MPS VII is a very rare disease but it is possible that some cases go undiagnosed for several reasons, including that MPS VII, and other lysosomal storage diseases, are not included in the work-up for NIHF in many institutions, and the presence of anasarca at birth may be confounding for the recognition of the typical facial characteristics of the disease. This is the eighth patient affected by MPS VII who has undergone HCT. It is not possible to draw conclusions about the efficacy of HCT in MPS VII. Treatment with enzyme replacement is now available and will probably be beneficial for the patients who have a milder form with no or little cognitive involvement. Increased awareness among clinicians is needed for prompt diagnosis and to offer the correct treatment as early as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Furlan
- Pediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Clinica Pediatrica, Fondazione MBBM, Università Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Attilio Rovelli
- Clinica Pediatrica, Fondazione MBBM, Università Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Miriam Rigoldi
- Medical Genetics Unit S Gerardo Hospital, ASST Monza, Monza, Italy
| | - Mirella Filocamo
- Centro di Diagnostica Genetica e Biochimica delle Malattie Metaboliche, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Barbara Tappino
- Centro di Diagnostica Genetica e Biochimica delle Malattie Metaboliche, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Douglas Friday
- Diagenom GmbH Robert-Koch-Str. 10, D-18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Serena Gasperini
- Clinica Pediatrica, Fondazione MBBM, Università Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Silvana Mariani
- Clinica Ostetrica Fondazione MBBM Università Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Claudia Izzi
- Prenatal Diagnosis Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Bondioni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Cinzia Gellera
- Unit of Genetics of Neurodegenerative and Metabolic Diseases,- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Venerando
- Unit of Genetics of Neurodegenerative and Metabolic Diseases,- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Villa
- Medical Genetics Unit S Gerardo Hospital, ASST Monza, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Pavan
- Clinica Pediatrica, Fondazione MBBM, Università Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Andrea Biondi
- Clinica Pediatrica, Fondazione MBBM, Università Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Rossella Parini
- Clinica Pediatrica, Fondazione MBBM, Università Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy. .,Fondazione MBBM, AST San Gerardo, via Pergolesi 33, 20900, Monza, Italy.
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10
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Ravera S, Cossu V, Tappino B, Nicchia E, Dufour C, Cavani S, Sciutto A, Bolognesi C, Columbaro M, Degan P, Cappelli E. Concentration-dependent metabolic effects of metformin in healthy and Fanconi anemia lymphoblast cells. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:1736-1751. [PMID: 28681917 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Metformin (MET) is the drug of choice for patients with type 2 diabetes and has been proposed for use in cancer therapy and for treating other metabolic diseases. More than 14,000 studies have been published addressing the cellular mechanisms affected by MET. However, several in vitro studies have used concentrations of the drug 10-100-fold higher than the plasmatic concentration measured in patients. Here, we evaluated the biochemical, metabolic, and morphologic effects of various concentrations of MET. Moreover, we tested the effect of MET on Fanconi Anemia (FA) cells, a DNA repair genetic disease with defects in energetic and glucose metabolism, as well as on human promyelocytic leukemia (HL60) cell lines. We found that the response of wild-type cells to MET is concentration dependent. Low concentrations (15 and 150 µM) increase both oxidative phosphorylation and the oxidative stress response, acting on the AMPK/Sirt1 pathway, while the high concentration (1.5 mM) inhibits the respiratory chain, alters cell morphology, becoming toxic to the cells. In FA cells, MET was unable to correct the energetic/respiratory defect and did not improve the response to oxidative stress and DNA damage. By contrast, HL60 cells appear sensitive also at 150 μM. Our findings underline the importance of the MET concentration in evaluating the effect of this drug on cell metabolism and demonstrate that data obtained from in vitro experiments, that have used high concentrations of MET, cannot be readily translated into improving our understanding of the cellular effects of metformin when used in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Ravera
- Department of Pharmacy, Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Vanessa Cossu
- Department of Pharmacy, Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Barbara Tappino
- Centro di Diagnostica Genetica e Biochimica Delle Malattie Metaboliche, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Elena Nicchia
- Department of Medical Sciences University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Carlo Dufour
- Hematology Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Simona Cavani
- Laboratorio di Genetica Umana, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Sciutto
- Environmental Carcinogenesis Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Claudia Bolognesi
- Environmental Carcinogenesis Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Marta Columbaro
- SC Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Degan
- U.O. Mutagenesi e Prevenzione Oncologica, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST (Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro), Genova, Italy
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11
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Mirabelli-Badenier M, Severino M, Tappino B, Tortora D, Camia F, Zanaboni C, Brera F, Priolo E, Rossi A, Biancheri R, Di Rocco M, Filocamo M. A novel homozygous MCOLN1 double mutant allele leading to TRP channel domain ablation underlies Mucolipidosis IV in an Italian Child. Metab Brain Dis 2015; 30:681-6. [PMID: 25156245 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-014-9612-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Mucolipidosis type IV (MLIV) is a very rare disorder of late endosome/lysosome transport, characterized by neurodevelopmental abnormalities and progressive visual impairment owing to corneal clouding and retinal dystrophy. Greater than 70 % of MLIV patients are of Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry. Here we report a novel MCOLN1double mutant allele [c.395_397delCTG;c.468_474dupTTGGACC] which introduces a premature stop codon [p.Ala132del; p.Asn159LeufsX27] leading to almost complete abrogation of the region coding mucolipin-1, a member of the transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channel family. The genomic lesion was identified in homozygous state, in a non-Jewish Italian MLIV patient, who also presented abnormal serum gastrin levels. Conventional and advanced MRI sequences, including diffusion tensor imaging and tractography, were used for the assessment of white matter involvement in the patient.
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12
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Regis S, Corsolini F, Grossi S, Tappino B, Cooper DN, Filocamo M. Restoration of the normal splicing pattern of the PLP1 gene by means of an antisense oligonucleotide directed against an exonic mutation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e73633. [PMID: 24019930 PMCID: PMC3760819 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
An exonic missense mutation, c.436C>G, in the PLP1 gene of a patient affected by the hypomyelinating leukodystrophy, Pelizaeus–Merzbacher disease, has previously been found to be responsible for the alteration of the canonical alternative splicing profile of the PLP1 gene leading to the loss of the longer PLP isoform. Here we show that the presence of the c.436C>G mutation served to introduce regulatory motifs that appear to be responsible for the perturbed splicing pattern that led to loss of the major PLP transcript. With the aim of disrupting the interaction between the PLP1 splicing regulatory motifs and their cognate splicing factors, we designed an antisense oligonucleotide-based in vitro correction protocol that successfully restored PLP transcript production in oligodendrocyte precursor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Regis
- Centro di Diagnostica Genetica e Biochimica delle Malattie Metaboliche, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Fabio Corsolini
- Centro di Diagnostica Genetica e Biochimica delle Malattie Metaboliche, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Serena Grossi
- Centro di Diagnostica Genetica e Biochimica delle Malattie Metaboliche, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Barbara Tappino
- Centro di Diagnostica Genetica e Biochimica delle Malattie Metaboliche, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - David N. Cooper
- Institute of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Mirella Filocamo
- Centro di Diagnostica Genetica e Biochimica delle Malattie Metaboliche, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy
- * E-mail:
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13
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Tappino B, Biancheri R, Mort M, Regis S, Corsolini F, Rossi A, Stroppiano M, Lualdi S, Fiumara A, Bembi B, Di Rocco M, Cooper DN, Filocamo M. Identification and characterization of 15 novel GALC gene mutations causing Krabbe disease. Hum Mutat 2011; 31:E1894-914. [PMID: 20886637 PMCID: PMC3052420 DOI: 10.1002/humu.21367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The characterization of the underlying GALC gene lesions was performed in 30 unrelated patients affected by Krabbe disease, an autosomal recessive leukodystrophy caused by the deficiency of lysosomal enzyme galactocerebrosidase. The GALC mutational spectrum comprised 33 distinct mutant (including 15 previously unreported) alleles. With the exception of 4 novel missense mutations that replaced evolutionarily highly conserved residues (p.P318R, p.G323R, p.I384T, p.Y490N), most of the newly described lesions altered mRNA processing. These included 7 frameshift mutations (c.61delG, c.408delA, c.521delA, c.1171_1175delCATTCinsA, c.1405_1407delCTCinsT, c.302_308dupAAATAGG, c.1819_1826dupGTTACAGG), 3 nonsense mutations (p.R69X, p.K88X, p.R127X) one of which (p.K88X) mediated the skipping of exon 2, and a splicing mutation (c.1489+1G>A) which induced the partial skipping of exon 13. In addition, 6 previously unreported GALC polymorphisms were identified. The functional significance of the novel GALC missense mutations and polymorphisms was investigated using the MutPred analysis tool. This study, reporting one of the largest genotype-phenotype analyses of the GALC gene so far performed in a European Krabbe disease cohort, revealed that the Italian GALC mutational profile differs significantly from other populations of European origin. This is due in part to a GALC missense substitution (p.G553R) that occurs at high frequency on a common founder haplotype background in patients originating from the Naples region. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Tappino
- S.S.D. Lab. Diagnosi Pre-Postnatale Malattie Metaboliche, IRCCS G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy
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14
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Coutinho MF, Encarnação M, Gomes R, da Silva Santos L, Martins S, Sirois-Gagnon D, Bargal R, Filocamo M, Raas-Rothschild A, Tappino B, Laprise C, Cury GK, Schwartz IV, Artigalás O, Prata MJ, Alves S. Origin and spread of a common deletion causing mucolipidosis type II: insights from patterns of haplotypic diversity. Clin Genet 2010; 80:273-80. [PMID: 20880125 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2010.01539.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mucolipidosis II (ML II alpha/beta), or I-cell disease, is a rare genetic disease in which activity of the uridine diphosphate (UDP)-N-acetylglucosamine:lysosomal enzyme N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase (GlcNAc-phosphotransferase) is absent. GlcNAc-phosphotransferase is a multimeric enzyme encoded by two genes, GNPTAB and GNPTG. A spectrum of mutations in GNPTAB has been recently reported to cause ML II alpha/beta. Most of these mutations were found to be private or rare. However, the mutation c.3503_3504delTC has been detected among Israeli and Palestinian Arab-Muslim, Turkish, Canadian, Italian, Portuguese, Irish traveller and US patients. We analysed 44 patients who were either homozygous or compound heterozygous for this deletion (22 Italians, 8 Arab-Muslims, 1 Turk, 3 Argentineans, 3 Brazilians, 2 Irish travellers and 5 Portuguese) and 16 carriers (15 Canadians and 1 Italian) for three intragenic polymorphisms: c.-41_-39delGGC, c.18G>A and c.1932A>G as well as two microsatellite markers flanking the GNPTAB gene (D12S1607 and D12S1727). We identified a common haplotype in all chromosomes bearing the c.3503_3504delTC mutation. In summary, we showed that patients carrying the c.3503_3504delTC deletion presented with a common haplotype, which implies a common origin of this mutation. Additionally, the level of diversity observed at the most distant locus indicates that the mutation is relatively ancient (around 2063 years old), and the geographical distribution further suggests that it probably arose in a peri-Mediterranean region.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Coutinho
- Medical Genetics Center Jacinto Magalhães, Research and Development Unit, Department of Genetics, INSA, Portugal
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15
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Lualdi S, Tappino B, Di Duca M, Dardis A, Anderson CJ, Biassoni R, Thompson PW, Corsolini F, Di Rocco M, Bembi B, Regis S, Cooper DN, Filocamo M. Enigmatic in vivo iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS) mutant transcript correction to wild-type in Hunter syndrome. Hum Mutat 2010; 31:E1261-85. [PMID: 20104590 DOI: 10.1002/humu.21208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Sequence analysis of the X-linked iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS) gene in two Hunter syndrome patients revealed a lack of concordance between IDS genomic DNA and cDNA. These individuals were found to be hemizygous respectively for a nonsense mutation [c.22C>T;p.R8X] and a frameshift micro-insertion [c.10insT;p.P4Sfs] in their genomic DNA. However, both wild-type and mutant IDS sequences were evident upon cDNA analysis. Similar discrepant results were also obtained in a third unrelated patient carrying the same p.R8X mutation. Since both p.R8X mutations were inherited from carrier mothers, somatic mosaicism could be excluded. Although the presence of wild-type IDSmRNA-transcripts was confirmed in all three patients by restriction enzyme digestion, clone sequencing, pyrosequencing and single nucleotide primer extension (SNuPE), no wild-type IDS genomic sequence was detectable. The relative abundance of wild-type and mutation-bearing IDS-transcripts in different tissues was quantified by SNuPE. Although IDS transcript levels, as measured by real-time PCR, were reduced (51-71% normal) in these patients, some wild-type IDS protein was detectable by western blotting. Various possible explanations for these unprecedented findings (e.g. accidental contamination, artefactual in vitro nucleotide misincorporation, malsegregation of an extra maternal X-chromosome) were explored and experimentally excluded. PCR-based discriminant assay and segregation analysis of a linked IDS polymorphism (rs1141608) also served to exclude the presence of IDS cDNA derived from the maternal wild-type chromosome. Although it remains to be formally demonstrated by direct experimentation, the intriguing possibility arises that we have observed the in vivo correction of heritable gene lesions at the RNA level operating via a correction mechanism akin to RNA-editing. (c) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Lualdi
- S.S.D. Lab. Diagnosi Pre-Postnatale Malattie Metaboliche, Dipartimento di Neuroscience, IRCCS G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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16
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Tappino B, Chuzhanova NA, Regis S, Dardis A, Corsolini F, Stroppiano M, Tonoli E, Beccari T, Rosano C, Mucha J, Blanco M, Szlago M, Di Rocco M, Cooper DN, Filocamo M. Molecular characterization of 22 novel UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate transferase α- and β-subunit (GNPTAB) gene mutations causing mucolipidosis types IIα/β and IIIα/β in 46 patients. Hum Mutat 2009; 30:E956-73. [PMID: 19634183 DOI: 10.1002/humu.21099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Tappino
- S.S.D. Lab. Diagnosi Pre-Postnatale Malattie Metaboliche, IRCCS G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy
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17
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Persichetti E, Chuzhanova NA, Dardis A, Tappino B, Pohl S, Thomas NST, Rosano C, Balducci C, Paciotti S, Dominissini S, Montalvo AL, Sibilio M, Parini R, Rigoldi M, Di Rocco M, Parenti G, Orlacchio A, Bembi B, Cooper DN, Filocamo M, Beccari T. Identification and molecular characterization of six novel mutations in the UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase gamma subunit (GNPTG) gene in patients with mucolipidosis III gamma. Hum Mutat 2009; 30:978-84. [PMID: 19370764 DOI: 10.1002/humu.20959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Mucolipidosis type III (MLIII) is an autosomal recessive disorder affecting lysosomal hydrolase trafficking. In a study of 10 patients from seven families with a clinical phenotype and enzymatic diagnosis of MLIII, six novel GNPTG gene mutations were identified. These included missense (p.T286M) and nonsense (p.W111X) mutations and a transition in the obligate AG-dinucleotide of the intron 8 acceptor splice site (c.610-2A>G). Three microdeletions were also identified, two of which (c.611delG and c.640_667del28) were located within the coding region whereas one (c.609+28_610-16del) was located entirely within intron 8. RT-PCR analysis of the c.610-2A>G transition demonstrated that the change altered splicing, leading to the production of two distinct aberrantly spliced forms, viz. the skipping of exon 9 (p.G204_K247del) or the retention of introns 8 and 9 (p.G204VfsX28). RT-PCR analysis, performed on a patient homozygous for the intronic deletion (c.609+28_610-16del), failed to detect any GNPTG RNA transcripts. To determine whether c.609+28_610-16del allele-derived transcripts were subject to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), patient fibroblasts were incubated with the protein synthesis inhibitor anisomycin. An RT-PCR fragment retaining 43 bp of intron 8 was consistently detected suggesting that the 33-bp genomic deletion had elicited NMD. Quantitative real-time PCR and GNPTG western blot analysis confirmed that the homozygous microdeletion p.G204VfsX17 had elicited NMD resulting in failure to synthesize GNPTG protein. Analysis of the sequences surrounding the microdeletion breakpoints revealed either intrinsic repetitivity of the deleted region or short direct repeats adjacent to the breakpoint junctions. This is consistent with these repeats having mediated the microdeletions via replication slippage and supports the view that the mutational spectrum of the GNPTG gene is strongly influenced by the properties of the local DNA sequence environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Persichetti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Fancello T, Dardis A, Rosano C, Tarugi P, Tappino B, Zampieri S, Pinotti E, Corsolini F, Fecarotta S, D'Amico A, Di Rocco M, Uziel G, Calandra S, Bembi B, Filocamo M. Molecular analysis of NPC1 and NPC2 gene in 34 Niemann-Pick C Italian patients: identification and structural modeling of novel mutations. Neurogenetics 2009; 10:229-39. [PMID: 19252935 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-009-0175-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2008] [Accepted: 01/16/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Niemann-Pick C, the autosomal recessive neuro-visceral disease resulting from a failure of cholesterol trafficking within the endosomal-lysosomal pathway, is due to mutations in NPC1 or NPC2 genes. We characterized 34 unrelated patients including 32 patients with mutations in NPC1 gene and two patients in NPC2 gene. Overall, 33 distinct genotypes were encountered. Among the 21 unpublished NPC1 alleles, 15 were due to point mutations resulting in 13 codon replacements (p.C100S, p.P237L, p.R389L, p.L472H, p.Y634C, p.S636F, p.V780G, p.Q921P, p.Y1019C, p.R1077Q, p.L1102F, p.A1187V, and p.L1191F) and in two premature stop codons (p.R934X and p.Q447X); a new mutant carried two in cis mutations, p.[L648H;M1142T] and four other NPC1 alleles were small deletions/insertions leading both to frame shifts and premature protein truncations (p.C31WfsX26, p.F284LfsX26, p.E1188fsX54, and p.T1205NfsX53). Finally, the new intronic c.464-2A>C change at the 3' acceptor splice site of intron 4 affected NPC1 messenger RNA processing. We also found a new NPC2 mutant caused by a change of the first codon (p.M1L). The novel missense mutations were further investigated by two bioinformatics approaches. Panther proein classification system computationally predicted the detrimental effect of all new missense mutations occurring at evolutionary conserved positions. The other bioinformatics approach was based on prediction of structural alterations induced by missense mutations on the NPC1 atomic models. The in silico analysis predicted protein malfunctioning and/or local folding alteration for most missense mutations. Moreover, the effects of the missense mutations (p.Y634C, p.S636F, p.L648H, and p.V780G) affecting the sterol-sensing domain (SSD) were evaluated by docking simulation between the atomic coordinates of SSD model and cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Fancello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Tappino B, Regis S, Corsolini F, Filocamo M. An Alu insertion in compound heterozygosity with a microduplication in GNPTAB gene underlies Mucolipidosis II. Mol Genet Metab 2008; 93:129-33. [PMID: 17964840 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2007.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2007] [Revised: 09/17/2007] [Accepted: 09/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mucolipidosis type II (ML II) is a fatal, autosomal recessive, lysosomal storage disorder characterized by severe clinical and radiologic features. ML II results from mutations in alpha and beta subunits, encoded by the GlcNAc-1-phosphotransferase gene (GNPTAB). Most of the 40 different GNPTAB mutations reported so far are insertions and deletions predicting diverse types of aberrant proteins. Alu mobile elements have however never been involved in these events up to now. The Italian ML II patient of our study showed an Alu retrotrasposition in GNPTAB exon 5. The Alu insertion mutation (NM_024312.3:c.555_556insHSU14569) generated a transcript with a skipping of the target exon 5 and a frameshift p.S122fs, causing a premature translation termination codon at position 123. This insertion mutation was found in compound heterozygosity with the frameshift p.S887KfsX33, resulting from a new mono-nucleotide duplication (c.2659dupA) that occurred in GNPTAB exon 13. A possible involvement of cis-splicing elements having an exonic location, such as exon enhancers (ESEs), is discussed as mechanism that led to the production of the aberrant mRNA splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Tappino
- Laboratorio Diagnosi Pre-Postnatale Malattie Metaboliche, IRCCS G. Gaslini, L.go G. Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
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Donnarumma M, Regis S, Tappino B, Rosano C, Assereto S, Corsolini F, Di Rocco M, Filocamo M. Molecular analysis and characterization of nine novel CTSK mutations in twelve patients affected by pycnodysostosis. Hum Mutat 2007; 28:524. [PMID: 17397052 DOI: 10.1002/humu.9490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Molecular characterization of twelve unrelated patients affected by the autosomal recessive osteosclerotic skeletal dysplasia, Pycnodysostosis (cathepsin k deficiency), revealed 11 different genotypes. The mutational profile consisted of 12 different mutations, including nine previously unreported ones, spread throughout the whole gene. One mutation occurred in regions coding predomain, two affected the prodomain and nine others occurred in the mature domain. The novel lesions consisted in six missense mutations c.20T>C (p.L7P), c.494A>G (p.Q165R), c.580G>A (p.G194S), c.746T>C (p.I249T), c.749A>G (p.D250G), c.955G>T (p.G319C), two frameshifts c.60_61dupGA (p.I21RfsX29), c.282dupA (p.S95VfsX9) and a splicing mutation c.890G>A (r.785_890del). The six new missense mutations were examined by western blots of COS-7 cells transfected with mutant CTSK genes. The L7P, occurring within the predicted hydrophobic domain of signal peptide, showed a significantly reduced expression level compared to the wild type control. These findings suggested that the mutation affected targeting and translocation of the nascent lysosomal protein across the endoplasmatic reticulum membrane. The novel amino acid changes were also modeled into the three-dimensional structure that predicted incorrect protein folding for all of them. Molecular characterization of the patients is of particular value for genetic counseling of patients and their families as diagnosis of Pycnodysostosis based on enzyme assay is unpractical and thus not offered routinely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Donnarumma
- Diagnosi Pre-Postnatale Malattie Metaboliche Laboratory, IRCCS G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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